CN108120656A - Measure coal body absorption and the system and method for desorption coal bed gas process temperature and heat - Google Patents
Measure coal body absorption and the system and method for desorption coal bed gas process temperature and heat Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 195
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 79
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 41
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004826 seaming Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 5
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011234 economic evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002336 sorption--desorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N7/00—Analysing materials by measuring the pressure or volume of a gas or vapour
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/32—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
- G01K11/3206—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres at discrete locations in the fibre, e.g. using Bragg scattering
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Abstract
Coal body absorption and the system and method for desorption coal bed gas process temperature and heat are measured, belongs to Coal-seam Gas Recovery Technologies field.The measurement coal body absorption and the system of desorption coal bed gas process temperature and heat include：Triaxial pressure chamber, triaxial stress loading device, temperature-detecting device, gas measuring equipment and data processing equipment, triaxial pressure chamber includes the first cavity and the second cavity, first cavity is located on the second cavity, seaming chuck and push-down head are equipped in first cavity, one end of coal sample is fixed on seaming chuck, and the other end is fixed on push-down head；Triaxial stress loading device includes oil cylinder, oil pump, multiple-way valve and gas gas cylinder；Temperature-detecting device includes wideband light source, fiber coupler, fiber Bragg grating sensor array and fiber demodulator；Gas measurement device includes graduated cylinder；Data processing equipment includes microcontroller and display.The system can simulate absorption and the desorption process of coal bed gas, and heat of adsorption and heat of desorption are measured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal bed gas exploitation, in particular to a system and a method for measuring temperature and heat in coal bed gas adsorption and desorption processes.
Background
The coal bed gas reserves in China are rich, the main component of the coal bed gas is methane, and the coal bed gas in China has the characteristic of high reserve and low permeability, so that most coal bed gas mine areas are low permeability reservoirs, the development is difficult, and the yield increase seepage flow of the coal bed gas in the low permeability reservoirs has positive significance for relieving the energy crisis, preventing and treating mine gas disaster accidents and protecting the atmospheric environment.
Both theoretical and experimental researches show that the permeability of a coal reservoir and the desorption amount and desorption rate of coal bed gas can be improved by injecting heat into a low-permeability coal reservoir, so that the purposes of increasing the yield and the permeability of the coal bed gas of the low-permeability reservoir are achieved, and sufficient attention is paid to engineering on the basis of the principle of heat injection exploitation of the coal bed gas. Compared with other coal bed gas mining technologies, thermal mining has the advantages of small environmental influence, suitability for various different storage characteristics and the like, so that the factors such as energy mining efficiency, economy and the like in the thermal mining process need to be further evaluated to obtain commercial application and popularization of the thermal coal bed gas mining method. The coal body can adsorb the coal bed gas and desorb the coal bed gas, the desorption is a process of changing the coal bed gas in the coal body from an adsorption state to a free state gas, the coal body can generate heat change in the process of adsorbing the coal bed gas or desorbing the coal bed gas and is respectively called as adsorption heat and desorption heat, and the adsorption heat and the desorption heat are very important for researching the migration of heat injected into the coal body on various media in the heat injection exploitation technology, so the measurement of the adsorption heat and the desorption heat plays an important role in establishing an energy exploitation efficiency and economic evaluation system in the heat injection exploitation process.
At present, an indirect method is mostly adopted in the determination of adsorption heat and desorption heat, namely, the adsorption heat of an adsorbent under constant coverage is calculated by utilizing adsorption isotherms measured at two different temperatures through a Clausius-Clapeyron equation, and the adsorption heat is approximately substituted for the desorption heat based on the principle that adsorption desorption is a reciprocal process, however, the assumed conditions of the adsorption heat and the desorption heat obtained by the indirect method in the calculation process are both in an ideal state and have obvious difference with the real adsorption heat and the desorption heat of an actual coal body, so that the data measured by the indirect method is seriously deviated from the actual change rule of the adsorption heat and the desorption heat.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, in one aspect, the present invention provides a system for measuring the temperature and heat of a coal bed gas adsorption and desorption process, where the system for measuring the temperature and heat of the coal bed gas adsorption and desorption process comprises: the device comprises a triaxial pressure cavity, a triaxial stress loading device, a temperature detection device, a gas measurement device and a data processing device;
the triaxial pressure cavity comprises a first cavity and a second cavity, the first cavity is positioned above the second cavity, an upper pressure head and a lower pressure head are arranged in the first cavity, the upper pressure head is fixed at the top of the first cavity, one end of a coal sample is fixed on the upper pressure head, the other end of the coal sample is fixed on the lower pressure head, the axle pressure head is positioned in the second cavity, one end of the axle pressure head extends into the first cavity and is connected with the lower pressure head, and thermoplastic sleeves are sleeved outside the coal sample, the upper pressure head and the lower pressure head;
the triaxial stress loading device comprises an oil cylinder, an oil pump, a multi-way valve and a gas high-pressure cylinder, wherein the oil cylinder is connected with the oil pump, the oil pump is connected with the multi-way valve, a confining pressure hole is formed in the top of the first cavity, and the confining pressure hole is connected with one valve of the multi-way valve through a first pipeline; the bottom of the second cavity is provided with a shaft pressing hole, and the shaft pressing hole is connected with the other valve of the multi-way valve through a second pipeline; the upper pressure head is provided with an air inlet, the air inlet extends into the upper pressure head to the end face of the upper pressure head contacted with the coal sample, the air inlet is connected with a gas high-pressure cylinder through a third pipeline, and the third pipeline is provided with an air inlet valve and a high-pressure regulating valve;
the temperature detection device comprises a broadband light source, an optical fiber coupler, an optical fiber Bragg grating sensor array and an optical fiber demodulator, wherein a sensor mounting hole is formed in a coal sample, the optical fiber Bragg grating sensor array is mounted in the sensor mounting hole, the optical fiber coupler is connected with each optical fiber Bragg grating sensor in the optical fiber Bragg grating sensor array through an optical fiber, the position of a detection point of each optical fiber Bragg grating sensor is different, the broadband light source is connected with the optical fiber coupler through the optical fiber, and the optical fiber coupler is connected with the optical fiber demodulator through the optical fiber;
the gas measuring device comprises a measuring cylinder, a first gas outlet hole is formed in the lower pressure head, a second gas outlet hole is formed in the shaft pressure head, the first gas outlet hole, the second gas outlet hole and the measuring cylinder are connected through a fourth pipeline, and a gas outlet valve is arranged on the fourth pipeline;
the data processing device comprises a single chip microcomputer and a display, the single chip microcomputer is connected with the optical fiber demodulator through a data line, and the display is connected with the single chip microcomputer through a data line.
The triaxial pressure chamber includes block, sleeve, fender ring sum lower cover cap, goes up the block cover and overlaps at telescopic one end, and telescopic other end card is in lower cover cap, keeps off the ring card in lower cover cap and with telescopic end face contact, go up the pressure head card on last block, the axle pressure head pass keep off the ring with the pressure head is connected down, goes up block, sleeve go up the pressure head axle pressure head and fender ring form first cavity keeps off the ring axle pressure head and lower cover cap form the second cavity.
The confining pressure hole is formed in the upper cover cap, and the axial pressure hole is formed in the lower cover cap.
The coal sample is internally provided with one sensor mounting hole, each fiber Bragg grating sensor in the fiber Bragg grating sensor array is mounted in the sensor mounting hole, and the detection point of each fiber Bragg grating sensor is positioned at different positions in the sensor mounting hole.
The coal sample is provided with a plurality of sensor mounting holes, each fiber Bragg grating sensor in the fiber Bragg grating sensor array corresponds to one sensor mounting hole, each fiber Bragg grating sensor is mounted in the corresponding sensor mounting hole, and the positions of the detection points of the fiber Bragg grating sensors in the sensor mounting holes are different.
The fiber Bragg grating sensor array is fastened in the sensor mounting hole through glue pouring.
And a pressure gauge is also arranged on the third pipeline.
The multi-way valve is also connected with the air bag pressure stabilizer.
The first pipeline is provided with a pressure gauge, and the second pipeline is provided with a pressure gauge.
On the other hand, the invention provides a method for measuring the temperature and the heat in the process of adsorbing and desorbing the coal bed gas by adopting the system for measuring the temperature and the heat in the process of adsorbing and desorbing the coal bed gas by the coal body, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, starting the oil pump and the multi-way valve, introducing hydraulic oil into the first cavity through the confining pressure hole for confining pressure loading, applying hydraulic oil into the second cavity through the shaft pressure hole, and extruding the shaft pressure head upwards by the hydraulic oil in the second cavity to enable the upper pressure head and the lower pressure head to extrude the coal sample for shaft pressure loading;
step 2, after the set confining pressure and the set axial pressure are reached, closing the multi-way valve and the oil pump, opening the air inlet valve and the high-pressure regulating valve, applying high-pressure gas to the coal sample through the air inlet hole, loading pore pressure, adsorbing the high-pressure gas by the coal sample under the action of the pore pressure, opening the broadband light source while applying the pore pressure, and distributing optical signals sent by the broadband light source into each optical fiber Bragg grating sensor through the optical fiber coupler;
step 3, in the adsorption process, the temperature of the coal sample changes, each fiber bragg grating sensor detects the temperature of the coal sample in real time and generates a temperature change optical signal, the temperature change optical signal is reflected to the fiber coupler, and the fiber coupler couples the temperature change optical signal reflected by each fiber bragg grating sensor into a path of optical signal and then reflects the optical signal to the fiber demodulator;
step 4, the optical fiber regulator (22) tracks the fiber bragg grating resonance spectrum of each fiber bragg grating sensor in real time according to the received optical signal, performs full spectrum scanning and data acquisition on the fiber bragg grating resonance spectrum of each fiber bragg grating sensor, analyzes the fiber bragg grating spectrum change caused by temperature, obtains the absolute resonance spectrum peak wavelength of each fiber bragg grating sensor, and obtains the temperature value T measured by each fiber bragg grating sensor according to the linear corresponding relation between the resonance spectrum peak wavelength and the temperature1，T2，T3，…TnN is the number of detection points;
step 5, the optical fiber demodulator measures the temperature value T measured by each optical fiber Bragg grating sensor1To TnSending the temperature value to the single chip microcomputer, and obtaining the average temperature T of the coal sample at a certain moment j in the adsorption process by the single chip microcomputer by taking the arithmetic mean value of n groups of temperature values measured at the moment jj，Then the change quantity delta T of the average temperature of the coal sample between two instant moments j and j +1 is calculatedj，ΔTj＝Tj+1-TjAccording to the formula Δ Qj＝C·M·ΔTjObtaining the transient differential adsorption heat quantity delta Q of the coal bed gas adsorption process under the condition of triaxial stressjC is the specific heat capacity of the coal sample, M is the mass of the coal sample, and then all transient differential adsorption heat quantity delta Q is obtainedjSumming to obtain adsorption heat Q in the whole process, and displaying the average temperature T of the coal sample corresponding to each moment through the display screenjAnd displaying the adsorption heat Q in the whole adsorption process, and finishing the adsorption heat measurement;
step 6, closing the air inlet valve, opening the air outlet valve, instantly relieving pore pressure, enabling the coal sample to begin to desorb coal bed gas, enabling the temperature of the coal sample to change in the desorption process, enabling each fiber Bragg grating sensor to detect the temperature of the coal sample in real time and generate a temperature change optical signal, reflecting the temperature change optical signal to the fiber coupler, and enabling the fiber coupler to couple the temperature change optical signal reflected by each fiber Bragg grating sensor into a path of optical signal and then reflect the path of optical signal to the fiber demodulator;
and 7, tracking the fiber bragg grating resonance spectrum of each fiber bragg grating sensor in real time by the fiber demodulator according to the received optical signal, carrying out full spectrum scanning and data acquisition on the fiber bragg grating resonance spectrum of each fiber bragg grating sensor, analyzing the fiber bragg grating spectrum change caused by the temperature, and obtaining each fiber bragg grating spectrum changeThe absolute resonance spectrum peak wavelength of the fiber Bragg grating sensor is obtained, and the temperature value T measured by each fiber Bragg grating sensor is obtained according to the linear corresponding relation between the resonance spectrum peak wavelength and the temperature1'，T2'，T3'，…Tn', n is the number of detection points;
step 8, the optical fiber demodulator measures the temperature value T measured by each optical fiber Bragg grating sensor1' to Tn' sending to the single chip microcomputer, the single chip microcomputer obtains the average temperature T of the coal sample at a certain moment by taking the arithmetic mean of n groups of temperature values measured by j at the certain moment in the desorption processj'，Then the change quantity delta T of the average temperature of the coal sample between two instant moments j and j +1 is calculatedj'，ΔTj'＝Tj+1'-Tj', according to the formula Δ Qj'＝C·M·ΔTjObtaining the transient micro-decomposition heat absorption quantity delta Q of the coal bed gas adsorption process under the condition of triaxial stressj', C is the specific heat capacity of the coal sample, M is the mass of the coal sample, and then the heat absorption quantity delta Q of all transient state micro-decompositionj'summing to obtain the desorption heat Q' of the whole desorption process, and displaying the average temperature T of the coal sample corresponding to each moment in the desorption process through the display screenj'and the heat of desorption Q' for the entire desorption process are shown and the heat of desorption measurement is complete.
The system for measuring the temperature and heat in the coal bed gas adsorption and desorption process can simulate the adsorption and desorption process of the coal bed gas under the real stress condition, has the triaxial stress loading function, simulates the adsorption and desorption of the coal bed gas by the coal body under the conditions of confining pressure, axial pressure and pore pressure in the actual process, can directly and accurately measure the temperature and heat change of the coal body in the adsorption and desorption process, greatly reduces the difference between the real adsorption heat and the heat absorption of the coal body compared with the result of indirect measurement by adopting the prior art, and provides powerful technical data and technical support for the heat economy evaluation, the process scheme optimization and the commercial popularization and application of the coal bed gas heat injection and production increase technology, and can carry out longitudinal multi-point measurement on a coal sample, so that the measured value is more accurate, and the structure is simple and compact, reliable performance, convenient operation and low cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for measuring temperature and heat in a coal bed gas adsorption and desorption process;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a three-axis pressure chamber provided by the present invention;
fig. 3 is a distribution diagram of detection points of the fiber bragg grating sensor array when a sensor mounting hole is provided in the coal sample provided by the present invention.
Wherein,
1 first cavity, 2 second cavities, 3 pressure heads, 4 pressure heads, 5 coal samples, 6 pressure heads, 7 oil cylinders, 8 oil pumps, 9 multi-way valves, 10 gas high-pressure gas cylinders, 11 confining pressure holes, 12 first pipelines, 13 axial pressure holes, 14 second pipelines, 15 air inlet holes, 16 third pipelines, 17 air inlet valves, 18 high-pressure regulating valves, 19 broadband light sources, 20 optical fiber couplers, 21 fiber Bragg grating sensor arrays, 22 optical fiber demodulators, 23 measuring cylinders, 24 first air outlet holes, 25 second air outlet holes, 26 fourth pipelines, 27 air outlet valves, 28 singlechips, 29 displays, 30 upper cover caps, 31 sleeves, 32 baffle rings, 33 lower cover caps, 34 pressure meters, 35 pressure meters, 36 pressure meters, 37 air bag pressure regulators and 38 optical fiber holes.
Detailed Description
In order to solve the problem that the prior art can only measure the heat of adsorption and the heat of desorption by an indirect method and has obvious difference with the real heat of adsorption and the heat of desorption of an actual coal body, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the invention provides a system for measuring the process temperature and the heat of adsorption and desorption of coal bed gas by a coal body, and the system for measuring the process temperature and the heat of adsorption and desorption of coal bed gas by the coal body comprises: the device comprises a triaxial pressure cavity, a triaxial stress loading device, a temperature detection device, a gas measurement device and a data processing device;
the triaxial pressure cavity comprises a first cavity body 1 and a second cavity body 2, the first cavity body 1 is positioned above the second cavity body 2, an upper pressure head 3 and a lower pressure head 4 are arranged in the first cavity body 1, the upper pressure head 3 is fixed at the top of the first cavity body 1, one end of a coal sample 5 is fixed on the upper pressure head 3, the other end of the coal sample is fixed on the lower pressure head 4, a shaft pressure head 6 is positioned in the second cavity body 2, one end of the shaft pressure head 6 extends into the first cavity body 1 to be connected with the lower pressure head 4, and thermoplastic sleeves are sleeved outside the coal sample 5, the upper pressure head 3 and the lower pressure head 4;
specifically, the triaxial pressure chamber comprises an upper cap 30, a sleeve 31, a baffle ring 32 and a lower cap 33, wherein the upper cap 30 is sleeved at one end of the sleeve 31, the other end of the sleeve 31 is clamped in the lower cap 33, the baffle ring 32 is clamped in the lower cap 33 and is in contact with the end surface of the sleeve 31, the upper pressure head 3 is clamped on the upper cap 30, the axle pressure head 6 passes through the baffle ring 32 to be connected with the lower pressure head 4, the upper cap 30, the sleeve 31, the upper pressure head 3, the axle pressure head 6 and the baffle ring 32 form a first chamber 1, and the baffle ring 32, the axle pressure head 6 and the lower cap 33 form a second chamber 2;
wherein, the cross sections of the upper pressure head 3 and the lower pressure head 4 can be round or rectangular, and can be reasonably arranged according to the shape of the coal sample 5 to be measured,
the triaxial stress loading device comprises an oil cylinder 7, an oil pump 8, a multi-way valve 9 and a gas high-pressure gas bottle 10, wherein the oil cylinder 7 is connected with the oil pump 8, the oil pump 8 is connected with the multi-way valve 9, a confining pressure hole 11 is formed in the top of the first cavity 1, specifically, the confining pressure hole 11 is formed in the upper cover cap 30, the confining pressure hole 11 is connected with a valve of the multi-way valve 9 through a first pipeline 12, and a pressure gauge 35 is arranged on the first pipeline 12; the bottom of the second cavity 2 is provided with a shaft pressure hole 13, specifically, the shaft pressure hole 13 is arranged on the lower cap 33, the shaft pressure hole 13 is connected with the other valve of the multi-way valve 9 through a second pipeline 14, the multi-way valve 9 is further connected with an air bag pressure stabilizer 37, and the second pipeline 14 is provided with a pressure gauge 36; an air inlet hole 15 is formed in the upper pressure head 3, the air inlet hole 15 extends into the end face, contacting with the coal sample 5, of the upper pressure head 3, the air inlet hole 15 is connected with the gas high-pressure gas cylinder 10 through a third pipeline 16, a pressure gauge 34 is arranged on the third pipeline 16, and an air inlet valve 17 and a high-pressure regulating valve 18 are further arranged on the third pipeline 16;
the temperature detection device comprises a broadband light source 19, an optical fiber coupler 20, an optical fiber Bragg Grating sensor array 21 and an optical fiber demodulator 22, wherein the optical fiber Bragg Grating sensor array 21 comprises a plurality of optical fiber Bragg Grating (fiber Bragg Grating) sensors, sensor mounting holes are formed in the coal sample 5, the optical fiber Bragg Grating sensor array 21 is mounted in the sensor mounting holes, the optical fiber coupler 20 is connected with each optical fiber Bragg Grating sensor in the optical fiber Bragg Grating sensor array 21 through an optical fiber, the positions of detection points of the optical fiber Bragg Grating sensors are different and used for detecting the temperature at different positions in the coal sample 5, the broadband light source 19 is connected with the optical fiber coupler 20 through the optical fiber, and the optical fiber coupler 20 is connected with the optical fiber demodulator 22 through the optical fiber;
one or more sensor mounting holes can be arranged in the coal sample 5 according to actual conditions, for the coal sample 5 with a smaller volume, one sensor mounting hole can be arranged in the coal sample 5, each fiber bragg grating sensor in the fiber bragg grating sensor array 21 is arranged in the sensor mounting hole, and detection points of each fiber bragg grating sensor are located at different positions in the sensor mounting holes and are used for detecting the temperature of the coal sample 5 at different positions;
for a large coal sample 5 with a large volume, a plurality of sensor mounting holes can be arranged in the coal sample 5, the sensor mounting holes are uniformly distributed in the coal sample 5, each fiber bragg grating sensor in the fiber bragg grating sensor array 21 corresponds to one sensor mounting hole, each fiber bragg grating sensor is arranged in the corresponding sensor mounting hole, and the positions of the detection points of the fiber bragg grating sensors in the sensor mounting holes are different;
the sensor mounting holes in the coal sample 5 shown in fig. 1 and 3 are longitudinally arranged, the fiber bragg grating sensor array 21 is longitudinally arranged in the coal sample 5, and each fiber bragg grating sensor in the array detects the temperature of the coal sample 5 at different heights; or, in the present invention, one or more sensor mounting holes may also be transversely provided in the coal sample 5, the fiber bragg grating sensor array 21 is transversely mounted in the coal sample 5, and each fiber bragg grating sensor in the array detects the temperature of the coal sample 5 at different positions in the horizontal direction; or, in the present invention, a plurality of sensor mounting holes may also be provided in the coal sample 5, some of the plurality of sensor mounting holes are longitudinally provided, some are transversely provided, and some are obliquely arranged at a certain angle, and each fiber bragg grating sensor detects the temperature at a different position of the coal sample 5.
The fiber bragg grating sensor of the fiber bragg grating sensor array 21 can be fixed in the sensor mounting hole through glue pouring, and the upper pressure head 3 is provided with a fiber hole 38, so that the fiber bragg grating sensor array 21 passes through the fiber hole 38 and is fixed in the sensor mounting hole of the coal sample 5.
The gas measuring device comprises a measuring cylinder 23, a lower pressure head 4 is provided with a gas outlet hole which is a first gas outlet hole 24, a shaft pressure head 6 is provided with a gas outlet hole which is a second gas outlet hole 25, the first gas outlet hole 24, the second gas outlet hole 25 and the measuring cylinder 23 are connected through a fourth pipeline 26, and a gas outlet valve 27 is arranged on the fourth pipeline 26, wherein the first pipeline 12, the second pipeline 14, the third pipeline 16 and the fourth pipeline 26 can be steel pipes;
the data processing device comprises a singlechip 28 and a display 29, the singlechip 28 is connected with the optical fiber demodulator 22 through a data line, and the display 29 is connected with the singlechip 28 through a data line.
The method for measuring the temperature and the heat in the methane adsorption or desorption process of the coal by adopting the system comprises the following steps:
step 1, starting an oil pump 8 and a multi-way valve 9, introducing hydraulic oil into a first cavity 1 through a confining pressure hole 11, carrying out confining pressure loading, applying hydraulic oil into a second cavity 2 through an axial pressure hole 13, extruding an axial pressure head 6 upwards by the hydraulic oil in the second cavity 2, extruding a coal sample 5 by an upper pressure head 3 and a lower pressure head 4, and carrying out axial pressure loading;
wherein, first pipeline 12 and second pipeline 14 are gone into respectively to oil in the oil pump 8 with hydro-cylinder 7 through multi-way valve 9, and hydraulic oil passes through in first pipeline 12 gets into first cavity 1, and the size of confining pressure is measured to manometer 25, exerts the confining pressure to coal sample 5, and hydraulic oil gets into extrusion axle pressure head 6 in the second cavity 2 through second pipeline 14, applys axle load to coal sample 5, and manometer 36 measures the size of axle load, and wherein, multi-way valve 9 can be six-way valve.
Step 2, after the set confining pressure and the set axial pressure are reached, closing the multi-way valve 9 and the oil pump 8, after the multi-way valve 9 and the oil pump 8 are closed, opening a valve of an air bag pressure stabilizer 37, enabling the air bag pressure stabilizer 37 to stabilize the confining pressure and the axial pressure, opening an air inlet valve 17 and a high pressure regulating valve 18, applying high pressure gas to the coal sample 5 through a third pipeline 16 and an air inlet 15, loading pore pressure, enabling the high pressure regulating valve 18 to regulate the air inlet pressure to enable the pore pressure to reach a set value, measuring the pore pressure by a pressure gauge 34, adsorbing the high pressure gas by the coal sample 5 under the action of the pore pressure, and enabling the components in the high pressure gas to be almost the same as those of the coal bed gas, so that the high pressure gas can be used for simulating the coal bed gas, wherein a thermoplastic sleeve can seal the coal sample 5 to prevent hydraulic oil from entering the coal sample 5 to influence the mechanical property, the thermoplastic sleeve can wrap the upper pressure head 3 and the lower pressure head 4 at the same time, and a sealing ring can be fixed outside the thermoplastic sleeve in order to ensure the sealing performance;
opening the broadband light source 19 while applying pore pressure, and dividing an optical signal emitted by the broadband light source 19 into each fiber Bragg grating sensor through the optical fiber coupler 20;
step 3, the pore pressure loading process is an adsorption process, the adsorption process is a heat release process, so that the temperature of the coal sample 5 can change in the adsorption process, each fiber bragg grating sensor detects the temperature of the coal sample 5 in real time and generates a temperature change optical signal, because the position of a detection point of each fiber bragg grating sensor in the coal sample 5 is different, the temperature change optical signals at different positions in the coal sample 5 can be detected, each fiber bragg grating sensor reflects the temperature change optical signal to the optical fiber coupler 20, and the optical fiber coupler 20 couples the temperature change optical signal reflected by each fiber bragg grating sensor into a path of optical signal and then reflects the path of optical signal to the optical fiber demodulator 22;
step 4, the optical fiber demodulator 22 tracks the fiber bragg grating resonance spectrum of each fiber bragg grating sensor in real time according to the received optical signal, performs full spectrum scanning and data acquisition on the fiber bragg grating resonance spectrum of each fiber bragg grating sensor, analyzes the fiber bragg grating spectrum change caused by the temperature, obtains the absolute resonance spectrum peak wavelength of each fiber bragg grating sensor, and obtains the temperature value T measured by each fiber bragg grating sensor according to the linear corresponding relation between the resonance spectrum peak wavelength and the temperature1，T2，T3，…TnN is the number of detection points, wherein the process of obtaining the temperature value measured by each fiber bragg grating sensor by the optical fiber regulator 22 according to the received optical signal is the prior art;
step 5, the optical fiber demodulator 22 measures the temperature value T measured by each optical fiber Bragg grating sensor1To TnSending the temperature value to the single chip microcomputer 28, and obtaining the average temperature T of the coal sample 5 at a certain moment j in the adsorption process by the single chip microcomputer 28 through arithmetic mean of n groups of temperature values measured at the moment jj，The average temperature of the coal sample 5 obtained by measuring the temperatures of multiple points can enable the temperature of the obtained coal sample 5 to be more accurate, and compared with the method for measuring the temperature of a single point by using a traditional single-point thermocouple, the accuracy is greatly improved;
the single-chip microcomputer 28 calculates the change quantity delta T of the average temperature of the coal sample 5 between two instant moments j and j +1j，ΔTj＝Tj+1-TjAccording to the formula ΔQj＝C·M·ΔTjObtaining the transient differential adsorption heat quantity delta Q of the coal bed gas adsorption process under the condition of triaxial stressjWherein C is the specific heat capacity of the coal sample 5, M is the mass of the coal sample 5, and the transient differential adsorption heat quantity delta Q is obtainedjSumming to obtain the adsorption heat Q of the whole process, and displaying the average temperature T of the coal sample 5 corresponding to each moment through a display screenjAnd the heat of adsorption Q of the whole adsorption process is displayed, and the measurement of the heat of adsorption is finished;
step 6, closing the air inlet valve 17, opening the air outlet valve 27, instantly relieving pore pressure, enabling the coal sample 5 to desorb coal bed gas, enabling the desorbed coal bed gas to enter the measuring cylinder 23, measuring the volume of the desorbed coal bed gas through the measuring cylinder 23, enabling the temperature of the coal sample 5 to change in the desorption process, enabling each fiber bragg grating sensor to detect the temperature of the coal sample 5 in real time and generate a temperature change optical signal, reflecting the temperature change optical signal to the optical fiber coupler 20, enabling the optical fiber coupler 20 to couple the temperature change optical signal reflected by each fiber bragg grating sensor into a path of optical signal, and reflecting the path of optical signal to the optical fiber demodulator 22;
step 7, the optical fiber demodulator 22 tracks the fiber bragg grating resonance spectrum of each fiber bragg grating sensor in real time according to the received optical signal, performs full spectrum scanning and data acquisition on the fiber bragg grating resonance spectrum of each fiber bragg grating sensor, analyzes the fiber bragg grating spectrum change caused by the temperature to obtain the absolute resonance spectrum peak wavelength of each fiber bragg grating sensor, and obtains the temperature value T measured by each fiber bragg grating sensor according to the linear corresponding relation between the resonance spectrum peak wavelength and the temperature1'，T2'，T3'，…Tn', n is the number of detection points;
step 8, the optical fiber demodulator 22 measures the temperature value T measured by each optical fiber Bragg grating sensor1' to Tn' sending to the single chip microcomputer 28, the single chip microcomputer 28 taking arithmetic mean value of n groups of temperature values measured at a certain moment j in the desorption process to obtain the average temperature T of the coal sample 5 at the momentj'，Then the change quantity delta T of the average temperature of the coal sample 5 between two instant moments j and j +1 is calculatedj'，ΔTj'＝Tj+1'-Tj', according to the formula Δ Qj'＝C·M·ΔTjObtaining the transient micro-decomposition heat absorption quantity delta Q of the coal bed gas adsorption process under the condition of triaxial stressj', C is the specific heat capacity of the coal sample 5, M is the mass of the coal sample 5, and the heat absorption quantity delta Q of all transient micro-decompositionj'summing to obtain the desorption heat Q' of the whole desorption process, and displaying the average temperature T of the coal sample 5 corresponding to each moment in the desorption process through a display screenj'and the heat of desorption Q' for the entire desorption process are shown and the heat of desorption measurement is complete.
The system for measuring the temperature and heat in the coal bed gas adsorption and desorption process can simulate the adsorption and desorption process of the coal bed gas under the real stress condition, has the triaxial stress loading function, simulates the adsorption and desorption of the coal bed gas by the coal body under the conditions of confining pressure, axial pressure and pore pressure in the actual process, can directly and accurately measure the temperature and heat change of the coal body in the adsorption and desorption process, greatly reduces the difference between the real adsorption heat and the heat absorption of the coal body compared with the result of indirect measurement by adopting the prior art, and provides powerful technical data and technical support for the heat economy evaluation, the process scheme optimization and the commercial popularization and application of the coal bed gas heat injection and production increase technology, and can carry out longitudinal multipoint measurement on a coal sample 5, so that the measured value is more accurate, and the structure is simple and compact, reliable performance, convenient operation and low cost.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. A system for measuring the temperature and heat in the process of adsorbing and desorbing coal bed gas by coal comprises: the device comprises a triaxial pressure cavity, a triaxial stress loading device, a temperature detection device, a gas measurement device and a data processing device;
the triaxial pressure cavity comprises a first cavity body (1) and a second cavity body (2), the first cavity body (1) is positioned on the second cavity body (2), an upper pressure head (3) and a lower pressure head (4) are arranged in the first cavity body (1), the upper pressure head (3) is fixed at the top of the first cavity body (1), one end of a coal sample (5) is fixed on the upper pressure head (3), the other end of the coal sample is fixed on the lower pressure head (4), an axial pressure head (6) is positioned in the second cavity body (2), one end of the axial pressure head (6) extends into the first cavity body (1) and is connected with the lower pressure head (4), and thermoplastic sleeves are sleeved outside the coal sample (5), the upper pressure head (3) and the lower pressure head (4);
the triaxial stress loading device comprises an oil cylinder (7), an oil pump (8), a multi-way valve (9) and a gas high-pressure gas cylinder (10), wherein the oil cylinder (7) is connected with the oil pump (8), the oil pump (8) is connected with the multi-way valve (9), a confining pressure hole (11) is formed in the top of the first cavity (1), and the confining pressure hole (11) is connected with one valve of the multi-way valve (9) through a first pipeline (12); the bottom of the second cavity (2) is provided with a shaft pressure hole (13), and the shaft pressure hole (13) is connected with the other valve of the multi-way valve (9) through a second pipeline (14); an air inlet hole (15) is formed in the upper pressure head (3), the air inlet hole (15) extends into the end face, contacting with the coal sample (5), of the upper pressure head (3), the air inlet hole (15) is connected with the gas high-pressure cylinder (10) through a third pipeline (16), and an air inlet valve (17) and a high-pressure regulating valve (18) are arranged on the third pipeline (16);
the temperature detection device comprises a broadband light source (19), an optical fiber coupler (20), an optical fiber Bragg grating sensor array (21) and an optical fiber demodulator (22), a sensor mounting hole is formed in the coal sample (5), the optical fiber Bragg grating sensor array (21) is mounted in the sensor mounting hole, the optical fiber coupler (20) is connected with each optical fiber Bragg grating sensor in the optical fiber Bragg grating sensor array (21) through an optical fiber, the position of a detection point of each optical fiber Bragg grating sensor is different, the broadband light source (19) is connected with the optical fiber coupler (20) through the optical fiber, and the optical fiber coupler (20) is connected with the optical fiber demodulator (22) through the optical fiber;
the gas measuring device comprises a measuring cylinder (23), a first gas outlet hole (24) is formed in the lower pressure head (4), a second gas outlet hole (25) is formed in the shaft pressure head (6), the first gas outlet hole (24), the second gas outlet hole (25) and the measuring cylinder (23) are connected through a fourth pipeline (26), and a gas outlet valve (27) is arranged on the fourth pipeline (26);
the data processing device comprises a singlechip (28) and a display (29), the singlechip (28) is connected with the optical fiber demodulator (22) through a data line, and the display (29) is connected with the singlechip (28) through a data line.
2. The system for measuring the temperature and heat in the process of adsorbing and desorbing coal bed gas by coal body according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the triaxial pressure chamber comprises an upper cover cap (30), a sleeve (31), a baffle ring (32) and a lower cover cap (33), the upper cover cap (30) is sleeved at one end of the sleeve (31), the other end of the sleeve (31) is clamped in the lower cover cap (33), the baffle ring (32) is clamped in the lower cover cap (33) and is contacted with the end surface of the sleeve (31), go up pressure head (3) card on last block (30), axle pressure head (6) pass keep off ring (32) with pressure head (4) are connected down, go up block (30), sleeve (31) go up pressure head (3) axle pressure head (6) and keep off ring (32) and form first cavity (1), keep off ring (32) axle pressure head (6) and lower block (33) form second cavity (2).
3. The system for measuring the process temperature and heat of coal bed gas adsorption and desorption of coal body as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the confining pressure hole (11) is arranged on the upper cover cap (30), and the axial pressure hole (13) is arranged on the lower cover cap (33).
4. The system for measuring the process temperature and heat of coal bed gas adsorption and desorption of coal body according to claim 1, characterized in that one sensor mounting hole is arranged in the coal sample (5), each fiber bragg grating sensor in the fiber bragg grating sensor array (21) is installed in the sensor mounting hole, and the detection point of each fiber bragg grating sensor is located at different positions in the sensor mounting hole.
5. The system for measuring the temperature and heat in the coal bed gas adsorption and desorption process of the coal body according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of sensor mounting holes are formed in the coal sample (5), each fiber bragg grating sensor in the fiber bragg grating sensor array (21) corresponds to one sensor mounting hole, each fiber bragg grating sensor is mounted in the corresponding sensor mounting hole, and the positions of the detection points of the fiber bragg grating sensors in each sensor mounting hole are different.
6. The system for measuring the process temperature and heat of coal bed gas adsorption and desorption of coal bodies as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fiber bragg grating sensor array (21) is fastened in the sensor mounting hole by glue filling.
7. The system for measuring the temperature and the heat in the process of adsorbing and desorbing the coal bed gas by the coal body as claimed in claim 1, wherein a pressure gauge (34) is further arranged on the third pipeline (16).
8. The system for measuring the process temperature and heat of coal bed gas adsorption and desorption of coal bodies as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the multi-way valve (9) is further connected with an air bag pressure stabilizer (37).
9. The system for measuring the process temperature and the heat of the coal bed gas adsorption and desorption of the coal body as claimed in claim 1, wherein a pressure gauge (35) is arranged on the first pipeline (12), and a pressure gauge (36) is arranged on the second pipeline (14).
10. The method for measuring the temperature and the heat in the process of adsorbing and desorbing the coal bed gas by the coal body by adopting the system as claimed in claim 1 comprises the following steps: characterized in that the method comprises:
step 1, opening the oil pump (8) and the multi-way valve (9), introducing hydraulic oil into the first cavity (1) through the confining pressure hole (11) to carry out confining pressure loading, applying hydraulic oil into the second cavity (2) through the axial pressure hole (13), and upwards extruding the axial pressure head (6) by the hydraulic oil in the second cavity (2) to enable the upper pressure head (3) and the lower pressure head (4) to extrude the coal sample (5) to carry out axial pressure loading;
step 2, after the set confining pressure and the set axial pressure are reached, closing the multi-way valve (9) and the oil pump (8), opening the air inlet valve (17) and the high-pressure regulating valve (18), applying high-pressure gas to the coal sample (5) through the air inlet hole (15), loading pore pressure, adsorbing the high-pressure gas by the coal sample (5) under the action of the pore pressure, opening the broadband light source (19) while applying the pore pressure, and distributing optical signals sent by the broadband light source (19) into each optical fiber Bragg grating sensor through the optical fiber coupler (20);
step 3, in the adsorption process, the temperature of the coal sample (5) changes, each fiber Bragg grating sensor detects the temperature of the coal sample (5) in real time and generates a temperature change optical signal, the temperature change optical signal is reflected to the fiber coupler (20), and the fiber coupler (20) couples the temperature change optical signal reflected by each fiber Bragg grating sensor into a path of optical signal and then reflects the optical signal to the fiber demodulator (22);
step 4, the optical fiber regulator (22) tracks the fiber bragg grating resonance spectrum of each fiber bragg grating sensor in real time according to the received optical signal, performs full spectrum scanning and data acquisition on the fiber bragg grating resonance spectrum of each fiber bragg grating sensor, analyzes the fiber bragg grating spectrum change caused by temperature, obtains the absolute resonance spectrum peak wavelength of each fiber bragg grating sensor, and obtains the temperature value T measured by each fiber bragg grating sensor according to the linear corresponding relation between the resonance spectrum peak wavelength and the temperature1，T2，T3，…TnN is the number of detection points;
step 5, the optical fiber demodulator (22) measures the temperature value T of each optical fiber Bragg grating sensor1To TnSending the temperature value to the singlechip (28), and obtaining the average temperature T of the coal sample (5) at a certain moment j in the adsorption process by the singlechip (28) by taking the arithmetic mean value of n groups of temperature values measured at the moment jj，Then the change quantity delta T of the average temperature of the coal sample (5) between two instant moments j and j +1 is calculatedj，ΔTj＝Tj+1-TjAccording to the formula Δ Qj＝C·M·ΔTjObtaining the transient differential adsorption heat quantity delta Q of the coal bed gas adsorption process under the condition of triaxial stressjC is the specific heat capacity of the coal sample (5), M is the mass of the coal sample (5), and then all transient differential adsorption heat quantity delta Q is obtainedjThe adsorption heat Q in the whole process is obtained through summation, and the average temperature T of the coal sample (5) corresponding to each moment is displayed through the display screenjAnd displaying the adsorption heat Q in the whole adsorption process, and finishing the adsorption heat measurement;
step 6, closing the air inlet valve (17), opening the air outlet valve (27), instantly relieving pore pressure, and desorbing coal bed gas by the coal sample (5), wherein in the desorption process, the temperature of the coal sample (5) changes, each fiber Bragg grating sensor detects the temperature of the coal sample (5) in real time and generates a temperature change optical signal, and reflects the temperature change optical signal to the fiber coupler (20), and the fiber coupler (20) couples the temperature change optical signal reflected by each fiber Bragg grating sensor into a path of optical signal and then reflects the path of optical signal to the fiber demodulator (22);
step 7, the optical fiber demodulator (22) tracks the fiber bragg grating resonance spectrum of each fiber bragg grating sensor in real time according to the received optical signals, performs full spectrum scanning and data acquisition on the fiber bragg grating resonance spectrum of each fiber bragg grating sensor, analyzes the fiber bragg grating spectrum change caused by temperature, obtains the absolute resonance spectrum peak wavelength of each fiber bragg grating sensor, and obtains the temperature value T measured by each fiber bragg grating sensor according to the linear corresponding relation between the resonance spectrum peak wavelength and the temperature1'，T2'，T3'，…Tn', n is the number of detection points;
step 8, the optical fiber demodulator (22) measures the temperature value T of each optical fiber Bragg grating sensor1' to TnThe temperature is sent to the single chip microcomputer (28), and the single chip microcomputer (28) obtains the average temperature T of the coal sample (5) at a certain moment by taking the arithmetic mean value of n groups of temperature values measured by the single chip microcomputer (28) at the certain moment j in the desorption processj'，Then the change quantity delta T of the average temperature of the coal sample (5) between two instant moments j and j +1 is calculatedj'，ΔTj'＝Tj+1'-Tj', according to the formula Δ Qj'＝C·M·ΔTjObtaining the transient micro-decomposition heat absorption quantity delta Q of the coal bed gas adsorption process under the condition of triaxial stressj', C is the specific heat capacity of the coal sample (5), M is the mass of the coal sample (5), and the heat absorption quantity delta Q of all transient micro-decompositionj'summing to obtain the desorption heat Q' of the whole desorption process, and displaying the average temperature T of the coal sample (5) corresponding to each moment in the desorption process through the display screenj'and the heat of desorption Q' for the entire desorption process are shown and the heat of desorption measurement is complete.
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