CN108119142A - "-three-two subregions of band of five figures " water-protection coal-mining method - Google Patents
"-three-two subregions of band of five figures " water-protection coal-mining method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of " five figures, three band, two subregion " water-protection coal-mining methods, by analyzing Mine Area Engineering and the data target in hydrogeologic data, determine overlying strata categories subarea figure, bedrock thickness isogram, aquifer water well block plan, impermeable layer thickness isogram and coal seam thickness isogram (referred to as " five figures "), caving zone under the conditions of different overlying strata categories subareas coal seam is adopted entirely is calculated according to " five figures ", the height of water flowing fractured zone and protection band height (referred to as " three bands "), in combination with bedrock thickness, impermeable layer thickness and aquifer water well, it determines to mine to underground water influence degree subregion and water protection mining adaptability of technology subregion (referred to as " two subregions ").This method provides a set of brand-new, comprehensive and systematic research method for water protection mining, and this method makes water protection mining research flow more specification, highly practical and easy to operate, should be readily appreciated that and promotes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal mining, in particular to a coal seam water-retention mining method.
Background
The northwest region is the main production area of Chinese coal resources. However, the northwest region has drought climate and water resource shortage, which only accounts for 3.9% of the national water resource, loose soil structure, low vegetation coverage, strong sand wind activity and serious land desertification. Shallow groundwater is used as an important water source for vegetation in northwest regions, and is easy to leak due to coal mining, so that the local fragile ecological environment is further deteriorated. Therefore, attention must be paid to environmental protection, especially protection of water resources, while coal mining.
The concept of water-retaining coal mining is formed at the end of the last century, and through years of research, water-retaining coal mining achieves certain effect, and a water-retaining coal mining technical system aiming at protecting ecological water level is formed preliminarily. However, as experts and scholars for researching water-retaining coal mining are in different professional fields such as mining, mechanics, environmental ecology and the like, the research methods are different from the emphasis points, and finally the evaluation standard of the mining influence degree of underground water is different from the selection principle of the water-retaining coal mining method, a set of comprehensive, systematic and normative research method is not provided in the water-retaining coal mining research field at present.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of different research methods and different emphasis in the current water-retention coal mining research field, the invention provides an effective water-retention coal mining method of five diagrams, three zones and two zones, which has more purposeful data collection, more scientific calculation process, more systematic judgment on the mining influence degree of underground water, more credible analysis on the applicability of the water-retention coal mining method and more standard process of the whole method.
The water-retaining coal mining method of five figures, three zones and two zones comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: analyzing data indexes in mining engineering and hydrogeological data, wherein the data indexes comprise overburden lithology (mudstone, sandstone, conglomerate and the like), stratum combination (different combinations of bedrock, a water-resisting layer and a water-bearing layer), bedrock thickness drilling data, water-bearing layer permeability, water-bearing layer drilling unit water inflow, water-resisting layer thickness drilling data, water-resisting capacity (judged by a water-resisting evaluation coefficient, the clay with the best water-resisting property is 1, and other lithologic water-resisting evaluation coefficients are less than 1) and coal seam thickness drilling data;
step two: determining a overburden type partition map, a bedrock thickness contour map, a water-rich zone map of a water-bearing stratum, a water-resisting stratum thickness contour map and a coal seam thickness contour map according to the data indexes in the step one;
step three: according to the combination relation of the lithologic character and the ground layer of each subarea of the overburden type subarea chart, combining the development rules of the caving zone and the water flowing fractured zone under different overburden lithologic characters and ground layer combination conditions and the principle of reserving a protective zone, integrating the actual measurement data of the development heights of the caving zone and the water flowing fractured zone of the mining area, and determining the height of the caving zone of each subareaHeight of water-flowing fractured zoneAnd height of protective tapeWherein M is the mining height, H g Is the thickness of the water barrier layer, mu g And mu j Water-barrier evaluation coefficients, k, for the water-barrier layer and the bedrock, respectively k 、b k 、k d 、b d And k b The coefficients related to geological conditions of the mining area and occurrence of coal seams;
step four: the method is characterized by combining the relative relation among a caving zone, a water diversion fracture zone and a protective zone with the thickness of bedrock and the thickness of a water-resisting layer under the condition of full mining of each subarea coal seam, and dividing the influence degree of coal mining on water resources into an extremely serious influence area, a medium influence area, a weak influence area and an unaffected area, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps of:
a. according to the contour map of the coal seam thickness, the coal seam thickness H is measured m Substituting the mining height M into the calculation formula in the third step to obtain the height of the caving zone of the coal seam under the full mining conditionHeight of water-flowing fractured zoneAnd height of protective tape
b. Determining the thickness H of the bedrock between the coal bed and the aquifer according to the contour map of the bedrock thickness and the contour map of the water-resisting layer thickness j And a water barrier thickness H g ；
c. Height H of caving zone under condition of full mining of each subarea coal seam k Height H of water flowing fractured zone d Height H of protective belt b Thickness H of bed rock j Thickness H of water-barrier layer g The relative relation of (2) and the mining influence degree on the underground water are combined with a judgment standard for distinguishing the influence degree of the mining on the underground water, and an extremely serious influence area, a medium influence area, a weak influence area and a no influence area of the mining influence degree on the underground water are determined, specifically:
when the coal seam is covered with bedrock thickness and water-resisting layer thickness&(lt) when the height of the caving zone plus the height of the protective zone is higher, water inrush and sand collapse are caused by coal mining, and the coal mining is determined to be a very serious influence area of the influence degree of mining on underground water, namely H j +H g <H k +H b Dividing into extremely serious influence areas;
when the height of the caving zone, the height of the protective zone and the thickness of the overlying bedrock of the coal bed are respectively less than or equal to the height of the water-conducting fracture zone, the water-conducting fracture enters the aquifer to drain the groundwater of the aquifer, and the protective zone can only play a role in preventing the sand bursting and is determined as a serious influence area of the influence degree of mining on the groundwater, namely H k +H b ≤H j +H g ≤H d Dividing into serious influence areas;
as height of water-flowing fractured zone&(lt) thickness of overlying bedrock and thickness of water-resisting layer on coal bed&When the height of the water flowing fractured zone and the height of the protective zone are the same, a complete rock stratum with a certain thickness still exists between the mining overburden water flowing fractured zone and the aquifer, but the rock stratum cannot completely prevent the aquifer from downwards permeating, so that part of water resources are lost, and the area where part of the water resources are lost due to the mining of the coal is determined as a medium influence area of the mining on the influence degree of the underground water, namely H d <H j +H g <H d +H b Dividing into medium influence areas;
when the coal seam is coveredWhen the thickness of the bedrock and the thickness of the water-resisting layer are more than or equal to the height of the water-flowing fracture zone and the height of the protective zone, after coal mining, a complete rock stratum which is thick enough and has good water-resisting performance exists between the water-flowing fracture and the aquifer, water resources of the aquifer basically cannot be lost due to coal mining, and the water resources are determined as a weak influence area of mining on the influence degree of underground water, namely H j +H g ≥H d +H b Dividing the image into weak influence areas;
when no aquifer is distributed or the aquifer is small in thickness and has no ecological value and water supply significance, the region is determined as an unaffected region of the influence degree of mining on the underground water;
in the research of the water-retention coal mining method of ' five diagrams, three zones and two subareas ', the fact that the influence of water-retention coal mining on underground water mining is determined according to whether the mining overburden destruction degree and the destruction height are affected by a water-bearing stratum or not, the size relation between the thickness of the three zones ' such as the mining overburden caving zone, the water guide fracture zone development height, the height of a water-retention coal mining protective zone and the thickness of a bed rock and the water-bearing stratum is used as a main judgment basis for the mining influence degree of the underground water, the concept is visual and is easier to understand, the concept and the theory of the ' three zones ' are accepted by ' building, water body, railway and main roadway coal pillar reservation and coal pressing mining specification ', the theoretical basis has the advantages that the experimental method and the detection means for judging the needed data of the ' three zones ' height, the bed rock, the water-bearing stratum thickness and the like are mature, the judgment method is strong in practicability, the judgment implementation only needs to compare the size relation between the ' three zones ' height, the bed rock, the water-bearing stratum thickness and the like, and the size relation are easy to accept and popularize;
step five: and analyzing the application conditions of the height-limited water-retention coal mining technology, the filling water-retention coal mining technology and the local filling water-retention coal mining technology, and dividing the application areas of the three water-retention coal mining technologies by combining the calculation formulas of the caving zone height, the water-flowing fractured zone height and the protective zone height of each subarea determined in the step three.
And step two, obtaining a bed rock type partition map according to the combination relation of the bed rock lithology and the ground layer, obtaining a bed rock thickness contour map according to bed rock thickness drilling data, obtaining a water-bearing zone water-rich partition map according to the water-bearing layer thickness, the permeability and the unit water inflow, obtaining a water-bearing layer thickness contour map by converting according to the water-bearing layer thickness and the water-bearing capacity, and obtaining a coal layer thickness contour map according to the coal layer thickness drilling data.
In the fifth step, the applicable conditions of the height-limiting water-retaining coal mining technology are M c ≥M k Wherein M is c The maximum allowable mining height is the theoretical maximum allowable mining height, namely the maximum mining height under the premise of guaranteeing water-retaining coal mining, is related to the mining area engineering, hydrogeological conditions and coal bed occurrence conditions, M k The minimum economic mining height of the coal bed, namely the maximum mining height on the premise of ensuring the profitability of the coal mine, is related to mining area engineering, hydrogeological conditions, coal bed occurrence conditions, coal mine technical equipment level and coal market economic conditions; the applicable condition of the filling water-retaining coal mining technology is H m (1-k)≤M c Wherein H is m The actual thickness of the coal seam is adopted, and k is the filling rate of the full filling of the coal seam; the application conditions of the partial filling water-retaining coal mining technology are as follows (H) j +H g -H b )/H d Not less than l, wherein, H j Thickness of bedrock between coal seam and aquifer, H g Thickness of the water barrier layer, H b And H d Respectively fully exploiting coal seams (namely the mining height is H) m ) The height of the protective zone and the height of the water-flowing fractured zone under the condition, wherein l is the ratio of the height of the water-flowing fractured zone of the normal stope section to the height of the water-flowing fractured zone of the primary pressure area of the working surface and the height of the water-flowing fractured zone of the primary pressure area of the basic roof.
Calculation formula of height of water flowing fractured zoneObtain its inverse functionIf the water-retaining coal mining is to be realized, the influence degree of the mining on the underground water is controlled in a weak influence area, namely H j +H g ≥H d +H b At critical conditions, there areSubstituting into formulaObtaining the theoretical maximum allowable mining height under the water retention coal mining condition:
wherein, W 1 ＝100μ g -μ g k d H j -μ g k d H g +b d k b ，W 2 ＝100μ j -μ j k d H j -μ g k d H g +b d k b 。
In addition, for some small and medium-scale mines (less than 0.9 Mt/a) or mines with irregular mine area boundaries, narrow-strip water-retention mining can be considered, coal beds to be mined are divided into strip shapes according to information data of five figures, one strip is mined and reserved, the reserved strip coal pillars can support overlying strata, the overlying strata are enabled to move and deform slightly and uniformly relative to full mining, therefore, a water-resisting layer structure is protected from being damaged due to mining, and water-retention coal mining is realized.
Has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides an effective water-retaining coal mining method with five diagrams, three zones and two partitions, which has the advantages of more purposeful data collection, more scientific calculation process, more systematic judgment on the mining influence degree of underground water, more credible analysis on the applicability of the water-retaining coal mining method, more standard process of the whole method, strong practicability, simple and convenient operation and easy understanding and popularization.
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FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
An embodiment of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
1) According to the data indexes in engineering and hydrogeological data of a mine area as an embodiment, a 'five-map' is determined: obtaining a bedrock type partition map according to the combination relation of bedrock lithology and a ground layer, obtaining a bedrock thickness contour map according to drilling data, obtaining a water-bearing zone water-rich partition map according to the water-bearing layer thickness, permeability and water inflow, obtaining a water-bearing layer thickness contour map according to the conversion of the water-bearing layer thickness and water-bearing capacity, and obtaining a coal seam thickness contour map according to the drilling data;
2) Determining that the thickness of the bedrock in the mine area is H according to the bedrock thickness contour map, the water-resisting layer thickness contour map and the coal seam thickness contour map j The thickness of the water-proof layer is H g Coal seam thickness of H m ；
3) According to the combination relation of the lithology and the ground layer of each subarea of the overburden type subarea chart, combining the development rules of the caving zone and the water-flowing fractured zone under different overburden lithology and ground layer combination conditions and the principle of reserving a protective zone, integrating the actual measurement data of the caving zone and the water-flowing fractured zone development height of other mining areas under the mining area and similar geological conditions, and determining the height calculation formula of each subarea caving zoneCalculation formula for height of water flowing fractured zoneSum guard band height calculation formulaWherein M is the mining height, H g Is the thickness of the water barrier layer, mu g And mu j Water-barrier evaluation coefficients, k, for the water-barrier layer and the bedrock, respectively k 、b k 、k d 、b d And k b The coefficients related to geological conditions of the mining area and occurrence of coal seams;
4) The thickness of the water-resisting layer in the mining area is H g The thickness of the coal seam is H m . Let H g ＝H g ，M＝H m Substituting the above formula to obtain the coal of the mining areaHeight of caving zone under full-layer mining conditionHeight of water-flowing fractured zoneAnd height of protective tape
5) And determining the influence degree subarea of mining on the underground water. Determining the height H of the caving zone of the coal seam of the mining area under the full mining condition through the steps k Height H of water flowing fractured zone d Height H of protective belt b Thickness H of bed rock j Thickness H of water-barrier layer g Determining five areas of an extremely serious influence area, a medium influence area, a weak influence area and a non-influence area of the influence degree of coal mining on the underground water by combining the relative relation of the mining on the underground water according to a regional judgment standard of the influence degree of the mining on the underground water;
regional judgment standard for influence degree of mining on underground water
6) Determining the applicability subarea of the water-retaining coal mining technology, taking the height-limiting water-retaining coal mining technology, the filling water-retaining coal mining technology, the local filling water-retaining coal mining technology and the narrow-strip water-retaining coal mining technology as examples, the method comprises the following steps:
a. the height-limited mining water-retention coal mining technology is a coal mining method for realizing water-retention mining by limiting the actual mining height of a working face coal seam and reducing the moving deformation of overlying strata in a partial mining mode,
(1) calculation formula of height of water flowing fractured zoneObtain its inverse function
(2) If the water-retaining coal mining is to be realized, the influence degree of the mining on the underground water is controlled in a weak influence area, namely H j +H g ≥H d +H b For this mining area, the critical conditions areSubstitution formulaObtaining the theoretical maximum allowable mining height under the water retention coal mining condition:
wherein, W 1 ＝100μ g -μ g k d H j -μ g k d H g +b d k b ，W 2 ＝100μ j -μ j k d H j -μ g k d H g +b d k b ；
(3) Determining the minimum economic mining height M of the coal bed of the mining area according to mining area engineering and hydrogeological conditions, coal bed occurrence conditions, coal mine technical equipment level and coal market economic conditions k If M is present c ≥M k Then, the height-limited water-retention coal mining technology can be adopted, and the mining height is limited to M c 。
b. The filling mining water-retaining coal mining technology is a coal mining method which replaces coal bodies with filling bodies to support a top plate instead of the coal bodies so as to control the movement and deformation of an overlying rock stratum and protect a water-resisting layer from being influenced by mining, thereby realizing water-retaining mining,
(1) the filling rate k of the full filling of the coal seam is obtained from the ratio of the pressure time volume of the filling body to the volume of the mining space after the overburden movement is stable, and the equivalent mining height under the condition of full mining and full filling of the coal seam is H m (1-k) wherein H m The thickness of the coal bed;
(2) computing height of water flowing fractured zoneFormula (II)Obtain its inverse function
(3) If the water-retaining coal mining is to be realized, the influence degree of the mining on the underground water is controlled in a weak influence area, namely H j +H g ≥H d +H b . For the local mining area, the critical conditions areSubstitution formulaObtaining the theoretical maximum allowable mining height under the water-retaining coal mining condition:
wherein, W 1 ＝100μ g -μ g k d H j -μ g k d H g +b d k b ，W 2 ＝100μ j -μ j k d H j -μ g k d H g +b d k b ；
(5) When the equivalent mining height is not more than the theoretical maximum allowable mining height, i.e. H m (1-k)≤M c In the case of (A), a filling water-retaining coal mining technology can be adopted, and the minimum filling height is (H) m -M c )/k。
c. The height of the water flowing fractured zone of the normal stope section is lower than that of the working surface open-off cut and the primary pressure area of the basic roof. The local filling water-retaining coal mining technology is a water-retaining coal mining technology which reduces the height of a water-flowing fractured zone by filling a working face open cut hole and a basic top primary pressure area,
(1) obtaining the ratio l (0 & ltl & lt 1) of the height of the water-flowing fractured zone of the normal stope section to the height of the water-flowing fractured zone of the working face open-off cut and the primary pressure area of the basic roof from the actual measurement data of the mining area;
(2) if the water-retaining coal mining is to be realized, the influence degree of the mining on the underground water is controlled in a weak influence area, namely H j +H g ≥H d +H b When critical conditions are taken, there areLet M = H m Substituting the formula into the formula to obtain the maximum value of the development height of the water-flowing fractured zone under the precondition that the water-retaining coal mining of the mining area is realized
(3) Under the precondition of realizing water retention coal mining in the mining area, the maximum value of the development height of the water-flowing fractured zoneHeight of water-flowing fractured zone under condition of full mining with coal seamThe ratio of (A) to (B) is not less than 1, i.e.In the case of (3), a partial filling water-retention coal mining technique may be adopted.
d. Narrow-strip mining divides the coal seam area to be mined into strip shapes, and one strip is mined and the other strip is reserved. The remaining strip coal pillar can support the overlying strata, so that the overlying strata moves and deforms slightly and uniformly relative to the full mining, thereby protecting the water-resisting layer structure from being damaged by mining, realizing water-retaining coal mining,
(1) because the strip coal pillar supporting the overlying strata fails for a long time, potential safety hazards exist in the goaf. Therefore, in a mining area with a thin coal seam and a small mining scale (less than 0.9 Mt/a), narrow strip mining can be considered;
(2) because the mining working face of the narrow strip is flexibly arranged, if an irregular boundary exists in a mining area, mining can be carried out by adopting the narrow strip in the boundary area.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
- A water-retaining coal mining method of 'five figures-three zones-two zones' is characterized by comprising the following steps:the method comprises the following steps: analyzing data indexes in the mining area engineering and hydrogeological data, wherein the data indexes comprise overburden lithology, stratum combination type, bedrock thickness drilling data, aquifer permeability, aquifer drilling unit water inflow, aquifer thickness drilling data, water-resisting capacity and coal seam thickness drilling data;step two: determining a overburden type partition map, a bedrock thickness contour map, a water-rich zone map of a water-bearing stratum, a water-resisting stratum thickness contour map and a coal seam thickness contour map according to the data indexes in the step one;step three: according to the combination relation of the lithology and the ground layer of each subarea of the lithology type subarea diagram, combining the development rules of the caving zone and the water-flowing fractured zone under different lithology and ground layer combination conditions and the principle of reserving a protective zone, integrating the actual measurement data of the development heights of the caving zone and the water-flowing fractured zone of the mining area, and determining the height of the caving zone of each subareaHeight of water-flowing fractured zoneAnd height of protective tapeWherein M is the mining height, H g Is the thickness of the water barrier layer, mu g And mu j Water-barrier evaluation coefficients, k, for the water-barrier and the bedrock, respectively k 、b k 、k d 、b d And k b Coefficients relating to geological conditions of the mining area and occurrence of the coal seam;step four: the method is characterized by combining the relative relation among a caving zone, a water diversion fracture zone and a protective zone with the thickness of bedrock and the thickness of a water-resisting layer under the condition of full mining of each subarea coal seam, and dividing the influence degree of coal mining on water resources into an extremely serious influence area, a medium influence area, a weak influence area and an unaffected area, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps of:a. according to the contour map of the coal seam thickness, the coal seam thickness H is measured m Substituting the mining height M into the calculation formula in the third step to obtain the height of the caving zone of the coal seam under the full mining conditionHeight of water-flowing fractured zoneAnd height of protective tapeb. Determining the thickness H of the bedrock between the coal bed and the aquifer according to the contour map of the bedrock thickness and the contour map of the water-resisting layer thickness j And thickness H of water barrier layer g ；c. Height H of caving zone under condition of full mining of each subarea coal seam k Height H of water-flowing fractured zone d Height H of protective belt b Thickness H of bed rock j Thickness H of water barrier layer g The relative relation of the coal mining area and the underground water influence degree is determined by combining the mining influence degree zoning judgment standard, and an extremely serious influence area, a medium influence area, a weak influence area and a no influence area of the coal mining influence degree on the underground water are determined, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:when the coal seam is covered with bedrock thickness and water-resisting layer thickness&(lt) when the height of the caving zone plus the height of the protective zone is higher, water inrush and sand collapse are caused by coal mining, and the coal mining is determined to be a very serious influence area of the influence degree of mining on underground water, namely H j +H g <H k +H b Dividing the data into extremely serious influence areas;when the height of the caving zone and the height of the protective zone are not more than the thickness of the overlying bedrock of the coal bed and the thickness of the water-resisting layer are not more than the height of the water-flowing fractured zone, the water-flowing fractures enter the aquifer to drain the groundwater of the aquifer, and the protective zone can only play a role in preventing the sand bursting and is determined as a serious influence area of the influence degree of mining on the groundwater, namely H k +H b ≤H j +H g ≤H d Dividing into serious influence areas;as height of water-flowing fractured zone&(lt) thickness of overlying bedrock and thickness of water-resisting layer on coal bed&When the height of the water flowing fractured zone and the height of the protective zone are the same, a complete rock stratum with a certain thickness still exists between the mining overburden water flowing fractured zone and the aquifer, but the rock stratum cannot completely prevent the aquifer from downwards permeating, so that part of water resources are lost, and the area where part of the water resources are lost due to the mining of the coal is determined as a medium influence area of the mining on the influence degree of the underground water, namely H d <H j +H g <H d +H b Dividing into medium influence areas;when the thickness of the overlying bedrock and the thickness of the water-resisting layer of the coal bed are more than or equal to the height of the water-flowing fracture zone and the height of the protective zone, after coal mining, a complete rock stratum which is thick enough and good in water-resisting performance exists between the water-flowing fracture and the water-containing layer, water resources of the water-containing layer basically cannot be lost due to coal mining, and the water resources are determined as a weak influence area of mining on the influence degree of underground water, namely H j +H g ≥H d +H b Dividing the image into weak influence areas;when no aquifer is distributed, or the thickness of the aquifer is smaller, and no ecological value and no water supply significance are provided, the area is determined as a non-influence area of the influence degree of mining on the underground water;step five: and dividing the application areas of the three water-retention coal mining technologies according to the application conditions of the height-limiting water-retention coal mining technology, the filling water-retention coal mining technology and the local filling water-retention coal mining technology and by combining the calculation formulas of the caving zone height, the water-diversion fissure zone height and the protection zone height of each subarea determined in the step three.
- 2. The water-retaining coal mining method of claim 1, wherein in the second step, a overburden type zone map is obtained according to the combination relation of overburden lithology and stratum, a basement thickness contour map is obtained according to basement thickness drilling data, a water-bearing zone water-enriched zone map is obtained according to water-bearing layer thickness, permeability and unit water inflow, a water-bearing layer thickness contour map is obtained according to water-bearing layer thickness and water-resisting capability through conversion, and a coal seam thickness contour map is obtained according to coal seam thickness drilling data.
- 3. The water-retaining coal mining method of claim 1, wherein in the step five, the application condition of the height-limiting water-retaining coal mining technology is M c ≥M k Wherein M is c The maximum allowable mining height is the theoretical maximum, namely the maximum mining height under the premise of guaranteeing water conservation and coal mining, M k The minimum economic mining height of the coal seam is the maximum mining height on the premise of ensuring the profitability of the coal mine; the applicable condition of the filling water-retaining coal mining technology is H m (1-k)≤M c Wherein H is m The actual thickness of the coal seam is adopted, and k is the filling rate of the full filling of the coal seam; the application conditions of the partial filling water-retaining coal mining technology are as follows (H) j +H g -H b )/H d Not less than l, wherein, H j Is the thickness of bedrock between the coal seam and the aquifer, H g Thickness of the water barrier layer, H b And H d Respectively fully mining the coal seam (the mining height is H) m ) The height of the protective zone and the height of the water-flowing fractured zone under the condition, wherein l is the ratio of the height of the water-flowing fractured zone of the normal stope section to the height of the water-flowing fractured zone of the primary pressure area of the working surface and the height of the water-flowing fractured zone of the primary pressure area of the basic roof.
- 4. The water-retaining coal mining method of claim 3, wherein the water-retaining coal mining method is characterized by using a calculation formula of the height of the water-flowing fractured zoneObtain its inverse functionIf the water-retaining coal mining is to be realized, the influence degree of the mining on the underground water is controlled in a weak influence area, namely H j +H g ≥H d +H b When critical conditions are taken, there areSubstitution formulaObtaining the theoretical maximum allowable mining height M under the condition of water retention coal mining c ：Wherein, W 1 ＝100μ g -μ g k d H j -μ g k d H g +b d k b ，W 2 ＝100μ j -μ j k d H j -μ g k d H g +b d k b 。
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