CN108118318A - A kind of nanochemistry coating and its preparation method and application - Google Patents
A kind of nanochemistry coating and its preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN108118318A CN108118318A CN201611066573.XA CN201611066573A CN108118318A CN 108118318 A CN108118318 A CN 108118318A CN 201611066573 A CN201611066573 A CN 201611066573A CN 108118318 A CN108118318 A CN 108118318A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/1601—Process or apparatus
- C23C18/1633—Process of electroless plating
- C23C18/1646—Characteristics of the product obtained
- C23C18/165—Multilayered product
- C23C18/1651—Two or more layers only obtained by electroless plating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/48—Coating with alloys
- C23C18/50—Coating with alloys with alloys based on iron, cobalt or nickel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
- F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
- F28F21/089—Coatings, claddings or bonding layers made from metals or metal alloys
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2245/00—Coatings; Surface treatments
- F28F2245/04—Coatings; Surface treatments hydrophobic
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemically Coating (AREA)
- Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of nanochemistry coating and its preparation method and application, including the substrate layer, the first coating and the second coating being sequentially arranged, first coating is Cu layers of Ni P；Second coating is Ni P Cu TiO2Layer, the TiO along substrate layer to the direction on the second coating surface layer2Concentration increases to 3 ~ 7% by zero, and linearly increases.The nanochemistry coating is base material layer surface after the pre-treatment successively by each coating chemical plating, TiO2Concentration linearly increases.The nanochemistry coating of the present invention can be applied to heat exchanger, as surface condensation heat transfer coating.The TiO contained in its coating2So that coating surface is hydrophobic, the heat exchange efficiency of heat transmission equipment, TiO are improved2The linear increase of concentration is so that TiO2Particle increases with the combination power between matrix surface, reduces the internal stress of plating interlayer, improves wear-resisting, the anti-corrosion capability of coating, and coating is not easily to fall off.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of nanochemistry coating, and dropwise condensation is realized simultaneously on condensation heat transfer surface more particularly, to one kind
Coating with scale inhibition function, belongs to field of surface engineering technique.
Background technology
The equipment of condensation heat transfer, such as plant condenser, widely there are the problems such as exchange capability of heat deficiency, dirt deposition.
Exchange capability of heat deficiency is limited since film condensation thermal resistance is larger, and liquid film spreads over heat transfer sheet during film condensation
Very big thermal resistance is caused in face, is dropwise condensation with the corresponding condensation heat transfer mode of film condensation, and during dropwise condensation, condensation water exists
Heat exchange surface forms drop one by one, and thermal resistance is small, and heat transfer coefficient is big.Realize that the approach of dropwise condensation obtains the heat exchange of low-surface-energy
Face, current main method have electroplate precious metal, surface coating organic accelerator, molecular self-assembled monolayer etc..Various methods all can
There are different problems, and electroplate precious metal is expensive, and organic accelerator, molecular self-assembled monolayer and basal body binding force are poor, cause
Coating life is short.
On heat transmission equipment surface, some dirts, such as calcium ion, magnesium ion, heat exchange surface can be deposited on, generally, these
Dirt heat transfer coefficient is relatively low, can increase heat exchanged thermoresistance, relatively low heat transmission equipment heat exchange efficiency, and dirt can reduce fluid flow face
Product increases equipment pressure drop, and fluid transport equipment energy consumption is caused to increase.The existing method for solving the problems, such as this has addition chemical scale-inhibiting
Agent, mechanical cleaning apply the methods of magnetic field.But still there are some problems for existing method.Addition chemical scale-inhibitor can cause
Pollution, mechanical cleaning and application methods of magnetic field can increase equipment energy consumption, and effect also is difficult to ensure.
Ni-P, Ni-Cu-P etc. are the chemical deposit of basic ingredient because it is with high rigidity, high-wearing feature and excellent against corrosion
Property, the protection of the materials such as steel, copper, plastics, ceramics and decoration aspect have been widely used in, has been a kind of extremely promising novel surface
Strengthening material.In the prior art, chemical deposit is applied to many fields.
Chinese patent " aluminum products surface Ni-Cu-P/ nano-TiOs2The preparation method of chemical composite plating "（Application number：
CN201010228626.X）It proposes a kind of method, individual layer Ni-Cu-P/ nano-TiOs is prepared in Mg alloy surface2Ni-P
Layer, utilizes TiO2Characteristic promotes coating antibacterial functions.
Chinese patent " aluminum products and preparation method thereof "（Application number：CN201110403314.2）It is proposed a kind of method,
Aluminium gold metal surface prepares Ni-Cu-P/Ni-P bilayer coating, realizes electro-magnetic screen function and anti-corrosion function.
Chinese patent " a kind of corrosion protection abrasion resistant material of band Ni-Cu-P-TiN load coating and preparation method thereof "（Application number：
CN201410481915.9）It proposes a kind of method, tri- stratification of Ni-P/Ni-Cu-P/Ni-Cu-P-TiN is prepared in metal surface
Composite deposite for improving the wear-resisting and anti-corrosion ability of metal surface, improves coating blade performance.
Above three patent obtains the chemical plating with different characteristics using different formulas and different preparation methods
Layer.But strengthening dropwise condensation, condensation heat transfer field, do not conduct a research.
Chinese patent " a kind of reinforced by nanoparticles composite deposite for realizing dropwise condensation heat transfer "（Application number：
CN102134711A）It is proposed a kind of method, this method is in metal surface generation Amorphous Ni-P Alloy-SiO2Composite chemical coating, shape
Thickness into coating is 20 ~ 30 μm, and surface can be 25 ~ 30mN/m.Chemical plating is applied to enhanced heat exchange field by the patent, strong
There is preferable effect in terms of changing condensation heat transfer.But kind preparation method SiO2And the combination power of matrix is weaker, and coating easily comes off.
Lack the research to the anti-scale prevention ability of the coating simultaneously.
Therefore, a kind of reduction heat exchanger surface water condensation is lacked in existing electroless plating techniques and there is scale inhibition work(simultaneously
The material of energy.
The content of the invention
To solve to lack a kind of change that can reduce heat exchanger surface water condensation and there is scale inhibition function simultaneously in the prior art
Coating material is learned, the present invention provides a kind of nanochemistry coating, including a nano-deposit, adds in TiO2To Ni-P-Cu coating
In material, the coating of surface hydrophobicity is formed, effectively reduces heat exchanger surface water condensation and scale inhibition.
Technical scheme is as follows：
The technical purpose of first aspect present invention is to provide a kind of nanochemistry coating, including be sequentially arranged substrate layer, first
Coating and the second coating, first coating are Ni-P-Cu layers；Second coating is Ni-P-Cu-TiO2Layer, along substrate layer
TiO on to the direction on the second coating surface layer2Concentration increases to 3 ~ 7% by zero, and linearly increases.
In above-mentioned nanochemistry coating, the TiO2Concentration, which linearly increases, to be referred in Ni-P-Cu-TiO2The thickness of layer
In the range of, by the one side that it is contacted with Ni-P-Cu layers to the direction of coating surface, TiO2Concentration is at the uniform velocity to increase substantially,
Concentration-thickness relationship may be non-critical linear, as long as and do not occur big concentration tomography, TiO2The linear increasing of concentration
It is to ensure the combination power in two plating interlayers and the second coating to add, and big concentration tomography is easy to cause plating interlayer and plating
Layer internal bond weakens, and influences its performance.
In above-mentioned nanochemistry coating, the thickness of second coating is 20 ~ 60 μm, is preferably 20 ~ 40 μm.
In above-mentioned nanochemistry coating, based on mass percentage, P is that 8 ~ 12%, Cu is 4 ~ 6% in the second coating,
TiO2Concentration for 1 ~ 5%, be preferably 2 ~ 4%, remaining as Ni.
In above-mentioned nanochemistry coating, the thickness of first coating is 10 ~ 20m, is preferably 10 ~ 15 μm, by quality
Percentage composition meter, P is that 8 ~ 12%, Cu is 4 ~ 6% in Ni-P-Cu layers, remaining as Ni.
In above-mentioned nanochemistry coating, as it is further preferably, the substrate layer in steel or alloy one
Kind, the alloy is magnesium alloy, aluminium alloy or titanium alloy.
The technical purpose of another aspect of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of above-mentioned nanochemistry coating, including following step
Suddenly：Substrate surface is pre-processed, is sequentially placed into plating solution A, plating solution B and implements chemical plating, be respectively formed in base material layer surface
First coating and the second coating obtain the nanochemistry coating；
The plating solution A includes following components：
NiSO4 25~35g/L
CuSO4 0.3~0.6g/L
NaH2PO2 15~25g/L
CH3COONa 15~20g/L
15 ~ 20g/L of citric acid
KIO3 15~25mg/L
0.2 ~ 0.4mg/L of surfactant
Ce(SO4)2 0~0.1mg/L
Plating solution B includes following components：
NiSO4 25~35g/L
CuSO4 0.3~0.6g/L
NaH2PO2 25~45g/L
CH3COONa 15~20g/L
15 ~ 20g/L of citric acid
KIO3 15~25mg/L
0.2 ~ 0.4mg/L of surfactant
Ce(SO4)2 0~0.1mg/L
The TiO disperseed with ethyl alcohol is further included in plating solution B2, use plating solution B carry out chemical plating when, according to setting electroless plating time,
TiO is at the uniform velocity added into plating solution B2, its concentration is made to reach 5 ~ 12g/L when chemical plating is completed, is preferably 7 ~ 10 g/L.
In above-mentioned preparation method, the TiO2To be anatase structured, granular size is 10 ~ 20nm.The TiO2Particle is first
It adds in the ethanol solution containing surfactant, ultrasonic disperse obtains TiO2Suspension is added into plating solution.
In above-mentioned preparation method, implement the temperature of chemical plating as 70 ~ 80 DEG C, adjustment pH value is 4~5, each plating
Time is 20 ~ 120min, is preferably 20 ~ 80min.
In above-mentioned preparation method, the surfactant is n-octyl sodium sulphate.
In above-mentioned preparation method, the pretreatment of substrate surface includes：Base material is polished successively, is washed, aqueous slkali
Impregnate oil removing, acid solution impregnating active and washing process again.
In above-mentioned preparation method, when being pre-processed to substrate surface, the composition of the aqueous slkali is：NaOH 20~
30g/L, Na2CO320 ~ 25g/L, Na3PO44 ~ 6mol/L of 35 ~ 40g/L, OP-10.Base material impregnates oil removing in aqueous slkali
Time is 20 ~ 40min, and temperature is 70 ~ 80 DEG C.
In above-mentioned preparation method, when being pre-processed to substrate surface, time of acid solution impregnating active is 30s, institute
State the H that acid solution is 8 ~ 12%2SO4Solution.
The technical purpose of further aspect of the present invention is the application for providing the nanochemistry coating, chemistry of the present invention
Coating can be applied to heat exchanger, as surface condensation heat transfer coating.The nanochemistry coating of the present invention is amorphous state low-surface-energy
Interface and contain nano-TiO2, there is hydrophobic effect so that condensation water will not form drop in its surface spreading, reduce liquid film
The thermal resistance brought improves heat exchange efficiency, and dirt can come off in time, has good scale inhibition function, can also improve heat exchange effect
Rate improves the equipment cycle of operation.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are embodied in：
（1）Using composite chemical electroplating method Ni-P-Cu layers and Ni-P-Cu-TiO are prepared in metal substrate surface2Coating, in matrix
Surface forms amorphous state low-surface-energy interface so that during condensation heat transfer, condensation water will not spread over heat exchange surface, but be formed
Liquid pearl can reduce the heat exchanged thermoresistance that liquid film is brought with efficient hardening dropwise condensation, heat exchange efficiency be improved, at the same time, in coating
The metallic elements thermal conductivity factor such as Cu is big, the extra thermal resistance very little that coating is brought, and generally speaking, improves the heat exchange effect of heat transmission equipment
Rate, can be energy saving, reduces heat transmission equipment size.
（2）Ni-P-Cu-TiO2Contain anatase shape nano-TiO in layer2So that this coating has strong-hydrophobicity, moisture
Son is difficult moistening coating surface, it is also difficult to form dirt, the adhesive force between dirt and coating surface is low, it is easy to it comes off, therefore,
The Ni-P-Cu/Ni-P-Cu-TiO of preparation2Coating has good scale effect, can help heat transmission equipment long-term operation, and
Keep good heat exchange efficiency.
（3）The Ni-P-Cu layers of the present invention arrive Ni-P-Cu-TiO2Layer uses TiO2Increasing concentration formula is excessive, can enhance
TiO2Particle reduces the internal stress of plating interlayer, improves wear-resisting, the anti-corrosion capability of coating, plate with the combination power between matrix surface
Layer is not easily to fall off.
Specific embodiment
Describe the specific embodiment of the present invention in detail below in conjunction with technical solution.It is it should be appreciated that described herein
Specific embodiment be merely to illustrate and explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the invention.
Embodiment 1
Chemical deposit is prepared according to the following steps：
（1）It using the copper tube of DN25 × 100 as material, is polished its surface with 400,800,1200 mesh sand paper successively, removes red copper
Copper tube is immersed in 30min oil removings in aqueous slkali by the oxide of pipe surface, washing, keeps alkali liquid temperature at 75 DEG C or so, water
It washes, then copper tube is put into 10%H2SO430s is activated in solution, is washed again, basal layer is made.
Wherein, the composition of the aqueous slkali is：NaOH 20g/L, Na2CO323g/L, Na3PO435g/L, OP-10
5mol/L。
（2）Each plating solution is prepared by the composition of table 1
Table 1
Wherein, the TiO in plating solution B2For the anatase structured particle of 10~20nm of grain size.Weigh required TiO2Total amount adds in
The dispersant for ultrasonic dispersion 10min prepared to n-octyl sodium sulphate and absolute ethyl alcohol, is made TiO2Suspension.
（3）Will treated that base material is impregnated into successively in plating solution A, plating solution B implements chemical plating, the time of plating is respectively
25min, 60min, the temperature for keeping plating are 75 ~ 80 DEG C, pH 4.2.It after the completion of plating, is washed, is dried.Obtain base material
Layer/Ni-P-Cu layers/Ni-P-Cu-TiO2The nanochemistry coating that layer is sequentially arranged.
Embodiment 2
（1）Using 30 × 30 × 1.5 45# stainless steel materials as material, the operation being surface-treated is the same as the step in embodiment 1
（1）.
（2）Each plating solution is prepared by the composition of table 2
Table 2
Wherein, the TiO in plating solution B2For the anatase structured particle of 10~20nm of grain size.Weigh required TiO2Total amount adds in
The dispersant for ultrasonic dispersion 10min prepared to n-octyl sodium sulphate and absolute ethyl alcohol, is made TiO2Suspension.
（3）Will treated that base material is impregnated into successively in plating solution A, plating solution B implements chemical plating, the time of plating is respectively
20min, 45min, the temperature for keeping plating are 75 ~ 80 DEG C, pH 4.2.It after the completion of plating, is washed, is dried.Obtain base material
Layer/Ni-P-Cu layers/Ni-P-Cu-TiO2The nanochemistry coating that layer is sequentially arranged.
Comparative example 1
Prepare base material/Ni-P-Cu/Ni-P-Cu-TiO2（Ni-P-Cu-TiO therein2TiO in layer2It is not linearly to raise, but
Only monolayer concentration）Chemical deposit：
（1）Using the copper tube of DN25 × 100 as material, pre-treatment step is the same as the step in embodiment 1（1）.
（2）Plating solution A：With the plating solution A of embodiment 1
Prepare plating solution C：Other components are identical with the plating solution B in embodiment 1, and TiO2It once adds in, it is 10 g/L to make its concentration.
（3）More than base material is sequentially placed into same plating solution A and plating solution C and implements chemical plating, the time of plating is respectively 25
Min and 60 min, the chemical deposit compared.
The content of each ingredient and each layer thickness are shown in Table 3. in coating in embodiment 1,2 and comparative example 1
Table 3
Coating performance is tested：
（1）The scale inhibition of coating and surface condensation performance in embodiment 1
It is the coating of base material with not having coated red copper light pipe to compare to being obtained in embodiment 1 using copper tube, is coagulated in steam
In knot experiment, experiment tubing is horizontal positioned, is observed in experiment, and the coating surface of embodiment 1 has apparent dropwise condensation to generate,
And come in red copper light pipe surface liquid film drawout, it is apparent film condensation.After measured, has coated red copper in embodiment 1
The coefficient of heat transfer of pipe is do not have coated red copper light pipe 2.1 times.
In saturation CaSO4Dirt deposition experiment is carried out in solution, dirt deposition speed is far high on the red copper light pipe of no coating
In coating surface, and its surface smut is fine and close, and coating surface dirt is loose, easily comes off.
（2）The scale inhibition of coating and surface condensation performance in embodiment 2
It is the coating of base material with not having coated stainless steel plate to compare to being obtained in embodiment 2 using steel plate, pool boiling examination
In testing, coating surface generates loose dirt, easily peels off.And the dirt generated on stainless steel has between stainless steel plate
Very strong adhesion strength, dirt are not easily to fall off.In pool boiling experiment, the thermal conductivity factor rapid decrease of stainless steel plate illustrates that dirt is fast
Speed deposits on surface.And coated steel plate thermal conductivity factor declines slowly, it was demonstrated that coating has good scale inhibition effect.
In steam condensation experiment, experiment steel are placed vertically, observe there is apparent drop in coating surface in experiment
Shape condensation generates, and dropwise condensation phenomenon is not observed in stainless steel surface.The coefficient of heat transfer of coated stainless steel plate is
1.9 times of the stainless steel plate coefficient of heat transfer without coating.
（3）The plating inter-layer bonding force performance measurement of embodiment 1 and comparative example 1
Using coating adhesion scratch experiment, binding force of cladding material is detected with scarification tester, when measure coating is destroyed
Critical load.The results show that the coating critical load of embodiment 1 is 94N, the critical load of comparative example 1 is 76N, it was demonstrated that this
The coating of invention and the combination power of matrix are better than comparative example 1.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of nanochemistry coating, it is characterised in that：Including the substrate layer, the first coating and the second coating being sequentially arranged, institute
The first coating is stated as Ni-P-Cu layers；Second coating is Ni-P-Cu-TiO2Layer, along substrate layer to the side on the second coating surface layer
Upward TiO2Concentration increases to 3 ~ 7% by zero, and linearly increases.
2. nanochemistry coating according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The thickness of second coating is 20 ~ 60 μm,
Preferably 20 ~ 40 μm.
3. nanochemistry coating according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Based on mass percentage, P in the second coating
It is 4 ~ 6%, TiO for 8 ~ 12%, Cu2Concentration for 1 ~ 5%, be preferably 2 ~ 4%, remaining as Ni.
4. nanochemistry coating according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The thickness of first coating is 10 ~ 20m,
Preferably 10 ~ 15 μm, based on mass percentage, P is that 8 ~ 12%, Cu is 4 ~ 6% in Ni-P-Cu layers, remaining as Ni.
5. nanochemistry coating according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The substrate layer is in steel or alloy
One kind, the alloy are magnesium alloy, aluminium alloy or titanium alloy.
6. the preparation method of the nanochemistry coating described in claim 1 ~ 5 any one, comprises the following steps：By substrate surface
It is pre-processed, is sequentially placed into plating solution A, plating solution B and implements chemical plating, the first coating and second are respectively formed in base material layer surface
Coating obtains the nanochemistry coating；
The plating solution A includes following components：
NiSO4 25~35g/L
CuSO4 0.3~0.6g/L
NaH2PO2 15~25g/L
CH3COONa 15~20g/L
15 ~ 20g/L of citric acid
KIO3 15~25mg/L
0.2 ~ 0.4mg/L of surfactant
Ce(SO4)2 0~0.1mg/L
Plating solution B includes following components：
NiSO4 25~35g/L
CuSO4 0.3~0.6g/L
NaH2PO2 25~45g/L
CH3COONa 15~20g/L
15 ~ 20g/L of citric acid
KIO3 15~25mg/L
0.2 ~ 0.4mg/L of surfactant
Ce(SO4)2 0~0.1mg/L
The TiO disperseed with ethyl alcohol is further included in plating solution B2, use plating solution B carry out chemical plating when, according to setting electroless plating time,
TiO is at the uniform velocity added into plating solution B2, its concentration is made to reach 5 ~ 12g/L when chemical plating is completed, is preferably 7 ~ 10 g/L.
7. preparation method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：The TiO2To be anatase structured, granular size 10
~20nm。
8. preparation method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：Implement the temperature of chemical plating as 70 ~ 80 DEG C, adjust pH
It is worth for 4~5, the time of each plating is 20 ~ 120min, is preferably 20 ~ 80min.
9. application of the chemical deposit as heat exchanger surface condensation heat transfer coating described in claim 1 ~ 5 any one.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111041459A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-04-21 | 上海交通大学 | Hollow tube micro-lattice material with nano gradient structure and preparation method thereof |
| CN111041459B (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2022-07-29 | 上海交通大学 | Hollow tube micro-lattice material with nano gradient structure and preparation method thereof |
| CN113718237A (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2021-11-30 | 海信（山东）空调有限公司 | Hydrophobic coating and air conditioner water pan comprising same |
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| CN108118318B (en) | 2019-12-13 |
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