CN108117569A - 一种有机催化傅克反应合成手性胺基膦酸酯的方法 - Google Patents

一种有机催化傅克反应合成手性胺基膦酸酯的方法 Download PDF

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CN108117569A
CN108117569A CN201611070188.2A CN201611070188A CN108117569A CN 108117569 A CN108117569 A CN 108117569A CN 201611070188 A CN201611070188 A CN 201611070188A CN 108117569 A CN108117569 A CN 108117569A
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chiral
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phosphonate
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phosphonate ester
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周永贵
严忠
高翔
孙蕾
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Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of CAS
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    • C07F9/65583Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom containing at least two different or differently substituted hetero rings neither condensed among themselves nor condensed with a common carbocyclic ring or ring system each of the hetero rings containing nitrogen as ring hetero atom
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Abstract

一种有机催化傅克反应合成手性胺基膦酸酯的方法,其用到的有机催化剂是手性磷酸。催化一系列亚胺膦酸酯与吲哚发生不对称傅克反应能得到相应的季碳中心手性胺基膦酸酯,其对映体过量可达到98%。本发明操作简便实用易行,催化剂商业可得,反应条件温和。此外,通过不对称傅克反应合成手性胺基膦酸酯,对映选择性高,产率好,且反应具有原子经济性,环境友好等优点。

Description

一种有机催化傅克反应合成手性胺基膦酸酯的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种应用手性磷酸的均相体系高度对映选择性催化亚胺膦酸酯与吲哚发生不对称傅克反应合成手性胺基膦酸酯的方法。
背景技术
光学活性的胺基膦酸与氨基酸在结构上具有相似性,同样具备广泛的生理活性,可作为酶抑制剂,抗真菌剂,抗菌剂和抗癌剂等(参考文献一:(a)Senten,K.;L.;Van der Veken,P.;De Meester,I.;Lambeir,A.-M.;Scharpé,S.;Haemers,A.;Augustyns,K.J.Comb.Chem.2003,5,336.(b)Maier,L.;Diel,P.J.Phosphorous,Sulfur SiliconRelat.Elem.1994,90,259.(c)Grembecka,J.;Mucha,A.;Cierpicki,T.Kafarski,P.J.Med.Chem.2003,46,2641.(d)Yao,G.;Ye,M.;Huang,R.;Li,Y.;Pan,Y.;Xu,Q.;Liao,Z.;Wang,H.Bioorg.Med.Chem.Lett.2014,24,501.)。基于此,胺基膦酸及其衍生物的不对称合成受到了科研工作者的广泛关注,根据成键方式的不同,手性胺基膦酸及其衍生物的合成策略主要包括立体选择性的C-P键形成,C-C键形成,C-N键形成,C-H键形成(参考文献二:(a)M.;Rojas-Cabrera,H.;Cativiela,C.Tetrahedron 2009,65,17.(b)M.;Viveros-Ceballos,J.L.;Cativiela,C.;Sayago,F.J.Tetrahedron 2015,71,1745.)。
手性季碳中心的构建始终是一个充满挑战的课题。目前,已经发展了一些有效策略构建四级碳手性氨基膦酸酯化合物,如含碳或氮亲电试剂对膦酸酯底物的亲电进攻(参考文献三:(a)Studer,A.;Seebach,D.Heterocycles1995,40,357.(b)Kuwano,R.;Nishio,R.;Ito,Y.Org.Lett.1999,1,837.(c)Sawamura,M.;Hamashima,H.;Ito,Y.Bull.Chem.Soc.Jpn.2000,73,2559.(d)Kim,S.M.;Kim,H.R.;Kim,D.Y.Org.Lett.2005,7,2309.(e)Bernardi,L.;Zhuang,W.;K.A.J.Am.Chem.Soc.2005,127,5772.(f)Wilt,J.C.;Pink,M.;Johnston,J.N.;Chem.Commun.2008,4177.(g)Bera,K.;Namboothiri,I.N.N.Org.Lett.2012,14,980),亚磷酸酯与酮亚胺底物的不对称加成反应(参考文献四:(a)Mikolajczyk,M.;P.;Drabowicz,J.Tetrahedron:Asymmetry 1997,8,3991.(b)Davis,F.A.;Lee,S.;Yan,H.;Titus,D.D.Org.Lett.2001,3,1757.(c)Chen,Q.;Li,J.;Yuan,C.Synthesis2008,2986.(d)Nakamura,S.;Hayashi,M.;Hiramatsu,Y.;Shibata,N.;Funahashi,Y.;Toru,T.J.Am.Chem.Soc.2009,131,18240.),以及含碳亲核试剂对酮亚胺底物的不对称加成反应(参考文献五:(a)Rassukana,Y.V.;Yelenich,I.P.;Vlasenko,Y.G.;Onys’ko,P.P.Tetrahedron:Asymmetry 2014,25,1234.(b)Vicario,J.;Ezpeleta,J.M.;Palacios,F.Adv.Synth.Catal.2012,354,2641.(c)Vicario,J.;Ortiz,P.;Ezpeleta,J.M.;Palacios,F.J.Org.Chem.2015,80,156.(d)Yan,Z.;Wu,B.;Gao,X.;Zhou,Y.-G.Chem.Commun.2016,52,10882.)。值得一提的是,亲核加成策略中,亲核试剂仅局限于丙酮、乙酰氰、硝基甲烷和芳基硼酸等,为满足多样的季碳中心手性氨基膦酸酯的合成需求,亲核试剂仍有待进一步的丰富。手性磷酸催化吲哚对一系列亚胺底物的不对称加成反应已有一些报道(参考文献六:(a)Jia,Y.-X.;Zhong,J.;Zhu,S.-F.,Zhang,C.-M.;Zhou,Q.-L.Angew.Chem.2007,119,5661.(b)Rueping,M.;Raja,S.;A.Adv.Synth.Catal.2011,353,563.(c)Yin,Q.;You,S.-L.Chem.Sci.2011,2,1344.(d)Husmann,R.;Sugiono,E.;Mersmann,S.;Raabe,G.;Rueping,M.;Bolm,C.Org.Lett.2011,13,1044.(e)Qian,Y.;Jing,C.-C.;Zhai,C.-W.;Hu,W.-H.Adv.Synth.Catal.2012,354,301.(f)Feng,J.-C.;Yan,W.-J.;Wang,D.;Li,P.;Sun,Q.-T.;Wang,R.Chem.Commun.2012,48,8003.),基于以上背景,我们设想能否采用相同的策略,利用手性磷酸催化吲哚与亚胺膦酸酯底物进行不对称加成反应来合成季碳中心手性氨基膦酸酯化合物。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种有机催化傅克反应合成手性胺基膦酸酯的方法。本发明操作简便实用,对映选择性高,产率好,且反应具有原子经济性,环境友好等优点。
为实现上述目的,本发明的技术方案如下:
本发明以手性磷酸作催化剂,亚胺膦酸酯与吲哚发生不对称加成反应得到相应的手性胺基膦酸酯,反应式和条件如下:
式中:
温度:0-50℃;
溶剂:有机溶剂;
时间:24-48小时;
催化剂:手性磷酸
所述R为C1-C10的烷基,苯环上的取代基为F、Cl、Me、MeO、Et、CN中的一种或二种以上取代基,取代基个数为1-3;
反应步骤为:
反应步骤为:在反应瓶中投入亚胺膦酸酯底物,吲哚(式1中底物用量的2equiv–4equiv)和手性磷酸(式1中底物用量的5mol%-10mol%),加入有机溶剂,0-50℃下反应24-48小时;除去溶剂后直接柱层析分离得到纯的产物。
所述催化剂为手性磷酸,均为市售且无需任何处理。
所述有机溶剂为二氯甲烷、乙醚、甲苯、均三甲苯中的一种或两种以上的混合。
本发明具有以下优点
1.反应活性和对映选择性高,反应完全,生成产物专一,核磁氢谱没有检测到副反应,使得能分离方便,能获得高的对映体过量纯品。
2.能得到季碳中心手性胺基膦酸酯。
3.催化剂制备方便,反应操作简便实用。
4.反应条件温和。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例详述本发明,但本发明并不限于下述的实施例。
实施例1:条件的优化
空气中,依次向反应瓶中加入五元环亚胺膦酸酯2a(33mg,0.1mmol),手性磷酸(式1中底物用量的10mol%)和有机溶剂(2mL),室温下搅拌十分钟,随后加入吲哚3(35mg,0.3mmol),30℃下反应,TLC监测反应进程。反应结束后,直接柱层析分离得到纯的产物,反应式和手性磷酸结构如下:
其产率为分离收率,产物的对映体过量用手性液相色谱测定,详见表1。
表1.亚胺膦酸酯2a与吲哚的不对称加成反应a
实施例2:手性磷酸催化傅克反应合成各种手性胺基膦酸酯4
空气中,依次向反应瓶中加入五元环亚胺膦酸酯2(0.1mmol),手性磷酸(式1中底物用量的5mol%)和有机溶剂(2mL),室温下搅拌十分钟,随后加入吲哚3(35mg,0.3mmol),30℃下反应,TLC监测反应进程。反应结束后,直接柱层析分离得到纯的产物,反应式和手性磷酸结构如下:
产率为分离收率,产物的对映体过量用手性液相色谱测定,见表2。
表2.手性磷酸催化傅克反应合成各种手性胺基膦酸酯4a
(R)-diisopropyl
(3-(1H-indol-3-yl)-1,1-dioxido-2,3-dihydrobenzo[d]isothiazol-3-yl)phosphonate(4a):44mg,98%yield,96%ee,[α]20 D=+49.09(c 0.66,6.77(t,J=7.3Hz,1H),4.85-4.60(m,1H),4.50-4.25(m,1H),1.40-1.05(m,9H),0.81(d,J=5.8Hz,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO)δ138.4(d,JPC=4.5Hz),137.6,136.8(d,JPC=5.2Hz),134.0,131.4,127.8,127.4(d,JPC=2.6Hz),126.1(d,JPC=11.5Hz),122.6,122.0,121.2,120.1,112.9,111.6(d,JPC=3.8Hz),73.6(d,JPC=8.2Hz),73.4(d,JPC=6.7Hz),64.7(d,JPC=166.3Hz),25.3,25.1(d,JPC=2.7Hz),24.8(d,JPC=5.4Hz),23.9(d,JPC=5.5Hz);31P NMR(162MHz,DMSO)δ16.4.HPLC:Chiralcel AD-H column,230nm,30℃,n-hexane/i-propanol=70/30,flow=0.7mL/min,retention time 14.9min and 18.3min(maj).HRMSCalculated for C21H26N2O5PS[M+H]+449.1295,found 449.1301.
(R)-diisopropyl
(3-(2-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-1,1-dioxido-2,3-dihydrobenzo[d]isothiazol-3-yl)phos-phonate(4b):42mg,91%yield,59%ee,[α]20 D=+18.29
(m,1H),4.49-4.35(m,1H),2.19(s,3H),1.29(d,J=6.2Hz,3H),1.26(d,J=6.2Hz,3H),1.08(d,J=6.2Hz,3H),0.79(d,J=6.2Hz,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ139.0(d,JPC=5.2Hz),135.7(d,JPC=5.1Hz),135.2(d,JPC=8.1Hz),134.9,132.8(d,JPC=2.1Hz),130.1(d,JPC=2.1Hz),128.1(d,JPC=2.5Hz),127.1(d,JPC=6.4Hz),121.7,121.5,121.0,120.2,110.4,106.9(d,JPC=3.2Hz),74.2(d,JPC=8.1Hz),73.6(d,JPC=7.7Hz),65.8(d,JPC=165.9Hz),24.5(d,JPC=2.7Hz),24.4(d,JPC=3.3Hz),23.7(d,JPC=5.7Hz),23.0(d,JPC=5.9Hz),15.6;31P NMR(162MHz,CDCl3)δ15.6.HPLC:Chiralcel AD-H column,230nm,30℃,n-hexane/i-propanol=70/30,flow=0.7mL/min,retention time 10.8min(maj)and16.8min.HRMS Calculated for C22H28N2O5PS[M+H]+463.1451,found 463.1460.
(R)-diisopropyl
(3-(4-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-1,1-dioxido-2,3-dihydrobenzo[d]isothiazol-3-yl)phos-phonate(4c):42mg,91%yield,87%ee,[α]20 D=+9.64
7.02(t,J=7.6Hz,1H),6.70(d,J=7.1Hz,1H),5.40(d,J=7.3Hz,1H),4.98-4.85(m,1H),4.40-4.28(m,1H),1.72(s,3H),1.35(d,J=6.1Hz,6H),1.28(d,J=6.1Hz,3H),0.74(d,J=6.2Hz,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ140.4(d,JPC=4.8Hz),137.7,137.0(d,JPC=4.9Hz),133.1(d,JPC=2.9Hz),131.1,130.2(d,JPC=2.9Hz),129.7(d,JPC=5.3Hz),127.3(d,JPC=3.1Hz),124.2(d,JPC=12.6Hz),123.3,122.7,122.0(d,JPC=2.3Hz),109.7,74.3(d,JPC=1.7Hz),74.2(d,JPC=3.0Hz),65.9(d,JPC=159.1Hz),24.5(d,JPC=2.8Hz),24.3(d,JPC=4.2Hz),24.1(d,JPC=4.4Hz),22.8(d,JPC=5.9Hz),22.4;31P NMR(162MHz,CDCl3)δ16.3.HPLC:Chiralcel AD-H column,230nm,30℃,n-hexane/i-propanol=80/20,flow=0.7mL/min,retention time 33.9min and 37.1min(maj).HRMS Calculated forC22H28N2O5PS[M+H]+463.1451,found 463.1460.
(dichloromethane/methanol 80/1).1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.85(s,1H),7.90(d,J=7.7Hz,1H),7.74(s,1H),7.65-7.51(m,3H),7.23(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),7.02(s,1H),6.96(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),5.33(d,J=4.8Hz,1H),4.95-4.80(m,1H),4.52-4.34(m,1H),2.27(s,3H),1.39-1.17(m,9H),0.77(d,J=6.1Hz,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ137.8(d,JPC=3.8Hz),135.5(d,JPC=5.2Hz),135.0,133.3(d,JPC=2.3Hz),130.1(d,JPC=2.5Hz),129.8,127.3(d,JPC=2.6Hz),126.1(d,JPC=4.3Hz),125.0(d,JPC=10.5Hz),124.4,121.5(d,JPC=1.7Hz),119.9,111.4,110.5,74.0(d,JPC=8.4Hz),73.7(d,JPC=7.7Hz),64.8(d,JPC=165.4Hz),24.5,24.3(d,JPC=3.7Hz),24.0(d,JPC=5.1Hz),22.9(d,JPC=5.9Hz),21.8;31PNMR(162MHz,CDCl3)δ15.4(d,J=5.9Hz).HPLC:Chiralcel AD-H column,230nm,30℃,n-hexane/i-propanol=80/20,flow=0.7mL/min,retention time 20.3min(maj)and23.0min.HRMS Calculated for C22H28N2O5PS[M+H]+463.1451,found463.1458.
(R)-diisopropyl
(3-(6-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-1,1-dioxido-2,3-dihydrobenzo[d]isothiazol-3-yl)phos-phonate(4e):43mg,93%yield,94%ee,[α]20 D
4.95-4.81(m,1H),4.52-4.36(m,1H),2.35(s,3H),1.33(d,J=6.1Hz,3H),1.31-1.21(m,6H),0.79(d,J=6.1Hz,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ137.8(d,JPC=4.0Hz),137.2,135.5(d,JPC=5.0Hz),133.3(d,JPC=2.5Hz),132.6,130.2(d,JPC=2.5Hz),127.2(d,JPC=2.7Hz),125.6(d,JPC=4.0Hz),122.6(d,JPC=11.0Hz),122.3,121.5(d,JPC=1.9Hz),119.8,111.7,110.8(d,JPC=3.6Hz),74.0(d,JPC=8.3Hz),73.7(d,JPC=7.7Hz),64.7(d,JPC=166.0Hz),24.5(d,JPC=2.7Hz),24.3(d,JPC=3.6Hz),24.0(d,JPC=5.2Hz),23.0(d,JPC=5.8Hz),21.7;31P NMR(162MHz,CDCl3)δ15.3(d,J=5.4Hz).HPLC:Chiralcel AD-H column,230nm,30℃,n-hexane/i-propanol=70/30,flow=0.7mL/min,retention time 20.5min(maj)and 24.5min.HRMS Calculated for C22H28N2O5PS[M+H]+463.1451,found 463.1461.
(R)-diisopropyl
(3-(7-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-1,1-dioxido-2,3-dihydrobenzo[d]isothiazol-3-yl)phos-phonate(4f):44mg,96%yield,95%ee,[α]20 D=+60.11(c 0.88,THF),
4.49-4.35(m,1H),2.46(s,3H),1.35(d,J=6.1Hz,3H),1.32-1.25(m,6H),0.79(d,J=6.2Hz,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ137.8(d,JPC=3.8Hz),136.3,135.6(d,JPC=5.0Hz),133.3(d,JPC=2.5Hz),130.2(d,JPC=2.5Hz),127.2(d,JPC=2.7Hz),126.2(d,JPC=3.9Hz),124.3(d,JPC=11.5Hz),123.3,121.5(d,JPC=2.0Hz),121.0,120.8,117.7,111.2(d,JPC=4.1Hz),74.1(d,JPC=8.4Hz),73.8(d,JPC=7.8Hz),64.8(d,JPC=165.4Hz),24.5(d,JPC=2.8Hz),24.3(d,JPC=3.8Hz),24.1(d,JPC=5.0Hz),22.9(d,JPC=5.8Hz),16.7;31PNMR(162MHz,CDCl3)δ15.2.HPLC:Chiralcel AD-H column,230nm,30℃,n-hexane/i-propanol=70/30,flow=0.7mL/min,retention time 18.5min and 21.4min(maj).HRMSCalculated for
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ9.35(s,1H),7.98(s,1H),7.90(d,J=7.5Hz,1H),7.66-7.42(m,3H),7.05-6.83(m,3H),5.26(d,J=4.6Hz,1H),5.01-4.83(m,1H),4.53-4.29(m,1H),3.00-2.70(m,2H),1.45-1.15(m,12H),0.78(d,J=5.8Hz,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ137.8(d,JPC=3.9Hz),135.6,135.6(d,JPC=5.3Hz),133.3(d,JPC=2.2Hz),130.2(d,JPC=2.5Hz),127.3(d,JPC=2.6Hz),127.2,126.1(d,JPC=3.6Hz),124.5(d,JPC=11.5Hz),121.5(d,JPC=2.0Hz),121.3,120.9,117.7,111.2(d,JPC=4.2Hz),74.1(d,JPC=8.4Hz),73.9(d,JPC=7.6Hz),64.8(d,JPC=165.4Hz),24.5(d,JPC=2.6Hz),24.3(d,JPC=3.8Hz),24.2(d,JPC=5.0Hz),24.0,22.9(d,JPC=5.9Hz),14.0;31P NMR(162MHz,CDCl3)δ15.2(d,J=5.8Hz).HPLC:Chiralcel AD-H column,230nm,30℃,n-hexane/i-propanol=70/30,flow=0.7mL/min,retention time 16.1min and 20.4min(maj).HRMS Calculated forC23H30N2O5PS[M+H]+477.1608,found 477.1613.
(R)-diisopropyl
(3-(5-methoxy-1H-indol-3-yl)-1,1-dioxido-2,3-dihydrobenzo[d]isothiazol-3-yl)phos-phonate(4h):47mg,98%yield,94%ee,[α]20 D(d,J=1.7Hz,1H),4.78-4.64(m,1H),4.41-4.25(m,1H),3.46(s,3H),1.25(d,J=6.1Hz,3H),1.21-1.12(m,6H),0.78(d,J=6.2Hz,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO)δ154.1,138.4(d,JPC=4.8Hz),136.9(d,JPC=4.9Hz),134.0(d,JPC=1.6Hz),132.6,131.3(d,JPC=2.0Hz),127.8(d,JPC=2.4Hz),127.7(d,JPC=3.5Hz),126.5(d,JPC=11.4Hz),121.9,113.4,112.7,111.3(d,JPC=5.3Hz),103.2,73.6(d,JPC=8.0Hz),73.3(d,JPC=7.5Hz),64.8(d,JPC=165.8Hz),56.2,25.3(d,JPC=2.7Hz),25.1(d,JPC=3.3Hz),24.8(d,JPC=5.5Hz),23.9(d,JPC=5.6Hz);31P NMR(162MHz,DMSO)δ16.5.HPLC:Chiralcel OD-H column,230nm,30℃,n-hexane/i-propanol=80/20,flow=0.7mL/min,retention time 10.0min and 12.5min(maj).HRMS Calculated for C22H28N2O6PS[M+H]+479.1400,found 479.1408.
(R)-diisopropyl
(3-(5-fluoro-1H-indol-3-yl)-1,1-dioxido-2,3-dihydrobenzo[d]isothiazol-3-yl)phos-phonate(4i):44mg,94%yield,94%ee,[α]20 D=+25.79
(c 0.88,THF),unknown compound,white solid,m.p.=233-234℃,Rf=0.20(dichloromethane/methanol 80/1).1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ11.36(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),8.83(s,1H),7.98-7.90(m,1H),7.76(d,J=2.5Hz,1H),7.73-7.65(m,2H),7.57-7.50(m,1H),7.37(dd,J=8.8,4.8Hz,1H),6.94-6.79(m,2H),4.77-4.63(m,1H),4.40-4.26(m,1H),1.25(d,J=6.2Hz,3H),1.19(d,J=6.1Hz,3H),1.13(d,J=6.2Hz,3H),0.78(d,J=6.2Hz,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO)δ157.8(d,JFC=231.1Hz),138.0(d,JPC=4.7Hz),136.7(d,JPC=5.0Hz),134.3,134.1(d,JPC=2.4Hz),131.5(d,JPC=1.5Hz),129.1(d,JPC=4.3Hz),127.7(d,JPC=2.4Hz),126.2(d,JPC=10.4Hz),122.1,113.9(d,JFC=10.2Hz),112.1,110.9(d,JFC=26.0Hz),106.2(d,JFC=24.6Hz),73.7(d,JPC=8.0Hz),73.5(d,JPC=7.4Hz),64.5(d,JPC=166.1Hz),25.3(d,JPC=2.8Hz),25.1(d,JPC=3.3Hz),24.7(d,JPC=5.6Hz),23.9(d,JPC=5.7Hz);19F NMR(376MHz,DMSO)δ-124.2;31P NMR(162MHz,DMSO)δ16.3(t,J=6.5Hz).HPLC:Chiralcel AS-H column,230nm,30℃,n-hexane/i-propanol=80/20,flow=0.7mL/min,retention time 12.0min(maj)and 23.4min.HRMS Calculated for C21H25FN2O5PS[M+H]+467.1200,found 467.1205.
(dichloromethane/methanol 40/1).1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.82(s,1H),7.90(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.75(d,J=1.8Hz,1H),7.67-7.53(m,3H),7.22(dd,J=8.9,5.2Hz,1H),7.00(dd,J=9.2,2.0Hz,1H),6.78-6.67(m,1H),5.33(d,J=5.5Hz,1H),4.92-4.79(m,1H),4.50-4.34(m,1H),1.34(d,J=6.2Hz,3H),1.28(d,J=6.1Hz,3H),1.23(d,J=6.2Hz,3H),0.78(d,J=6.2Hz,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ160.2(d,JFC=239.6Hz),137.5(d,JPC=4.2Hz),136.8(d,JFC=12.3Hz),135.4(d,JPC=5.0Hz),133.4(d,JPC=2.5Hz),130.4(d,JPC=2.4Hz),127.1(d,JPC=2.7Hz),126.3,121.6(d,JPC=1.8Hz),121.5(d,JFC=9.9Hz),110.2,109.5(d,JFC=24.2Hz),97.9(d,JFC=25.8Hz),74.1(d,JPC=8.2Hz),73.9(d,JPC=7.6Hz),64.4(d,JPC=164.2Hz),24.5(d,JPC=2.7Hz),24.3(d,JPC=3.6Hz),24.0(d,JPC=5.2Hz),23.0(d,JPC=5.9Hz);19F NMR(376MHz,CDCl3)δ-120.1;31P NMR(162MHz,CDCl3)δ15.3.HPLC:Chiralcel AD-H column,230nm,30℃,n-hexane/i-propanol=80/20,flow=0.7mL/min,retention time 22.5min(maj)and 28.6min.HRMS Calculated forC21H25FN2O5PS[M+H]+467.1200,found 467.1207.
(R)-diisopropyl
(3-(5-chloro-1H-indol-3-yl)-1,1-dioxido-2,3-dihydrobenzo[d]isothiazol-3-yl)phos-phonate(4k):47mg,98%yield,95%ee,[α]20 D=-5.11
1H),7.71-7.51(m,4H),7.30(s,1H),7.17(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),7.03(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),5.56(d,J=5.4Hz,1H),4.90-4.75(m,1H),4.49-4.32(m,1H),1.33(d,J=6.1Hz,3H),1.27(d,J=6.1Hz,3H),1.19(d,J=6.1Hz,3H),0.75(d,J=6.1Hz,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ137.2(d,JPC=4.3Hz),135.5(d,JPC=5.2Hz),135.1,133.4(d,JPC=2.3Hz),130.4(d,JPC=2.2Hz),127.1(d,JPC=4.9Hz),127.1(d,JPC=2.9Hz),126.2,125.9(d,JPC=9.1Hz),123.1,121.8(d,JPC=1.5Hz),120.1,112.7,111.1(d,JPC=3.5Hz),74.2(d,JPC=8.2Hz),74.0(d,JPC=7.7Hz),64.2(d,JPC=165.2Hz),24.5(d,JPC=2.7Hz),24.3(d,JPC=3.6Hz),23.9(d,JPC=5.3Hz),23.0(d,JPC=5.9Hz);31P NMR(162MHz,CDCl3)δ15.3(d,J=5.9Hz).HPLC:Chiralcel AD-H column,230nm,30℃,n-hexane/i-propanol=80/20,flow=0.7mL/min,retention time 21.3min and 22.9min(maj).HRMS Calculated for C21H25ClN2O5PS[M+H]+483.0905,found 483.0910.
(R)-diisopropyl
(3-(5-bromo-1H-indol-3-yl)-1,1-dioxido-2,3-dihydrobenzo[d]isothiazol-3-yl)phos-phonate(4l):52mg,98%yield,96%ee,[α]20 D
4.47-4.33(m,1H),1.32(d,J=6.1Hz,3H),1.26(d,J=6.1Hz,3H),1.18(d,J=6.2Hz,3H),0.74(d,J=6.2Hz,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ137.2(d,JPC=4.3Hz),135.5(d,JPC=5.3Hz),135.4,133.3(d,JPC=2.2Hz),130.4(d,JPC=2.1Hz),127.1(d,JPC=2.6Hz),127.0(d,JPC=4.8Hz),126.5(d,JPC=8.9Hz),125.6,123.2,121.7(d,JPC=1.6Hz),113.7,113.2,110.9,74.3(d,JPC=8.3Hz),74.0(d,JPC=7.8Hz),64.2(d,JPC=165.7Hz),24.5(d,JPC=2.7Hz),24.3(d,JPC=3.6Hz),23.9(d,JPC=5.3Hz),23.0(d,JPC=5.9Hz);31P NMR(162MHz,CDCl3)δ15.3(d,J=5.8Hz).HPLC:Chiralcel AD-H column,230nm,30℃,n-hexane/i-propanol=80/20,flow=0.7mL/min,retention time 21.9min and 27.1min(maj).HRMSCalculated for C21H25BrN2O5PS[M+H]+527.0400,found 527.0409.
(dichloromethane/methanol 40/1).1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ9.64(s,1H),7.90(d,J=7.0Hz,1H),7.77-7.51(m,5H),7.24-7.12(m,2H),6.05(d,J=3.3Hz,1H),4.88-4.70(m,1H),4.54-4.34(m,1H),1.31(d,J=6.1Hz,3H),1.26(d,J=6.1Hz,3H),1.15(d,J=6.1Hz,3H),0.79(d,J=6.1Hz,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ138.4,136.9(d,JPC=5.2Hz),135.4(d,JPC=5.2Hz),133.5(d,JPC=1.6Hz),130.7,128.1(d,JPC=4.9Hz),126.9(d,JPC=2.4Hz),126.4,125.3,124.6(d,JPC=8.7Hz),121.9,120.6,112.8,112.3,103.4,74.5(d,JPC=8.0Hz),74.2(d,JPC=7.7Hz),63.8(d,JPC=165.5Hz),24.4(d,JPC=2.7Hz),24.3(d,JPC=3.4Hz),23.8(d,JPC=5.5Hz),23.1(d,JPC=5.8Hz);31P NMR(162MHz,CDCl3)δ15.2(d,J=5.7Hz).HPLC:Chiralcel AS-H column,230nm,30℃,n-hexane/i-propanol=70/30,flow=0.7mL/min,retention time9.2min(maj)and 13.9min.HRMS Calculated forC22H25N3O5PS[M+H]+474.1247,found 474.1255.
(R)-diisopropyl
(3-(1H-indol-3-yl)-5-methyl-1,1-dioxido-2,3-dihydrobenzo[d]isothiazol-3-yl)phos-phonate(4n):40mg,87%yield,96%ee,[α]20 D
1H),4.78-4.62(m,1H),4.43-4.27(m,1H),2.32(s,3H),1.26(d,J=6.1Hz,3H),1.19(d,J=6.1Hz,3H),1.15(d,J=6.2Hz,3H),0.83(d,J=6.2Hz,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO)δ144.1(d,JPC=2.4Hz),138.8(d,JPC=4.3Hz),137.6,134.4(d,JPC=5.0Hz),132.2(d,JPC=2.4Hz),127.6(d,JPC=2.6Hz),127.4(d,JPC=3.4Hz),126.1(d,JPC=11.8Hz),122.6,121.8(d,JPC=1.7Hz),121.2,120.1,112.9,111.7(d,JPC=5.0Hz),73.6(d,JPC=8.1Hz),73.3(d,JPC=7.4Hz),64.6(d,JPC=165.2Hz),25.3(d,JPC=2.9Hz),25.2(d,JPC=3.2Hz),24.8(d,JPC=5.5Hz),24.0(d,JPC=5.4Hz),22.5;31P NMR(162MHz,DMSO)δ16.5.HPLC:ChiralcelAD-H column,230nm,30℃,n-hexane/i-propanol=70/30,flow=0.7mL/min,retentiontime 13.7min and 17.2min(maj).HRMS Calculated for C22H28N2O5PS[M+H]+463.1451,found 463.1456.
(R)-diisopropyl
(5-methyl-3-(5-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-1,1-dioxido-2,3-dihydrobenzo[d]isothiazol-3-yl)phosphonate(4o):42mg,88%yield,96%ee,
1H),7.23(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),6.91(s,1H),6.84(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),4.77-4.63(m,1H),4.39-4.26(m,1H),2.33(s,3H),2.15(s,3H),1.26(d,J=6.1Hz,3H),1.18(d,J=6.1Hz,3H),1.15(d,J=6.2Hz,3H),0.80(d,J=6.2Hz,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO)δ144.0(d,JPC=2.4Hz),138.8(d,JPC=4.5Hz),135.9,134.4(d,JPC=5.0Hz),132.1(d,JPC=2.2Hz),128.3,127.7(d,JPC=2.3Hz),127.2(d,JPC=3.8Hz),126.4(d,JPC=11.1Hz),124.1,121.8,121.2,112.5,111.2(d,JPC=4.8Hz),73.6(d,JPC=8.0Hz),73.3(d,JPC=7.6Hz),64.7(d,JPC=165.6Hz),25.3(d,JPC=2.8Hz),25.2(d,JPC=3.3Hz),24.8(d,JPC=5.5Hz),23.9(d,JPC=5.5Hz),22.7,22.5;31P NMR(162MHz,DMSO)δ16.6.HPLC:Chiralcel AS-H column,230nm,30℃,n-hexane/i-propanol=80/20,flow=0.7mL/min,retention time 8.9min(maj)and12.9min.HRMS Calculated for C23H30N2O5PS[M+H]+477.1608,found 477.1613.
(R)-diethyl
(3-(1H-indol-3-yl)-1,1-dioxido-2,3-dihydrobenzo[d]isothiazol-3-yl)phosphon
1H),7.12(t,J=7.5Hz,1H),6.98(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),6.90(t,J=7.5Hz,1H),5.50(s,1H),4.42-4.22(m,2H),4.04-3.88(m,1H),3.87-3.67(m,1H),1.30(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),1.12(t,J=7.0Hz,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ137.6(d,JPC=3.9Hz),136.7,135.5(d,JPC=4.7Hz),133.4(d,JPC=2.4Hz),130.4(d,JPC=2.5Hz),127.4(d,JPC=2.7Hz),126.4(d,JPC=3.9Hz),124.6(d,JPC=11.7Hz),122.9,121.5(d,JPC=2.1Hz),120.7,119.9,111.8,110.7(d,JPC=4.3Hz),65.6(d,JPC=7.6Hz),64.5(d,JPC=165.8Hz),64.2(d,JPC=7.5Hz),16.7(d,JPC=5.3Hz),16.3(d,JPC=5.6Hz);31P NMR(162MHz,CDCl3)δ17.2.HPLC:Chiralcel AS-H column,230nm,30℃,n-hexane/i-propanol=80/20,flow=0.7mL/min,retention time23.3min(maj)and 30.9min.HRMS Calculated for C19H22N2O5PS[M+H]+421.0982,found421.0987.
本发明涉及一种应用手性磷酸的均相体系高度对映选择性催化亚胺膦酸酯与吲哚发生不对称傅克反应合成季碳中心手性胺基膦酸酯的方法,其产率可达98%,对映体过量可达到98%。本发明操作简便易行,原料及催化剂均简单易得,反应条件温和。

Claims (7)

1.一种有机催化傅克反应合成手性胺基膦酸酯的方法,其用到的有机催化剂是手性磷酸,反应式和条件如下:
式中:
温度:0-50℃;
溶剂:有机溶剂;
时间:24-48小时;
所述R为C1-C10的烷基,R1、R2分别为H或苯环上的取代基,苯环上的取代基为F、Cl、Me、MeO、Et、CN中的一种或二种以上取代基,取代基个数为1-3。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:
反应步骤为:在反应瓶中投入亚胺膦酸酯底物,吲哚(式1中底物用量的2equiv–4equiv)和手性磷酸(式1中底物用量的5mol%-10mol%),加入有机溶剂,0-50℃下反应24-48小时;除去溶剂后直接柱层析分离得到纯的产物。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:所述催化剂为手性磷酸,均为市售且无需任何处理。
4.如权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于:底物亚胺膦酸酯与催化剂的物质的量的比是20/1-10/1。
5.如权利要求1所述的合成方法,其特征在于:反应所用的有机溶剂为二氯甲烷、乙醚、甲苯、均三甲苯中的一种或两种以上的混合溶剂。
6.如权利要求1、2或5所述的合成方法,其特征在于:当亚胺膦酸酯底物用量为0.1mmol时,有机溶剂的用量为2.0mL。
7.如权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于:所述反应式为亚胺膦酸酯与吲哚发生不对称傅克反应得到相应的手性胺基膦酸酯,催化剂为手性磷酸,溶剂为均三甲苯,温度为30℃时所述结果最佳。
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CN114057785A (zh) * 2021-12-13 2022-02-18 河南师范大学 手性α-二氟甲基硅烷化合物的合成方法

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CN111423332A (zh) * 2020-05-25 2020-07-17 上海科技大学 一种拆分手性化合物的方法
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CN114057785A (zh) * 2021-12-13 2022-02-18 河南师范大学 手性α-二氟甲基硅烷化合物的合成方法
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