CN108110743A - A kind of high speed signal indirect stroke electric transient susceptibility protective device and design method - Google Patents
A kind of high speed signal indirect stroke electric transient susceptibility protective device and design method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108110743A CN108110743A CN201711380008.5A CN201711380008A CN108110743A CN 108110743 A CN108110743 A CN 108110743A CN 201711380008 A CN201711380008 A CN 201711380008A CN 108110743 A CN108110743 A CN 108110743A
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- waveform
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- static discharge
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage
Abstract
The present invention proposes that a kind of high speed signal indirect stroke electric transient susceptibility protective device and design method, device are made of transient state blocking unit, static discharge unit and common mode choke；Transient state blocking unit is serially connected in the transmission path front end for needing guard signal, completes primary lightning protection；Static discharge unit, which is connected across, to be needed between guard signal input terminal and casing ground, completes secondary lightning protection；Common mode choke, which is connected across, to be needed between guard signal input terminal and output terminal, completes signal electromagnet compatibility protection.The present invention combines the different characteristics of three kinds of devices, rational deployment device position so that each device plays its maximum feature.It is optimal protection effect.The present invention has abandoned tradition by lightning current in a manner that TVS pipe is released, but cleverly blocks lightning current, and when protecting late-class circuit to the greatest extent, while also ensuring normal work, distribution capacity is minimum on path.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to indirect thunder and lightning protection technology fields, are related to a kind of high speed signal indirect stroke electric transient susceptibility protection
Device and design method.
Background technology
The indirect lightning protection of avionic device is a newly-increased in recent years environmental suitability requirement, so as to aircraft, set
Standby, personnel are protected in lightning stroke.However, as aircraft is largely using nonmetallic composite, imitated for the shielding of thunder and lightning
Fruit is worse and worse.Simultaneously with the development of electronic equipment, high speed signal is with also increasingly wider so that the indirect thunder and lightning of high speed signal
Protection becomes a new challenge.
At present, it is shielding than more conventional method for the protection of indirect stroke electric transient susceptibility, is grounded, releases.Due to
The particularity of aeronautical product, the protection of thunder and lightning transient state susceptibility, which cannot use, sparking, burning, electric discharge, disposable operating chacteristics
Device.It is required to quickly start, the device of quick recovery characteristics is capable of after lightning stroke.Previous way generally use signal is to machine
The method for bridging transient voltage suppressor diode (TVS-Transient Voltage Suppressor) shell.But due to Gao Gong
Rate TVS pipe junction capacity is usually larger, it is difficult to meet high speed transmission of signals requirement, cause sensitive to high speed signal indirect stroke electric transient
Degree protection is current research puzzle.
The high speed signal of information interaction in aviation electronics for equipment is mainly DVI (Digital Visual
Interface) vision signal, LVDS (Low-Voltage Differential Signaling), ethernet signal, AFDX
(Avionics Full Duplex Switched Ethernet), 1394 signals etc., be mainly characterized by speed 1Gbps with
On, differential transfer.Lightning protection is carried out for the signal of such high speed and should be ensured that the height between its signal couples first, on the one hand
Reduce external electromagnetic compatibility radiation, on the one hand also reduce external lightning and be coupled into the form of strong electromagnetic wave inside DVI signals.
It is a preferable safeguard procedures that high speed signal, which uses the coaxial cable of the shielded layer connect with 360 rings,.However, experiment finds height
The protection of fast signal is still not fully up to expectations, analyzes reason, main or because the low amplitude of oscillation of high speed signal requirement, junction capacitance, device
The precision of manufacturing process of part is high, using high-power protective device signal quality can be caused to decline or even can not complete signal transmission.
The content of the invention
Existing in the prior art to solve the problems, such as, the present invention proposes a kind of high speed signal indirect stroke electric transient susceptibility protection
It is quick to disclosure satisfy that high speed signal carries out high-grade (3 grades and more than) thunder and lightning transient state as defined in DO-160 for device and design method
The requirement of sensitivity protection.
The technical scheme is that：
A kind of high speed signal indirect stroke electric transient susceptibility protective device, it is characterised in that：By transient state blocking unit,
Static discharge unit and common mode choke composition；
Transient state blocking unit completes primary lightning protection；Transient state blocking unit is serially connected in the transmission path for needing guard signal
Front end, not by being struck by lightning when, transient state blocking unit in low resistive state, is struck by lightning moment to transmission signal, s grades of transient state blocking unit μ
Start, off state is presented；
Static discharge unit completes secondary lightning protection；Static discharge unit, which is connected across, needs guard signal input terminal and machine
Between shell ground, secondary protection is carried out to transient state blocking unit rear class remaining voltage or completes not open completely in transient state blocking unit
Thunder and lightning during dynamic is released；
Common mode choke completes signal electromagnet compatibility protection；Common mode choke be connected across need guard signal input terminal with it is defeated
Between outlet.
Further preferred embodiment, a kind of high speed signal indirect stroke electric transient susceptibility protective device, feature exist
In：Static discharge unit uses transient voltage suppressor diode.
A kind of design method of high speed signal indirect stroke electric transient susceptibility protective device, it is characterised in that：Including following
Step：
Step 1：It is determined to need the ceiling voltage protected, maximum current, minimum current according to requirement of shelter；
Step 2：Determine characteristics of signals, the characteristics of signals includes signal rate, distribution capacity and work in transmission path
Make electric current；
Step 3：According to step 1 and step 2 as a result, determine transient state blocking unit parameter, static discharge unit parameter and
Common mode choke parameter：
Transient state blocking unit parameter includes withstanding voltage and trigger current, and wherein transient state blocking unit withstanding voltage requirement is big
The ceiling voltage protected is needed in step 1, trigger current requirement is more than maximum current when signal works normally in step 2,
Less than the minimum current for needing to protect in step 1；
Static discharge unit parameter includes peak power and distribution capacity；
For peak power, it is desirable that the peak power of static discharge unit parameter is more than the work(that protection respective level needs
Rate, the power that protection respective level needs determines according to DO-160 requirements, the peak power of static discharge unit parameter by with
Lower step determines：
Step 3.1：Calculate the transient state source impedance of the waveform 3 and waveform 4 under DO-160 requirement middle grades 3：
Zs3=Voc3/Isc3, Zs4=Voc4/Isc4
Wherein Zs3And Zs4The transient state source impedance of the waveform 3 and waveform 4 under middle grade 3, V are required for DO-160oc3And Voc4For
The open-circuit voltage of waveform 3 and waveform 4, Isc3And Isc4For the short circuit current flow of waveform 3 and waveform 4；
Step 3.2：Calculate the breakdown voltage V of static discharge unitBRWith clamp voltage Vc：
VBR=1.2 × V, Vc=1.5 × VBR
Wherein V is operating voltage；
Step 3.3：Calculate the pulse peak current that static discharge unit corresponds to waveform 3 and waveform 4：
IP3=(Voc3-Vc)/(Zs3+ Z), IP4=(Voc4-Vc)/(Zs4+Z)
Wherein Z is the direct impedance of static discharge unit；
Step 3.4：Calculate the peak power that static discharge unit corresponds to waveform 3 and waveform 4：
PP3=Vc×IP3, PP4=Vc×IP4；
For distribution capacity, it is desirable that on the premise of peak power requirements are met, distribution capacity is the smaller the better；
Common mode choke parameter includes useful signal impedance and garbage signal impedance, it is desirable that useful signal impedance is minimum, nothing
It is maximum with signal impedance.
Advantageous effect
The present invention combines the different characteristics of three kinds of devices, rational deployment device position so that it is maximum that each device plays it
Feature.It is optimal protection effect.The present invention has abandoned tradition by lightning current in a manner that TVS pipe is released, but cleverly
Lightning current is blocked, distribution capacity is most when protecting late-class circuit to the greatest extent, while also ensuring normal work, on path
It is small.
The additional aspect and advantage of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description, and will partly become from the following description
It obtains substantially or is recognized by the practice of the present invention.
Description of the drawings
The above-mentioned and/or additional aspect and advantage of the present invention will become in the description from combination accompanying drawings below to embodiment
Substantially and it is readily appreciated that, wherein：
Fig. 1 thunder and lightning transient state susceptibility protection circuit functional block diagrams.
Fig. 2 DVI antenna efficiency principles.
Fig. 3 static discharge unit burst lengths and peak power response curve.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described below in detail, the embodiment is exemplary, it is intended to for explaining the present invention, and
It is not considered as limiting the invention.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of high speed signal indirect stroke electric transient susceptibility protective device and its design method,
Solve the problems, such as the high-grade protection of high speed signal in the prior art.
In order to achieve the goal above, the means of defence of the present invention improves protective capacities in terms of several.First, protection is believed
Number feature analyzed.Second, to needing that thunder and lightning transient state sensitivity grade is protected to analyze.Third, select suitable thunder
Electric protective device designs suitable lightning protection circuit.
The high speed signal of information interaction in aviation electronics for equipment is mainly DVI (Digital Visual
Interface) vision signal, LVDS (Low-Voltage Differential Signaling), ethernet signal, AFDX
(Avionics Full Duplex Switched Ethernet), 1394 signals etc., be mainly characterized by speed 1Gbps with
On, differential transfer.Lightning protection is carried out for the signal of such high speed and should be ensured that the height between its signal couples first, on the one hand
Reduce external electromagnetic compatibility radiation, on the one hand also reduce external lightning and be coupled into the form of strong electromagnetic wave inside DVI signals.
It is a preferable safeguard procedures that high speed signal, which uses the coaxial cable of the shielded layer connect with 360 rings,.However, experiment finds height
The protection of fast signal is still not fully up to expectations, analyzes reason, is primarily due to the low amplitude of oscillation of high speed signal requirement, junction capacitance, device
Precision of manufacturing process it is high, using high-power protective device signal quality can be caused to decline or even can not complete signal transmission.
The present embodiment is gripped using transient state blocking unit (TBU), static discharge unit (transient voltage suppressor diode), common mode
The reasonably combined scheme of stream three kinds of devices of circle, as shown in Figure 1.
Transient state blocking unit completes primary lightning protection and most important primary protection.Transient state blocking unit is serially connected in
Need the front end of the transmission path of guard signal, not by being struck by lightning when, transient state blocking unit in low resistive state, protects useful signal
The undamped transmission of signal is demonstrate,proved, is struck by lightning moment, transient state blocking unit quickly starts (s grades of μ), and off state is presented.
Static discharge unit completes secondary lightning protection, according to the difference of characteristics of signals transient voltage can be selected to inhibit two
Pole pipe (TVS).Being connected across needs between guard signal input terminal and casing ground, for inhibit to transient state blocking unit due to
Start time delay or repeatedly residual voltage in lightning stroke process, the damage for preventing residual voltage rise from being generated to rear class.
Common mode choke completes signal electromagnet compatibility protection, and being connected across needs between guard signal input terminal and output terminal,
The common mode choke for choosing different parameters according to characteristics of signals provides purer letter to rear class to realize the filtering to signal
Number quality.
By taking the DVI signals of 1280 × 1024 60Hz of resolution ratio carry out the regulation A3J3L3 grade protection of DO-160 standards as an example
Illustrate corresponding design method
First, requirement of shelter determines；It is determined to need the ceiling voltage protected, maximum current, minimum current according to requirement of shelter.
Table 1 injects test request for stitch, and table 2 injects test request for bunch of cables, and table 3 is that table 4 is bunch of cables single-stroke
Table of grading is tested, table 5 tests table of grading for the more strokes of bunch of cables, and table 6 tests table of grading for the more transient pulse groups of bunch of cables.
Table 1
Table 2
Table 3
Table 4
Table 5
Table 6
It can be drawn from table, consider most harsh situation, it is necessary to which the ceiling voltage of protection is 600V, maximum current is
600A, minimum current 6A.
Two：Characteristics of signals determines；Including signal rate, the distribution capacity in transmission path, operating current；
The DVI signals of 1280 × 1024@60Hz of resolution ratio, transmission rate computational methods are：
The video of 1280 × 1024@60Hz resolution ratio according to VESA standards, considers crop, back porch, real standard resolution ratio
It is 1066 pixels for 1688 pixels, vertical resolution, the dot clock frequencies of one width picture are 1688 × 1066@60Hz=
108Mbps, considers further that DVI signal transmission 8B/10B serial codes, and the actual differential signal rate transmitted on DVI lines reaches
More than 1Gbps.To meet signal integrity requirement, the distribution capacity in transmission path should not exceed 10pF.
Operating current：According to DVI signal operation principles, as shown in Fig. 2, electric current is equal to AVCC/R on DVI signal wiresT=
3.3V/50 Ω=66mA.
3rd, transient state blocking unit parameter determines；
Transient state blocking unit is considered as 2 major parameters：
Withstanding voltage：Transient state blocking unit withstanding voltage should be greater than ceiling voltage requirement in (1) item, without excessively considering
It is resistant to the requirement of electric current.
Trigger current：Trigger current should be greater than maximum current during useful signal normal work, less than lightning stroke requirement most
Low current.
According to above-mentioned requirements, the TBU-CA085-500-WH of selection BOURNS companies, withstanding voltage 850V, trigger current
500mA。
4th, static discharge unit parameter determines；Static discharge unit parameter includes peak power and distribution capacity；
For peak power, it is desirable that the peak power of static discharge unit parameter is more than the work(that protection respective level needs
Rate, the power that protection respective level needs determines according to DO-160 requirements, the peak power of static discharge unit parameter by with
Lower step determines：
Step 3.1：Calculate the transient state source impedance of the waveform 3 and waveform 4 under DO-160 requirement middle grades 3：
Zs3=Voc3/Isc3=600/24=25 Ω, Zs4=Voc4/Isc4=300/60=5 Ω
Wherein Zs3And Zs4The transient state source impedance of the waveform 3 and waveform 4 under middle grade 3, V are required for DO-160oc3And Voc4For
The open-circuit voltage of waveform 3 and waveform 4, Isc3And Isc4For the short circuit current flow of waveform 3 and waveform 4；
Step 3.2：Calculate the breakdown voltage V of static discharge unitBRWith clamp voltage Vc：
VBR=1.2 × V=1.2*3.3=3.96V, Vc=1.5 × VBR=1.5*3.96=5.96V
Wherein V is operating voltage；
Step 3.3：Calculate the pulse peak current that static discharge unit corresponds to waveform 3 and waveform 4：
IP3=(Voc3-Vc)/(Zs3+ Z)=(600-5.96)/(25+10)=17A
IP4=(Voc4-Vc)/(Zs4+ Z)=(300-5.96)/(5+10)=19.6A
Wherein Z is the direct impedance of static discharge unit；
Step 3.4：Calculate the peak power that static discharge unit corresponds to waveform 3 and waveform 4：
PP3=Vc×IP3=5.96 × 17=101.32W, PP4=Vc×IP4=5.96 × 19.6=116.82W；
For distribution capacity, it is desirable that on the premise of peak power requirements are met, distribution capacity is the smaller the better；, according to letter
The difference of number characteristic, it is desirable that distribution capacity it is also different, general distribution capacity should not exceed 5pF.
According to above-mentioned calculating, the SRV05-4LC of Protek companies is chosen, peak power is 500W at 20 μm, is much larger than
116.82W requirements, distribution capacity are 0.7pF less than 5pF requirements.
5th, common mode choke parameter determines；
Common mode inductance selection should follow EMC Requirements, and useful signal impedance minimum is chosen according to device handbook, useless
Signal impedance maximum principle.
It is required according to electromagnetic compatible environment, chooses common mode choke model SCM3216-601P.
Binding signal feature of the present invention, protection level requirements reasonably select protective device, rationally design protection circuit, full
High-grade thunder and lightning transient state sensibility protection is realized while sufficient high speed transmission of signals.
Although the embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described above, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is example
Property, it is impossible to limitation of the present invention is interpreted as, those of ordinary skill in the art are not departing from the principle of the present invention and objective
In the case of above-described embodiment can be changed within the scope of the invention, change, replace and modification.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of high speed signal indirect stroke electric transient susceptibility protective device, it is characterised in that：It is released by transient state blocking unit, electrostatic
Put unit and common mode choke composition；
Transient state blocking unit completes primary lightning protection；Before transient state blocking unit is serially connected in the transmission path for needing guard signal
End, not by being struck by lightning when, transient state blocking unit in low resistive state, is struck by lightning moment to transmission signal, and s grades of transient state blocking unit μ is opened
It is dynamic, off state is presented；
Static discharge unit completes secondary lightning protection；Static discharge unit is connected across needs guard signal input terminal with casing
Between, secondary protection is carried out to transient state blocking unit rear class remaining voltage or completes completely not start in transient state blocking unit
Thunder and lightning in journey is released；
Common mode choke completes signal electromagnet compatibility protection；Common mode choke, which is connected across, needs guard signal input terminal and output terminal
Between.
2. a kind of high speed signal indirect stroke electric transient susceptibility protective device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Electrostatic
Releasing unit uses transient voltage suppressor diode.
3. the design method of high speed signal indirect stroke electric transient susceptibility protective device, feature exist described in a kind of claim 1
In：Comprise the following steps：
Step 1：It is determined to need the ceiling voltage protected, maximum current, minimum current according to requirement of shelter；
Step 2：Determine characteristics of signals, the characteristics of signals includes signal rate, distribution capacity and work electricity in transmission path
Stream；
Step 3：According to step 1 and step 2 as a result, determining transient state blocking unit parameter, static discharge unit parameter and common mode
Choke parameters：
Transient state blocking unit parameter includes withstanding voltage and trigger current, and wherein transient state blocking unit withstanding voltage requirement is more than step
The ceiling voltage protected is needed in rapid 1, trigger current requirement is more than maximum current when signal works normally in step 2, is less than
The minimum current protected is needed in step 1；
Static discharge unit parameter includes peak power and distribution capacity；
For peak power, it is desirable that the peak power of static discharge unit parameter is more than the power that protection respective level needs, and prevents
The power that protecting respective level needs determines that the peak power of static discharge unit parameter passes through following steps according to DO-160 requirements
It determines：
Step 3.1：Calculate the transient state source impedance of the waveform 3 and waveform 4 under DO-160 requirement middle grades 3：
Zs3=Voc3/Isc3, Zs4=Voc4/Isc4
Wherein Zs3And Zs4The transient state source impedance of the waveform 3 and waveform 4 under middle grade 3, V are required for DO-160oc3And Voc4For waveform 3
With the open-circuit voltage of waveform 4, Isc3And Isc4For the short circuit current flow of waveform 3 and waveform 4；
Step 3.2：Calculate the breakdown voltage V of static discharge unitBRWith clamp voltage Vc：
VBR=1.2 × V, Vc=1.5 × VBR
Wherein V is operating voltage；
Step 3.3：Calculate the pulse peak current that static discharge unit corresponds to waveform 3 and waveform 4：
IP3=(Voc3-Vc)/(Zs3+ Z), IP4=(Voc4-Vc)/(Zs4+Z)
Wherein Z is the direct impedance of static discharge unit；
Step 3.4：Calculate the peak power that static discharge unit corresponds to waveform 3 and waveform 4：
PP3=Vc×IP3, PP4=Vc×IP4；
For distribution capacity, it is desirable that on the premise of peak power requirements are met, distribution capacity is the smaller the better；
Common mode choke parameter includes useful signal impedance and garbage signal impedance, it is desirable that useful signal impedance is minimum, useless letter
Number impedance maximum.
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| CN1581627A (en) * | 2003-07-31 | 2005-02-16 | 华为技术有限公司 | Protective circuit |
| WO2008021279A2 (en) * | 2006-08-10 | 2008-02-21 | Fultec Semiconductor, Inc. | Adaptive transient blocking unit |
| CN201243201Y (en) * | 2008-05-15 | 2009-05-20 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Interface protection circuit for preventing over pressure and over current |
| CN201674223U (en) * | 2010-06-08 | 2010-12-15 | 杭州华三通信技术有限公司 | Interface protective circuit and interface circuit capable of realizing overvoltage protection |
| CN205407236U (en) * | 2016-03-23 | 2016-07-27 | 国网浙江省电力公司湖州供电公司 | A three -dimensional lightning protection system for electric wire netting |
| CN205945029U (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2017-02-08 | 深圳市芯启源科技有限公司 | Circuit protection system |
| CN106786469A (en) * | 2017-02-22 | 2017-05-31 | 庆安集团有限公司 | A kind of lightning protection circuit of ARINC429 buses |
-
2017
- 2017-12-20 CN CN201711380008.5A patent/CN108110743B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1581627A (en) * | 2003-07-31 | 2005-02-16 | 华为技术有限公司 | Protective circuit |
| WO2008021279A2 (en) * | 2006-08-10 | 2008-02-21 | Fultec Semiconductor, Inc. | Adaptive transient blocking unit |
| CN201243201Y (en) * | 2008-05-15 | 2009-05-20 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Interface protection circuit for preventing over pressure and over current |
| CN201674223U (en) * | 2010-06-08 | 2010-12-15 | 杭州华三通信技术有限公司 | Interface protective circuit and interface circuit capable of realizing overvoltage protection |
| CN205407236U (en) * | 2016-03-23 | 2016-07-27 | 国网浙江省电力公司湖州供电公司 | A three -dimensional lightning protection system for electric wire netting |
| CN205945029U (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2017-02-08 | 深圳市芯启源科技有限公司 | Circuit protection system |
| CN106786469A (en) * | 2017-02-22 | 2017-05-31 | 庆安集团有限公司 | A kind of lightning protection circuit of ARINC429 buses |
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| CN108110743B (en) | 2019-04-16 |
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