CN108110743B - A kind of high speed signal indirect stroke electric transient susceptibility protective device and design method - Google Patents
A kind of high speed signal indirect stroke electric transient susceptibility protective device and design method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108110743B CN108110743B CN201711380008.5A CN201711380008A CN108110743B CN 108110743 B CN108110743 B CN 108110743B CN 201711380008 A CN201711380008 A CN 201711380008A CN 108110743 B CN108110743 B CN 108110743B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage
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Abstract
The present invention proposes that a kind of high speed signal indirect stroke electric transient susceptibility protective device and design method, device are made of transient state blocking unit, static discharge unit and common mode choke；Transient state blocking unit is serially connected in the transmission path front end for needing guard signal, completes primary lightning protection；Static discharge unit, which is connected across, to be needed between guard signal input terminal and casing ground, and secondary lightning protection is completed；Common mode choke, which is connected across, to be needed between guard signal input terminal and output end, and the compatible protection of signal electromagnet is completed.The present invention combines the different characteristics of three kinds of devices, rational deployment device position, so that every kind of device plays its maximum feature.It is optimal protection effect.The present invention has abandoned tradition by lightning current in such a way that TVS pipe is released, but cleverly blocks lightning current, and when protecting late-class circuit to the greatest extent, while also ensuring normal work, distribution capacity is minimum on path.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to indirect thunder and lightning protection technology fields, are related to a kind of high speed signal indirect stroke electric transient susceptibility protection
Device and design method.
Background technique
The indirect lightning protection of avionic device is a newly-increased in recent years environmental adaptability requirement, so as to aircraft, set
Standby, personnel are protected in lightning stroke.However, being imitated as aircraft largely uses nonmetallic composite for the shielding of thunder and lightning
Fruit is worse and worse.Simultaneously with the development of electronic equipment, high speed signal is used also more and more extensively, so that the indirect thunder and lightning of high speed signal
Protection becomes a new challenge.
Currently, the method more conventional for the protection of indirect stroke electric transient susceptibility is to shield, be grounded, releasing.Due to
The particularity of aeronautical product, the protection of thunder and lightning transient state susceptibility, which cannot use, sparking, burning, electric discharge, disposable operating chacteristics
Device.It is required to quick start, the device of quick recovery characteristics is capable of after lightning stroke.Previous way generallys use signal to machine
Bridge to shell the method for transient voltage suppressor diode (TVS-Transient Voltage Suppressor).But due to Gao Gong
Rate TVS pipe junction capacity is usually larger, it is difficult to meet high speed transmission of signals requirement, cause sensitive to high speed signal indirect stroke electric transient
Degree protection is current research puzzle.
The high speed signal of information interaction in aviation electronics for equipment is mainly DVI (Digital Visual
Interface) vision signal, LVDS (Low-Voltage Differential Signaling), ethernet signal, AFDX
(Avionics Full Duplex Switched Ethernet), 1394 signals etc., be mainly characterized by speed 1Gbps with
On, differential transfer.Carry out lightning protection for the signal of such high speed should be ensured that the height between its signal couples first, on the one hand
Reduce external electromagnetic compatibility radiation, on the one hand also reduces external lightning and be coupled into the form of strong electromagnetic wave inside DVI signal.
It is a preferable safeguard procedures that high speed signal, which uses the coaxial cable of the shielded layer connect with 360 rings,.However, test discovery is high
The protection of fast signal is still not fully up to expectations, analyzes reason, main or because the low amplitude of oscillation of high speed signal requirement, junction capacitance, device
The precision of manufacturing process of part is high, will lead to signal quality decline using high-power protective device, or even be unable to complete signal transmission.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of high speed signal indirect stroke electric transient susceptibility protection
It is quick to can satisfy high-grade (3 grades or more) thunder and lightning transient state as defined in high speed signal progress DO-160 for device and design method
The requirement of sensitivity protection.
The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of high speed signal indirect stroke electric transient susceptibility protective device, it is characterised in that: by transient state blocking unit,
Static discharge unit and common mode choke composition；
Transient state blocking unit completes primary lightning protection；Transient state blocking unit is serially connected in the transmission path for needing guard signal
Front end, not by being struck by lightning when, transient state blocking unit to transmission signal be in low resistive state, be struck by lightning moment, s grades of transient state blocking unit μ
Off state is presented in starting；
Static discharge unit completes secondary lightning protection；Static discharge unit, which is connected across, needs guard signal input terminal and machine
Between shell ground, secondary protection is carried out to transient state blocking unit rear class remaining voltage, or complete not open completely in transient state blocking unit
Thunder and lightning during dynamic is released；
Common mode choke completes the compatible protection of signal electromagnet；Common mode choke be connected across need guard signal input terminal with it is defeated
Between outlet.
Further preferred embodiment, a kind of high speed signal indirect stroke electric transient susceptibility protective device, feature exist
In: static discharge unit uses transient voltage suppressor diode.
A kind of design method of high speed signal indirect stroke electric transient susceptibility protective device, it is characterised in that: including following
Step:
Step 1: the ceiling voltage for needing to protect, maximum current, minimum current are determined according to requirement of shelter；
Step 2: determining that characteristics of signals, the characteristics of signals include signal rate, distribution capacity and work in transmission path
Make electric current；
Step 3: according to step 1 and step 2 as a result, determine transient state blocking unit parameter, static discharge unit parameter and
Common mode choke parameter:
Transient state blocking unit parameter includes withstanding voltage and trigger current, and wherein transient state blocking unit withstanding voltage requires big
The ceiling voltage for needing to protect in step 1, trigger current require to be greater than maximum current when signal works normally in step 2,
Less than the minimum current for needing to protect in step 1；
Static discharge unit parameter includes peak power and distribution capacity；
For peak power, it is desirable that the peak power of static discharge unit parameter is greater than the function that protection respective level needs
Rate, the power that protection respective level needs requires to determine according to DO-160, the peak power of static discharge unit parameter by with
Lower step determines:
Step 3.1: calculate the transient state source impedance of waveform 3 and waveform 4 that DO-160 is required under middle grade 3:
Zs3=Voc3/Isc3, Zs4=Voc4/Isc4
Wherein Zs3And Zs4The transient state source impedance of the waveform 3 and waveform 4 under middle grade 3, V are required for DO-160oc3And Voc4For
The open-circuit voltage of waveform 3 and waveform 4, Isc3And Isc4For the short circuit current of waveform 3 and waveform 4；
Step 3.2: calculating the breakdown voltage V of static discharge unitBRWith clamping voltag Vc:
VBR=1.2 × V, Vc=1.5 × VBR
Wherein V is operating voltage；
Step 3.3: calculate the pulse peak current that static discharge unit corresponds to waveform 3 and waveform 4:
IP3=(Voc3-Vc)/(Zs3+ Z), IP4=(Voc4-Vc)/(Zs4+Z)
Wherein Z is the direct impedance of static discharge unit；
Step 3.4: calculate the peak power that static discharge unit corresponds to waveform 3 and waveform 4:
PP3=Vc×IP3, PP4=Vc×IP4；
For distribution capacity, it is desirable that under the premise of meeting peak power requirements, distribution capacity is the smaller the better；
Common mode choke parameter includes useful signal impedance and garbage signal impedance, it is desirable that useful signal impedance is minimum, nothing
With signal impedance maximum.
Beneficial effect
The present invention combines the different characteristics of three kinds of devices, rational deployment device position, so that every kind of device plays its maximum
Feature.It is optimal protection effect.The present invention has abandoned tradition by lightning current in such a way that TVS pipe is released, but cleverly
Lightning current is blocked, distribution capacity is most when protecting late-class circuit to the greatest extent, while also ensuring normal work, on path
It is small.
Additional aspect and advantage of the invention will be set forth in part in the description, and will partially become from the following description
Obviously, or practice through the invention is recognized.
Detailed description of the invention
Above-mentioned and/or additional aspect of the invention and advantage will become from the description of the embodiment in conjunction with the following figures
Obviously and it is readily appreciated that, in which:
Fig. 1 thunder and lightning transient state susceptibility protection circuit functional block diagram.
Fig. 2 DVI antenna efficiency principle.
Fig. 3 static discharge unit burst length and peak power response curve.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described below in detail, the embodiment is exemplary, it is intended to it is used to explain the present invention, and
It is not considered as limiting the invention.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of high speed signal indirect stroke electric transient susceptibility protective device and its design method,
Solve the problems, such as the high-grade protection of high speed signal in the prior art.
In order to achieve the goal above, means of defence of the invention improves protective capacities in terms of several.First, believing protection
Number feature analyzed.Second, to needing that thunder and lightning transient state sensitivity grade is protected to analyze.Third, selecting suitable thunder
Electric protective device designs suitable lightning protection circuit.
The high speed signal of information interaction in aviation electronics for equipment is mainly DVI (Digital Visual
Interface) vision signal, LVDS (Low-Voltage Differential Signaling), ethernet signal, AFDX
(Avionics Full Duplex Switched Ethernet), 1394 signals etc., be mainly characterized by speed 1Gbps with
On, differential transfer.Carry out lightning protection for the signal of such high speed should be ensured that the height between its signal couples first, on the one hand
Reduce external electromagnetic compatibility radiation, on the one hand also reduces external lightning and be coupled into the form of strong electromagnetic wave inside DVI signal.
It is a preferable safeguard procedures that high speed signal, which uses the coaxial cable of the shielded layer connect with 360 rings,.However, test discovery is high
The protection of fast signal is still not fully up to expectations, analyzes reason, is primarily due to the low amplitude of oscillation of high speed signal requirement, junction capacitance, device
Precision of manufacturing process it is high, will lead to signal quality decline using high-power protective device, or even be unable to complete signal transmission.
The present embodiment is gripped using transient state blocking unit (TBU), static discharge unit (transient voltage suppressor diode), common mode
The reasonably combined scheme of stream three kinds of devices of circle, as shown in Figure 1.
Transient state blocking unit completes primary lightning protection and most important primary protection.Transient state blocking unit is serially connected in
Need the front end of the transmission path of guard signal, not by being struck by lightning when, transient state blocking unit to useful signal be in low resistive state, protect
The undamped transmission of signal is demonstrate,proved, is struck by lightning moment, off state is presented in transient state blocking unit quick start (s grades of μ).
Static discharge unit completes secondary lightning protection, can choose transient voltage according to the difference of characteristics of signals and inhibits two
Pole pipe (TVS).Be connected across and needed between guard signal input terminal and casing ground, for inhibit to transient state blocking unit due to
Start time delay or repeatedly residual voltage in lightning stroke process, prevents residual voltage from increasing the damage generated to rear class.
Common mode choke completes the compatible protection of signal electromagnet, is connected across and needs between guard signal input terminal and output end,
The common mode choke for choosing different parameters according to characteristics of signals provides purer letter to rear class to realize the filtering to signal
Number quality.
By taking the DVI signal of 1280 × 1024@60Hz of resolution ratio carries out the regulation A3J3L3 grade protection of DO-160 standard as an example
Illustrate corresponding design method
One, requirement of shelter determines；The ceiling voltage for needing to protect, maximum current, minimum current are determined according to requirement of shelter.
Table 1 is that stitch injects test request, and table 2 is that bunch of cables injects test request, and table 3 is that table 4 is bunch of cables single-stroke
Table of grading is tested, table 5 is that the more strokes of bunch of cables test table of grading, and table 6 is that the more transient pulse groups of bunch of cables test table of grading.
Table 1
Table 2
Table 3
Table 4
Table 5
Table 6
It can be concluded that, most harsh situation is considered from table, and the ceiling voltage for needing to protect is 600V, and maximum current is
600A, minimum current 6A.
Two: characteristics of signals determines；Including signal rate, distribution capacity in transmission path, operating current；
The DVI signal of 1280 × 1024@60Hz of resolution ratio, transmission rate calculation method are as follows:
The video of 1280 × 1024@60Hz resolution ratio considers crop, back porch, real standard resolution ratio according to VESA standard
It is 1066 pixels for 1688 pixels, vertical resolution, the dot clock frequencies of one width picture are 1688 × 1066@60Hz=
108Mbps considers further that DVI signal transmits 8B/10B serial code, and the practical differential signal rate transmitted on DVI line reaches
1Gbps or more.To meet signal integrity requirement, the distribution capacity in transmission path should not exceed 10pF.
Operating current: according to DVI signal working principle, as shown in Fig. 2, electric current is equal to AVCC/R on DVI signal wireT=
3.3V/50 Ω=66mA.
Three, transient state blocking unit parameter determines；
Transient state blocking unit is considered as 2 major parameters:
Withstanding voltage: transient state blocking unit withstanding voltage should be greater than ceiling voltage requirement in (1) item, without excessively considering
It is resistant to the requirement of electric current.
Trigger current: trigger current should be greater than maximum current when useful signal works normally, and require most less than lightning stroke
Low current.
According to above-mentioned requirements, the TBU-CA085-500-WH of BOURNS company, withstanding voltage 850V, trigger current are chosen
500mA。
Four, static discharge unit parameter determines；Static discharge unit parameter includes peak power and distribution capacity；
For peak power, it is desirable that the peak power of static discharge unit parameter is greater than the function that protection respective level needs
Rate, the power that protection respective level needs requires to determine according to DO-160, the peak power of static discharge unit parameter by with
Lower step determines:
Step 3.1: calculate the transient state source impedance of waveform 3 and waveform 4 that DO-160 is required under middle grade 3:
Zs3=Voc3/Isc3=600/24=25 Ω, Zs4=Voc4/Isc4=300/60=5 Ω
Wherein Zs3And Zs4The transient state source impedance of the waveform 3 and waveform 4 under middle grade 3, V are required for DO-160oc3And Voc4For
The open-circuit voltage of waveform 3 and waveform 4, Isc3And Isc4For the short circuit current of waveform 3 and waveform 4；
Step 3.2: calculating the breakdown voltage V of static discharge unitBRWith clamping voltag Vc:
VBR=1.2 × V=1.2*3.3=3.96V, Vc=1.5 × VBR=1.5*3.96=5.96V
Wherein V is operating voltage；
Step 3.3: calculate the pulse peak current that static discharge unit corresponds to waveform 3 and waveform 4:
IP3=(Voc3-Vc)/(Zs3+ Z)=(600-5.96)/(25+10)=17A
IP4=(Voc4-Vc)/(Zs4+ Z)=(300-5.96)/(5+10)=19.6A
Wherein Z is the direct impedance of static discharge unit；
Step 3.4: calculate the peak power that static discharge unit corresponds to waveform 3 and waveform 4:
PP3=Vc×IP3=5.96 × 17=101.32W, PP4=Vc×IP4=5.96 × 19.6=116.82W；
For distribution capacity, it is desirable that under the premise of meeting peak power requirements, distribution capacity is the smaller the better；, according to letter
The difference of number characteristic, it is desirable that distribution capacity it is also different, general distribution capacity should not exceed 5pF.
According to above-mentioned calculating, the SRV05-4LC of Protek company is chosen, peak power is 500W at 20 μm, is much larger than
116.82W requirement, distribution capacity are 0.7pF less than 5pF requirement.
Five, common mode choke parameter determines；
Common mode inductance selection should follow EMC Requirements, choose useful signal impedance minimum according to device handbook, useless
Signal impedance maximum principle.
It is required according to electromagnetic compatible environment, chooses common mode choke model SCM3216-601P.
Binding signal feature of the present invention, protection level requirements reasonably select protective device, rationally design protection circuit, full
High-grade thunder and lightning transient state sensibility protection is realized while sufficient high speed transmission of signals.
Although the embodiments of the present invention has been shown and described above, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is example
Property, it is not considered as limiting the invention, those skilled in the art are not departing from the principle of the present invention and objective
In the case where can make changes, modifications, alterations, and variations to the above described embodiments within the scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of high speed signal indirect stroke electric transient susceptibility protective device, it is characterised in that: released by transient state blocking unit, electrostatic
Put unit and common mode choke composition；
Transient state blocking unit completes primary lightning protection；Before transient state blocking unit is serially connected in the transmission path for needing guard signal
End, not by being struck by lightning when, transient state blocking unit is in low resistive state to transmission signal, is struck by lightning moment, s grades of transient state blocking unit μ opens
It is dynamic, off state is presented；
Static discharge unit completes secondary lightning protection；Static discharge unit is connected across with needing guard signal input terminal and casing
Between, secondary protection is carried out to transient state blocking unit rear class remaining voltage, or complete not start completely in transient state blocking unit
Thunder and lightning in journey is released；
Common mode choke completes the compatible protection of signal electromagnet；Common mode choke, which is connected across, needs guard signal input terminal and output end
Between.
2. a kind of high speed signal indirect stroke electric transient susceptibility protective device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: electrostatic
Releasing unit uses transient voltage suppressor diode.
3. the design method of high speed signal indirect stroke electric transient susceptibility protective device, feature described in a kind of claim 1 exist
In: the following steps are included:
Step 1: the ceiling voltage for needing to protect, maximum current, minimum current are determined according to requirement of shelter；
Step 2: determining that characteristics of signals, the characteristics of signals include signal rate, the distribution capacity in transmission path and work electricity
Stream；
Step 3: according to step 1 and step 2 as a result, determining transient state blocking unit parameter, static discharge unit parameter and common mode
Choke parameters:
Transient state blocking unit parameter includes withstanding voltage and trigger current, and wherein transient state blocking unit withstanding voltage requires to be greater than step
The ceiling voltage for needing to protect in rapid 1, trigger current require to be greater than maximum current when useful signal works normally in step 2,
Less than the minimum current for needing to protect in step 1；
Static discharge unit parameter includes peak power and distribution capacity；
For peak power, it is desirable that the peak power of static discharge unit parameter is greater than the power that protection respective level needs, and prevents
It protects the power that respective level needs to require to determine according to DO-160, the peak power of static discharge unit parameter passes through following steps
It determines:
Step 3.1: calculate the transient state source impedance of waveform 3 and waveform 4 that DO-160 is required under middle grade 3:
Zs3=Voc3/Isc3, Zs4=Voc4/Isc4
Wherein Zs3And Zs4The transient state source impedance of the waveform 3 and waveform 4 under middle grade 3, V are required for DO-160oc3And Voc4For waveform 3
With the open-circuit voltage of waveform 4, Isc3And Isc4For the short circuit current of waveform 3 and waveform 4；
Step 3.2: calculating the breakdown voltage V of static discharge unitBRWith clamping voltag Vc:
VBR=1.2 × V, Vc=1.5 × VBR
Wherein V is operating voltage；
Step 3.3: calculate the pulse peak current that static discharge unit corresponds to waveform 3 and waveform 4:
IP3=(Voc3-Vc)/(Zs3+ Z), IP4=(Voc4-Vc)/(Zs4+Z)
Wherein Z is the direct impedance of static discharge unit；
Step 3.4: calculate the peak power that static discharge unit corresponds to waveform 3 and waveform 4:
PP3=Vc×IP3, PP4=Vc×IP4；
For distribution capacity, it is desirable that under the premise of meeting peak power requirements, distribution capacity is the smaller the better；
Common mode choke parameter includes useful signal impedance and garbage signal impedance, it is desirable that useful signal impedance is minimum, useless letter
Number impedance maximum.
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| CN1581627A (en) * | 2003-07-31 | 2005-02-16 | 华为技术有限公司 | Protective circuit |
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| CN201243201Y (en) * | 2008-05-15 | 2009-05-20 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Interface protection circuit for preventing over pressure and over current |
| CN201674223U (en) * | 2010-06-08 | 2010-12-15 | 杭州华三通信技术有限公司 | Interface protective circuit and interface circuit capable of realizing overvoltage protection |
| CN205407236U (en) * | 2016-03-23 | 2016-07-27 | 国网浙江省电力公司湖州供电公司 | A three -dimensional lightning protection system for electric wire netting |
| CN205945029U (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2017-02-08 | 深圳市芯启源科技有限公司 | Circuit protection system |
| CN106786469A (en) * | 2017-02-22 | 2017-05-31 | 庆安集团有限公司 | A kind of lightning protection circuit of ARINC429 buses |
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2017
- 2017-12-20 CN CN201711380008.5A patent/CN108110743B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1581627A (en) * | 2003-07-31 | 2005-02-16 | 华为技术有限公司 | Protective circuit |
| WO2008021279A2 (en) * | 2006-08-10 | 2008-02-21 | Fultec Semiconductor, Inc. | Adaptive transient blocking unit |
| CN201243201Y (en) * | 2008-05-15 | 2009-05-20 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Interface protection circuit for preventing over pressure and over current |
| CN201674223U (en) * | 2010-06-08 | 2010-12-15 | 杭州华三通信技术有限公司 | Interface protective circuit and interface circuit capable of realizing overvoltage protection |
| CN205407236U (en) * | 2016-03-23 | 2016-07-27 | 国网浙江省电力公司湖州供电公司 | A three -dimensional lightning protection system for electric wire netting |
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| CN106786469A (en) * | 2017-02-22 | 2017-05-31 | 庆安集团有限公司 | A kind of lightning protection circuit of ARINC429 buses |
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| CN108110743A (en) | 2018-06-01 |
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