CN108110087A - 一种低线宽mwt硅太阳能电池的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种低线宽mwt硅太阳能电池的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108110087A
CN108110087A CN201711384127.8A CN201711384127A CN108110087A CN 108110087 A CN108110087 A CN 108110087A CN 201711384127 A CN201711384127 A CN 201711384127A CN 108110087 A CN108110087 A CN 108110087A
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李质磊
安欣睿
逯好峰
吴仕梁
路忠林
盛雯婷
张凤鸣
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Nanjing Day Care Pv Polytron Technologies Inc
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Abstract

本发明公开一种低线宽MWT硅太阳能电池的制备方法,包括以下步骤:选取硅片、激光打孔、制绒、扩散、掩膜、刻蚀、镀膜、背面电极制备、铝背场印刷、正面电极制备和烧结,正面电极制备采用丝网印刷的方法印刷MWT硅太阳能电池正面电极,正面电极分两次印刷,第一次印刷采用常规银浆,通过丝网印刷方式印刷MWT硅太阳能电池部分正面电极栅线;第二次印刷将第一次印刷后的硅衬底顺时针旋转90°后,采用常规银浆,通过丝网印刷方式印刷MWT硅太阳能电池剩余部分正面电极栅线;两次印刷后形成完整的MWT硅太阳能电池正面电极图案,收集并导出载流子。本发明低线宽MWT硅太阳能电池通过正面栅线的两次印刷,解决不同印刷方向高宽比差异的问题,为低线宽的细栅制备提供了空间。

Description

一种低线宽MWT硅太阳能电池的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及硅太阳能电池制造领域,具体涉及一种低线宽MWT硅太阳能电池的制备方法。
背景技术
晶体硅太阳能技术包括异质结太阳能电池(HIT),背电极接触硅太阳能电池(IBC),发射极环绕穿通硅太阳能电池(EWT),激光刻槽埋栅电池,倾斜蒸发金属接触硅太阳能电池(OECO)及金属穿孔卷绕硅太阳能电池(MWT硅太阳能电池)等,其中MWT硅太阳能电池因其效率高,遮光面积小以及更好的外观特点受到越来越多的关注。MWT硅太阳能电池晶硅太阳能电池是通过激光钻孔将正面收集的能量穿过电池转移至电池背面,以减少遮光面积来达到提高转换效率的目的。
丝网印刷技术由于低成本、高产量等优点一直是晶硅电池制备电极的主要技术,而通过丝网印刷制备的正面栅线,其高宽比的改善一直是业内的主攻方向之一。随着丝网技术的发展,印刷烧结后的栅线宽度从超过100μm逐渐降低到目前的40μm左右,大大提升了电池片的转换效率。
目前,MWT硅太阳能电池的正面电极制备沿用常规丝网印刷技术,采用能穿透氮化硅的银浆制备正面栅线电极(图1)。由于MWT硅太阳能电池正面电极图形的特殊性,在与印刷方向的不同角度上均有栅线,引起不同角度的栅线,特别是垂直印刷方向的栅线的高宽比受到很大影响,限制了MWT硅太阳能电池正面电极的优化空间。如何解决不同方向栅线的高宽比是MWT硅太阳能电池亟待解决的难点问题。
发明内容
发明目的:为克服现有技术不足,本发明旨在提供一种低线宽MWT硅太阳能电池的制备方法。
技术方案:为解决上述技术问题,本发明提供如下技术方案:
一种低线宽MWT硅太阳能电池的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)选取硅片:采用太阳能级P型单晶或多晶硅片作为衬底;
2)激光打孔:在衬底上激光开孔洞,孔洞为M×N的阵列,M和N均为正整数;
3)制绒:使用常规化学清洗和织构化方法进行制绒;
4)扩散:使用POCl3扩散源进行高温单面扩散;
5)掩膜:分别在硅片背表面以步骤2)所开的各孔洞为圆心,制备直径为0.1-10mm的圆形有机掩膜;
6)刻蚀:使用化学溶液进行刻蚀,去除周边及背面PN结,清洗有机掩膜,去除扩散后硅衬底表面的磷硅玻璃;
7)镀膜:使用PECVD制备氮化硅减反膜;
8)背面电极制备:采用丝网印刷的方法印刷MWT硅太阳能电池正负极点;
9)铝背场印刷:采用丝网印刷的方法印刷制备铝背场;
10)正面电极制备:采用丝网印刷的方法印刷MWT硅太阳能电池正面电极,正面电极分两次印刷,第一次印刷采用常规银浆,通过丝网印刷方式印刷MWT硅太阳能电池部分正面电极栅线;第二次印刷将第一次印刷后的硅衬底顺时针旋转90°后,采用常规银浆,通过丝网印刷方式印刷MWT硅太阳能电池剩余部分正面电极栅线;两次印刷后形成完整的MWT硅太阳能电池正面电极图案,收集并导出载流子;
11)烧结:在链式炉中进行烘干和烧结。
优选,所述步骤2)中孔洞形状为圆形、方形或锥形。
优选,所述步骤5)中掩膜制备方法为丝网印刷或喷墨打印法。
优选,所述步骤10)中第一次印刷和第二次印刷的栅线均包括主栅和副栅。
有益效果:本发明低线宽MWT硅太阳能电池通过正面栅线的两次印刷,解决不同印刷方向高宽比差异的问题,为低线宽的细栅制备提供了空间。
附图说明
图1为本发明正面电极第一次印刷示意图;
图2为本发明正面电极第二次印刷示意图;
图3为本发明两次印刷后完整的正面电极示意图。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种低线宽MWT硅太阳能电池的制备方法,以回字型MWT硅太阳能电池正面电极1图案为例,包括以下步骤:
1)选取硅片:采用太阳能级P型单晶或多晶硅片作为衬底;
2)激光打孔:在衬底上激光开孔洞2,孔洞2为6×6的阵列;孔洞2形状为圆形、方形或锥形;
3)制绒:使用常规化学清洗和织构化方法进行制绒;
4)扩散:使用POCl3扩散源进行高温单面扩散;
5)掩膜:分别在硅片背表面以步骤2)所开的各孔洞2为圆心,制备直径为2mm的圆形有机掩膜;掩膜制备方法为丝网印刷;
6)刻蚀:使用化学溶液进行刻蚀,去除周边及背面PN结,清洗有机掩膜,去除扩散后硅衬底表面的磷硅玻璃;
7)镀膜:使用PECVD制备氮化硅减反膜;
8)背面电极制备:采用丝网印刷的方法印刷MWT硅太阳能电池正负极点;
9)铝背场印刷:采用丝网印刷的方法印刷制备铝背场;
10)电极制备:采用丝网印刷的方法印刷MWT硅太阳能电池正面电极1,正面电极1分两次印刷,第一次印刷如图1所示采用常规银浆,通过丝网印刷方式印刷MWT硅太阳能电池部分正面电极1栅线;第二次印刷将第一次印刷后的硅衬底顺时针旋转90°后如图2所示,采用常规银浆,通过丝网印刷方式印刷MWT硅太阳能电池剩余部分正面电极1栅线;第一次印刷和第二次印刷的栅线均包括主栅3和副栅4,如图3所示,两次印刷后形成完整的MWT硅太阳能电池正面电极1图案,收集并导出载流子;
11)烧结:在链式炉中进行烘干和烧结。
本发明低线宽正面电极图形MWT硅太阳能电池通过正面栅线的两次印刷,解决不同印刷方向高宽比差异的问题,为低线宽的细栅制备提供了空间。
本发明未提及的技术均为现有技术。

Claims (4)

1.一种低线宽MWT硅太阳能电池的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
1)选取硅片:采用太阳能级P型单晶或多晶硅片作为衬底;
2)激光打孔:在衬底上激光开孔洞(2),孔洞(2)为M×N的阵列,M和N均为正整数;
3)制绒:使用常规化学清洗和织构化方法进行制绒;
4)扩散:使用POCl3扩散源进行高温单面扩散;
5)掩膜:分别在硅片背表面以步骤2)所开的各孔洞(2)为圆心,制备直径为0.1-10mm的圆形有机掩膜;
6)刻蚀:使用化学溶液进行刻蚀,去除周边及背面PN结,清洗有机掩膜,去除扩散后硅衬底表面的磷硅玻璃;
7)镀膜:使用PECVD制备氮化硅减反膜;
8)背面电极制备:采用丝网印刷的方法印刷MWT硅太阳能电池正负极点;
9)铝背场印刷:采用丝网印刷的方法印刷制备铝背场;
10)正面电极制备:采用丝网印刷的方法印刷MWT硅太阳能电池正面电极(1),正面电极(1)分两次印刷,第一次印刷采用常规银浆,通过丝网印刷方式印刷MWT硅太阳能电池部分正面电极(1)栅线;第二次印刷将第一次印刷后的硅衬底顺时针旋转90°后,采用常规银浆,通过丝网印刷方式印刷MWT硅太阳能电池剩余部分正面电极(1)栅线;两次印刷后形成完整的MWT硅太阳能电池正面电极(1)图案,收集并导出载流子;
11)烧结:在链式炉中进行烘干和烧结。
2.根据权利要求1所述的低线宽MWT硅太阳能电池的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤2)中孔洞(2)形状为圆形、方形或锥形。
3.根据权利要求1所述的低线宽MWT硅太阳能电池的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤5)中掩膜制备方法为丝网印刷或喷墨打印法。
4.根据权利要求1所述的低线宽MWT硅太阳能电池的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤10)中第一次印刷和第二次印刷的栅线均包括主栅(3)和副栅(4)。
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CN103107211A (zh) * 2013-01-15 2013-05-15 常州亿晶光电科技有限公司 一种晶硅太阳能电池及其制作方法
CN204315584U (zh) * 2015-01-05 2015-05-06 无锡德鑫太阳能电力有限公司 一种新型电极结构的太阳能电池片

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CN110690299A (zh) * 2019-10-21 2020-01-14 华南理工大学 光伏太阳能电池电极栅线原位二次印刷装置及方法
CN113997709A (zh) * 2021-12-29 2022-02-01 南京日托光伏新能源有限公司 实现mwt电池正面栅线细线化的印刷方法

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