CN108106417A - 一种大型金属锭微波加热装置 - Google Patents
一种大型金属锭微波加热装置 Download PDFInfo
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- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/06—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity heated without contact between combustion gases and charge; electrically heated
- F27B9/062—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity heated without contact between combustion gases and charge; electrically heated electrically heated
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
- F27B9/20—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace
- F27B9/24—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace being carried by a conveyor
- F27B9/2407—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace being carried by a conveyor the conveyor being constituted by rollers (roller hearth furnace)
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
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- F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
- F27D1/18—Door frames; Doors, lids, removable covers
- F27D1/1858—Doors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
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Abstract
本发明公开一种大型金属锭微波加热装置,包括微波发生器、加热腔体和输送装置,所述加热腔体设置为隧道式腔体、其两端为进口和出口,所述通口处设置活动密封门,所述加热腔体内设置输送装置,所述输送装置沿隧道式腔体的长度方向设置、且输送装置从隧道式腔体的两端通口穿入和穿出,所述加热腔体上设置微波发生器,所述微波发生器管道连通加热腔体内部。本发明采用微波作为加热手段,大大提高了大型金属锭加热效率和升温速度,降低了能耗,同时,通过输送装置与微波加热腔体的结合,使金属锭的输入和输出更加省力方便,简化了设备构造,缩短了工艺流程,节省了人工劳力的投入,实现自动控制。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于微波冶金设备技术领域,涉及一种结构简单、使用方便的大型金属锭微波加热装置。
背景技术
随着冶金与材料工业的技术进步,金属冶金对硬件设备的要求越来越高,金属冶金工业经常对大型金属锭进行加热处理,但传统的电/气加热炉能耗高,规模大,加热时间长,效率低,不能满足高效、节能、环保以及灵活机动的生产模式需求,而且对传统加热模式的改进对实际效果的提升非常不明显,所以开发清洁、高效、环保、短流程的新型金属锭大型加热装备,对改善传统金属锭加热模式,推动金属压力加工及热处理等领域技术进步具有重要的现实意义;微波加热方式具有高效、节能和环保的技术优势,在工业中具有广泛应用前景,特别是大型微波装备,能够连续处理、易于实现自动化的特点,广泛应用于各工业领域,因此,结合微波加热的原理和冶金设备现有的问题,研发一种金属锭微波加热装置,即能够提升金属冶金的高效性,又能规避传统冶金加热方式的环保弊端。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种结构简单、使用方便、工作稳定的大型金属锭微波加热装置。
本发明的目的是这样实现的,包括微波发生器、加热腔体和输送装置,所述加热腔体设置为隧道式腔体、其两端为进口和出口,所述通口处设置活动密封门,所述加热腔体内设置输送装置,所述输送装置沿隧道式腔体的长度方向设置、且输送装置从隧道式腔体的两端通口穿入和穿出,所述加热腔体上设置微波发生器,所述微波发生器管道连通加热腔体内部。
本发明采用微波作为加热手段,可实现金属锭快速高效加热过程,微波作为一种电磁波,对物质具有选择性加热和穿透性整体加热的特点,它是通过微波能在物料内部的能量转换来实现的,能源利用率和加热效率高;本发明采用多晶莫来石板、氧化镁/氧化铝砖等透波介质作为保温材料,采用碳化硅板、碳化硅/氧化铁复合材料板、碳化硅/石英复合材料板等材料作为金属物料加热元件,实现对微波能量的吸收转化,使炉腔内部快速升温至设定温度,并实现金属锭的快速加热过程,大大提高了大型金属锭加热效率和升温速度,升温速率可达40℃/min以上,降低了能耗,同时,通过输送装置与微波加热腔体的结合,使金属锭的输入和输出更加省力方便,简化了设备构造,缩短了工艺流程,节省了人工劳力的投入,实现自动控制,在金属加工及热处理等领域具有重要革命意义,具有广泛的推广前景。
附图说明
图1为本发明结构示意图;
图2为图1的左视示意图;
图3为图1中A-A向剖视示意图;
图4为图1中B-B向剖视示意图;
图5为图2中C-C向剖视示意图;
图6为图5中D-D向剖视示意图;
图中:1-微波发生器,2-输送装置,21-轨道,22-传送辊,23-支撑杆,3-热电偶,4-保护罩,5-液压伸缩杆,6-微波入口,7-保温层,8-加热元件,9-活动密封门,10-红外检测器,11-矩形波导管,12-机架。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步的说明,但不得以任何方式对本发明加以限制,基于本发明教导所作的任何变更或改进,均属于本发明的保护范围。
如图1~6所示,本发明包括微波发生器1、加热腔体和输送装置2,所述加热腔体设置为隧道式腔体、其两端为进口和出口,所述通口处设置活动密封门9,所述加热腔体内设置输送装置2,所述输送装置2沿隧道式腔体的长度方向设置、且输送装置2从隧道式腔体的两端通口穿入和穿出,所述加热腔体上设置微波发生器1,所述微波发生器1管道连通加热腔体内部,微波发生器1上安装有金属铝循环水冷套,采用循环水强制冷却,保证微波源连续工作,金属铝循环水冷套为具有内腔的铝套,套在微波发生器上,通过内腔的进出口冷水循环对微波发生器进行持续冷却。
本装置还包括热电偶3和电控主板,所述热电偶3设置在加热腔体顶部,所述热电偶3电性反馈连接电控主板,所述电控主板电性控制微波发生器1电源和输送装置2的驱动电机。电控主板上设置显示屏,热电偶3所反馈的信息在显示屏上显示,即可根据温度信息进行相应的操作。采用热电偶进行测温,并通过对腔体内部气氛温度及加热元器件外壁温度进行实时监测来调控微波功率,其中热电偶测温范围为0~1200℃。
所述加热腔体外层为保护罩、内层为保温层,所述微波发生器设置在保护罩与保温层之间,所述保温层内壁设置加热元件。
所述加热腔体设置为矩形截面的腔体,所述微波发生器1通过矩形波导管11连通加热腔体内部。
所述加热腔体内部的顶面和侧面设置加热元件8,所述加热元件8设置为厚度为10~20mm的矩形板,加热元件8的材质为碳化硅板、碳化硅-氧化铁复合材料板或碳化硅-石英复合材料板,所述加热腔体内层的顶部和两侧设置微波入口6连通矩形微波导管11,所述微波入口6设置为排布均匀的矩形入口。
所述热电偶3沿加热腔体长度方向在加热腔体顶部均匀设置2~4个,热电偶3的间距设置为0.8~1.5m。
所述活动密封门9的上端连接液压伸缩缸5的伸缩端,所述液压伸缩缸5固定设置在加热腔体的进口/出口端面上,所述液压伸缩缸5的控制开关电性连接电控主板。
所述加热腔体的进口/出口端面下部设置红外检测器10,所述红外检测器10的检测头正对活动密封门9的运动极限下端位置。红外检测器电性连接电控主板,反馈检测信息,当密封活动门9下端移动至密封位置,红外检测器反馈密封信息至主板,即可进行加热等操作,当密封活动门9离开检测位置,红外检测器反馈非密封状态至电控主板,必须立刻停止加热操作,并能够执行输入或输出金属锭的操作。
所述输送装置2包括轨道21、传送辊22和支撑杆23,所述支撑杆23上面设置轨道21,所述轨道21平行设置两根穿过加热腔体,所述轨道21之间水平设置传送辊22,所述传送辊22的高度为0.8~1.2m。
所述活动密封门9的边缘设置检波二极管,所述检波二极管电性连接电控主板,所述电控主板上设置蜂鸣器,当活动密封门9关闭后,检波二级管检测到有微波泄漏时,反馈信号给电控主板,电控主板上的蜂鸣器报警,保温层7为多晶莫来石板或氧化镁-氧化铝砖。
本发明中微波发生器频率主要为2450±50MHz或915±50MHz,微波发生器功率为0~200kW之间,但不局限于此,采用多种组合的方式,微波功率可调,可通过调节微波总功率来控制升温速率,微波发生器采用水冷却方式保证连续运行。
本发明装置具有循环水安全预警及微波防泄漏预警装置,在未通入循环水条件下,将启动报警或断电保护,并在活动密封门处安装微波发射系统与活动密封门闭合联动装置,保证活动密封门闭合时开机,防止微波泄露。
本发明采用热电偶测温,热电偶由腔体顶盖插入炉内及加热元器件外部,实行多段控温,测试温度范围为0~1200℃,采用PLC控制系统进行实时控制,通过反馈的温度信号调节微波馈入功率实现温度调控。
本发明工作原理及工作过程:
本发明采用微波作为加热手段,可实现金属锭快速高效加热过程,微波作为一种电磁波,对物质具有选择性加热和穿透性整体加热的特点,它是通过微波能在物料内部的能量转换来实现的,能源利用率和加热效率高;本发明采用透波介质作为保温材料,采用碳化硅板、碳化硅/氧化铁复合材料板、碳化硅/石英复合材料板等材料作为金属物料加热元件,实现对微波能量的吸收转化,大大提高了大型金属锭加热效率和升温速度,升温速率可达40℃/min以上,降低了能耗,同时,通过输送装置与微波加热腔体的结合,使金属锭的输入和输出更加省力方便,简化了设备构造,缩短了工艺流程,节省了人工劳力的投入,实现自动控制,在金属加工及热处理等领域具有重要革命意义,具有广泛的推广前景。
本发明的操作步骤为开启循环冷却水和总电源、开启前端活动密封门、金属锭从输送辊进入微波腔体中,关闭活动密封门,馈入微波加热,工艺完成后停止微波馈入,并开启后端活动密封门出料。
Claims (10)
1.一种大型金属锭微波加热装置,其特征是:包括微波发生器(1)、加热腔体和输送装置(2),所述加热腔体设置为隧道式腔体、其两端为进口和出口,所述通口处设置活动密封门(9),所述加热腔体内设置输送装置(2),所述输送装置(2)沿隧道式腔体的长度方向设置、且输送装置(2)从隧道式腔体的进口穿入、出口穿出,所述加热腔体上设置微波发生器(1),所述微波发生器(1)管道连通加热腔体内部,微波发生器(1)上安装有金属铝循环水冷套。
2.根据权利要求1所述的大型金属锭微波加热装置,其特征是:还包括热电偶(3)和电控主板,所述热电偶(3)设置在加热腔体顶部,所述热电偶(3)电性反馈连接电控主板,所述电控主板电性控制微波发生器(1)电源和输送装置(2)的驱动电机。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的大型金属锭微波加热装置,其特征是:所述加热腔体外层为保护罩(4)、内层为保温层(7),所述微波发生器(1)设置在保护罩(4)与保温层(7)之间,所述保温层(7)内壁设置加热元件(8)。
4.根据权利要求3所述的大型金属锭微波加热装置,其特征是:所述加热腔体设置为矩形截面的腔体,所述微波发生器(1)通过矩形波导管(11)连通加热腔体内部。
5.根据权利要求4所述的大型金属锭微波加热装置,其特征是:所述加热腔体内部的顶面和侧面设置加热元件(8),所述加热元件(8)设置为厚度为10~20mm的矩形板,加热元件(8)的材质为碳化硅板、碳化硅-氧化铁复合材料板或碳化硅-石英复合材料板,所述加热腔体内层的顶部和/或两侧设置微波入口(6)连通矩形微波导管(11),所述微波入口(6)设置为排布均匀的矩形入口。
6.根据权利要求2所述的大型金属锭微波加热装置,其特征是:所述热电偶(3)沿加热腔体长度方向在加热腔体顶部均匀设置2~4个,热电偶(3)的间距设置为0.8~1.5m。
7.根据权利要求1所述的大型金属锭微波加热装置,其特征是:所述活动密封门(9)的上端连接液压伸缩缸(5)的伸缩端,所述液压伸缩缸(5)固定设置在加热腔体的进口/出口端面上,所述液压伸缩缸(5)的控制开关电性连接电控主板。
8.根据权利要求7所述的大型金属锭微波加热装置,其特征是:所述加热腔体的进口/出口端面下部设置红外检测器(10),所述红外检测器(10)的检测头正对活动密封门(9)的运动极限下端位置,红外检测器(10)电性连接电控主板。
9.根据权利要求1所述的大型金属锭微波加热装置,其特征是:所述输送装置(2)包括轨道(21)、传送辊(22)和支撑杆(23),所述支撑杆(23)上面设置轨道(21),所述轨道(21)平行设置两根穿过加热腔体,所述轨道(21)之间水平设置传送辊(22),所述传送辊(22)的高度为0.8~1.2m。
10.根据权利要求3所述的大型金属锭微波加热装置,其特征是:所述活动密封门(9)的边缘设置检波二极管,所述检波二极管电性连接电控主板,所述电控主板上设置蜂鸣器,保温层(7)为多晶莫来石板或氧化镁-氧化铝砖。
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