CN108106039B - Multi-channel shunt vascular refrigerator - Google Patents
Multi-channel shunt vascular refrigerator Download PDFInfo
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- CN108106039B CN108106039B CN201611044017.2A CN201611044017A CN108106039B CN 108106039 B CN108106039 B CN 108106039B CN 201611044017 A CN201611044017 A CN 201611044017A CN 108106039 B CN108106039 B CN 108106039B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/14—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle
- F25B9/145—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle pulse-tube cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
- F25B2309/14—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the cycle used
- F25B2309/1411—Pulse-tube cycles characterised by control details, e.g. tuning, phase shifting or general control
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- Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of multi-channel shunt vascular refrigerators, including cold head, compression mechanism and phase converter, wherein cold head is arranged n grades altogether, every level-one cold head is sequentially connected with by radiator, regenerator, cooling capacity heat exchanger and vascular, compression mechanism has n compression chamber, each compression chamber is connected with every level-one cold head respectively, the hot end of the vascular of level-one cold head is connected with the vascular cold end of another grade of cold head, the vascular of afterbody is connect with phase converter, is provided with phase modulation air reservoir between at least n-1 grades of cold head and corresponding compression chamber.Compared with prior art, the present invention introduces phase modulation air reservoir between cold head and compression chamber, to make the distribution of phase modulation and function that can carry out respectively, scavenging volume ratio is deferred in the distribution of function, and doing scavenging volume makes greatly the scavenging volume of one of compression chamber meet phase modulation requirement, whens other compression chamber scavenging volume surpluses, is balanced remainder with phase modulation air reservoir, the requirement of phase modulation had not only been met in this way, but also met the assignment problem of function.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to refrigeration machine technical fields, more particularly, to multi-channel shunt vascular refrigerator.
Background technique
In multi-channel shunt vascular refrigerator, the expansion work of vasculars at different levels finally pools together indoor temperature end, in room temperature
An inertia tube can be used in end.Due to being an inertia tube, heat transfer loss and friction loss are small for multiple inertia tubes,
To obtain better phase modulation effect.Due to the presence of bypass, DC component is difficult to avoid, and the inhibition of DC component is answered from engineering
It is sufficiently complex with seeing.A kind of method that eliminating DC component from structure is that cylinder is divided into several gas using step piston
Cylinder, every grade uses independent regenerator, and each cylinder is supplied to every grade.This structure theoretically eliminates DC component, but
There are problems that the distribution of phase modulation and function.Theoretically, the allocation proportion of work done during compression to the first order and the second level is and the first order
It is related with the scavenging volume of second level piston ratio.From the perspective of phase modulation, the phase modulation of every level-one needs sweeping for corresponding cylinder
Air space can just make the phase difference between the air-flow and pressure of regenerator cold end at best.In general, the distribution of function and phase modulation are same
When the occasion that meets it is very small.Therefore, although multi-channel shunt vascular refrigerator is a kind of multi-stage pulse tube system that structure is the compactest
The form of cold, but to nowadays still without becoming main multi-level form.
Due to thering is extra expansion work to recycle in high-power situation using an inertia tube, in low power situation
Under, phase modulation is still insufficient.Therefore these problems needs overcome.DC component is theoretically eliminated using step piston, but
When using clearance seal, it is still desirable to take measures to control the presence of the DC component due to caused by minute leakage.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art and provide one kind to have phase modulation function
Multi-channel shunt vascular refrigerator.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of multi-channel shunt vascular refrigerator, including cold head, compression mechanism and phase converter, wherein cold head is arranged n grades altogether, often
Level-one cold head is sequentially connected with by radiator, regenerator, cooling capacity heat exchanger and vascular, and the compression mechanism has n
Compression chamber, each compression chamber are connected with every level-one cold head respectively, the temperature end of the vascular of n-th grade of cold head and (n-1)th grade of cold head
The low-temperature end of vascular is connected, and the temperature end of the vascular of the first order is connect with phase converter, at least n-1 grades of cold head and corresponding pressure
It is provided with phase modulation air reservoir, n >=2 between contracting chamber, and is positive integer.
N is preferably 2 or 3, the as most common second level cold head or three-level cold head form.
The phase modulation air reservoir can be the dead volume between cold head and compression chamber, be also possible to connecting tube therebetween.
Further, the phase converter is sequentially connected with and is formed by inertia tube and inertia tube air reservoir, the arteries and veins of first order cold head
Pipe is connect with inertia tube.
The phase converter is also possible to other forms, such as selects Hole and air reservoir type phase converter, bidirection air intake type phase converter
Or room temperature pushing piston type phase converter.
Further, the compression mechanism forms compression chamber, the step piston by step piston and ladder cylinder
Piston ring groove is arranged in lower part, to keep the clearance seal length between step piston and ladder cylinder controllable.Or, the compressor
Structure forms compression chamber by step piston and ladder cylinder, cylinder annular groove is arranged on the ladder cylinder, to make step piston
Clearance seal length between ladder cylinder is controllable.Again or, the compression mechanism forms pressure by step piston and ladder cylinder
Piston ring groove is arranged in contracting chamber, the step piston lower part, meanwhile, cylinder annular groove is set on the ladder cylinder, to make
Clearance seal length between step piston and ladder cylinder is controllable.
Further, the inertia tube air reservoir is connected with one of compression chamber, to recycle a part of expansion work.
Further, the compression mechanism is additionally provided with the back chamber with compression chamber reverse phase, often in addition to n compression chamber
Vascular hot end after the vascular of level-one cold head is connected is connected with back chamber, which can be for the one of the other end of the axis of linear motor
A compression chamber, or the double acting working chamber formed by a back chamber of step piston, to recycle a part of expansion work.
Further, the compression mechanism is additionally provided with the back chamber with compression chamber reverse phase, institute in addition to n compression chamber
The inertia tube air reservoir stated is connected with the back chamber of compression mechanism, which can be in a compression of the other end of the axis of linear motor
Chamber, or the double acting working chamber formed by a back chamber of step piston.Its working principle is that be to inertia tube input work, this
By reinforcing the phase modulation ability of inertia tube to inertia tube input work in the insufficient situation of inertia tube phase modulation, to improve refrigeration effect
Fruit.
N=2, specially twin-stage multi-channel shunt vascular refrigerator, cold head are made of first order cold head and second level cold head, the
Level-one cold head is sequentially connected with by first order radiator, first order regenerator, first order cooling capacity heat exchanger, first order vascular,
Second level cold head by second level radiator, the first regenerator of the second level, the second regenerator of the second level, second level cooling capacity heat exchanger,
Second level vascular is sequentially connected with；Second level vascular temperature end is connected with first order vascular low-temperature end；The second level first is returned
Airflow channel between the second regenerator of hot device and the second level is cooling by first order cooling capacity heat exchanger；Inertia tube accesses first order arteries and veins
The temperature end of pipe；Compression mechanism forms the first compression chamber and the second compression chamber by step piston and ladder cylinder；First compression chamber
It is connect with the first order radiator of first order cold head, there is between the first compression chamber and the first order radiator of first order cold head
One phase modulation air reservoir；Second compression chamber is connect with the second level radiator of second level cold head, in the second compression chamber and second level cold head
Second level radiator between have the second phase modulation air reservoir.
N=3, specially three-level multi-channel shunt vascular refrigerator, cold head is by first order cold head, second level cold head and the third level
Cold head composition, first order cold head are suitable by first order radiator, first order regenerator, first order cooling capacity heat exchanger, first order vascular
Secondary to be formed by connecting, second level cold head is by second level radiator, the first regenerator of the second level, the second regenerator of the second level, the second level
Cooling capacity heat exchanger, second level vascular are sequentially connected with, third level cold head by third level radiator, the first regenerator of the third level,
The second regenerator of the third level, third level third regenerator, third level cooling capacity heat exchanger, third level vascular are sequentially connected with；The
Three-level vascular temperature end is connected with second level vascular low-temperature end, and second level vascular temperature end is connected with first order vascular low-temperature end
It connects；Airflow channel between the second regenerator of the first regenerator of the third level and the third level is cooling by first order cooling capacity heat exchanger, the
Airflow channel between the second regenerator of three-level and third level third regenerator is cooling by second level cooling capacity heat exchanger, the second level the
Airflow channel between the second regenerator of one regenerator and the second level is cooling by first order cooling capacity heat exchanger；Inertia tube access first
The temperature end of grade vascular；Compression mechanism forms the first compression chamber, the second compression chamber, third by step piston and ladder cylinder and compresses
Chamber, the first compression chamber is connect with the first order radiator of first order cold head, in the first order of the first compression chamber and first order cold head
There is the first phase modulation air reservoir between radiator；Second compression chamber is connect with the second level radiator of second level cold head, in the second compression
There is the second phase modulation air reservoir between chamber and the second level radiator of second level cold head, third compression chamber is connect with third level cold head,
There is third phase modulation air reservoir between third compression chamber and the third level radiator of third level cold head.
Compared with prior art, the present invention introduces phase modulation air reservoir between cold head and compression chamber, to make phase modulation and function
Distribution can carry out respectively.Scavenging volume ratio is deferred in the distribution of function, and scavenging volume is done to the scavenging for making one of compression chamber greatly
Volume meets phase modulation requirement, whens other compression chamber scavenging volume surpluses is balanced remainder with phase modulation air reservoir, here phase modulation
Air reservoir refers to the cavity for having a constant volume.The requirement of phase modulation had not only been met in this way, but also met the assignment problem of function.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is twin-stage multi-channel shunt vascular refrigerator structural schematic diagram in embodiment 1；
Fig. 2 is coaxial twin-stage multi-channel shunt vascular refrigerator structural schematic diagram in embodiment 2；
Fig. 3 is three-level multi-channel shunt vascular refrigerator structural schematic diagram in embodiment 3；
Fig. 4 is coaxial three-level multi-channel shunt vascular refrigerator structural schematic diagram in embodiment 4；
Fig. 5 is the twin-stage multi-channel shunt vascular refrigerator structural schematic diagram for recycling function in embodiment 5 using step piston；
Fig. 6 is to carry on the back the twin-stage multi-channel shunt vascular refrigerator structural representation that chamber piston recycles function using motor in embodiment 6
Figure；
Fig. 7 is to carry on the back chamber piston to the twin-stage multi-channel shunt vascular refrigerator of inertia tube input work using motor in embodiment 7
Structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 8 is to carry on the back chamber to the twin-stage multi-channel shunt vascular refrigerator structure of inertia tube input work using motor in embodiment 8
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 9 is the structural schematic diagram of controllable sealing length in embodiment 9；
Figure 10 is the structural schematic diagram of controllable sealing length in embodiment 10；
Figure 11 is the structural schematic diagram of controllable sealing length in embodiment 11；
Figure 12 is the structural schematic diagram of controllable sealing length in embodiment 12.
Figure label: 100, cold head, 10, first order cold head, 11, first order vascular, 12, first order radiator, 13, first
Grade regenerator, 14, first order cooling capacity heat exchanger, 20, second level cold head, 21, second level vascular, 22, second level radiator, 231,
The first regenerator of the second level, 232, the second regenerator of the second level, 24, second level cooling capacity heat exchanger, 30, third level cold head, 31,
Three-level vascular, 32, third level radiator, 331, the first regenerator of three-level, 332, the second regenerator of the third level, 333, the third level
Three regenerators, 34, third level cooling capacity heat exchanger, 40, phase converter, 41, inertia tube, 42, inertia tube air reservoir, 50, compression mechanism,
51, the first compression chamber, the 52, second compression chamber, 53, third compression chamber, 54, step piston, 541, piston ring groove, 5455, gap
Sealing, 55, ladder cylinder, 551, cylinder becate slot, 552, the long annular groove of cylinder, 56, driving mechanism, 57, back chamber, 58 is living for second
Plug, 59 be the second cylinder, the 15, first phase modulation air reservoir, the 25, second phase modulation air reservoir, 35, third phase modulation air reservoir.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1
Twin-stage multi-channel shunt vascular refrigerator, structure is as shown in Figure 1, by compression mechanism 50, cold head 100 and 40 groups of phase converter
At.Cold head 100 is made of first order cold head 10 and second level cold head 20；First order cold head 10 is by first order radiator 12, first
Grade regenerator 13, first order cooling capacity heat exchanger 14, first order vascular 11 are sequentially connected with；Second level cold head 20 is dissipated by the second level
Hot device 22, the first regenerator of the second level 231, the second regenerator of the second level 232, second level cooling capacity heat exchanger 24, second level vascular
21 are sequentially connected with；Vascular 21 temperature end in the second level is connected with 11 low-temperature end of first order vascular；The first regenerator of the second level
Airflow channel between 231 and the second regenerator of the second level 232 passes through first order cooling capacity heat exchanger 14 but not cold with the first order
Gas during amount heat exchanger 14 gangs up to make to flow through is cooled to make the heat loss of the first regenerator of the second level 231 by the
Level-one cold balancing falls, to make to obtain more cooling capacity at second level cooling capacity heat exchanger 24；Phase converter 40 by inertia tube 41 with
Inertia tube air reservoir 42 forms.The temperature end of the access first order vascular 11 of inertia tube 41；Compression mechanism 50 is by step piston 54 and rank
Terraced cylinder 55 forms the first compression chamber 51 and the second compression chamber 52；The first order of first compression chamber 51 and first order cold head 10 radiates
Device 12 connects, and has the first phase modulation air reservoir 15 between the first compression chamber 51 and the first order radiator 12 of first order cold head 10；The
Two compression chambers 52 are connect with the second level radiator 22 of second level cold head 20, the of the second compression chamber 52 and second level cold head 20
There is the second phase modulation air reservoir 25 between two-class heat dissipation device 22.
When work, step piston 54 pumps under driving mechanism driving, to generate pressure oscillation and cold
Reciprocal gas flowing is generated in first 100, gas radiates at first order radiator 12 and second level radiator 22, in the first order
Cooling capacity is obtained at cooling capacity heat exchanger 14 and second level cooling capacity heat exchanger 24, general 14 operating temperature of first order cooling capacity heat exchanger exists
80K, 24 operating temperature of second level cooling capacity heat exchanger in 20K, specific cryogenic temperature and refrigerating capacity according to different applications and
Become.Gas freezes in the cold end expansion work of vascular, and expansion work makes the gas oscillation of the inside generate phase modulation after being transferred to inertia tube
Effect is scattered and disappeared in environment in the form of heat.If not considering to lose, theoretically, the first compression chamber 51 and the second compression chamber 52
Pressure is the same, and output work is just decided by its scavenging volume ratio.In philip refrigerator, the damage control of regenerator is refrigeration effect
The key factor that rate improves, the phase difference between the air-flow and pressure of regenerator cold end have an optimum value to make regenerator lose
It is minimum.Inertia tube generate and pressure at 90 degree of air-flow from phase modulation is played the role of, due to being public inertia tube, how to be assigned to
The air-flow and pressure of first order vascular 11 and second level vascular 21 to make regenerator cold end are in that optimal phase difference depends on back
The volume of hot device, phase modulation air reservoir and compression mechanism working chamber.Due to the introducing of phase modulation air reservoir, can design the first compression chamber 51 with
The scavenging volume of second compression chamber 52 sets the design of the volume of one of them most preferably by phase modulation than pressing the allocation proportion of function
Meter, another volume are greater than the optimal volume of phase modulation, and redundance is balanced by phase modulation air reservoir.Therefore, phase modulation in the present embodiment
Air reservoir can be one, that is to say, that can only setting the first phase modulation air reservoir 15 or the second phase modulation air reservoir 25 in one of them.This
Sample can make the distribution of function and phase modulation discrete due to the introducing of phase modulation air reservoir, to can not only meet the distribution of function but also meet tune
Phase.
Since application is various, refrigerating capacity is various with cryogenic temperature, in the case where no phase modulation air reservoir
It is few for reaching the distribution that can not only meet function but also can meeting the operating condition of phase modulation, therefore the present invention can make multi-channel shunt pulse tube refrigeration
The application range of machine is widened.
Here, if the first compression chamber 51 is connected with the second cold head, the second compression chamber 52 ifs, connect with the first cold head.Effect
Fruit is the same.In short, each cold head connects a working chamber.
Here, phase converter is also possible to other forms, such as select Hole and air reservoir type phase converter, bidirection air intake type phase converter or
Room temperature pushing piston type phase converter etc..
Embodiment 2
Coaxial twin-stage multi-channel shunt vascular refrigerator, as shown in Fig. 2, with embodiment 1 the difference is that, cold head is using coaxial
Type structure, function is same as Example 1, and only structure is more compact.
Embodiment 3
Three-level multi-channel shunt vascular refrigerator structure, as shown in figure 3, by compression mechanism 50, cold head 100 and 40 groups of phase converter
At.Cold head 100 is made of first order cold head 10, second level cold head 20 and third level cold head 30；Third level cold head 30 is by the third level
Radiator 32, the first regenerator of the third level 331, the second regenerator of the third level 332, third level third regenerator 333, the third level are cold
Amount heat exchanger 34, third level vascular 31 are sequentially connected with；31 temperature end of third level vascular and 21 low-temperature end phase of second level vascular
Connection；Airflow channel between the first regenerator of the third level 331 and the second regenerator of the third level 332 exchanges heat across first order cooling capacity
Device 14 but gas during not ganging up with first order cooling capacity heat exchanger 14 to make to flow through is cooled；The second regenerator of the third level
Airflow channel between 332 and third level third regenerator 333 passes through second level cooling capacity heat exchanger 24 but not cold with the second level
Gas during amount heat exchanger 24 gangs up to make to flow through is cooled；In this way, the heat loss of the first regenerator of the third level 331 is by
Level-one cold balancing falls, and the heat loss of the second regenerator of the third level 332 is fallen by second level cold balancing, to make third level cooling capacity
More cooling capacity are obtained at heat exchanger 34.Compression mechanism 50 by step piston 54 and ladder cylinder 55 formed the first compression chamber 51,
Second compression chamber 52, third compression chamber 53；Third compression chamber 53 is connect with third level cold head, in third compression chamber 53 and the third level
There is third phase modulation air reservoir 35 between the third level radiator of cold head 30.Other parts are same as Example 1.
Same principle, it is according to the present invention although giving the technical solution of three phase modulation air reservoirs of setting in the present embodiment
Summary of the invention it is found that in the present embodiment phase modulation air reservoir be arranged two identical function also may be implemented, that is to say, that can only be arranged
Two of them in first phase modulation air reservoir 15, the second phase modulation air reservoir 25 or third phase modulation air reservoir 35.
Similarly, any compressor operating chamber can be connected with any cold head, and be not limited to the connection type in figure.
Embodiment 4
Coaxial three-level multi-channel shunt vascular refrigerator, as shown in figure 4, with embodiment 3 the difference is that, cold head is using coaxial
Type structure, function is same as Example 3, and only structure is more compact.
Embodiment 5
Using the twin-stage multi-channel shunt vascular refrigerator of step piston recycling function, as shown in figure 5, compared with Example 1,
Difference is: compression mechanism 50 forms the first compression chamber 51, the second compression chamber 52, third by step piston 54 and ladder cylinder 55
Compression chamber 53.Third compression chamber 53 is connected with inertia tube air reservoir 42, so that a part of expansion work can be recycled, mentions refrigerating efficiency
It is high.Its working principle is that inertia tube 41 makes the phase difference of the pressure between the pressure of inertia tube air reservoir 42 and first order vascular 11 about
180 degree.In this way, the integral sign of the PV of the first compression chamber 51 and the second compression chamber 52 and third compression chamber 53 is on the contrary, the first pressure
When contracting chamber 51 and the second 52 output work of compression chamber, 53 input work of third compression chamber, that is, recycled a part of swollen in vascular
Swollen function.This is effective in the case where inertia tube phase modulation is sufficient and has expansion work can be recycled.
Embodiment 6
Using the twin-stage multi-channel shunt vascular refrigerator of motor back chamber piston recycling function, structure is as shown in fig. 6, and embodiment
1 compares, and difference place is that the step piston 54 of compression mechanism is connected in driving mechanism 56, the other end of driving mechanism 56
Second piston 58 is installed, the second cylinder 59 is set outside second piston 58, is formed between second piston 58 and the second cylinder 59
Carry on the back chamber 57.Back chamber 57 is connected with the hot end of first order vascular 11.In the ideal situation, the first compression chamber 51 and the second compression chamber
As 52 pressure between back chamber 57, in this way, the integral sign of the PV of the first compression chamber 51 and the second compression chamber 52 and back chamber 57
On the contrary, carrying on the back 57 input work of chamber, that is, recycled one in vascular when the first compression chamber 51 and the second 52 output work of compression chamber
Divide expansion work.This is effective in the case where inertia tube phase modulation is sufficient and has expansion work can be recycled.
In the present embodiment, driving mechanism can select linear motor.
Embodiment 7
Using motor back chamber piston to the twin-stage multi-channel shunt vascular refrigerator of inertia tube input work, as shown in fig. 7, with reality
Example 1 is applied to compare, difference place be, the step piston 54 of compression mechanism is connected in driving mechanism 56, driving mechanism 56 it is another
One end is equipped with second piston 58, the second cylinder 59 is arranged outside second piston 58, between second piston 58 and the second cylinder 59
Form back chamber 57.Inertia tube air reservoir 42 is connected with back chamber 57.Its working principle is that inertia tube 41 makes the pressure of inertia tube air reservoir 42
The phase difference of pressure between power and first order vascular 11 about 180 degree.In this way, the first compression chamber 51 and the second compression chamber 52 and back
The integral sign of the PV of chamber 57 is identical, when the first compression chamber 51 and the second 52 output work of compression chamber, back chamber 57 also output work, also
It is to inertia tube input work, this leans on the phase modulation for reinforcing inertia tube input work inertia tube in the insufficient situation of inertia tube phase modulation
Ability, to improve refrigeration effect.
In the present embodiment, driving mechanism can select linear motor.
Embodiment 8
Using motor back chamber to the twin-stage multi-channel shunt vascular refrigerator of inertia tube input work, as shown in figure 8, and embodiment
1 compares, and difference place is, between the step piston 54 and ladder cylinder 55 of compression mechanism in addition to formed the first compression chamber 51 with
Except second compression chamber 52, the back chamber 57 reversed with the first compression chamber 51 and the second compression chamber 52 is yet formed.
Inertia tube air reservoir 42 is connected with back chamber 57.Its working principle in the same manner as in Example 7, but due to the rank of driving structure
Terraced cylinder cavity volume is restricted with step piston diameter by other conditions, cannot arbitrarily be adjusted.Generally, motor is mounted in back chamber 57
In, volume can not have too big adjusting freedom degree.It therefore cannot be as embodiment 7 to the freedom degree of inertia tube input work.
Embodiment 9
Generally in order to improve the service life, clearance seal is used between step piston 54 and ladder cylinder 55.Step piston 54 with
The length of the clearance seal of ladder cylinder 55 can change with 54 position of step piston, thus the first compression chamber 51 and the second compression
Vent flow between chamber 52 is not only related with the flow resistance of regenerator, also related with 54 position of step piston, this will result in
With the presence of a DC component between one compression chamber 51 and the second compression chamber 52, thus in first order cold head 10 and second level cold head 20
Between generate DC component.DC component be have one of vascular refrigerator such as two-way air inlet pulsing pipe refrigerator of loop it is substantially existing
As if do not inhibited, efficiency of refrigerator lowers or temperature is unstable.
In order to overcome this difficulty, as shown in figure 9, piston ring groove 541 is arranged in 54 lower part of step piston in the present embodiment, from
And keep the length of clearance seal 5455 controllable.If the length of piston ring groove 541 is very long, in range, seal length is not yet
Become, is then measured length sealing.
Embodiment 10
Based on the description of embodiment 9, in order to control the length of clearance seal further to control DC component, the present embodiment
On the basis of piston ring groove 541 are arranged in 54 lower part of step piston in embodiment 9, further it is arranged on ladder cylinder 55
Cylinder becate slot 551, as shown in Figure 10.
Embodiment 11
As shown in figure 11, difference from Example 9 is, the long annular groove of cylinder is arranged in the present embodiment on ladder cylinder 55
552, in 54 range of step piston, the length of clearance seal 5455 is still constant.
Embodiment 12
As shown in figure 12, the structure of the step piston of the present embodiment and ladder cylinder is adapted to documented by embodiment 3
Three-level multi-channel shunt vascular refrigerator, two piston ring grooves 541 are arranged in 54 lower part of three-level step piston in the present embodiment, to make
The length of clearance seal 5455 is controllable.
Certainly, the step piston of the present embodiment and ladder cylinder can also be using structures shown in Figure 10 or Figure 11.
The words such as " first " used herein, " second ", " third " limit component, and those skilled in the art should know
Dawn: the use of the words such as " first ", " second ", " third " is intended merely to facilitate in description and distinguishes to component.Do not have such as
Outside Stated otherwise, above-mentioned word is had no special meaning.
The above description of the embodiments is intended to facilitate ordinary skill in the art to understand and use the invention.
Person skilled in the art obviously easily can make various modifications to these embodiments, and described herein general
Principle is applied in other embodiments without having to go through creative labor.Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, ability
Field technique personnel announcement according to the present invention, improvement and modification made without departing from the scope of the present invention all should be of the invention
Within protection scope.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of multi-channel shunt vascular refrigerator, including cold head, compression mechanism and phase converter, wherein cold head is arranged n grades altogether, each
Grade cold head is sequentially connected with by radiator, regenerator, cooling capacity heat exchanger and vascular, and the compression mechanism has n pressure
Contracting chamber, each compression chamber are connected with every level-one cold head respectively, the arteries and veins of the temperature end of the vascular of n-th grade of cold head and (n-1)th grade of cold head
The low-temperature end of pipe is connected, and the temperature end of the vascular of the first order is connect with phase converter, which is characterized in that at least n-1 grades of cold head
It is provided with phase modulation air reservoir, n >=2 between corresponding compression chamber, and is positive integer.
2. a kind of multi-channel shunt vascular refrigerator according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the phase modulation air reservoir is cold
Dead volume between head and compression chamber, or connecting tube therebetween.
3. a kind of multi-channel shunt vascular refrigerator according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the phase converter is by inertia
Pipe and inertia tube air reservoir are sequentially connected with composition, and the vascular of first order cold head is connect with inertia tube.
4. a kind of multi-channel shunt vascular refrigerator according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the phase converter selection is small
Hole air reservoir type phase converter, bidirection air intake type phase converter or room temperature pushing piston type phase converter.
5. a kind of multi-channel shunt vascular refrigerator according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The compression mechanism forms compression chamber by step piston and ladder cylinder, and piston ring is arranged in the step piston lower part
Slot, to keep the clearance seal length between step piston and ladder cylinder controllable；Or,
The compression mechanism forms compression chamber by step piston and ladder cylinder, and cylinder ring is arranged on the ladder cylinder
Slot, to keep the clearance seal length between step piston and ladder cylinder controllable；Or,
The compression mechanism forms compression chamber by step piston and ladder cylinder, and piston ring is arranged in the step piston lower part
Slot, meanwhile, cylinder annular groove is set on the ladder cylinder, to make the clearance seal length between step piston and ladder cylinder
Controllably.
6. a kind of multi-channel shunt vascular refrigerator according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the inertia tube air reservoir with
One of compression chamber is connected, to recycle a part of expansion work.
7. a kind of multi-channel shunt vascular refrigerator according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the compression mechanism is except tool
Have outside n compression chamber, is additionally provided with the back chamber with compression chamber reverse phase, vascular hot end and back chamber after the vascular of every level-one cold head is connected
It is connected, to recycle a part of expansion work.
8. a kind of multi-channel shunt vascular refrigerator according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the compression mechanism is except tool
Have outside n compression chamber, be additionally provided with the back chamber with compression chamber reverse phase, the inertia tube air reservoir is connected with the back chamber of compression mechanism.
9. a kind of multi-channel shunt vascular refrigerator according to claim 1, which is characterized in that n=2, specially twin-stage are more
Roadside leads to vascular refrigerator,
Cold head is made of first order cold head and second level cold head, and first order cold head is by first order radiator, first order regenerator,
Level-one cooling capacity heat exchanger, first order vascular are sequentially connected with, and second level cold head is by second level radiator, the first backheat of the second level
Device, the second regenerator of the second level, second level cooling capacity heat exchanger, second level vascular are sequentially connected with；
Second level vascular temperature end is connected with first order vascular low-temperature end；
Airflow channel between the second regenerator of the first regenerator of the second level and the second level is cooling by first order cooling capacity heat exchanger；
The temperature end of inertia tube access first order vascular；
Compression mechanism forms the first compression chamber and the second compression chamber by step piston and ladder cylinder；First compression chamber and the first order
The first order radiator of cold head connects, and has the first phase modulation gas between the first compression chamber and the first order radiator of first order cold head
Library；Second compression chamber is connect with the second level radiator of second level cold head, in the second level of the second compression chamber and second level cold head
There is the second phase modulation air reservoir between radiator.
10. a kind of multi-channel shunt vascular refrigerator according to claim 1, which is characterized in that n=3, specially three-level are more
Roadside leads to vascular refrigerator,
Cold head is by first order cold head, second level cold head and third level cold head composition, and first order cold head is by first order radiator, first
Grade regenerator, first order cooling capacity heat exchanger, first order vascular are sequentially connected with, and second level cold head is by second level radiator, the
The first regenerator of second level, the second regenerator of the second level, second level cooling capacity heat exchanger, second level vascular are sequentially connected with, third
Grade cold head is by third level radiator, the first regenerator of the third level, the second regenerator of the third level, third level third regenerator, third
Grade cooling capacity heat exchanger, third level vascular are sequentially connected with；
Third level vascular temperature end is connected with second level vascular low-temperature end, second level vascular temperature end and first order vascular low temperature
End is connected；
Airflow channel between the second regenerator of the first regenerator of the third level and the third level is cooling by first order cooling capacity heat exchanger, the
Airflow channel between the second regenerator of three-level and third level third regenerator is cooling by second level cooling capacity heat exchanger, the second level the
Airflow channel between the second regenerator of one regenerator and the second level is cooling by first order cooling capacity heat exchanger；
The temperature end of inertia tube access first order vascular；
Compression mechanism forms the first compression chamber, the second compression chamber, third compression chamber, the first compression by step piston and ladder cylinder
Chamber is connect with the first order radiator of first order cold head, is had between the first compression chamber and the first order radiator of first order cold head
First phase modulation air reservoir；Second compression chamber is connect with the second level radiator of second level cold head, cold in the second compression chamber and the second level
Have the second phase modulation air reservoir between the second level radiator of head, third compression chamber is connect with third level cold head, in third compression chamber and
There is third phase modulation air reservoir between the third level radiator of third level cold head.
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| CN201611044017.2A CN108106039B (en) | 2016-11-24 | 2016-11-24 | Multi-channel shunt vascular refrigerator |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101294752A (en) * | 2007-04-29 | 2008-10-29 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Thermal coupling multistage pulse tube refrigerator |
| CN202598941U (en) * | 2012-03-27 | 2012-12-12 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Thermal coupling pulse tube refrigerator |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4259252B2 (en) * | 2003-09-26 | 2009-04-30 | アイシン精機株式会社 | Cryogenic refrigerator |
| JP2009236456A (en) * | 2008-03-28 | 2009-10-15 | Aisin Seiki Co Ltd | Pulse tube-type heat storage engine |
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2016
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101294752A (en) * | 2007-04-29 | 2008-10-29 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Thermal coupling multistage pulse tube refrigerator |
| CN202598941U (en) * | 2012-03-27 | 2012-12-12 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Thermal coupling pulse tube refrigerator |
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