AU2015261588A1 - Carbon dioxide based auxiliary cooling system - Google Patents

Carbon dioxide based auxiliary cooling system Download PDF

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Publication number
AU2015261588A1
AU2015261588A1 AU2015261588A AU2015261588A AU2015261588A1 AU 2015261588 A1 AU2015261588 A1 AU 2015261588A1 AU 2015261588 A AU2015261588 A AU 2015261588A AU 2015261588 A AU2015261588 A AU 2015261588A AU 2015261588 A1 AU2015261588 A1 AU 2015261588A1
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AU
Australia
Prior art keywords
auxiliary
carbon dioxide
refrigeration system
cooling system
side cycle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
AU2015261588A
Inventor
Ignacio Varela Chaparro
Robert Delventura
Steve Pfister
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Heatcraft Refrigeration Products LLC
Original Assignee
Heatcraft Refrigeration Products LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Heatcraft Refrigeration Products LLC filed Critical Heatcraft Refrigeration Products LLC
Publication of AU2015261588A1 publication Critical patent/AU2015261588A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B7/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with cascade operation, i.e. with two or more circuits, the heat from the condenser of one circuit being absorbed by the evaporator of the next circuit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
    • F25B9/008—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
    • F25B2309/06—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
    • F25B2309/061—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide with cycle highest pressure above the supercritical pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/06—Several compression cycles arranged in parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/07—Details of compressors or related parts
    • F25B2400/075—Details of compressors or related parts with parallel compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B40/00—Subcoolers, desuperheaters or superheaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B5/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity
    • F25B5/02—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity arranged in parallel

Abstract

CARBON DIOXIDE BASED AUXILIARY COOLING SYSTEM The present application provides a cascade refrigeration system. The cascade refrigeration system may include a first side cycle, a second side cycle with a second side cycle carbon dioxide refrigerant, and an auxiliary cooling system to cool the second side cycle carbon dioxide refrigerant in the event of a power outage. The auxiliary cooling system may include an auxiliary carbon dioxide refrigerant. M'P/PO00812AU

Description

CARBON DIOXIDE BASED AUXILIARY COOLING SYSTEM TECHNICAL FIELD
[0101] The present application and the resultant patent relate generally to refrigeration systems and more particularly relate to a carbon dioxide based auxiliary cooling system for a refrigeration system that may be free of the use of hydrofluorocarbons and the like.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0102] Cascade refrigeration systems generally include a first side cooling cycle, or a high side cycle, and a second side cooling cycle, or a low side cooling cycle. The two cooling cycles interface through a common heat exchanger, i.e., a cascade evaporator-condenser. The cascade refrigeration system may provide cooling at very low temperatures in a highly efficient manner.
[0103] Current refrigeration trends promote the use of carbon dioxide and other types of natural refrigerants as opposed to conventional hydrofluorocarbon based refrigerants. Unlike hydrofluorocarbons, however, carbon dioxide based systems may lose refrigerant during power outages. In the case of a power outage, the carbon dioxide based system may start gaining heat such that the refrigerant pressure may rise and exceed the design pressure of the overall refrigeration system. The refrigeration system generally must be vented to the atmosphere in such a situation.
[0104] In order to avoid venting the refrigerant, carbon dioxide based refrigeration systems may include a backup condensing unit with an independent power source to keep the carbon dioxide cook These known backup devices, however, generally use hydrofluorocarbon based refrigerants such that the refrigeration system as a whole cannot be considered truly “green” or hydrofluorocarbon free.
[0105] There is thus a desire for a refrigeration system such as cascade refrigeration systems that provide auxiliary cooling without the use of hydrofluorocarbons. Such an auxiliary cooling system would provide efficient cooling in a truly hydrofluorocarbon free design.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0106] The present application and the resultant patent thus provide a cascade refrigeration system. The cascade refrigeration system may include a first side cycle, a second side cycle with a second side cycle carbon dioxide refrigerant, and an auxiliary cooling system to cool the second side cycle carbon dioxide refrigerant in the event of a power outage. The auxiliary cooling system may include an auxiliary carbon dioxide refrigerant.
[0107] The present application and the resultant patent further provide a method of providing auxiliary cooling in a refrigeration system. The method may include the steps of flowing a natural refrigerant through a first side cycle, flowing a carbon dioxide refrigerant through a second side cycle, providing an auxiliary cooling system to cool the flow of the carbon dioxide refrigerant in the case of a power loss, and flowing an auxiliary carbon dioxi de refrigerant through the auxiliary cooling system.
[0108] The present application and the resulting patent further provide a carbon dioxide based refrigeration system. The carbon dioxide based refrigeration system may include a receiver, a carbon dioxide refrigerant, and an auxiliary cooling system in communication with the receiver to cool the carbon dioxide refrigerant in the event of a power outage. The auxiliary cooling system may include an auxiliary carbon dioxide refrigerant, [0109] These and other features and improvements of the present application and the resultant patent will become apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art upon review of the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the several drawings and the appended claims.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0110] Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a known cascade refrigeration system with a high side cycle and a low side cycle.
[0111] Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a cascade refrigeration system with a carbon dioxide base auxiliary' cooling system as may be described herein.
[0112] F ig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an alternative embodiment of a carbon dioxide based auxiliary' cooling system as may be described herein.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0113] Referring now to the drawings, in which like numerals refer to like elements throughout the several views, Fig. 1 shows an example of a cascade refrigeration system 100. The cascade refrigeration system 100 may be used to cool any type of enclosure for use in, for example, supermarkets, cold storage, and the like. The cascade refrigeration system 100 also may be applicable to heating, ventilation, and air conditioning and/or different types of industrial applications. The overall cascade refrigeration system 100 may have any suitable size or capacity.
[0114] Generally described, the cascade refrigeration system 100 may include a first or a high side cycle 110 and a second or a low side cycle 120. The high side cycle 110 may include a high side compressor 130, a high side oil separator 140, a high side condenser 150, a high side receiver 160, and a high side expansion device 170. The high side cycle 110 also may include a suction/liquid heat exchanger 180 and a suction accumulator 190. The high side cycle 110 may include a flow of a natural refrigerant 200. The natural refrigerant 200 may include a flow of ammonia, a flow of hydrocarbons, and the like. Other components and other configurations may be used herein.
[0115] The low side cycle 120 similarly may include a low side compressor 210, a low side oil separator 220, a low' side receiver 230, a low side expansion device 240, and one or more low' side evaporators 250. The low' side cycle 120 may include a medium temperature loop 260 with a pump 270 and a number of flow' valves 280 as well as a low' temperature loop 290. An accumulator 300 also may be used therein. The low side cycle 120 may include a flow of a carbon dioxide based refrigerant 310 and the like. Other components and other configurations may be used herein.
[0116] The two cycles 110, 120 may interface through a cascade evaporator/condenser 320. The respective flows of the refrigerants 200, 310 may-exchange heat via the cascade evaporator/condenser 320. The cascade evaporator/condenser 320 may have any suitable size or capacity. Other components and other configurations may be used herein, [0117] The natural refrigerant 200 may be compressed by the high side compressor 210 and condensed m the high side condenser 150. The refrigerant 200 may be stored in the high side receiver 160 and may be withdrawn as needed to satisfy the load on the cascade evaporator/condenser 320. The refrigerant 200 then may pass through the high side expansion device 170 and returns to the high side compressor 130. The suction/liquid heat exchanger 180 may be used to sub-cool the refrigerant 200 before entiy into the cascade evaporator/condenser 320.
[0118] The low side cycle 120 may be similar. The carbon dioxide based refrigerant 310 may be compressed by the low side compressor 210 and then pass through the cascade evaporator/condenser 320. The refrigerant 310 may be stored within the low side receiver 230 and withdrawn as needed. The refrigerant 310 may pass through one or more low side expansion devices 240 and one or more lowr side evaporators 250. The low side cycle 120 may be separated into the low temperature loop 290 and the medium temperature loop 260.
[0119] The cascade refrigeration system 100 also may include an auxiliary cooling system 330. The cooling auxiliary system 330 may he used to cool the flow of the carbon dioxide refrigerant 310 via an interface with the low side receiver 230 or elsewhere. The auxiliary cooling system 330 may include an auxiliary compressor 340, an auxiliary condenser 350, and an auxiliary' expansion device. The cooling auxiliary system 330 may include a generator 370 or other type of independent power supply. The auxiliary cooling system 330 may interface with the low side cycle 120 via an auxiliary condenser/evaporator 380. Known auxiliary cooling systems 330 generally use a hydrofluorocarbon based refrigerant 390 such as R404A or R407A. Other components and other configurations may be used herein.
[0120] Fig. 2 shows a cascade refrigeration system 400 as may be described herein. The cascade refrigeration system 400 may include the same or a similar high side cycle 110 and low' side cycle 120. The two cycles may interface via the cascade evaporator/condenser 320 and the like. As described above, the low side cycle 120 includes the flow of the carbon dioxide based refrigerant 310.
[0121] The cascade refrigeration system 400 also may include a carbon dioxide based auxiliary' cooling system 410. The carbon dioxide auxiliary cooling system 410 may include an auxiliary compressor 420, an auxiliary condenser 430, and an auxiliary' expansion device 440. The carbon dioxide auxiliary cooling system 410 may include an auxiliary generator 450 or other type of independent power supply. The carbon dioxide auxiliary cooling system 410 may interface with the low' side cycle 120 via an auxiliary condenser/evaporator 460 or other type of heat exchange device. The carbon dioxide auxiliary cooling system 410 may include a flow of a carbon dioxide based refrigerant 470 therein. Other types of natural refrigerants also may be used herein. Other components and other configurations may be used herein.
[0122] In the event of the loss of power, die carbon dioxide auxiliary cooling system 410 may be used to cool the flow of the carbon dioxide refrigerant 310 in the low side cycle 120 via the carbon dioxide refrigerant 470 circulating therein and interfacing at the auxiliary condenser/evaporator 460. The cascade refrigeration system 400 thus is truly a hydrofluorocarbon free system. The carbon dioxide based auxiliary cooling system 410 may provide a faster overall response time in a proactive method of cooling the flow of carbon dioxide refrigerant 310 without venting. Multiple carbon dioxide auxiliary cooling systems 410 may be used herein.
[0123] Fig. 3 shows an alternative embodiment of a carbon dioxide auxiliary cooling system 500 as may be described herein. The carbon dioxide auxiliary cooling system 500 may include an auxiliary7 compressor 510, an auxiliary gas cooler 520 or condenser, and an auxiliary expansion device 530. The carbon dioxide auxiliary cooling system 500 also may include an auxiliary generator or other type of independent power source. The carbon dioxide auxiliary7 cooling system 500 also may include a flow of a carbon dioxide based refrigerant 540 therein. Other components and other configurations may be used herein.
[0124] The carbon dioxide auxiliary system 500 may tie directly into the low side cycle 120 via the low side cycle receiver 230 for heat exchange therewith. The carbon dioxide auxiliary system 500 thus avoids the need for an auxiliary condenser/evaporator and/or pump in a truly a hydrofluorocarbon free system. The carbon dioxide based auxiliary system 500 also may provide a faster overall response time in a proactive method of cooling the flow of carbon dioxide refrigerant 310 without venting.
[0125] Although the carbon dioxide based auxiliary cooling systems have been shown in the context of a cascade refrigeration system, the carbon dioxide based auxiliary cooling systems may be used in any type of carbon dioxide refrigeration system. Specifically, any type of carbon dioxide refrigeration system using a large receiver tank and the like.
[0126] It should be apparent that the foregoing relates only to certain embodiments of the present application and the resultant patent. Numerous changes and modifications may be made herein by one of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the general spirit and scope of the invention as defined by tire following claims and the equivalents thereof.

Claims (20)

  1. CLAIMS We claim:
    1. A cascade refrigeration system, comprising: a first side cycle; a second side cycle, the second side cycle comprising a second side cycle carbon dioxide refrigerant, and an auxiliary cooling system to cool the second side cycle carbon dioxide refrigerant in the event of a power outage; the auxiliary cooling system comprising an auxiliary carbon dioxide refrigerant.
  2. 2. The cascade refrigeration system of claim 1, wherein the auxiliary cooling system comprises an auxiliary compressor and an auxiliary expansion valve.
  3. 3. The cascade refrigeration system of claim 1, wherein the auxiliary cooling system comprises an auxiliary condenser.
  4. 4. The cascade refrigeration system of claim 1, wherein the auxiliary' cooling system comprises an auxiliary gas cooler.
  5. 5. The cascade refrigeration system of claim 1, wherein the auxiliary cooling system comprises auxiliary' condenser/evaporator.
  6. 6. The cascade refrigeration system of claim 1, wherein the second side cycle comprises a second side cycle receiver and wherein the auxiliary' cooling system is in communication with the second side cycle receiver.
  7. 7. The cascade refrigeration system of claim 1, wherein the auxiliary cooling system comprises an auxiliary generator.
  8. 8. The cascade refrigeration system of claim 1, wherein the first side cycle and the second side cycle interface via a cascade evaporator/condenser.
  9. 9. The cascade refrigeration system of claim 1, wherein the first side cycle comprises a flow of an ammonia or a hydrocarbon refrigerant.
  10. 10. The cascade refrigeration system of claim 1, wherein the first side comprises a suction/liquid heat exchanger.
  11. 11. The cascade refrigeration system of claim 1, wherein the first side cycle comprises a first side compressor, a first side condenser, and a first side expansion device.
  12. 12. The cascade refrigeration system of claim 1, wherein the second side cycle comprises a second side compressor, a second side expansion device, and a second side evaporator.
  13. 13. The cascade refrigeration system of claim 1, wherein the second side cycle comprises a medium temperature loop and a medium temperature loop.
  14. 14. The cascade refrigeration system of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of auxiliary cooling systems.
  15. 15. An method of providing auxiliary cooling in a refrigeration system, comprising: flowing a natural refrigerant through a first side cycle; flowing a carbon dioxide refrigerant through a second side cycle; providing an auxiliary cooling system to cool the flow of the carbon dioxide refrigerant in the case of a power loss; and flowing an auxiliary carbon dioxide refrigerant through the auxiliary cooling system.
  16. 16. A carbon dioxide based refrigeration system, comprising: a receiver; a carbon dioxide refrigerant; and an auxiliary cooling system in communication with the receiver to cool the carbon dioxide refrigerant in the event of a power outage; the auxiliary cooling system comprising an auxiliary' carbon dioxide refrigerant.
  17. 17. The carbon dioxide refrigeration system of claim 16, wherein the auxiliary cooling system comprises an auxiliary' condenser.
  18. 18. The carbon dioxide refrigeration system of claim 16, wherein the auxiliary cooling system comprises an auxiliary gas cooler.
  19. 19. The carbon dioxide refrigeration system of claim 16, wherein the auxiliary' cooling system comprises an auxiliary generator.
  20. 20. The carbon dioxide refrigeration system of claim 16, wherein the carbon dioxide refrigeration system comprises a cascade refrigeration system.
AU2015261588A 2014-12-22 2015-11-25 Carbon dioxide based auxiliary cooling system Abandoned AU2015261588A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US14/578,668 US20160178244A1 (en) 2014-12-22 2014-12-22 Carbon Dioxide Based Auxiliary Cooling System
US14/578,668 2014-12-22

Publications (1)

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AU2015261588A1 true AU2015261588A1 (en) 2016-07-07

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AU2015261588A Abandoned AU2015261588A1 (en) 2014-12-22 2015-11-25 Carbon dioxide based auxiliary cooling system

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US (1) US20160178244A1 (en)
EP (1) EP3040645A3 (en)
AU (1) AU2015261588A1 (en)
BR (1) BR102015032005A2 (en)
CA (1) CA2911696A1 (en)
MX (1) MX2015017458A (en)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10429102B2 (en) 2016-01-05 2019-10-01 Carrier Corporation Two phase loop distributed HVACandR system
US10767909B2 (en) 2017-08-02 2020-09-08 Heatcraft Refrigeration Products Llc Thermal storage of carbon dioxide system for power outage
US11339995B2 (en) 2018-01-11 2022-05-24 Vilter Manufacturing Llc Dual cascade heat exchanger refrigeration system and related method of operation
US11118817B2 (en) * 2018-04-03 2021-09-14 Heatcraft Refrigeration Products Llc Cooling system
US11187445B2 (en) 2018-07-02 2021-11-30 Heatcraft Refrigeration Products Llc Cooling system
EP4328522A1 (en) * 2021-04-21 2024-02-28 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Binary refrigeration cycle device
CN114383336B (en) * 2021-12-31 2023-08-08 南京久鼎环境科技股份有限公司 CO (carbon monoxide) 2 Shutdown pressure maintaining device for refrigeration system

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007178072A (en) * 2005-12-28 2007-07-12 Sanden Corp Air conditioner for vehicle
US8631666B2 (en) * 2008-08-07 2014-01-21 Hill Phoenix, Inc. Modular CO2 refrigeration system
JP2013510286A (en) * 2009-11-03 2013-03-21 イー・アイ・デュポン・ドウ・ヌムール・アンド・カンパニー Cascade refrigeration system using fluoroolefin refrigerant
JP5054180B2 (en) * 2010-11-04 2012-10-24 サンデン株式会社 Heat pump heating system
WO2014100330A1 (en) * 2012-12-21 2014-06-26 Martin J Scott Refrigeration system with absorption cooling

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Publication number Publication date
EP3040645A2 (en) 2016-07-06
BR102015032005A2 (en) 2016-10-25
MX2015017458A (en) 2016-06-21
US20160178244A1 (en) 2016-06-23
CA2911696A1 (en) 2016-06-22
EP3040645A3 (en) 2016-11-02

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MK1 Application lapsed section 142(2)(a) - no request for examination in relevant period