CN108101556A - A kind of carbonaceous unshape refractory and its production method applied to ladle - Google Patents
A kind of carbonaceous unshape refractory and its production method applied to ladle Download PDFInfo
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- CN108101556A CN108101556A CN201711262403.3A CN201711262403A CN108101556A CN 108101556 A CN108101556 A CN 108101556A CN 201711262403 A CN201711262403 A CN 201711262403A CN 108101556 A CN108101556 A CN 108101556A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/14—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silica
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/62204—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products using waste materials or refuse
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/66—Monolithic refractories or refractory mortars, including those whether or not containing clay
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/42—Non metallic elements added as constituents or additives, e.g. sulfur, phosphor, selenium or tellurium
- C04B2235/422—Carbon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/74—Physical characteristics
- C04B2235/77—Density
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
- C04B2235/9669—Resistance against chemicals, e.g. against molten glass or molten salts
- C04B2235/9676—Resistance against chemicals, e.g. against molten glass or molten salts against molten metals such as steel or aluminium
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of carbonaceous unshape refractory applied to ladle, the composition of carbonaceous unshape refractory includes：Refractory aggregate, powder, bonding agent, refractory aggregate are silica, and powder includes quartz sand, flyash and metallurgical coke, and bonding agent includes coal quality pitch, wherein each group distribution ratio is silica in terms of mass parts：Quartz sand：Flyash：Metallurgical coke：Coal quality pitch=40 60 part：5 10 parts：10 20 parts：10 20 parts：5 parts, while the invention also discloses the production methods of the carbonaceous unshape refractory.The advantages of refractory material of the present invention combines carbide refractory and aluminate fire resistant materials, can both be resistant to high temperature, also ensure that oxidation loss is relatively low at high temperature, and the refractory material cost produced using silica, flyash dispensing is relatively low.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of new processes of carbonaceous unshape refractory production, belong to Industrial Solid Waste applied to fire proofed wood
Expect a kind of new technology of industry.
Background technology
The indefinite shape that unshape refractory is made of the aggregate of certain grading, powder, bonding agent and additive
Refractory material without burning till for directly using.The refractoriness of unshape refractory should be not less than 1500 DEG C, some are heat-insulated
The refractoriness of unshape refractory allows less than 1500 DEG C.This kind of material is without fixed shape, in fluffy, pulpous state or mud cream
Shape, thus also referred to as loose refractory.
The composition of unshape refractory includes refractory aggregate and powder, bonding agent, additive etc..Its dosage should be according to not
The different cultivars and purposes of amorphous refractory determine.Under normal circumstances by percentage to the quality, aggregate dosage account for 65% with
On, powder dosage is about 10%~35%, and bonding agent dosage is 8%~15%, and additive is typically less than 1%, is more than seldom
4%, it is 8%~12% with water (or liquid).
Aggregate be divided into coarse aggregate (>=3mm), fine aggregate (3~0.088mm), powder be divided into fine powder material (0.088~
0.01mm), superfine powder (≤0.01mm).
Dosage is most in the composition and plays skeleton function for aggregate.Powder, which removes, to be played filling gap, improves workability and guarantor
It demonstrate,proves outside densification, also reacts sometimes with some bonding agents, unshape refractory is made to there is intensity or for improving it
His performance.The material identical with aggregate (see refractory powder) can be used in powder, and the material of powder is often higher than aggregate in
Material.
It is to depend on the condensation of conjugate in itself to harden property and bonding agent and knot that conjugate is combined into whole by bonding agent
Close the cementation generated between object.
1 ladle main chemical compositions of table, mineral composition classification
In the ferroalloy industry, often molten iron is contained using ladle and poured, current refractory material is generally using resistance to
Fiery soil, coke powder (60%) are built by laying bricks or stones, and refractoriness is enough, but its drawback is that seat clay reacts with molten iron, molten iron
It is bonded in ladle serious.
The content of the invention
To overcome the above disadvantages, the present invention proposes a kind of applied to the carbonaceous unshape refractory of ladle and its life
Production method.
The invention discloses a kind of carbonaceous unshape refractory applied to ladle, wherein, the carbonaceous is unsetting
The composition of refractory material includes：Refractory aggregate, powder, bonding agent, the refractory aggregate are silica, and the powder includes quartz
Sand, flyash and metallurgical coke, the bonding agent includes coal quality pitch, wherein each group distribution ratio is silica in terms of mass parts：Stone
Sand：Flyash：Metallurgical coke：Coal quality pitch=40-60 parts：5-10 parts：10-20 parts：10-20 parts：5 parts.
The wherein mainly skeleton function of refractory aggregate, increases elevated temperature strength；Powder is used for realizing the compact reactor of poor material
Product, filling aggregate gap avoid particle segregation, ensure the mobility of mixture, improve the compactness and bond strength of castable,
Ensure its volume stability；The effect of bonding agent is the elevated temperature strength and erosion resisting that enhancing combines aggregate and powder.When resistance to
When fiery aggregate content is less, adhesion strength is weaker, and the refractory material of side wall easily comes off during ramming.
Further, the silica includes the silica of grain size 1-2mm and the silica of grain size 2-5mm, in terms of mass parts, grain size
The silica of 1-2mm：Silica=10-15 parts of grain size 2-5mm：30-45 parts, the silica of wherein bulky grain serves as big aggregate, small
The silica of grain serves as fine aggregate.
Further, the composition of the unshape refractory further includes water-reducing agent.The addition of water-reducing agent can make mixing
The plasticity of material increases.
Further, the flyash granularity is 15~45 μm, and the metallurgical coke granularity is below 100 mesh, with quality
Percentages, for the phosphorus content of the metallurgical coke higher than 84%, volatile matter is less than 7%.
The invention also discloses one such application in the production method of the carbonaceous unshape refractory of ladle, including
Following steps：
S1, flyash and coal quality pitch are added in ball mill progress ball milling simultaneously, obtains ball milling material；
S2, quartz sand, metallurgical coke, silica in mixer are pre-mixed to stirring, obtain stirring material；
S3, the ball milling material and the stirring material are stirred together, while add in moisture and obtain mixed material；
S4, model has been propped up when mixed material surface is in wetting state, by mixed material ramming into certain thickness；
S5, the mixed material after ramming in step S4 is dried, obtains refractory material.
Further, Ball-milling Time described in step S1 is 5~8h.
Further, mixing time described in step S2 is 5~15min.
Further, biodiversity described in step S3 is the ball milling material and the 25%- of the stirring material gross mass
35%.
Further, the mixed material thickness in step S4 after ramming is 50~100mm.
Further, mixed material described in step S5 dries 10-24h at 700-800 DEG C.
2 unshape refractory cost statement of table
3 ladle raw material for refractory of table matches table
Contrast table 2 and table 3 are as can be seen that use the refractory material of the dispensings such as silica, quartz sand cost about 237 per ton
Member, cost are less than the refractory material being mainly made of coke powder.
In addition, fine coal fusion point of ash in carbonaceous unshape refractory is up to 2000 DEG C or more, quartziferous refractory material
For refractoriness up to 1650 DEG C, the granularity of fine coal ashes is smaller, is disperse easily in the surface of silica, at high temperature, flyash can
Lower the burn-off rate of quartz, improve the refractoriness of mixture.The specific surface area of flyash is larger, so needing first with drip
Green grass or young crops combines, therefore fine coal ash quantity increases, and can cause the adhesion strength of mixture to decline.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：
1. the refractory material of invention combines the advantages of carbide refractory and aluminate fire resistant materials, both may be used
To be resistant to high temperature, also ensure that oxidation loss is relatively low at high temperature.
It is 2. relatively low using the refractory material cost that silica, flyash dispensing produce.
3. the refractory material generally use seat clay of current ladle, but seat clay is easily bonded with molten iron, Mei Getie
When water bag is unpacked, than containing, seat clay is averagely few to take away more than 150kg to the iron that unshape refractory containing carbonaceous is taken away.
Description of the drawings
The above-mentioned and/or additional aspect and advantage of the present invention will become from the following description of the accompanying drawings of embodiments
Obviously and it is readily appreciated that, wherein：
Fig. 1 is the flow sheet for the carbonaceous unshape refractory for being applied to ladle in the present invention；
Fig. 2 be in the present invention applied to ladle carbonaceous unshape refractory poured out in ladle after example
Figure.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described below in detail, the example of embodiment is shown in the drawings, wherein identical from beginning to end
Or similar label represents same or similar element or has the function of same or like element.It is retouched below with reference to attached drawing
The embodiment stated is exemplary, and is only used for explaining the present invention, and is not considered as limiting the invention.
One of embodiment according to the present invention shows a kind of unsetting fire proofed wood of the carbonaceous applied to ladle
Material, wherein, the composition of the carbonaceous unshape refractory includes：Refractory aggregate, powder, bonding agent, the refractory aggregate are
Silica, the powder include quartz sand, flyash and metallurgical coke, and the bonding agent includes coal quality pitch, wherein with mass parts
It is silica to count each group distribution ratio：Quartz sand：Flyash：Metallurgical coke：Coal quality pitch=40-60 parts：5-10 parts：10-20 parts：
10-20 parts：5 parts.
The wherein mainly skeleton function of refractory aggregate, increases elevated temperature strength；Powder is used for realizing the compact reactor of poor material
Product, filling aggregate gap avoid particle segregation, ensure the mobility of mixture, improve the compactness and bond strength of castable,
Ensure its volume stability；The effect of bonding agent is the elevated temperature strength and erosion resisting that enhancing combines aggregate and powder.When resistance to
When fiery aggregate content is less, adhesion strength is weaker, and the refractory material of side wall easily comes off during ramming.
Further, the silica includes the silica of grain size 1-2mm and the silica of grain size 2-5mm, in terms of mass parts, grain size
The silica of 1-2mm：Silica=10-15 parts of grain size 2-5mm：30-45 parts, the silica of wherein bulky grain serves as big aggregate, small
The silica of grain serves as fine aggregate.
Further, the composition of the unshape refractory further includes water-reducing agent.The addition of water-reducing agent can make mixing
The plasticity of material increases.
Further, the flyash granularity is 15~45 μm, and the metallurgical coke granularity is below 100 mesh, with quality
Percentages, for the phosphorus content of the metallurgical coke higher than 84%, volatile matter is less than 7%.
The invention also discloses one such application in the production method of the carbonaceous unshape refractory of ladle, such as scheme
Flow chart shown in 1, this method comprise the following steps：
S1, flyash and coal quality pitch are added in ball mill progress ball milling simultaneously, obtains ball milling material；
S2, quartz sand, metallurgical coke, silica in mixer are pre-mixed to stirring, obtain stirring material；
S3, the ball milling material and the stirring material are stirred together, while add in moisture and obtain mixed material；
S4, model has been propped up when mixed material surface is in wetting state, by mixed material ramming into certain thickness；
S5, the mixed material after ramming in step S4 is dried, obtains refractory material.
Further, Ball-milling Time described in step S1 is 5~8h.
Further, mixing time described in step S2 is 5~15min.
Further, biodiversity described in step S3 is the ball milling material and the 25%- of the stirring material gross mass
35%.
Further, the mixed material thickness in step S4 after ramming is 50~100mm.
Further, mixed material described in step S5 dries 10-24h at 700-800 DEG C.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Raw material uses 15 parts of silica (1~2mm), 45 parts of silica (2~5mm), quartz sand, flyash etc., proportioning such as following table：
4 raw material for refractory of table matches table
Flyash and coal quality pitch add in ball mill, ball milling 5h, 15~45 μm of flyash granularity simultaneously；Quartz sand, coke powder,
Silica is pre-mixed stirring 10min in mixer；The mixture after mixture and premixing after ball milling stirs together, while adding
After 25% moisture for entering total mixing material quality, surface of material has propped up model, by refractory material ramming into 50mm in wetting state
Thickness is dried at 700~800 DEG C, after drying 10h, obtains refractory material.It is tested by live molten iron, surface declines about
1cm has found refractory material without burn-through after unpacking, in coke powder black, the come out of the stove initial stage temperature of molten iron of mineral hot furnace is more than 2000 for inside
DEG C, the refractoriness for illustrating to add the refractory material of coke powder is more than 2000 DEG C.
After the mixing of the raw materials such as silica, quartz sand, flyash, metallurgical coke, coal quality pitch, with mixer, de-airing extruder
Processing after shaping drying, obtains the experiment brick of refractory material, and refractoriness is better than High-Alumina brick performance, and specific targets see the table below：
5 test of refractories index of table compares
Embodiment 2
Raw material uses 12 parts of silica (1~2mm), 43 parts of silica (2~5mm), quartz sand, flyash etc., proportioning such as following table：
6 raw material for refractory of table matches table
Flyash and coal quality pitch add in ball mill, ball milling 8h, 15~45 μm of flyash granularity simultaneously；Quartz sand, coke powder,
Silica is pre-mixed stirring 10min in mixer；The mixture after mixture and premixing after ball milling stirs together, while adding
After 35% moisture for entering total mixing material quality, surface of material has propped up model, by refractory material ramming into 100mm in wetting state
Thickness is dried at 700 DEG C~800 DEG C, after drying for 24 hours, obtains refractory material.It is tested by live molten iron, surface declines about
1cm has found refractory material without burn-through after unpacking, in coke powder black, the come out of the stove initial stage temperature of molten iron of mineral hot furnace is more than 2000 for inside
DEG C, the refractoriness for illustrating to add the refractory material of coke powder is more than 2000 DEG C.
After the mixing of the raw materials such as silica, quartz sand, flyash, metallurgical coke, coal quality pitch, with mixer, de-airing extruder
Processing after shaping drying, obtains the experiment brick of refractory material, and refractoriness is better than High-Alumina brick performance, and specific targets see the table below：
7 test of refractories index of table compares
Embodiment 3
Raw material uses 10 parts of silica (1~2mm), 30 parts of silica (2~5mm), quartz sand, flyash etc., proportioning such as following table：
8 raw material for refractory of table matches table
Flyash and coal quality pitch add in ball mill, ball milling 7h, 15~45 μm of flyash granularity simultaneously；Quartz sand, coke powder,
Silica is pre-mixed stirring 10min in mixer；The mixture after mixture and premixing after ball milling stirs together, while adding
After 30% moisture for entering total mixing material quality, surface of material has propped up model, by refractory material ramming into 80mm in wetting state
Thickness is dried at 700 DEG C~800 DEG C, after drying 12h, obtains refractory material.It is tested by live molten iron, surface declines about
1cm has found refractory material without burn-through after unpacking, in coke powder black, the come out of the stove initial stage temperature of molten iron of mineral hot furnace is more than 2000 for inside
DEG C, the refractoriness for illustrating to add the refractory material of coke powder is more than 2000 DEG C.
After the mixing of the raw materials such as silica, quartz sand, flyash, metallurgical coke, coal quality pitch, with mixer, de-airing extruder
Processing after shaping drying, obtains the experiment brick of refractory material, and refractoriness is better than High-Alumina brick performance, and specific targets see the table below：
9 test of refractories index of table compares
Embodiment 4
Raw material uses 20 parts of silica (1mm~2mm), 43 parts of silica (2mm~5mm), quartz sand, flyash etc., with such as
Following table：
10 raw material for refractory of table matches table
Flyash and coal quality pitch add in ball mill, ball milling 8h, 15 μm~45 μm of flyash granularity simultaneously；Quartz sand, coke
Powder, silica are pre-mixed stirring 10min in mixer；The mixture after mixture and premixing after ball milling stirs together, and one
After side adds in 35% moisture of total mixing material quality, after having propped up model in ladle, during ramming, mud always under
Fall, it is difficult to use.
Embodiment 5
Raw material uses 10 parts of silica (1mm~2mm), 20 parts of silica (2mm~5mm), quartz sand, flyash etc., with such as
Following table：
11 raw material for refractory of table matches table
Flyash and coal quality pitch add in ball mill, ball milling 8h, 15~45 μm of flyash granularity simultaneously；Quartz sand, coke powder,
Silica is pre-mixed stirring 10min in mixer；The mixture after mixture and premixing after ball milling stirs together, while adding
After 35% moisture for entering total mixing material quality, because aggregate is very little, during ramming, mud is difficult to be molded.
Although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that：Not
In the case of departing from the principle of the present invention and objective a variety of change, modification, replacement and modification can be carried out to these embodiments, this
The scope of invention is limited by claim and its equivalent.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. carbonaceous unshape refractory applied to ladle, which is characterized in that the carbonaceous unshape refractory Composition include：Refractory aggregate, powder, bonding agent, the refractory aggregate are silica, and the powder includes quartz sand, flyash And metallurgical coke, the bonding agent includes coal quality pitch, wherein each group distribution ratio is silica in terms of mass parts：Quartz sand：Fine coal Ash：Metallurgical coke：Coal quality pitch=40-60 parts：5-10 parts：10-20 parts：10-20 parts：5 parts.
- 2. carbonaceous unshape refractory as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the silica includes grain size 1-2mm's The silica of silica and grain size 2-5mm, in terms of mass parts, the silica of grain size 1-2mm：Silica=10-15 parts of grain size 2-5mm：30- 45 parts.
- 3. carbonaceous unshape refractory as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the composition of the unshape refractory Further include water-reducing agent.
- 4. carbonaceous unshape refractory as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the flyash granularity for 15~ 45 μm, the metallurgical coke granularity is below 100 mesh, and by percentage to the quality, the phosphorus content of the metallurgical coke is higher than 84%, Volatile matter is less than 7%.
- 5. the producer of the carbonaceous unshape refractory applied to ladle described in a kind of any one of claim 1-4 Method comprises the following steps：S1, flyash and coal quality pitch are added in ball mill progress ball milling simultaneously, obtains ball milling material；S2, quartz sand, metallurgical coke, silica in mixer are pre-mixed to stirring, obtain stirring material；S3, the ball milling material and the stirring material are stirred together, while add in moisture and obtain mixed material；S4, model has been propped up when mixed material surface is in wetting state, by mixed material ramming into certain thickness；S5, the mixed material after ramming in step S4 is dried, obtains refractory material.
- 6. being applied to the production method of the carbonaceous unshape refractory of ladle as described in claim 5, feature exists In Ball-milling Time described in step S1 is 5~8h.
- 7. being applied to the production method of the carbonaceous unshape refractory of ladle as described in claim 5, feature exists In mixing time described in step S2 is 5~15min.
- 8. being applied to the production method of the carbonaceous unshape refractory of ladle as described in claim 5, feature exists In biodiversity described in step S3 is the ball milling material and the 25%-35% of the stirring material gross mass.
- 9. being applied to the production method of the carbonaceous unshape refractory of ladle as described in claim 5, feature exists In the mixed material thickness in step S4 after ramming is 50~100mm.
- 10. being applied to the production method of the carbonaceous unshape refractory of ladle as described in claim 5, feature exists In mixed material described in step S5 dries 10-24h at 700-800 DEG C.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111675544A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-09-18 | 襄阳聚力新材料科技有限公司 | Acid furnace lining material for ultra-high temperature environment and preparation method thereof |
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2017
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111675544A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-09-18 | 襄阳聚力新材料科技有限公司 | Acid furnace lining material for ultra-high temperature environment and preparation method thereof |
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