CN108086260B - Differential type High-low Bucket Energy Dissipation Building-height falls bank type stilling pond system and energy dissipating method - Google Patents
Differential type High-low Bucket Energy Dissipation Building-height falls bank type stilling pond system and energy dissipating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108086260B CN108086260B CN201711365487.3A CN201711365487A CN108086260B CN 108086260 B CN108086260 B CN 108086260B CN 201711365487 A CN201711365487 A CN 201711365487A CN 108086260 B CN108086260 B CN 108086260B
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- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of differential type High-low Bucket Energy Dissipation Building-height to fall bank type stilling pond system and energy dissipating method, is related to high dam flood discharge and energy dissipation technology field.The system includes that differential type High-low Bucket Energy Dissipation Building, height fall bank type stilling pond and intelligent control unit.Differential type height choose bank trajectory bucket type energy realize to it is lower sluice stream be longitudinally separated, extending transversely and midair collision energy dissipating；Height is fallen bank type stilling pond and accepts the overflow entered in the form of oblique impact jet flow, and jet stream mainstream falls the mixing pattern that bank type stilling pond generates submerged jets and submerged hydraulic jump in height, and energy substantially dissipates；Intelligent control unit is controlled by the working condition that the signal of analysis water level sensor falls bank type stilling pond to height.The present invention significantly improves effect of energy dissipation, mitigates the lower stream that sluices of high speed and wash away to underwater bed by choosing stream collision energy dissipating, turbulent fluctuation shearing and turbulent fluctuation diffusion and submerged hydraulic jump；Meanwhile stilling pond length shortens, no setting is required for stilling pond bottom protection-apron, reduces project cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to high dam flood-discharge energy-dissipating fields, fall more particularly to a kind of differential type High-low Bucket Energy Dissipation Building-height
Bank type stilling pond system.
Background technique
With the raising of waterpower development utilization rate, China is completed or is building large quantities of large sizes with world lead level
Water-control project.High dam reservoir can generate significant economical in numerous areas such as flood control, power generation, shipping and irrigations after building up
Benefit, but also more stringent requirements are proposed to Design of Discharge Dissipation for high dam, especially some induced joints in Southwestern China area, such as
Two beaches, voe and small stream Luo Du etc. need to lead off by dam body a large amount of floods since dam site is located at Narrow Valleys, and aerial drainage is concentrated, let out
Mighty torrent amount is big, and the energy dissipating during flood discharge and erosion control problem are more prominent.
Flip trajectory bucket is a kind of common energy dissipater's form, and trajectory bucket type energy is simple, easy for construction with structure, saves work
Journey expense and it is adaptable to tail water luffing the advantages that, the disadvantage is that downstream local scour problem is serious, tail water fluctuation and atomization model
It encloses greatly, corresponding engineering protection measure need to be set.
Falling bank type stilling pond is a kind of emerging energy dissipater with applications well prospect, by downward in stilling pond inlet
It excavates certain depth formation and falls bank, due to falling the presence of bank, jet flow is reached bottom plate after entering pond in a manner of submerged jets, passed through
Turbulent fluctuation shearing with water body in stilling pond carries out energy dissipating, and a clockwise rotary roll, shape in front of overflow are formed at overflow lower part
At submerged hydraulic jump, there are certain thickness " water cushions " between mainstream and bottom plate, so that reducing overflow reaches force reduction pool bottom
Time-average pressure and underflow speed；But falling bank type stilling pond not can avoid impact failure of the jet flow to bottom plate still, while can not
The energy of abundant dissipation jet flow, thus existing bank type stilling pond length of falling is long, and bottom still needs to setting protection-apron, work of constructing
Journey amount and cost are huge.Setting apron is also needed simultaneously to guarantee that downstream river course is not destroyed by current scour, at the end sill of stilling pond
Equal dissipation and scourings facility, equally will increase construction work amount and cost.Therefore, still up for fall the structure of bank type stilling pond into
Row optimization reduces water flow to the impact failure degree of force reduction pool bottom, improves effect of energy dissipation, reduce project amount and project cost.
Summary of the invention
Fall bank type technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of differential type High-low Bucket Energy Dissipation Building-height to disappear power
Cell system can significantly improve effect of energy dissipation, mitigate the lower stream that sluices of high speed and wash away to underwater bed.
In order to solve the above technical problems, one technical scheme adopted by the invention is that: a kind of differential type height bank is provided and is chosen
Stream energy dissipater-height falls bank type stilling pond system, mainly falls bank type stilling pond, intelligence including differential type High-low Bucket Energy Dissipation Building, height
It can control unit；
The differential type High-low Bucket Energy Dissipation Building, which is located at below discharge orifice, lets out rooved face, mainly includes that differential type is tall
Bank, differential type are low to choose bank；The tall bank of differential type, which is located at, lets out slot middle and lower part, and upper surface, left and right side are equipped with stomata, differential type
It is low choose bank and be located at let out slot tail, upper surface is equipped with stomata, and rooved face is let out with tooth-in the tall bank of differential type bank edge of choosing low with differential type
The alternate mode of slot is arranged；
The height falls bank type stilling pond and is located at the rear portion for letting out slot, main to fall bank, Er Daoba, pair including what is be distributed from front to back
Dam, end sill fall bank and are connected with slot tail is let out, and end sill is connected with downstream river course；Two dam crest portions are equipped with the first gate, auxiliary dam top
Portion is equipped with the second gate, falls the height between bis- dam Kan Yu and falls and is equipped with the first level sensor in side wall on the left of bank type stilling pond
Device, the height between two dams and auxiliary dam, which falls, is equipped with the second water level sensor in side wall on the left of bank type stilling pond；
The intelligent control unit mainly includes intelligent signal conditioner, A/D signal adapter, the PLC control being sequentially connected
Device processed, D/A signal adapter, the first water level sensor, the second water level sensor with the input terminal phase of intelligent signal conditioner
Even, the output end of D/A signal adapter is connected with the first gate, the second gate.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the tall bank of the differential type it is low with differential type choose bank include multiple teeth and
Slot, tooth and the laterally consecutive arrangement of slot, the tooth are with the defrlector bucket for choosing angle, and tooth is projected as trapezoidal, institute let out rooved face
Stating slot is to let out rooved face region at left and right sides of tooth, is letting out rooved face along water (flow) direction, the tooth of the tall bank of differential type and
The slot tooth for choosing bank low with differential type and slot distinguish interlaced arrangement.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the tall bank of the differential type and the low upper surface for choosing bank of differential type are all provided with
There is the stomata along water (flow) direction, differential type is equipped in the middle part of tall bank left and right side perpendicular to the stomata for letting out rooved face.The gas
Hole can effectively mitigate the lower stream that sluices of high speed to the tall bank of differential type and the low cavitation erosion for choosing bank of differential type.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the tall bank distance of the differential type lets out the distance in groove top portion and distance lets out slot
The ratio of distances constant of tail portion is 3:2.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, two dam is located at height and falls in the middle part of bank type stilling pond, the auxiliary dam position
Between the dam Yu Erdao and end sill, the distance of auxiliary dam to two dams and the ratio of distances constant of auxiliary dam to end sill are 3:1.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the height on two dam is higher than auxiliary dam height, and second gate is complete
Height after height-rise is higher than two height of dam degree, and the height of the auxiliary dam is higher than the height of end sill, and first gate rises completely
Height after rising is lower than the height for falling bank.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, first water level sensor, which is mounted on, falls between bis- dam Kan Yu
Position is entreated, the mounting height of the first water level sensor is higher than the height on two dams, and second water level sensor is mounted on two
Central location between dam and auxiliary dam, the mounting height of the second water level sensor are higher than the height of auxiliary dam.
Further, first water level sensor and the second water level sensor are provided with different hydraulic pressure force thresholds.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the end sill is ramp structure, helps to realize out pond flow rate of water flow
It is uniformly distributed.
In order to solve the above technical problems, another technical solution used in the present invention is: it is high to provide a kind of differential type
Low bank trajectory bucket type energy-height falls the energy dissipating method of bank type stilling pond system, the method is as follows:
The differential type High-low Bucket Energy Dissipation Building is realized to being longitudinally separated of the lower stream that sluices, extending transversely and midair collision
Energy dissipating；
The height is fallen bank type stilling pond and accepts the overflow entered in the form of oblique impact jet flow, and jet stream mainstream falls bank type in height
Stilling pond generates the mixing pattern of submerged jets and submerged hydraulic jump, and energy substantially dissipates；
The intelligent control unit by the signal of analysis water level sensor to height fall the working condition of bank type stilling pond into
Row control.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1) rooved face is let out according to the alternate mode of tooth-slot in the tall bank of differential type in the present invention and the low bank edge of choosing of differential type
Arrangement, the tall bank of differential type and the low tooth for choosing bank of differential type-slot arrangement are interlaced, and the shape of tooth is width along the increased ladder of journey
Shape, lower sluicing stream flow through the tall bank of differential type and differential type is low be longitudinally separated when choosing at bank with it is extending transversely, in the sky
By diffusion, aeration process, portion of energy is consumed, and the water flow through the tall bank flip shot of differential type is in dropping process and through difference
The low water flow for choosing bank flip shot of dynamic formula collides energy dissipating in the sky；
(2) step height that the height in the present invention falls bank type stilling pond is much higher than traditional stilling pond, the water blocking on two dams
It acts on lower height and falls bank type stilling pond upstream side region water level harmony height, have sufficient water cushion thickness, to flood impact jet flow entrance
The overflow that height falls bank type stilling pond just swims deviation, streamline bending gradually downward before directly impact height falls bank type force reduction pool bottom
It turns to, energy significantly dissipates, and ultimately forms horizontal direction flowing, avoids traditional flip trajectory bucket process and formed in energy dissipater downstream
Scour hole, be conducive to the overall stability for ensureing reservoir dam and energy-dissipating structure, further increase effect of energy dissipation, meanwhile, disappear
Power pond length shortens, no setting is required for stilling pond bottom protection-apron, reduces construction work amount, reduces project cost；
(3) height in the present invention falls bank type stilling pond and is provided with two dams and auxiliary dam, can be in different letdown flow items
The energy dissipating efficiency for guaranteeing submerged hydraulic jump under part, enables the lower abundant energy dissipating of sluicing stream, and height falls bank type stilling pond downstream side water
Body is smoothly connected with water body in downstream river course, guarantees that downstream river course is not destroyed by current scour, meanwhile, height falls bank type stilling pond
Without dissipation and scourings facilities such as setting aprons at end sill, reduce construction work amount, reduces project cost；
(4) intelligent control unit in the present invention is by the signal of analysis water level sensor, according to different aerial drainage operating conditions,
Adjustment height falls the working condition of bank type stilling pond, improves effect of energy dissipation on the basis of meeting and sluicing and require.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the knot that differential type High-low Bucket Energy Dissipation Building-height of the present invention falls one preferred embodiment of bank type stilling pond system
Structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the top view of the differential type High-low Bucket Energy Dissipation Building；
Fig. 3 is the schematic perspective view of the tooth of the tall bank of the differential type；
Fig. 4 is the top view that the height falls bank type stilling pond；
Fig. 5 is the structural block diagram of the intelligent control unit；
The components in the drawings are labeled as follows: 1, discharge orifice, and 2, let out slot, 3, differential type High-low Bucket Energy Dissipation Building, 31, poor
The tall bank of dynamic formula, 32, differential type is low chooses bank, 33, stomata, 34, tooth, 35, slot, 4, height fall bank type stilling pond, 41, fall bank, 42, tail
Bank, 43, Er Daoba, the 44, first gate, 45, auxiliary dam, the 46, second gate, the 47, first water level sensor, the 48, second water level pass
Sensor, 5, intelligent control unit, 51, intelligent signal conditioner, 52, A/D signal adapter, 53, PLC controller, 54, D/A letter
Number converter, 6, downstream river course.
Specific embodiment
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing, so that advantages and features of the invention energy
It is easier to be readily appreciated by one skilled in the art, so as to make a clearer definition of the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to Fig. 1, the embodiment of the present invention includes:
A kind of differential type High-low Bucket Energy Dissipation Building-height falls bank type stilling pond system, mainly includes that differential type height bank is chosen
Stream energy dissipater 3, height fall bank type stilling pond 4, intelligent control unit 5.
The differential type High-low Bucket Energy Dissipation Building 3, which is located at below discharge orifice 1, lets out 2 surface of slot, mainly includes differential type
Tall bank 31, differential type are low to choose bank 32.In conjunction with Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the tall bank 32 of differential type, which is located at, lets out 2 middle and lower part of slot, distance
It is 3:2 that the distance and distance for letting out 2 top of slot, which let out the ratio of distances constant of 2 tail portion of slot, and upper surface is equipped with the stomata along water (flow) direction
33, left and right side is equipped with perpendicular to the stomata 33 for letting out 2 surface of slot.It is closer that tall 32 distance of bank of differential type lets out 2 bottom of slot, can
Guarantee flip shot collision overflow enter pond distance will not distance to fall bank too far.The differential type is low to choose bank 32 and is located at and let out 2 tail portion of slot,
Upper surface is equipped with the stomata 33 along water (flow) direction.The stomata 33 can effectively mitigate the lower stream that sluices of high speed to the tall bank of differential type
31 cavitation erosions for choosing bank 32 low with differential type.The tall bank 31 of differential type is low with differential type to choose bank 32 along letting out 2 surface of slot with tooth-slot
Alternate mode arranges that the tall bank 31 of differential type bank 32 of choosing low with differential type includes multiple teeth 34 and slot 35, tooth 34 and slot 35
Laterally consecutive arrangement, the tooth 34 are to choose angle angle and let out water flow under, desired choose with the specific defrlector bucket for choosing angle
Away from related, required according to engineering discipline, the angle of choosing of the tall bank 31 of the differential type tooth 34 for choosing bank 32 low with differential type is arranged at
Between 5 ° -20 °.Tooth 34 is projected as trapezoidal let out 2 surface of slot, and the height of tooth 34 is let out direction under water flow and gradually increased, described
Slot 35 is to let out 2 surface region of slot at left and right sides of tooth 34.2 surface of slot is being let out along water (flow) direction, the tall bank 31 of differential type
Tooth 34 and the tooth 34 for choosing bank 32 low with differential type of slot 35 and slot 35 distinguish interlaced arrangement.
The height falls bank type stilling pond 4 and is located at the rear portion for letting out slot 2, main to fall bank 41, two including what is be distributed from front to back
Dam 43, auxiliary dam 45, end sill 42 fall bank 41 and are connected with 2 tail portion of slot is let out, and end sill 42 is connected with downstream river course 6, and the end sill 42 is oblique
Slope structure helps to realize out being uniformly distributed for pond flow rate of water flow.In conjunction with Fig. 4, two dam 43, which is located at height and falls bank type, to disappear power
4 middle part of pond, for the auxiliary dam 45 between two dams 43 and end sill 42, the distance and auxiliary dam 45 on 45 to two road dam 43 of auxiliary dam arrive tail
The ratio of distances constant of bank 42 is 3:1.First gate 44 is installed at the top of two dam 43, second gate is installed at the top of auxiliary dam 45
46, fall the height between bank 41 and two dams 43 and fall the first water level sensor 47 is installed in 4 left side side wall of bank type stilling pond, two
Height between dam 43 and auxiliary dam 45, which falls, is equipped with the second water level sensor 48 in 4 left side side wall of bank type stilling pond.Because lower sluicing is flowed
Energy dissipation by hydraulic jump should all control and completed before two dams 43 as far as possible, guarantee energy dissipating efficiency, fall the first lock in flood season Shi Caihui
Door 44 rises the second gate 46, hydraulic jump position control between two dams 43 and auxiliary dam 45；Instantly it is very big to let out water flow
When, this operating condition not can guarantee water body in stilling pond 4 and quickly downstream drain, and can just fall the second gate 46 and enter third work
Condition, but energy dissipating efficiency can reduce at this time, so two dams 43 are located at stilling pond in order to which the range for making the first operating condition applicable is maximum
4 middle parts, to guarantee that the scope of application of second of operating condition is greater than the third operating condition, therefore the distance on 45 to two road dam 43 of auxiliary dam and pair
The ratio of distances constant of dam 45 to end sill 42 is 3:1.
Specifically, the height on two dam 43 is higher than 45 height of auxiliary dam, the height after second gate 46 rise completely
Degree is higher than two dams, 43 height, and the height of the auxiliary dam 45 is higher than the height of end sill 42, after first gate 44 rises completely
Height be lower than and fall the height of bank 41.First water level sensor 47 is mounted on the central position fallen between bank 41 and two dams 43
It sets, the mounting height of the first water level sensor 47 is higher than the height on two dams 43, and second water level sensor 48 is mounted on two
Central location between road dam 43 and auxiliary dam 45, the mounting height of the second water level sensor 48 are higher than the height of auxiliary dam 45.
Further, first water level sensor 47 and the second water level sensor 48 are provided with different water pressure thresholds
Value.The hydraulic pressure force threshold p of first water level sensor 471For ρ gh1, the hydraulic pressure force threshold p of the second water level sensor 482For ρ gh2,
Wherein ρ is the density of water, and g is acceleration of gravity, h1Height after being fully opened for the first gate 44, h2It is complete for the second gate 46
Height after full open.
In conjunction with Fig. 5, the intelligent control unit 5 is mounted on inside the discharge structure for letting out the lower section of slot 2, mainly include according to
Secondary connected intelligent signal conditioner 51, A/D signal adapter 52, PLC controller 53, D/A signal adapter 54, the first water level
Sensor 47, the second water level sensor 48 are connected with the input terminal of intelligent signal conditioner 51, D/A signal adapter 54 it is defeated
Outlet is connected with the first gate 44, the second gate 46.First water level sensor 47 is detected with the second water level sensor 48
Water level signal output is to A/D signal adapter 52 after the conditioning of intelligent signal conditioner 51, A/D signal adapter 52 is detection
To analog signal be converted into the digital signal that PLC controller 53 can identify, PLC controller 53 is according to established Function Modules
Type output pulse signal exports result and by D/A signal adapter 54 is converted into analog signal to control the first gate 44 and the
Two gates 46 execute opening and closing operation.Specifically, stilling pond water level value that PLC controller 53 detects water level sensor and setting
Threshold value is compared, output pulse signal, if regulation high level corresponds to closed shutter operation, when what water level sensor detected disappears
Power water place value is more than design threshold, then exports high level, is converted into the i.e. controllable lock of analog signal through D/A signal adapter 54
Door is closed.
The energy dissipating method for being fallen bank type stilling pond system using the differential type High-low Bucket Energy Dissipation Building-height, is specifically included
Following steps:
1. initial, the first gate 44 for being mounted on two dams, 43 top is in the open state, is mounted on 45 top of auxiliary dam
Second gate 46 is in close state, and height, which falls, has saved water body in bank type stilling pond 4, and the height in the front of two dam 43 falls bank type and disappears power
4 upstream side water level of pond is lower than the height after two dams, 43 the first gate 44 of top fully opens, and the height at two dams, 43 rear falls bank
4 downstream side water level of type stilling pond is higher than the height of auxiliary dam 45 and end sill 42, and downstream side water body is smoothly held in the mouth with water body in downstream river course 6
It connects, the water of installed position where the mounting height of the first water level sensor 47 and the second water level sensor 48 is above respectively
Position, the first water level sensor 47, the second water level sensor 48 and intelligent control unit 5 are in standby；
2. the high-velocity flow through letting out under discharge orifice 1 flows downstream along 2 surface of slot is let out, sluicing stream is flow to instantly
When tall 31 position of bank of differential type, water flow is longitudinally separated, tooth 34 of a part of water flow in the tall bank 31 of differential type
Effect is lower to occur flip shot, because along water (flow) direction lateral magnification occurs for tooth 34, the water flow through 34 flip shot of tooth occurs more in the sky
Add significantly extending transversely, the water flow provoked spreads in the sky, aeration, consumption part energy, and another part water flows through slot
35 let out arrival differential type are low chooses bank 32 along letting out under 2 surface of slot is continued, because the tall bank 31 of differential type is low with differential type to choose bank 32
Tooth 34- slot 35 arrange interlaced, flow to that the low lower sluicing stream for choosing Kan32Chu of differential type is most of to choose bank differential type is low
Flip shot occurs under the action of 32 tooth 34, water flow is longitudinally separated, and the water flow overflow provoked spreads in the sky, aeration, disappears
Consume part energy, other fraction water flow along differential type it is low choose bank 32 and flow into height through slot 35 fall 4 water body of bank type stilling pond
In；
3. the water flow through tall 31 flip shot of bank of differential type is made to be similar to parabolic type movement, opened after reaching flip shot highest point
Begin to fall, collide in the sky energy dissipating in dropping process with through the low water flow for choosing 32 flip shot of bank of differential type, two strands of flip shot water
Stream collide after except edge water body because collision is fragmented into numerous tiny water stocks, the jet path line with original each stock is outer
Boundary falls into height at sector and falls outside 4 water body of bank type stilling pond, and the mainstream of two bursts of flip shot water flows permeates an overflow, with oblique
Impact jet flow form falls into height and falls in 4 water body of bank type stilling pond；
4. falling into the high overflow for falling bank type stilling pond 4 in the form of oblique impact jet flow in the form of flooding impact jet flow to height
The bottom of pond movement for falling bank type stilling pond 4, enters water stream and energy dissipating water body generates strong shear action, meanwhile, jet stream mainstream two
Side is respectively formed a rotary roll, is spread by strong turbulent fluctuation shearing and turbulent fluctuation, and jet stream mainstream flow velocity is greatly reduced, and kinetic energy is quick
It dissipates, is flooding the impact jet flow stage, the overflow for falling bank type stilling pond 4 into height will dissipate itself most of energy；
5. being equipped with two dams 43 and the first gate 44 in bank type stilling pond 4 since height falls, the height in two dams, 43 front falls bank
4 upstream side region water level harmony of type stilling pond is high, floods impact jet flow under flow turbulence and rotary roll guiding role, jet stream mainstream exists
Directly impact height just swims deviation gradually downward before falling 4 bottom plate of bank type stilling pond, and streamline bending turns to, and ultimately forms horizontal direction stream
It is dynamic, submerged hydraulic jump is formed before two dams 43, mainstream inhales in the volume of lower section rotary roll and crosses two Ba43Ding under backwater effect
First gate 44 in portion, flow energy further dissipates, and by the above multiple energy dissipating, crosses two dams, 43 the first gate 44 of top
Water flow import height and fall the turbulent fluctuation that not will cause the downstream side water surface behind 4 downstream side of bank type stilling pond, downstream side water body and downstream river
Water body is smoothly connected in road 6, guarantees that downstream river course is not destroyed by current scour；
6. entering flood season, the water through letting out under discharge orifice 1 can be higher than normal amount of water to be discharged, high at this time to fall bank type stilling pond 4
Interior water level can be increased significantly, height after water level is fully opened close to two dams, 43 the first gate 44 of top before two dams 43
When spending, hydraulic jump floods factor sigmajIt increases substantially, hydraulic jump length dramatically increases, and can not be formed before two dams 43 and flood water
Jump, causes entire height to fall the reduction of 4 effect of energy dissipation of bank type stilling pond, and water level at this time reaches the water of the first water level sensor 47 setting
The analog signal for characterizing water level information is transferred to intelligent control single by special circuit by pressure threshold, the first water level sensor 47
Member 5, intelligent control unit 5 control the second gate 46 while controlling the first gate 44 and closing and open, and height falls bank type stilling pond 4
Interior part water body crosses two dams 43, and height, which falls water level in bank type stilling pond 4, to be reduced, and jet stream mainstream is flooded before auxiliary dam 45
Hydraulic jump, mainstream the volume of lower section rotary roll inhale and backwater effect under cross second gate 46 at the top of auxiliary dam 45, flow energy is into one
Step dissipates, and by multiple energy dissipating, the water flow for crossing 45 the second gate 46 of top of auxiliary dam is imported after height falls 4 downstream side of bank type stilling pond
Not will cause the turbulent fluctuation of the downstream side water surface, downstream side water body is smoothly connected with water body in downstream river course 6, guarantee downstream river course not by
Current scour destroys；
7. rising suddenly and sharply in the rare scale flood of experience or sudden Extreme Precipitation process, reservoir level, dam safety is generated
When threat, quick flood discharge is needed, extensive, long-time aerial drainage will be carried out through discharge orifice 1 at this time, amount of water to be discharged is very in the short time
Greatly, height falls water level in bank type stilling pond 4 and quickly goes up, and after executing 6. operation that the walks, 45 front water level of auxiliary dam is still approached
Or the height after being fully opened more than 45 the second gate 46 of top of auxiliary dam, submerged hydraulic jump can not be formed before auxiliary dam 45, in height
The abundant energy dissipating of progress can not have been flowed to lower sluicing by falling in bank type stilling pond 4 should fall height bank type stilling pond in this condition
Water body rapid drainage in 4, avoiding normally sluicing to dam because water level is excessively high has an impact, and water level at this time reaches the second water level biography
The hydraulic pressure force threshold that sensor 48 is set, the second water level sensor 48 pass the analog signal for characterizing water level information by special circuit
It is handed to intelligent control unit 5, intelligent control unit 5 controls the second gate 46 and closes, and it is fast to fall water body in bank type stilling pond 4 convenient for height
Speed downstream drain by river 6；
8. execute the 6.~7. walk during, the first water level sensor 47 and the second water level sensor 48 will characterize water level
The analog signal of information is transferred to intelligent control unit 5 by special circuit, and intelligent control unit 5 controls the first gate 44 and the
Two gates 46 execute the process of corresponding opening and closing operation, are to receive via intelligent signal conditioner 51, and by A/D signal adapter
The analog signal that the first water level sensor 47 and the second water level sensor 48 issue is converted digital data transmission by 52 to be controlled to PLC
Device 53 processed, PLC controller 53 export result and pass through D/A signal adapter according to established function model output pulse signal
54, which are converted into analog signal, controls the first gate 44 and the second gate 46 and executes corresponding opening and closing operation；
According to above-mentioned corresponding steps, that is, the effect of energy dissipation of the lower stream that sluices of high speed can be improved.
The present invention significantly improves energy dissipating effect by choosing stream collision energy dissipating, turbulent fluctuation shearing and turbulent fluctuation diffusion and submerged hydraulic jump
Fruit mitigates the lower stream that sluices of high speed and washes away to underwater bed；Meanwhile stilling pond length shortens, shield that no setting is required for stilling pond bottom
It is smooth, reduce construction work amount, reduces project cost.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, all to utilize this hair
Equivalent structure or equivalent flow shift made by bright specification and accompanying drawing content is applied directly or indirectly in other relevant skills
Art field, is included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of differential type High-low Bucket Energy Dissipation Building-height falls bank type stilling pond system, which is characterized in that mainly include differential type
High-low Bucket Energy Dissipation Building, height fall bank type stilling pond, intelligent control unit；
The differential type High-low Bucket Energy Dissipation Building, which is located at below discharge orifice, lets out rooved face, mainly include the tall bank of differential type,
Differential type is low to choose bank；The tall bank of differential type, which is located at, lets out slot middle and lower part, and upper surface, left and right side are equipped with stomata, and differential type is low
It chooses bank and is equipped with stomata positioned at slot tail, upper surface is let out；Rooved face is let out with tooth-slot in the tall bank of differential type bank edge of choosing low with differential type
Alternate mode is arranged；The tall bank of differential type is low with differential type, and to choose bank include multiple teeth and slot, tooth and the laterally consecutive arrangement of slot,
The tooth is with the defrlector bucket for choosing angle, and tooth is projected as trapezoidal let out rooved face, and the slot is to let out slot at left and right sides of tooth
Surface region is letting out rooved face along water (flow) direction, the tooth and the slot tooth for choosing bank low with differential type of the tall bank of differential type and
Slot distinguishes interlaced arrangement；
The height, which falls bank type stilling pond and is located at, lets out the rear portion of slot, it is main include be distributed from front to back fall bank, Er Daoba, auxiliary dam,
End sill falls bank and is connected with slot tail is let out, and end sill is connected with downstream river course；Two dam crest portions are equipped with the first gate, auxiliary dam top
Second gate is installed, falls the height between bis- dam Kan Yu and falls the first level sensor is installed in side wall on the left of bank type stilling pond
Device, the height between two dams and auxiliary dam, which falls, is equipped with the second water level sensor in side wall on the left of bank type stilling pond；Two dam
Height be higher than auxiliary dam height, second gate rises completely after height higher than two height of dam degree, the height of the auxiliary dam
Higher than the height of end sill, the height after first gate rises completely is lower than the height for falling bank；
The intelligent control unit mainly include the intelligent signal conditioner being sequentially connected, A/D signal adapter, PLC controller,
D/A signal adapter, the first water level sensor, the second water level sensor are connected with the input terminal of intelligent signal conditioner, D/A
The output end of signal adapter is connected with the first gate, the second gate.
2. differential type High-low Bucket Energy Dissipation Building-height according to claim 1 falls bank type stilling pond system, feature exists
In the tall bank of the differential type and the low upper surface for choosing bank of differential type are equipped with the stomata along water (flow) direction, and differential type is high
It chooses and is equipped in the middle part of bank left and right side perpendicular to the stomata for letting out rooved face.
3. differential type High-low Bucket Energy Dissipation Building-height according to claim 1 falls bank type stilling pond system, feature exists
In the ratio of distances constant that the tall bank distance of differential type lets out the distance in groove top portion and distance lets out slot tail is 3:2.
4. differential type High-low Bucket Energy Dissipation Building-height according to claim 1 falls bank type stilling pond system, feature exists
In two dam is located at height and falls in the middle part of bank type stilling pond, and the auxiliary dam is between two dams and end sill, auxiliary dam to two dams
Distance and auxiliary dam to end sill ratio of distances constant be 3:1.
5. differential type High-low Bucket Energy Dissipation Building-height according to claim 1 falls bank type stilling pond system, feature exists
In first water level sensor is mounted on the central location fallen between bis- dam Kan Yu, and the installation of the first water level sensor is high
Degree is higher than the height on two dams, and second water level sensor is mounted on the central location between two dams and auxiliary dam, the second water
The mounting height of level sensor is higher than the height of auxiliary dam.
6. differential type High-low Bucket Energy Dissipation Building-height falls bank type stilling pond system, feature according to claim 1 or 5
It is, first water level sensor and the second water level sensor are provided with different hydraulic pressure force thresholds.
7. differential type High-low Bucket Energy Dissipation Building-height according to claim 1 falls bank type stilling pond system, feature exists
In the end sill is ramp structure.
8. fall the energy dissipating method of bank type stilling pond system based on differential type High-low Bucket Energy Dissipation Building-height described in claim 1,
It is characterized in that,
The differential type High-low Bucket Energy Dissipation Building is realized to being longitudinally separated of the lower stream that sluices, extending transversely and midair collision disappears
Energy；
The height is fallen bank type stilling pond and accepts the overflow entered in the form of oblique impact jet flow, and jet stream mainstream falls bank type in height and disappears power
Pond generates the mixing pattern of submerged jets and submerged hydraulic jump, and energy substantially dissipates；
The intelligent control unit is controlled by the working condition that the signal of analysis water level sensor falls bank type stilling pond to height
System.
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| CN108842734A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2018-11-20 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Band blocks water the stilling pond or cushion pool of pier |
| CN109385987A (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2019-02-26 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Surface spillways structure for hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering |
| CN109629535A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-04-16 | 中水淮河规划设计研究有限公司 | A kind of combined energy dissipater |
| CN112281769B (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2022-04-12 | 珠江水利委员会珠江水利科学研究院 | Energy dissipation structure suitable for abrupt slope drop |
| CN112281770B (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2022-01-25 | 武汉大学 | Flood discharge structure adopting bottom hole and surface hole combined flood discharge and energy dissipation |
| CN113255046B (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2022-09-20 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Debris flow sand dam apron design method and application |
| CN116122237B (en) * | 2023-01-12 | 2023-08-18 | 珠江水利委员会珠江水利科学研究院 | Flow state adjustment system suitable for power plant circulating water runner |
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| CN104404926B (en) * | 2014-10-08 | 2016-07-27 | 四川大学 | Dam facing chooses the overfall dam of bank shunting energy dissipating |
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| CN107022987B (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2023-12-22 | 福建省水利水电勘测设计研究院有限公司 | High dam overflow surface jet control structure |
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