CN108079097A - 一种预防空气污染的中药组合物及其应用 - Google Patents

一种预防空气污染的中药组合物及其应用 Download PDF

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CN108079097A
CN108079097A CN201711367774.8A CN201711367774A CN108079097A CN 108079097 A CN108079097 A CN 108079097A CN 201711367774 A CN201711367774 A CN 201711367774A CN 108079097 A CN108079097 A CN 108079097A
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chinese medicine
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王宏
杨廷忠
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Sinan County Peoples Hospital Of Traditional Chinese Medicine
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Sinan County Peoples Hospital Of Traditional Chinese Medicine
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种预防和治疗空气污染的中药组合物及其应用，涉及预防保健技术领域；本发明中药组合物包括柴胡、川芎、前胡、甘草、人参、桔梗、羌活、独活、茯苓、枳壳和黄芪；具有益气解表、散风祛湿、抗菌、抗病毒、解热镇痛的作用，可用于制备成创面敷料、婴儿尿布、卫生巾、口罩等多种防护产品，可预防多种口、鼻、呼吸系统疾病及并发症，婴儿尿不湿疹、红臀，妇科炎症、外伤创面抑菌消炎；能有效过滤空气中的粉尘、花粉等过敏原及有害物质，抗菌、抑菌，形成抗衡外邪的屏障；对口、鼻、呼吸系统、生殖系统、创伤面标本兼治，治疗和预防保健并行，且作用迅速、药效持久、疗效明显、无过敏、无毒副作用。

Description

一种预防空气污染的中药组合物及其应用
技术领域
本发明涉及预防保健技术领域，尤其是一种预防和治疗空气污染的中药组合物及其应用。
背景技术
随着环境污染的日益严重，雾霾天气的日趋严重，人类每年约有近200万的过早死亡病例与空气污染有关，《美国国家科学院院刊》也发表了研究报告，报告中称，人类的平均寿命因为空气污染很可能已经缩短了5年半。2013年10月17日，世界卫生组织下属国际癌症研究机构发布报告，首次指认大气污染对人类致癌，并视其为普遍和主要的环境致癌物。人们长期暴露在空气中的悬浮颗粒物中易造成人体机体抵抗力下降，引发呼吸道疾病、肺癌以及过敏性鼻炎。
目前新出现的流感病毒呈现变异快，传播快的特点，而随着全世界人口的流动性越来越大，其传播速度越来越迅速。常规中西药物对病毒难以奏效，而普通口罩纤维疏松，孔径大，只能防大颗粒的尘埃，防护病毒几乎无效。例如市场上销售的N95、N97等型号口罩能最大程度地阻挡小颗粒尘埃，但不能有效阻止只有0.1微米的病毒颗粒。另外，带有活性碳的口罩能很好的吸附有害气体，但很难吸附病毒。
CN 200680000645.9公开了一种具有抗菌抗病毒活性的功能性纳米材料，其采用的是金属氧化物Ag+和Cu2+和非金属氧化物TiO2、ZnO、SiO2的纳米材料，制作程序比较复杂，并且该材料不仅抗菌性能比较弱，而其抗病毒实际性能更加有限。
CN 200680012368公开了一种抗微生物和抗病毒聚合物母粒，其采用的抗菌抗病毒成分为离子氧化铜的不溶性颗粒，该颗粒带有铜离子特有的颜色，不适合做织物整理剂。
CN 200710037435公开了一种具有抗菌功能的多糖类纳米材料及其制备方法和应用，公开了由多糖类，包括壳聚糖纳米材料在内的负载铜离子制成多糖类纳米材料具有抗菌抗病毒的作用，该物质的抗菌作用明显，但抗病毒效果并不理想。
中医防治呼吸道感染颇具特色。同样是感冒，病种不一，就会产生不同的症状，而选用与之相应的中药，就会收到预期的疗效。以畏寒、肢体酸痛、流清涕、痰稀薄，表现为风寒感冒者，可用午时茶、风寒感冒冲剂、川芎茶调散，也可用生姜、红糖汤，简单有效。以发热、口干、黄涕、咽痛、痰稠黄、苔薄黄，表现为风热感冒者，常用双黄连口服液、感冒退热冲剂、银翘解毒片、抗病毒口服液、VC银翘片等，疗效明显；也常用板蓝根、柴胡、贯众、虎杖、金银花、连乔、菊花等单味药煎汁服用，疏风清热解毒，抗病菌，缓解感冒症状，预防感冒并发症。
在防治呼吸道感染方面，中医十分重视人体抵抗力对病原体的作用，对于体弱、慢性支气管炎、肿瘤、心脑党血管疾患等免疫功能减退，抗病能力差，易患上呼吸道感染的病人，可以采用“扶正祛邪”的法则，运用一些补气血、益肝肾、止阴阳的药物，如黄芪、党参、杞子、首乌、当归、熟地、吐丝子等，同时兼用一些清热解毒、祛风散寒的药物，以标本兼治，补本除邪。平时，这些病人还可服用玉屏风散、施普瑞、补中益气丸、六味地黄丸等补益中成药，以强身健体。儿童因多表现为阴虚体质，一般以太子参、茯苓、麦冬为主，益气养阴，再配合菊花、桑叶、茅根等，清热除邪。
本发明的目的是克服已知技术产品的不足，提供一种对口、鼻、呼吸系统疾病及并发症等具有综合治本、标本兼治，治疗和预防保健并行作用的中药组合物及其应用，尤其是应用于口罩方面，既可以有效的阻止颗粒物、粉尘、进入呼吸系统，又具有扶正祛邪、增强免疫、芳香避秽、宣肺平喘、通鼻利窍、消炎灭菌、解毒醒脑、增强记忆、祛病强身等功效，且制作简单、药效持久、效果明显。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术中存在的上述技术问题，本发明提供一种预防和治疗空气污染的中药组合物及其应用，该组合物具有益气解表、散风祛湿、扶正祛邪、增强免疫、芳香避秽、宣肺平喘、通鼻利窍、消炎灭菌、解毒醒脑、增强记忆、祛病强身等作用，可广泛应用于创面敷料、婴儿尿布、卫生巾、口罩等防护产品。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：
一种预防和治疗空气污染的中药组合物，包括重量份计的以下组分：
柴胡20～40份
川芎14～26份
前胡14～26份
甘草8～16份
人参20～40份
桔梗14～26份
羌活14～26份
独活14～26份
茯苓14～26份
枳壳14～26份
黄芪20～40份
优选地，一种预防和治疗空气污染的中药组合物，包括重量份计的以下组分：
柴胡25～35份
川芎17～23份
前胡17～23份
甘草10～14份
人参25～35份
桔梗17～23份
羌活17～23份
独活17～23份
茯苓17～23份
枳壳17～23份
黄芪25～35份
更为优选地，一种预防和治疗空气污染的中药组合物，包括重量份计的以下组分：
柴胡30份
川芎20份
前胡20份
甘草12份
人参30份
桔梗20份
羌活20份
独活20份
茯苓20份
枳壳20份
黄芪30份
所述的中药组合物广泛应用于创面敷料、婴儿尿布、卫生巾、口罩等防护产品，所述的防护产品能够循环多次使用利于环保，并且有效滤除空气中的悬浮颗粒物、能有效抵抗细菌。
一种预防和治疗空气污染的中药组合物应用制作成口罩的方法是：
(1)、将各组合中药混合后一般性粉碎成混合药碎屑，碎屑直径以大部于0.1～1.0毫米之间；
(2)、取部分混合药碎屑填装入一小布袋，小布袋长、宽、厚约为4厘米×4厘米×0.5厘米，填装入量为布袋容积的60％，将小布袋口缝制封口；
(3)、将小布袋放进温开水中浸泡20秒钟后取出，布袋内部药物刚好泡发胀满小布袋；
(4)、将小布袋摊平后镶入一般医用纱布口罩内成为药包口罩，患者可将药口罩戴于口鼻前，让呼吸作用将药气味吸入肺内。
一种预防和治疗空气污染的中药组合物应用制作成口罩的方法是：
(1)将组合中各中药混合后，加水煎煮两次，每次的加水质量依次为原料的8～10倍、5～8倍，用武火先煎，煮沸后改用文火再煎煮10～90min，滤除药渣，得滤液，滤液浓缩，浓缩至原料质量的1～2倍；
(2)将无菌口罩放入步骤(1)所得浓缩液中，浸泡煎煮10～60min；
(3)拧水烘干，灭菌密封保存，即得药渍口罩。
所述口罩由口罩面体和拉紧带组成，其中口罩面体分为内、中、外三层，内层为亲肤材质，中层为隔离过滤层，外层为抑菌层。
所述的亲肤材质为棉、麻、蚕丝、锦纶、涤纶、腈纶、维纶、氯纶、丙纶、乙纶、混纺或无纺布。
所述的隔离过滤层材质为棉、麻、蚕丝、锦纶、涤纶、腈纶、维纶、氯纶、丙纶、乙纶、混纺或无纺布。
所述的抑菌层为有机硅季铵盐织物、壳聚糖季铵盐织物或纳米银织物。
所述的口罩疏水透气性强，对微小带病毒气溶胶或有害微尘的过滤效果显著；所用材料无毒无害，佩带舒适，轻便，无味，不含玻纤，对皮肤无刺激性，防水。柔软舒适的可调节鼻梁夹；呼吸阻力较小，佩带卫生：将气溶胶、粉尘、熏烟、雾滴、毒气和毒蒸气等经滤料吸附，阻挡而不被人所吸入。
本发明中药组分筛选，依据和挖掘祖国医学的传统理论。
其一是，“正气内存、邪不可干”，因此应选用增强人体抗病或免疫能力的药物，促进增强体质或恢复正气，抵御病菌病毒地入侵。
其二是，“外治之理即内治之理，外治之药亦即内治之药，所异者，法耳。医理药性无二，而法则神奇变幻”。又有“肺为五脏六腑之华盖”之说，因此本发明虽为外治之药，但运用的是内治之理，施药于外，起效于内，有针对性的通过口、鼻、呼吸系统的吸闻或生殖道或或肛门或溃烂组织粘膜吸收，传导至大脑中枢神经和经络，而调治全身和增强体质。
其三是，根据祖国医学阴阳气血、表里、寒热虚实、脏腑辩证、异病同治、有病治病、无病先防的治疗保健原则，因此药物组分筛选不仅立足于治，也立足于保健预防。
其四是，筛选药物依据还在于“皮肤透入、经络传导、粘膜吸收”，“切于皮肤、切于肉理、摄于透气、融于渗液、外治之学与内治之学并行，并能补内治之不及”。药物气味也称气体中的药物有效成份经口、鼻、呼吸道直达病变部位，或经粘膜吸收、或皮肤透入经孔窍、腧穴、经络刺激传导神经中枢及全身，扩大了本发明的综合治疗和保健范围，且作用迅速、效果显著。
其五是，运用中医药四气五味、归经等药性药理筛选每味中药：方中羌活、独活善祛一身风湿之邪；解表止痛；柴胡、薄荷、川芎疏散风邪，助羌、独解表疏风；前胡、桔梗、枳壳、茯苓理气化湿祛痰；人参益气扶正；甘草调和诸药；全方在表散药中配用人参一味扶正祛邪，可鼓邪从汗而解；黄芪可增强其益气固表之功；正如吴所说："培其正气，败其邪气，故日败毒"；本发明中药组合物可应用于正气不足，感冒风寒湿邪，或疮疡、痢疾初起，或抗菌抗病毒，或解热，或镇痛，或护肝等用途，具有益气解表、散风祛湿、扶正祛邪、增强免疫、芳香避秽、宣肺平喘、通鼻利窍、消炎灭菌、解毒醒脑、增强记忆、祛病强身等作用。
本发明的有益效果：
本发明中药组合物具有益气解表、散风祛湿、抗菌、抗病毒、解热镇痛的作用，可用于制备成创面敷料、婴儿尿布、卫生巾、口罩等多种防护产品，可预防和治疗伤风感冒、急馒性咽炎、急馒性鼻炎、扁桃腺炎、急馒性支气管炎、支气管扩张、哮喘咳嗽、肺气肿、矽肺病、肺心病、冠心病、口腔炎、牙龈炎、等多种口、鼻、呼吸系统疾病及并发症；可预防婴儿尿不湿疹，红臀，妇科炎症、外伤创面抑菌消炎等；能有效过滤空气中的粉尘、花粉等过敏原及有害物质，抗菌、抑菌，形成抗衡外邪的屏障；对口、鼻、呼吸系统、生殖系统、创伤面标本兼治，治疗和预防保健并行，且作用迅速、药效持久、疗效明显、无过敏、无毒副作用。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体的实施方式来对本发明的技术方案做进一步的限定，但要求保护的范围不仅局限于所作的描述。
实施例一
组合物配方：柴胡30g、川芎20g、前胡20g、甘草12g、人参30g、桔梗20g、羌活20g、独活20g、茯苓20g、枳壳20g、黄芪30g.
制作成药包口罩的制作步骤如下：
(1)、将各组合中药混合后一般性粉碎成混合药碎屑，碎屑直径以大部于0.1～1.0毫米之间；
(2)、取部分混合药碎屑填装入一小布袋，小布袋长、宽、厚约为4厘米×4厘米×0.5厘米，填装入量为布袋容积的60％，将小布袋口缝制封口；
(3)、将小布袋放进温开水中浸泡20秒钟后取出，布袋内部药物刚好泡发胀满小布袋；
(4)、将小布袋摊平后镶入一般医用纱布口罩内成为药包口罩，患者可将药包口罩戴于口鼻前，让呼吸作用将药气味吸入肺内。
实施例二
参照实施例一的制作方法制备药包口罩，其不同之处在于组合物配方更改为：柴胡40g、川芎26g、前胡26g、甘草16g、人参40g、桔梗26g、羌活26g、独活26g、茯苓26g、枳壳26g、黄芪40g。
实施例三
参照实施例一的制作方法制备药包口罩，其不同之处在于组合物配方更改为：柴胡20g、川芎14g、前胡14g、甘草8g、人参20g、桔梗14g、羌活14g、独活14g、茯苓14g、枳壳14g、黄芪20g.
实施例四
组合物配方：柴胡30g、川芎20g、前胡20g、甘草12g、人参30g、桔梗20g、羌活20g、独活20g、茯苓20g、枳壳20g、黄芪30g.
制作成药渍口罩的制作步骤如下：
(1)将组合中各中药混合后，加水煎煮两次，每次的加水质量依次为原料的8～10倍、5～8倍，用武火先煎，煮沸后改用文火再煎煮10～90min，滤除药渣，得滤液，滤液浓缩，浓缩至原料质量的1～2倍；
(2)将无菌口罩放入步骤(1)所得浓缩液中，浸泡煎煮10～60min；
(3)拧水烘干，灭菌密封保存。
所述口罩的亲肤材质为棉、麻、蚕丝、锦纶、涤纶、腈纶、维纶、氯纶、丙纶、乙纶、混纺或无纺布中的一种；
隔离过滤层材质为棉、麻、蚕丝、锦纶、涤纶、腈纶、维纶、氯纶、丙纶、乙纶、混纺或无纺布中的一种。
抑菌层为有机硅季铵盐织物、壳聚糖季铵盐织物或纳米银织物中的一种。
实施例五
参照实施例四的制作方法制备药渍口罩，其不同之处在于组合物配方更改为：柴胡40g、川芎14g、前胡26g、甘草8g、人参40g、桔梗14g、羌活26g、独活14g、茯苓26g、枳壳14g、黄芪40g。
实施例六
参照实施例四的制作方法制备药渍口罩，其不同之处在于组合物配方更改为：柴胡20g、川芎26g、前胡14g、甘草16g、人参20g、桔梗26g、羌活14g、独活26g、茯苓14g、枳壳26g、黄芪20g。
实施例七
组合物配方为：柴胡40g、川芎26g、前胡26g、甘草16g、人参40g、桔梗26g、羌活26g、独活26g、茯苓26g、枳壳26g、黄芪40g。
将上述药物制备成药芯片，作为创可贴敷面层，再参照常规方法制备创可贴。
实施例八
组合物配方为：柴胡40g、川芎26g、前胡26g、甘草16g、人参40g、桔梗26g、羌活26g、独活26g、茯苓26g、枳壳26g、黄芪40g。
将上述药物制备成药芯片，作为尿片药芯层，再参照常规方法制备婴儿尿片。
实施例九
组合物配方为：柴胡40g、川芎26g、前胡26g、甘草16g、人参40g、桔梗26g、羌活26g、独活26g、茯苓26g、枳壳26g、黄芪40g。
将上述药物制备成药芯片，作为卫生巾药芯层，再参照常规方法制备卫生巾。
试验例
试验1皮肤刺激性试验
使用本发明实施例一至实施例六制备的药包口罩和药渍口罩，按照卫生部消毒技术规范(2002年版)2.3.3规定的试验方法进行，试验动物为2.0～2.5kg新西兰白兔，试验结果表明无刺激性，其试验结果列于表1中。
试验2急性经口毒性试验
使用本发明实施例一至实施例六制备的药包口罩和药渍口罩，按照标准ISO10993-11：2006规定的试验方法进行，试验动物为180～220g的大鼠，其试验结果列于下表1中。
表1安全性能测试结果
试验3抗菌效果评价试验
按照GB15979-2002《一次性使用卫生标准》附录C4方法对处理后的样品进行测试，其试验结果列于表2中。
表2抗菌试验结果
从表2可知，本发明实施例八所制备的婴儿尿片与大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌接触2min时，可将其99％细菌杀死；本发明实施例九所制备的卫生巾与金黄色葡萄球菌、白色念珠菌接触2min时，可将其99％细菌杀死，因此本发明中药组合物表现出了非常强的抑菌杀菌效果。
试验4抗病毒试验
使用本发明实施例四制备的药渍口罩与空白无药物浸渍的口罩做对比，根据WHO推荐的流感病毒检测方法(细胞培养病毒感染+酶联免疫检测技术)对作用后存活的病毒半数感染剂量进行检测，以确定不同处理的样品与病毒作用不同时间后的杀灭和抑制病毒效果。试验结果见表3。
表3抗病毒试验结果
由表3可以看出，本发明与病毒作用即时(＜5秒)即可杀灭或抑制病毒，而空白对照组与病毒悬液作用30分钟后仍有TCID50为5个log值病毒的存活。说明本发明口罩与病毒作用后有明显的杀灭和抑制病毒的作用。
试验5临床应用
患者,林某,女,45岁,反复哮踹,每年在春季花开时发作,其他季节偶有发作,每次发作均病情严重,呼吸困难,张口抬肩,每次发作均要住院治疗才能缓解；今年初春日常使用本发明药渍口罩，症状明显减轻，未出现哮喘发作症状。

Claims (10)

1.一种预防和治疗空气污染的中药组合物，其特征在于，包括重量份计的以下组分：
柴胡20～40份
川芎14～26份
前胡14～26份
甘草8～16份
人参20～40份
桔梗14～26份
羌活14～26份
独活14～26份
茯苓14～26份
枳壳14～26份
黄芪20～40份。
2.如权利要求1所述的预防和治疗空气污染的中药组合物，其特征在于，包括重量份计的以下组分：
柴胡25～35份
川芎17～23份
前胡17～23份
甘草10～14份
人参25～35份
桔梗17～23份
羌活17～23份
独活17～23份
茯苓17～23份
枳壳17～23份
黄芪25～35份。
3.如权利要求1所述的预防和治疗空气污染的中药组合物，其特征在于，包括重量份计的以下组分：
柴胡30份
川芎20份
前胡20份
甘草12份
人参30份
桔梗20份
羌活20份
独活20份
茯苓20份
枳壳20份
黄芪30份。
4.如权利要求1～3所述的预防和治疗空气污染的中药组合物，其特征在于，所述的中药组合物广泛应用于创面敷料、婴儿尿布、卫生巾、口罩。
5.一种预防和治疗空气污染的中药组合物应用于口罩的制作方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)、将各组合中药混合后一般性粉碎成混合药碎屑，碎屑直径以大部于0.1～1.0毫米之间；
(2)、取部分混合药碎屑填装入一小布袋，小布袋长、宽、厚约为4厘米×4厘米×0.5厘米，填装入量为布袋容积的60％，将小布袋口缝制封口；
(3)、将小布袋放进温开水中浸泡20秒钟后取出，布袋内部药物刚好泡发胀满小布袋；
(4)、将小布袋摊平后镶入一般医用纱布口罩内，即得药包口罩。
6.一种预防和治疗空气污染的中药组合物应用于口罩的制作方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)将组合中各中药混合后，加水煎煮两次，每次的加水质量依次为原料的8～10倍、5～8倍，用武火先煎，煮沸后改用文火再煎煮10～90min，滤除药渣，得滤液，滤液浓缩，浓缩至原料质量的1～2倍；
(2)将无菌口罩放入步骤(1)所得浓缩液中，浸泡煎煮10～60min；
(3)拧水烘干，灭菌密封保存，即得药渍口罩。
7.如权利要求6所述的制作方法，其特征在于，所述口罩由口罩面体和拉紧带组成，其中口罩面体分为内、中、外三层，内层为亲肤材质，中层为隔离过滤层，外层为抑菌层。
8.如权利要求7所述的制作方法，其特征在于，所述口罩的的亲肤材质为棉、麻、蚕丝、锦纶、涤纶、腈纶、维纶、氯纶、丙纶、乙纶、混纺或无纺布。
9.如权利要求7所述的制作方法，其特征在于，所述口罩的隔离过滤层材质为棉、麻、蚕丝、锦纶、涤纶、腈纶、维纶、氯纶、丙纶、乙纶、混纺或无纺布。
10.如权利要求7所述的制作方法，其特征在于，所述口罩的抑菌层为有机硅季铵盐织物、壳聚糖季铵盐织物或纳米银织物。
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