CN108054921A - 一种复合储能系统交错并联双向dc-dc变换器 - Google Patents

一种复合储能系统交错并联双向dc-dc变换器 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108054921A
CN108054921A CN201810005510.6A CN201810005510A CN108054921A CN 108054921 A CN108054921 A CN 108054921A CN 201810005510 A CN201810005510 A CN 201810005510A CN 108054921 A CN108054921 A CN 108054921A
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energy storage
converter
storage system
crisscross parallel
bidirectional
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曹洪奎
石小炜
沈阳
蔡希彪
关维国
宁武
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Liaoning University of Technology
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Liaoning University of Technology
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H02M3/1584—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/14—Arrangements for reducing ripples from dc input or output
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
    • H05K7/2089—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating for power electronics, e.g. for inverters for controlling motor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H02M3/1584—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel
    • H02M3/1586—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel switched with a phase shift, i.e. interleaved

Abstract

本发明公开了一种复合储能系统交错并联双向DC‑DC变换器，包括2个双向DC‑DC变换器单体；每个双向DC‑DC变换器单体主要包括储能电感、输入侧滤波电容、输出侧滤波电容和功率开关管，还包括PWM发生器。该产品具有方便控制、使用方便、结构合理、散热效果好的特点，适合推广应用。

Description

一种复合储能系统交错并联双向DC-DC变换器
技术领域
本发明属于电子技术领域，具体地说，涉及一复合储能系统交错并联双向DC-DC变换器。
背景技术
由于环境污染和石油危机的双重压力，电动汽车已经逐渐成为人们生活中一种重要的绿色交通工具。电源是电动汽车的能量源泉，但目前电池技术还不能完全满足电动汽车的要求。
超级电容是一种介于电池和静电电容器之间的储能元件，具有比静电电容器高得多的能量密度和比电池高得多的功率密度，不仅适合于作短时间的功率输出源，而且还可利用它比功率高、比能量大、一次储能多等优点，在电动汽车启动、加速和爬坡时有效地改善运动特性。此外，超级电容还具有内阻小，充放电效率高(90％以上)、循环寿命长(几万至十万次)、无污染等独特的优点，和其他能量元件(发动机、蓄电池、燃料电池等)组成联合体共同工作，是实现能量回收利用、降低污染的有效途径，可以大大提高电动汽车一次充电的续驶里程。因此，超级电容在电动汽车领域有着广阔的应用前景，将是未来电动汽车发展的重要方向之一。
由于超级电容的优越性能和近年来对超级电容开发能力的提高，因此超级电容在工业领域中得到了广泛应用。目前，世界各国争相研究、并越来越多地将其应用到电动汽车上。超级电容已经成为电动汽车电源发展的新趋势，而超级电容与蓄电池组成的复合电源系统被认为是解决未来电动汽车动力问题的最佳途径之一。
超级电容与蓄电池、燃料电池等配合可以组成复合电源系统，但燃料电池因为成本较高，现在还不能得到实际应用。因此，国内外对超级电容一蓄电池复合电源系统的研究更多，但由于没有DC-DC变换器，蓄电池和超级电容将具有相同的电压，以致超级电容仅在蓄电池电压发生快速变化时输出和接收功率，从而减弱了超级电容的负载均衡作用。双向DC-DC跟踪检测蓄电池的端电压，以调控超级电容的端电压使两者匹配工作。
现有技术中的交错并联双向DC-DC变换器如图1所示，在一些输入输出电压变换比大的场合，开关管需要工作在极端占空比状态，不利于变换器效率的提高，且限制了开关管工作频率的提升。并且变换器在具体应用中控制不便。
目前，现有技术中急需一种方便控制、使用方便的复合储能系统交错并联双向DC-DC变换器。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术中存在的缺陷，本发明提供一种复合储能系统交错并联双向DC-DC变换器，该产品具有方便控制、结构合理、散热效果好的特点，适合推广应用。
其技术方案如下：
一种复合储能系统交错并联双向DC-DC变换器，包括2个双向DC-DC变换器单体；每个双向DC-DC变换器单体主要包括储能电感、输入侧滤波电容、输出侧滤波电容和功率开关管，还包括PWM发生器。
进一步，所述PWM发生器和PID控制器连接。
进一步，还包括信号调理电路和DSP。
进一步，所述功率开关管采用MOSFET作为开关器件。
进一步，还包括散热器。
本发明的有益效果：
本发明的复合储能系统交错并联双向DC-DC变换器采用PID控制器，可以方便控制，每个双向DC-DC变换器单体增加了一个PWM发生器，当某个双向DC-DC变换器单体出现故障时，仍可继续工作，使用方便；本发明还设有散热器，散热效果好；总之，本发明的技术方案具该产品具有方便控制、使用方便、结构合理、散热效果好的特点，适合推广应用。
附图说明
图1为现有技术中的复合储能系统交错并联双向DC-DC变换器的结构示意图；
图2为本发明的复合储能系统交错并联双向DC-DC变换器的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明的技术方案作进一步详细地说明。
参照图2，一种复合储能系统交错并联双向DC-DC变换器，包括2个双向DC-DC变换器单体；每个双向DC-DC变换器单体主要包括储能电感、输入侧滤波电容、输出侧滤波电容和功率开关管，还包括PWM发生器。
所述PWM发生器和PID控制器连接。
还包括散热器。
所述功率开关管采用MOSFET作为开关器件。
还包括信号调理电路和DSP。
本发明的复合储能系统交错并联双向DC-DC变换器采用PID控制器，采样两路电感电流、输出电流、负载电流和输入电压，经过信号调理送入DSP，在DSP内部经过一系列的运算后得到MOS管占空比信号，再经过驱动电路放大控制功率开关器件工作。
经过试验证明，使双向DC-DC变换器电流纹波在相同开关频率条件下进一步减小，且频率等效增加两倍，从而大大减小同等纹波要求下的滤波电感感值和电容容值，提高了系统的功率密度。将模糊PID技术应用于交错并联双向DC-DC变换器的输出电压、电流控制中，提高了变换器的动态响应和鲁棒性等性能。通过交错并联技术降低双向DC-DC变换器中总电流纹波的幅值，达到总电流纹波率小于10%的要求。利用电压外环模糊PID控制提高双向DC-DC变换器具有动态响应能力，负载的值增加变换器能在10ms的时间内再次稳定输出电压，而且负载突变时电压变化的幅值较小于10%。达到电动汽车对蓄电池-超级电容器复合储能系统的要求。
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，本发明的保护范围不限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明披露的技术范围内，可显而易见地得到的技术方案的简单变化或等效替换均落入本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (5)

1.一种复合储能系统交错并联双向DC-DC变换器，其特征在于，包括2个双向DC-DC变换器单体；每个双向DC-DC变换器单体主要包括储能电感、输入侧滤波电容、输出侧滤波电容和功率开关管，还包括PWM发生器。
2.根据权利要求1所述的复合储能系统交错并联双向DC-DC变换器，其特征在于，所述PWM发生器和PID控制器连接。
3.根据权利要求1所述的复合储能系统交错并联双向DC-DC变换器，其特征在于，还包括信号调理电路和DSP。
4.根据权利要求1所述的复合储能系统交错并联双向DC-DC变换器，其特征在于，所述功率开关管采用MOSFET作为开关器件。
5.根据权利要求1所述的复合储能系统交错并联双向DC-DC变换器，其特征在于，还包括散热器。
CN201810005510.6A 2018-01-03 2018-01-03 一种复合储能系统交错并联双向dc-dc变换器 Pending CN108054921A (zh)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN204567345U (zh) * 2015-05-07 2015-08-19 哈尔滨理工大学 一种电动汽车复合电源控制系统
CN104917371A (zh) * 2014-03-13 2015-09-16 浙江迈雷科技有限公司 一种多路交错并联移相双向cuk变换器
CN105480098A (zh) * 2016-01-19 2016-04-13 重庆邮电大学 一种电动汽车制动能量回收系统
CN105790578A (zh) * 2014-12-22 2016-07-20 中兴通讯股份有限公司 一种并联交错buck变换器及控制方法

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104917371A (zh) * 2014-03-13 2015-09-16 浙江迈雷科技有限公司 一种多路交错并联移相双向cuk变换器
CN105790578A (zh) * 2014-12-22 2016-07-20 中兴通讯股份有限公司 一种并联交错buck变换器及控制方法
CN204567345U (zh) * 2015-05-07 2015-08-19 哈尔滨理工大学 一种电动汽车复合电源控制系统
CN105480098A (zh) * 2016-01-19 2016-04-13 重庆邮电大学 一种电动汽车制动能量回收系统

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