CN108054802B - Battery discharge equalization method - Google Patents
Battery discharge equalization method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108054802B CN108054802B CN201711429697.4A CN201711429697A CN108054802B CN 108054802 B CN108054802 B CN 108054802B CN 201711429697 A CN201711429697 A CN 201711429697A CN 108054802 B CN108054802 B CN 108054802B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0063—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
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Abstract
The invention discloses a battery discharge equalization method, which comprises the following steps: (1) judging a discharge requirement; (2) calculating the property of the storage battery; (3) calculating the performance of the bidirectional DC/DC converter; (4) forming a pairing relationship. According to the battery discharge balancing method provided by the invention, the automatic power balance of the battery in the discharge working process is realized by calculating the property of the storage battery and the performance of the bidirectional DC/DC converter, and the effectiveness of balance is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a battery discharge equalization method, in particular to a battery discharge equalization method which can equalize batteries without changing the structures of the existing batteries and chargers.
Background
The voltage and current of the battery are set in grades, therefore, when the required power quality cannot be realized by 1 battery, a plurality of batteries are connected in series, parallel or series-parallel to provide larger voltage and current, and at this time, the connected batteries are used as a whole to realize the charging and discharging processes simultaneously. However, since the batteries themselves cannot be identical in terms of the process, the batteries are unbalanced after being charged and discharged for many times, and thus, circulation current occurs among the batteries, which affects the service life of the batteries.
The existing equalizing devices are all arranged in a specific mode, namely, no method is available for realizing equalization directly on the structures of the existing batteries and chargers through simple structural improvement, and the whole set of equipment needs to be replaced, so that the use cost is greatly improved; and the existing equalizing devices are used for further discharging the battery, such as discharging the battery to a resistor and a capacitor, and further charging the battery, however, in the case that the battery is frequently used, the equalizing method is extremely disadvantageous because there is not enough time for additional charging and discharging of the battery.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a battery discharge balancing method, which achieves automatic power balance of a battery during a discharge operation process by calculating battery properties and bidirectional DC/DC converter performance, and ensures the effectiveness of balance.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a battery discharge equalization method, which is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
(1) judging a discharge requirement;
(2) calculating the property of the storage battery;
(3) calculating the performance of the bidirectional DC/DC converter;
(4) forming a pairing relationship.
The battery discharge equalization method further meets the following conditions: the step (1) specifically comprises the following steps:
the load identification circuit detects whether a load requiring power supply exists or not, and sends a detection result to the controller, the controller judges whether to implement the step (2) or the step (3) according to the detection result, if the detection result shows that the load requiring power supply does not exist, the step (2) is implemented, and if the detection result shows that the load requiring power supply exists, the step (3) is skipped.
The battery discharge equalization method further meets the following conditions: the step (2) specifically comprises the following steps:
the controller detects whether the whole of the N storage battery modules connected in series has input current, and if not, controls a storage battery voltage detection device to be connected with the positive and negative battery connecting terminals of the storage battery module body in each storage battery module in sequence so as to detect the voltage V of the storage battery body in each storage battery moduleiThe controller is controlled according to the voltage V of the storage battery bodyiSequencing the N storage battery modules from high to low to form a storage battery sequence; and (4) returning to the step (1).
The battery discharge equalization method further meets the following conditions: the step (3) specifically comprises the following steps:
the controller simultaneously sends out a trigger signal and a starting zero clearing signal, wherein the trigger signal is used for controlling movable contacts of all the single-pole N-throw switches to be closed on 1 fixed contact of the single-pole N-throw switches so as to enable the N storage battery modules to be correspondingly connected with the N bidirectional DC/DC modules one by one according to a preset mode, namely, a positive battery connecting terminal and a negative battery connecting terminal of each storage battery body are respectively connected with a positive input terminal and a negative input terminal of a bidirectional DC/DC module body in one bidirectional DC/DC module through two single-pole N-throw switches, and electric power is transmitted to the bidirectional DC/DC module body from the storage battery body through the single-pole N-throw switches; the starting zero clearing signal is used for controlling each time delay timer connected with the output side of each bidirectional DC/DC module body in the N time delay timers to start zero clearing and start timing, the bidirectional DC/DC module body has response time, namely time difference exists between the input of electric power from one side of the bidirectional DC/DC module body and the output of the electric power from the other side of the bidirectional DC/DC module body, and the time delay timer connected with the output side of the bidirectional DC/DC module body does not count again when the voltage exists at the output side of the bidirectional DC/DC module body and is unchanged within a preset time range, so that a timing value T representing the working time delay of the N bidirectional DC/DC modules is obtained1、T2……TN；
When a voltage exists on the output side of a bidirectional DC/DC module body and the voltage is not changed within a preset time range, the controller firstly controls one of the N voltage detectors and the current detector corresponding to the bidirectional DC/DC module to measure the voltage and the current of the input side of the bidirectional DC/DC module body respectively and calculate the input power according to the voltage and the current, that is, the input power is the product of the voltage and the current, then the voltage detector and the current detector are controlled to respectively measure the voltage and the current of the output side of the bidirectional DC/DC module body, and the output power is calculated according to the voltage and the current, namely, the output power is the product of the voltage and the current, and the controller further calculates the ratio of the output power to the input power to obtain a conversion rate value u representing the working efficiency of the bidirectional DC/DC module.iFurther, a conversion rate value u representing the working efficiency of the N bidirectional DC/DC modules is obtained1、u2……uN；
The controller calculates an index D representing the working performance of the bidirectional DC/DC module according to the conversion rate value and the timing value, wherein the calculation formula of D is as follows: di＝-a1*ui/umax+a2*Ti/TmaxWherein a is1、a2Is a weight coefficient, i is 1, … …, N, uiIs the conversion ratio value, T, of the ith bidirectional DC/DC moduleiIs the timing value of the ith bidirectional DC/DC module, umaxIs the largest of the N slew rate values, TmaxIs the largest of the N timing values.
The battery discharge equalization method further meets the following conditions: the step (4) specifically comprises the following steps:
the controller sequences the N bidirectional DC/DC modules according to the sequence of the index D from high to low to form a bidirectional DC/DC module sequence, integrates the storage battery sequence to obtain one-to-one mapping from the storage battery sequence to the bidirectional DC/DC module sequence from front to back, determines the connection position of each single-pole N-throw switch in the switch module according to the mapping relation, and takes the connection position as a preset mode.
The battery discharge equalization method further meets the following conditions: the storage battery body is formed by connecting a plurality of storage battery monomers in parallel.
The battery discharge balancing method of the invention takes the power conversion efficiency and the response time of the converter into consideration, connects the storage battery with large voltage to the converter with long response time and low conversion efficiency, and further can consume more power of the storage battery, and connects the storage battery with small voltage to the converter with short response time and high conversion efficiency, and further can reduce the power consumption of the storage battery as much as possible, thereby realizing the balance of the power; in order to guarantee the accuracy of data, the same voltage and current detector is used for detecting the electric quantity on two sides of a converter, so that the deviation caused by different internal resistances of different detectors is avoided, and similarly, only one storage battery voltage detection device is used for sequentially detecting the voltages of all storage battery bodies.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment.
A method for equalizing discharge of a battery is characterized in that,
(1) judging the discharge requirement:
the load identification circuit detects whether a load needing power supply exists or not, and sends a detection result to the controller, the controller judges whether the step (2) or the step (3) is implemented next according to the detection result, if the detection result shows that the load needing power supply does not exist, the step (2) is implemented, and if the detection result shows that the load needing power supply exists, the step (3) is skipped;
(2) calculating the storage battery property:
the controller detects whether the whole of the N storage battery modules connected in series has input current, and if not, controls a storage battery voltage detection device to be connected with the positive and negative battery connecting terminals of the storage battery module body in each storage battery module in sequence so as to detect the voltage V of the storage battery body in each storage battery moduleiThe controller is controlled according to the voltage V of the storage battery bodyiSequencing the N storage battery modules from high to low to form a storage battery sequence; returning to the step(1)；
(3) Calculating the performance of the bidirectional DC/DC converter:
the controller simultaneously sends out a trigger signal and a starting zero clearing signal, wherein the trigger signal is used for controlling movable contacts of all the single-pole N-throw switches to be closed on 1 fixed contact of the single-pole N-throw switches so as to enable the N storage battery modules to be correspondingly connected with the N bidirectional DC/DC modules one by one according to a preset mode, namely, a positive battery connecting terminal and a negative battery connecting terminal of each storage battery body are respectively connected with a positive input terminal and a negative input terminal of a bidirectional DC/DC module body in one bidirectional DC/DC module through two single-pole N-throw switches, and electric power is transmitted to the bidirectional DC/DC module body from the storage battery body through the single-pole N-throw switches; the starting zero clearing signal is used for controlling each time delay timer connected with the output side of each bidirectional DC/DC module body in the N time delay timers to start zero clearing and start timing, the bidirectional DC/DC module body has response time, namely time difference exists between the input of electric power from one side of the bidirectional DC/DC module body and the output of the electric power from the other side of the bidirectional DC/DC module body, and the time delay timer connected with the output side of the bidirectional DC/DC module body does not count again when the voltage exists at the output side of the bidirectional DC/DC module body and is unchanged within a preset time range, so that a timing value T representing the working time delay of the N bidirectional DC/DC modules is obtained1、T2……TN；
When a voltage exists on the output side of a bidirectional DC/DC module body and the voltage is not changed within a preset time range, the controller firstly controls one of the N voltage detectors and the current detector corresponding to the bidirectional DC/DC module to measure the voltage and the current of the input side of the bidirectional DC/DC module body respectively and calculate the input power according to the voltage and the current, that is, the input power is the product of the voltage and the current, then the voltage detector and the current detector are controlled to respectively measure the voltage and the current of the output side of the bidirectional DC/DC module body, and the output power is calculated according to the voltage and the current, namely, the output power is the product of the voltage and the current, and the controller further calculates the ratio of the output power to the input power to obtain a conversion rate value u representing the working efficiency of the bidirectional DC/DC module.iAnd then further onObtaining a conversion rate value u representing the work efficiency of the N bidirectional DC/DC modules1、u2……uN；
The controller calculates an index D representing the working performance of the bidirectional DC/DC module according to the conversion rate value and the timing value, wherein the calculation formula of D is as follows: di＝-a1*ui/umax+a2*Ti/TmaxWherein a is1、a2Is a weight coefficient, i is 1, … …, N, uiIs the conversion ratio value, T, of the ith bidirectional DC/DC moduleiIs the timing value of the ith bidirectional DC/DC module, umaxIs the largest of the N slew rate values, TmaxIs the largest timing value among the N timing values;
(4) forming a pairing relation:
the controller sequences the N bidirectional DC/DC modules according to the sequence of the index D from high to low to form a bidirectional DC/DC module sequence, integrates the storage battery sequence to obtain one-to-one mapping from the storage battery sequence to the bidirectional DC/DC module sequence from front to back, determines the connection position of each single-pole N-throw switch in the switch module according to the mapping relation, and takes the connection position as a preset mode.
Example two.
The difference from the first embodiment is that the bidirectional DC/DC module is replaced by a bidirectional DC/AC module. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
a method for equalizing discharge of a battery is characterized in that,
(1) judging the discharge requirement:
the load identification circuit detects whether a load needing power supply exists or not, and sends a detection result to the controller, the controller judges whether the step (2) or the step (3) is implemented next according to the detection result, if the detection result shows that the load needing power supply does not exist, the step (2) is implemented, and if the detection result shows that the load needing power supply exists, the step (3) is skipped;
(2) calculating the storage battery property:
the controller detects whether the N storage battery modules connected in series are integratedInputting current, if not, controlling a battery voltage detection device to be connected with the positive and negative battery connecting terminals of the battery module body in each battery module in sequence to detect the voltage V of the battery body in each battery moduleiThe controller is controlled according to the voltage V of the storage battery bodyiSequencing the N storage battery modules from high to low to form a storage battery sequence; returning to the step (1);
(3) calculating the performance of the bidirectional DC/AC converter:
the controller simultaneously sends out a trigger signal and a starting zero clearing signal, wherein the trigger signal is used for controlling movable contacts of all the single-pole N-throw switches to be closed on 1 fixed contact of the single-pole N-throw switches so as to enable the N storage battery modules to be correspondingly connected with the N bidirectional DC/AC modules one by one according to a preset mode, namely, a positive battery connecting terminal and a negative battery connecting terminal of each storage battery body are respectively connected with a positive input terminal and a negative input terminal of a bidirectional DC/AC module body in one bidirectional DC/AC module through the two single-pole N-throw switches, and electric power is transmitted to the bidirectional DC/AC module body from the storage battery body through the single-pole N-throw switches; the starting zero clearing signal is used for controlling each time delay timer connected with the output side of each bidirectional DC/AC module body in the N time delay timers to start zero clearing and start timing, the bidirectional DC/AC module body has response time, namely time difference exists between the input of electric power from one side of the bidirectional DC/AC module body and the output of the electric power from the other side of the bidirectional DC/AC module body, and the time delay timer connected with the output side of the bidirectional DC/AC module body does not count when the voltage exists at the output side of the bidirectional DC/AC module body and the voltage lasts for a certain time, so that a timing value t representing the work delay of the N bidirectional DC/AC modules is obtained1、t2……tN；
When voltage exists at the output side of a certain bidirectional DC/AC module body and lasts for a certain time, the controller firstly controls one voltage detector and one current detector corresponding to the bidirectional DC/AC module in the N voltage detectors and the current detectors to respectively measure the voltage and the current at the input side of the bidirectional DC/AC module body, calculates the input power according to the voltage and the current, namely the input power is the product of the voltage and the current, and then controls the electric powerThe voltage detector and the current detector respectively measure the voltage and the current at the output side of the bidirectional DC/AC module body, and calculate the output power according to the voltage and the current, namely the output power is the product of the amplitude of the voltage, the amplitude of the current and the cosine value of the phase angle difference of the voltage and the current, the controller further calculates the ratio of the output power and the input power to obtain a conversion rate value U representing the working efficiency of the bidirectional DC/DC moduleiFurther, a conversion rate value U representing the working efficiency of the N bidirectional DC/DC modules is obtained1、U2……UN；
The controller calculates an index d representing the working performance of the bidirectional DC/AC module according to the conversion rate value and the timing value, and the calculation formula of d is as follows: di＝-a1*Ui/Umax+a2*ti/tmaxWherein a is1、a2Is a weight coefficient, i is 1, … …, N, UiIs the conversion ratio value of the ith bidirectional DC/AC module, tiIs the timing value of the ith bidirectional DC/AC module, UmaxIs the largest of the N slew rate values, tmaxIs the largest timing value among the N timing values;
(4) forming a pairing relation:
the controller sequences the N bidirectional DC/AC modules according to the sequence of the index d from high to low to form a bidirectional DC/AC module sequence, integrates the storage battery sequence to obtain one-to-one mapping from the storage battery sequence to the bidirectional DC/AC module sequence from front to back, determines the connection position of each single-pole N-throw switch in the switch module according to the mapping relation, and takes the connection position as a preset mode.
Example three.
The difference from the first embodiment is that a battery voltage detection device is replaced by a battery level detection device, and when none of the N battery modules is used, that is, none of the N battery modules is charged or discharged, the controller controls the battery level detection device to be sequentially connected to each battery module to detect the soc of the battery body in each battery module. The controller sequences the N storage battery modules according to the sequence of the storage battery body soc from high to low to form a storage battery sequence.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are provided for further detailed description of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations on the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A method for equalizing discharge of a battery is characterized in that,
(1) judging the discharge requirement:
the load identification circuit detects whether a load needing power supply exists or not, and sends a detection result to the controller, the controller judges whether the step (2) or the step (3) is implemented next according to the detection result, if the detection result shows that the load needing power supply does not exist, the step (2) is implemented, and if the detection result shows that the load needing power supply exists, the step (3) is skipped;
(2) calculating the storage battery property:
the controller detects whether the N storage battery modules connected in series have input current or not, if not, a storage battery voltage detection device is controlled to be sequentially connected with the positive battery connecting terminal and the negative battery connecting terminal of the storage battery module body in each storage battery module so as to detect the voltage Vi of the storage battery body in each storage battery module, and the controller sorts the N storage battery modules according to the sequence of the voltage Vi of the storage battery body from high to low so as to form a storage battery sequence; returning to the step (1);
(3) calculating the performance of the bidirectional DC/AC converter:
the controller simultaneously sends out a trigger signal and a starting zero clearing signal, wherein the trigger signal is used for controlling movable contacts of all the single-pole N-throw switches to be closed on 1 fixed contact of the single-pole N-throw switches so as to enable the N storage battery modules to be correspondingly connected with the N bidirectional DC/AC modules one by one according to a preset mode, namely, a positive battery connecting terminal and a negative battery connecting terminal of each storage battery body are respectively connected with a positive input terminal and a negative input terminal of a bidirectional DC/AC module body in one bidirectional DC/AC module through the two single-pole N-throw switches, and electric power is transmitted to the bidirectional DC/AC module body from the storage battery body through the single-pole N-throw switches; the starting zero clearing signal is used for controlling each delay timer connected with the output side of each bidirectional DC/AC module body in the N delay timers to start zero clearing and start timing, and due to the fact that the bidirectional DC/AC module body has response time, namely time difference exists between the input of electric power from one side of the bidirectional DC/AC module body and the output of the electric power from the other side of the bidirectional DC/AC module body, the delay timers connected with the output side of the bidirectional DC/AC module body do not count again when the voltage exists at the output side of the bidirectional DC/AC module body and the voltage lasts for a certain time, and timing values t1 and t2 … … tN representing the work delay of the N bidirectional DC/AC modules are obtained;
when voltage exists at the output side of a certain bidirectional DC/AC module body and lasts for a certain time, the controller firstly controls one of the voltage detector and the current detector which correspond to the bidirectional DC/AC module to respectively measure the voltage and the current at the input side of the bidirectional DC/AC module body, calculates the input power according to the voltage and the current, namely the input power is the product of the voltage and the current, then controls the voltage detector and the current detector to respectively measure the voltage and the current at the output side of the bidirectional DC/AC module body, calculates the output power according to the voltage and the current, namely the output power is the product of the amplitude of the voltage and the amplitude of the current and the cosine value of the phase angle difference of the voltage and the current, and further calculates the ratio of the output power and the input power to obtain a conversion rate value Ui which represents the working efficiency of the bidirectional DC/AC module, further obtaining conversion rate values U1 and U2 … … UN representing the work efficiency of the N bidirectional DC/AC modules;
the controller calculates an index d representing the working performance of the bidirectional DC/AC module according to the conversion rate value and the timing value, and the calculation formula of d is as follows: di-a 1 Ui/Umax + a2 ti/tmax, where a1 and a2 are weight coefficients, i-1, … … and N, Ui is a slew rate value of the ith bidirectional DC/AC module, ti is a timing value of the ith bidirectional DC/AC module, Umax is a maximum slew rate value among the N slew rate values, and tmax is a maximum timing value among the N timing values;
(4) forming a pairing relation:
the controller sequences the N bidirectional DC/AC modules according to the sequence of the index d from high to low to form a bidirectional DC/AC module sequence, integrates the storage battery sequence to obtain one-to-one mapping from the storage battery sequence to the bidirectional DC/AC module sequence from front to back, determines the connection position of each single-pole N-throw switch in the switch module according to the mapping relation, and takes the connection position as a preset mode.
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| CN201711429697.4A CN108054802B (en) | 2017-12-26 | 2017-12-26 | Battery discharge equalization method |
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| CN109378846B (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2020-11-17 | 许继集团有限公司 | Battery module charging and discharging control method and device of energy storage converter in energy storage power station |
| CN110011379B (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2021-04-30 | 北京中宸泓昌科技有限公司 | Discharge balancing device and method of energy storage system |
| CN110429351B (en) * | 2019-06-17 | 2021-07-20 | 深圳市华宝新能源股份有限公司 | Battery management method and battery management device |
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