CN105391113A - Power battery active lossless bidirectional equalization method, device, and circuit - Google Patents
Power battery active lossless bidirectional equalization method, device, and circuit Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a power battery active lossless bidirectional equalization method, device, and circuit. The method includes the following steps of: acquiring the voltages of various single batteries in each battery pack, comparing the voltages of various single batteries with a preset voltage threshold of each battery pack where various single batteries locate, to obtain high-voltage single batteries and low-voltage single batteries; controlling on-off of positive switches and negative switches ofthe corresponding high-voltage single batteries to charge an energy equalization unit, and stopping discharging of the high-voltage single batteries when the voltages of the high-voltage single batteries are equal to the voltage threshold; and controlling on-off of positive switches and negative switches of the corresponding low-voltage single batteries to allow the energy equalization unit to charge the low-voltage single batteries, and stopping charging the low-voltage single batteries when the voltages of the low-voltage batteries are equal to the voltage threshold. According to the method, the electric energy can be saved, the waste can be avoided, energy transfer among various single batteries in a power battery and among the battery packs can be achieved, and quick active lossless bidirectional equalization can be achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the balanced field of electrokinetic cell, what particularly relate to a kind of electrokinetic cell initiatively can't harm bidirectional equalization method, device and circuit.
Background technology
Along with the continuous popularization of battery applications, especially lithium-ion-power cell is applied more and more widely, and electrokinetic cell becomes an important directions of new forms of energy development.But the capacity of electrokinetic cell is larger, capacity volume variance between cell and between power brick and power brick is also larger, add initial quantity of electricity difference and recycle for a long time, power brick in electrokinetic cell and the cell inconsistency in power brick can be aggravated gradually, have had a strong impact on performance and the life-span of electrokinetic cell.This proposes new challenge to battery management system, and what namely how to realize in system between cell and between power brick with power brick fast is balanced.
Existing battery management system much has equalization function, but is all the equilibrium in power brick between cell, and the ability of equalization is limited, and what cannot realize between power brick with power brick and in system between all cells fast is balanced.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention can initiatively can't harm bidirectional equalization method, device and circuit fast to the electrokinetic cell of cell fast uniform process whole in cell in power brick and electrokinetic cell for providing a kind of.
In order to realize foregoing invention object, what the present invention proposed a kind of electrokinetic cell initiatively can't harm bidirectional equalization circuit, and described electrokinetic cell comprises at least one power brick, arranges the cell of multiple series connection in power brick; The described bidirectional equalization circuit that initiatively can't harm comprises;
Voltage detecting circuit, for detecting the voltage of each cell;
Voltage comparator circuit, for being compared with the voltage threshold preset of its place power brick by the voltage of cell, obtain the high voltage cell of voltage higher than described voltage threshold, and voltage is lower than the low-voltage cell of described voltage threshold;
Balancing energy unit, for receiving the electric discharge of high voltage cell, and gives the charging of low-voltage cell;
DC/DC converter, for the power conversion between each cell and balancing energy unit, when the electric discharge of high voltage cell, converts the direct voltage of adaptive balancing energy unit to by the direct voltage that high voltage cell discharges; And for when charging to low-voltage cell, the direct voltage of balancing energy unit is converted to the direct voltage of adaptive low-voltage cell charging;
Switch arrays, for the connection control of each cell and DC/DC converter, comprise one group of one end for connect each cell positive pole respectively positive switch with one group of one end for being connected the negative switch of each cell negative pole respectively, the other end of each positive switch is shorted together, and forms a positive pole common port and connects the electrode input end of DC/DC converter; The other end of each negative switch is shorted together, and forms a negative pole common port and connects the negative input of DC/DC converter;
Controller, positive switch and negative switch for controlling corresponding high voltage cell close charges to balancing energy unit, when the voltage of high-voltage battery is equal with described voltage threshold, disconnect the positive switch of corresponding high voltage cell and the electric discharge of negative switch stopping high voltage cell; Control the positive switch of corresponding low-voltage cell and negative switch is closed that energy balanced unit is charged to low-voltage cell, when the voltage of low-voltage cell is equal with described voltage threshold, the positive switch and the negative switch that disconnect corresponding low-voltage cell stop charging to low-voltage cell; Wherein, the discharge process of the high voltage cell in same power brick and the charging process of low-voltage cell divide order to carry out.
Further, described controller also for when the specification of the cell in each power brick is identical, obtains the voltage of each cell by described voltage detecting circuit, and carries out mean value calculation, and the mean value obtained is described voltage threshold; Or,
During for arranging the cell of different size in different power brick, the voltage of each cell is obtained by described voltage detecting circuit, calculate the average voltage in the power brick of cell place, this average voltage is the voltage threshold of described corresponding power brick.
Further, each power brick of described electrokinetic cell connects a described DC/DC converter by described switch arrays;
The output of multiple DC/DC converter connects same balancing energy unit.
Further, described DC/DC converter is anti exciting converter or positive pole active clamp converter.
Further, described positive switch and negative switch are relay or metal-oxide-semiconductor.
Further, be connected by positive pole input switch between described positive pole common port with the electrode input end of described DC/DC converter; Be connected by negative pole input switch between described negative pole common port and the negative input of DC/DC converter;
The cathode output end of described DC/DC converter is connected by positive pole equalizer switch with the positive pole of described balancing energy unit; The cathode output end of described DC/DC converter is connected by negative pole equalizer switch with the negative pole pole of balancing energy unit.
What the present invention also provided a kind of electrokinetic cell initiatively can't harm bidirectional equalization method, and described electrokinetic cell comprises at least one power brick, arranges the cell of multiple series connection in power brick; Each power brick is connected with switch arrays, these switch arrays comprise one group of one end for connect each cell positive pole respectively positive switch with one group of one end for being connected the negative switch of each cell negative pole respectively, the other end of each positive switch is shorted together, form a positive pole common port, the other end of each negative switch is shorted together, and forms a negative pole common port; The described bidirectional equalization method that initiatively can't harm comprises:
Obtain the voltage of each cell in each power brick, and compare with the predetermined voltage threshold of place power brick respectively, obtain the high voltage cell of voltage higher than described voltage threshold, and voltage is lower than the low-voltage cell of described voltage threshold;
Control the positive switch of corresponding high voltage cell and negative switch to close and charge to balancing energy unit, when the voltage of high-voltage battery is equal with described voltage threshold, disconnect the positive switch of corresponding high voltage cell and the electric discharge of negative switch stopping high voltage cell; Control the positive switch of corresponding low-voltage cell and negative switch is closed that energy balanced unit is charged to low-voltage cell, when the voltage of low-voltage cell is equal with described voltage threshold, the positive switch and the negative switch that disconnect corresponding low-voltage cell stop charging to low-voltage cell; Wherein, the discharge process of the high voltage cell in same power brick and the charging process of low-voltage cell divide order to carry out.
Further, the method to set up of described voltage threshold, comprising:
When the specification of the cell in each power brick is identical, obtain the voltage of each cell, and carry out mean value calculation, the mean value obtained is described voltage threshold; Or,
When arranging the cell of different size in different power brick, obtain the voltage of each cell, calculate the average voltage in the power brick of cell place, this average voltage is the voltage threshold of described corresponding power brick.
What the present invention also provided a kind of electrokinetic cell initiatively can't harm bidirectional equalization device, and described electrokinetic cell comprises at least one power brick, arranges the cell of multiple series connection in power brick; Each power brick is connected with switch arrays, these switch arrays comprise one group of one end for connect each cell positive pole respectively positive switch with one group of one end for being connected the negative switch of each cell negative pole respectively, the other end of each positive switch is shorted together, form a positive pole common port, the other end of each negative switch is shorted together, and forms a negative pole common port; Describedly initiatively can't harm bidirectional equalization method, the described bidirectional equalization device that initiatively can't harm comprises:
Obtain comparing unit, for obtaining the voltage of each cell in each power brick, and compare with the predetermined voltage threshold of place power brick respectively, obtain the high voltage cell of voltage higher than described voltage threshold, and voltage is lower than the low-voltage cell of described voltage threshold;
Two-way non-dissipative equalizing unit, positive switch and negative switch for controlling corresponding high voltage cell close charges to balancing energy unit, when the voltage of high-voltage battery is equal with described voltage threshold, disconnect the positive switch of corresponding high voltage cell and the electric discharge of negative switch stopping high voltage cell; Control the positive switch of corresponding low-voltage cell and negative switch is closed that energy balanced unit is charged to low-voltage cell, when the voltage of low-voltage cell is equal with described voltage threshold, the positive switch and the negative switch that disconnect corresponding low-voltage cell stop charging to low-voltage cell; Wherein, the discharge process of the high voltage cell in same power brick and the charging process of low-voltage cell divide order to carry out.
Further, described acquisition comparing unit comprises:
First obtains subelement, and for when the specification of the cell in each power brick is identical, obtain the voltage of each cell, and carry out mean value calculation, the mean value obtained is described voltage threshold; Or,
Second obtains subelement, during for arranging the cell of different size in different power brick, obtain the voltage of each cell, calculate the average voltage in the power brick of cell place, this average voltage is the voltage threshold of described corresponding power brick.
Electrokinetic cell of the present invention initiatively can't harm bidirectional equalization method, device and circuit, by obtaining the voltage of the whole cells in electrokinetic cell, then compare with the voltage threshold preset, obtain high voltage cell and low-voltage cell, then the positive switch of corresponding high voltage cell and negative switch and the corresponding positive switch of low-voltage cell and the keying of negative switch is controlled, realize high voltage cell to charge to balancing energy unit, balancing energy unit charges to low-voltage cell, can the waste of effective saves energy, realize cell each in power brick in electrokinetic cell, and the transfer of energy between power brick and power brick, realize harmless bidirectional equalization quickly.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart that initiatively can't harm bidirectional equalization circuit of one embodiment of the invention medium power battery;
Fig. 2 be one embodiment of the invention medium power battery initiatively can't harm a power brick in bidirectional equalization circuit time circuit diagram;
Fig. 3 be one embodiment of the invention medium power battery initiatively can't harm multiple power brick in bidirectional equalization circuit time circuit diagram;
Fig. 4 is the flow chart that initiatively can't harm bidirectional equalization method of one embodiment of the invention medium power battery;
Fig. 5 is the structured flowchart that initiatively can't harm bidirectional equalization device of one embodiment of the invention medium power battery;
Fig. 6 is the structured flowchart obtaining comparing unit in one embodiment of the invention.
The realization of the object of the invention, functional characteristics and advantage will in conjunction with the embodiments, are described further with reference to accompanying drawing.
Embodiment
Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
Referring to figs. 1 through Fig. 3, in the embodiment of the present invention, what provide a kind of electrokinetic cell initiatively can't harm bidirectional equalization circuit, and wherein electrokinetic cell comprises at least one power brick 70, arranges the cell of multiple series connection in power brick 70; The above-mentioned bidirectional equalization circuit that initiatively can't harm comprises; Voltage detecting circuit 10, for detecting the voltage of each cell; Voltage comparator circuit 20, for being compared with the voltage threshold preset of its place power brick 70 by the voltage of cell, obtain the high voltage cell of voltage higher than described voltage threshold, and voltage is lower than the low-voltage cell of described voltage threshold; Balancing energy unit 40, for receiving the electric discharge of high voltage cell, and gives the charging of low-voltage cell; DC/DC converter 30, for the power conversion between each cell and balancing energy unit 40, when the electric discharge of high voltage cell, converts the direct voltage of adaptive balancing energy unit 40 to by the direct voltage that high voltage cell discharges; And for when charging to low-voltage cell, the direct voltage of balancing energy unit 40 is converted to the direct voltage of adaptive low-voltage cell charging; Switch arrays, for the connection control of each cell and DC/DC converter 30, comprise one group of one end for connect each cell positive pole respectively positive switch 41 with one group of one end for being connected the negative switch 42 of each cell negative pole respectively, the other end of each positive switch 41 is shorted together, and forms a positive pole common port and connects the electrode input end of DC/DC converter 30; The other end of each negative switch 42 is shorted together, and forms a negative pole common port and connects the negative input of DC/DC converter 30; Controller 60, positive switch 41 and negative switch 42 for controlling corresponding high voltage cell close charges to balancing energy unit 40, when the voltage of high-voltage battery is equal with described voltage threshold, disconnect the electric discharge that the positive switch 41 of corresponding high voltage cell and negative switch 42 stop high voltage cell; The positive switch 41 and the closed energy balanced unit 40 that makes of negative switch 42 that control corresponding low-voltage cell charge to low-voltage cell, when the voltage of low-voltage cell is equal with described voltage threshold, the positive switch 41 and the negative switch 42 that disconnect corresponding low-voltage cell stop charging to low-voltage cell; Wherein, the discharge process of high voltage cell in same power brick 70 and the charging process of low-voltage cell divide order to carry out.
Above-mentioned voltage detecting circuit 10 generally comprises multiple sampling resistor, and each sampling resistor is arranged in parallel with a cell respectively, and circuit is simple and practical, in other embodiments, also can arrange its other circuit.
Above-mentioned voltage comparator circuit 20, compares the voltage of each cell with a default voltage threshold, thus obtains the overtension of which cell, the brownout of which cell, convenient for not having monomer to carry out the process of discharging or charging.
Above-mentioned balancing energy unit 40, is generally a battery pack, for energy storage and electric discharge, such as gives the charging of low-voltage cell, receives the charging etc. of high voltage cell.
Above-mentioned DC/DC converter 30 is with DC-to-DC energy changing device, the size of direct voltage can be changed, than the voltage of balancing energy unit 40 described above higher than the voltage of cell, if when balancing energy unit 40 charges to cell, the voltage exported by balancing energy unit 40 by DC/DC converter 30 is so needed to carry out reduced pressure treatment, in like manner, if cell charges to balancing energy unit 40, need, by DC/DC converter 30, the voltage that cell exports is carried out boosting process etc.
Above-mentioned switch arrays are switching devices that each cell of control is communicated with DC/DC converter 30, when needs are to a certain cell charging, the positive switch 41 of this cell and negative switch 42 is needed to open, at the end of charging, the positive switch 41 of this cell and negative switch 42 are closed; When cell charges to balancing energy unit 40, the positive switch 41 of this cell and negative switch 42 are opened by same needs.
Above-mentioned controller 60, is whole circuit " brain ", arranges the work of each circuit.Such as, when arranging ten cells in a certain power brick 70, after each cell compares with the voltage threshold preset, wherein five is high voltage cell, three is low-voltage cell, the cell also having two is normal battery, so controller 60 controls the positive switch 41 of corresponding five high voltage cells and negative switch 42 closes first respectively, then control five high voltage cells to be charged to balancing energy unit 40 by DC/DC converter 30, when the voltage of some high voltage cells is equal with the voltage threshold preset, controller 60 controls the positive switch 41 corresponding with this high voltage cell and negative switch 42 disconnects, until whole high voltage cells reaches equilibrium state, terminate the discharge process of high voltage cell, namely the positive switch 41 of corresponding high voltage cell and negative switch 42 all disconnect, then, controller 60 controls to control respectively the positive switch 41 of corresponding three low-voltage cells and negative switch 42 closes, then balancing energy unit 40 is controlled by DC/DC converter 30 to three low-voltage cell chargings, when the voltage of some low-voltage cells is equal with the voltage threshold preset, controller 60 controls the positive switch 41 corresponding with this low-voltage cell and negative switch 42 disconnects, until whole low-voltage cells reaches equilibrium state, terminate the charging process of low-voltage cell, namely the positive switch 41 of corresponding low-voltage cell and negative switch 42 all disconnect.In above process, also can first give the charging of low-voltage cell, then give the electric discharge of high voltage cell.
The electrokinetic cell of the present embodiment initiatively can't harm bidirectional equalization circuit, by obtaining the voltage of the whole cells in electrokinetic cell, then compare with the voltage threshold preset, obtain high voltage cell and low-voltage cell, then the positive switch 41 of corresponding high voltage cell and the positive switch 41 of negative switch 42 and corresponding low-voltage cell and the keying of negative switch 42 is controlled, realize high voltage cell to charge to balancing energy unit 40, balancing energy unit 40 gives the charging of low-voltage cell, can the waste of effective saves energy, realize electrokinetic cell harmless bidirectional equalization initiatively, and the balancing energy that can realize fast between power brick 70 and power brick 70, and the equilibrium in system between all cells.
In the present embodiment, above-mentioned controller 60 is also for when the specification of the cell in each power brick 70 is identical, obtained the voltage of each cell by described voltage detecting circuit 10, and carry out mean value calculation, the mean value obtained is described voltage threshold.Electrokinetic cell used in current most of industry, the specification of the cell in each power brick 70 of its inside is all identical, the mean value of each cell can be used as voltage threshold, conveniently can carry out rational equilibrium treatment to the electrokinetic cell under different charge condition like this.With the mean value of the voltage of each cell for voltage threshold, quantity can be obtained and differ little high voltage cell and low-voltage cell, and the unnecessary energy of high voltage cell is identical with the energy that low-voltage cell lacks, in balancing procedure, the energy supplement balancing energy unit 40 etc. that high voltage cell can be utilized to have more, makes the loss of the energy of energy balanced unit 40 less.
In another embodiment, when in different power brick 70, the cell of different size is set, the voltage of each cell is obtained by described voltage detecting circuit 10, calculate the average voltage in cell place power brick 70, this average voltage is the voltage threshold of described corresponding power brick 70.Such as, two power brick 70 are provided with in electrokinetic cell, the cell of ten 1.5 volts is set in a power brick 70, the cell of five 3 volts is set in another power brick 70, so in balancing procedure, identical voltage threshold is used obviously to be inappropriate, so made a distinction, the mean value of the monomer battery voltage in each power brick 70 is as the voltage threshold of this power brick 70, when can reach balancing energy equally, the quantity of high voltage cell is substantially identical with the quantity of low-voltage cell, the energy total amount that high voltage cell exceeds is substantially identical with the energy that low-voltage cell lacks, in balancing procedure, the energy supplement balancing energy unit 40 etc. that high voltage cell can be utilized to have more, make the loss of the energy of energy balanced unit 40 less.
In embodiment, each power brick 70 of above-mentioned electrokinetic cell connects a described DC/DC converter 30 by described switch arrays; The output of multiple DC/DC converter 30 connects same balancing energy unit 40.Multiple different power brick 70 can be made like this to carry out equilibrium treatment respectively, such as, during high voltage cell discharge process in first power brick 70, the low-voltage cell in another power brick 70 carry out charging process, each power brick 70 is balanced respectively, mutually can not affect.
In the present embodiment, described DC/DC converter 30 is anti exciting converter or positive pole active clamp converter.When wherein using anti exciting converter, there is circuit simple, can efficiently provide multi-channel DC to export, be applicable to many groups and export requirement; Conversion efficiency is high, loses little; Transformer turn ratio is less; When input voltage fluctuates within a large range, still can there be the features such as more stable output.And when using source clamped converter, there is simple and direct, stable performance and efficiency high equally.
In the present embodiment, above-mentioned positive switch 41 and negative switch 42 are relay or metal-oxide-semiconductor.Relay and metal-oxide-semiconductor all have the features such as control is stable, low price.
In the present embodiment, be connected by positive pole input switch 21 between above-mentioned positive pole common port with the electrode input end of described DC/DC converter 30; Be connected by negative pole input switch 22 between described negative pole common port and the negative input of DC/DC converter 30; The cathode output end of described DC/DC converter 30 is connected by positive pole equalizer switch 51 with the positive pole of described balancing energy unit 40; The cathode output end of described DC/DC converter 30 is connected by negative pole equalizer switch 52 with the negative pole of balancing energy unit 40.Positive pole input switch 21 and negative pole input switch 22 and positive pole equalizer switch 51 and negative pole equalizer switch 52, can prevent balanced unit by be energized between DC/DC converter 30 and cell by mistake, raising use safety and useful life.
In one embodiment, a power brick 70 is only set in electrokinetic cell, the positive pole of each cell draws a positive switch 41, and the electrode input end of DC/DC converter 30 will be connected after the other end short circuit of whole positive switch 41, the negative pole of each cell is drawn a negative switch 42 and will be connected the negative input of DC/DC converter 30 after the other end short circuit of whole negative switch 42, then the positive pole of the output of DC/DC converter 30 connects the positive pole of balancing energy unit 40, the negative pole of output connects the negative pole of balancing energy unit 40.When carrying out equilibrium treatment, first the voltage of each cell is detected by voltage detecting circuit 10, then average voltage is calculated as voltage threshold by controller 60, compared with voltage threshold by the voltage of voltage comparator circuit 20 by each cell afterwards, obtaining which cell is high voltage cell, and which cell is low-voltage cell.Charge to balancing energy unit 40 finally by high-voltage battery, discharge to low-voltage cell by balancing energy unit 40.When giving the electric discharge of high voltage cell, the positive switch 41 at closed each high voltage cell two ends and negative switch 42, high voltage cell is charged to balancing energy unit 40 by DC/DC converter 30, in charging process, high voltage cell discharges, when the voltage of a certain high voltage cell is equal with voltage threshold, to should the positive switch 41 of high voltage cell and negative switch 42 disconnect, until when the voltage of whole high voltage cells is equal with voltage threshold, terminate discharge process; When giving the charging of low-voltage cell, the positive switch 41 at closed each low-voltage cell two ends and negative switch 42, make energy balanced unit 40 by DC/DC converter 30 to the charging of low-voltage cell, in charging process, when the voltage of a certain low-voltage cell is equal with voltage threshold, to should the positive switch 41 of low-voltage cell and negative switch 42 disconnect, until when the voltage of whole low-voltage cells is equal with voltage threshold, complete charge process; Charging process and discharge process need to separate and carry out.In balancing procedure, high voltage cell fills to the electricity of balancing energy unit 40, fills to the energy of low-voltage cell substantially identical with balancing energy unit 40, realizes fast, the electrokinetic cell equilibrium treatment of basic noenergy loss.
In another specific embodiment, above-mentioned electrokinetic cell comprises multiple power brick 70, so each power brick 70 is all identical with the equalization process of above-mentioned battery, each power brick 70 connects switch arrays, switch arrays connect an exclusive DC/DC converter 30, connect balancing energy unit 40 after the mutual short circuit of output of then multiple DC/DC converter 30.In balancing procedure, the mean value of the whole monomer battery voltage of same acquisition is as voltage threshold, and then comparing and obtaining which cell is high voltage cell, and which cell is low-voltage cell.Charge to balancing energy unit 40 finally by high-voltage battery, discharge to low-voltage cell by balancing energy unit 40.When giving the electric discharge of high voltage cell, the positive switch 41 at closed each high voltage cell two ends and negative switch 42, high voltage cell is charged to balancing energy unit 40 by DC/DC converter 30, in charging process, high voltage cell discharges, when the voltage of a certain high voltage cell is equal with voltage threshold, to should the positive switch 41 of high voltage cell and negative switch 42 disconnect, until when the voltage of whole high voltage cells is equal with voltage threshold, terminate discharge process; When giving the charging of low-voltage cell, the positive switch 41 at closed each low-voltage cell two ends and negative switch 42, make energy balanced unit 40 by DC/DC converter 30 to the charging of low-voltage cell, in charging process, when the voltage of a certain low-voltage cell is equal with voltage threshold, to should the positive switch 41 of low-voltage cell and negative switch 42 disconnect, until when the voltage of whole low-voltage cells is equal with voltage threshold, complete charge process; Charging process and discharge process need to separate and carry out.In balancing procedure, high voltage cell fills to the electricity of balancing energy unit 40, fill to the energy of low-voltage cell substantially identical with balancing energy unit 40, and whole cells carries out simultaneously, realize the energy trasfer between power brick 70 and power brick 70, and balancing speed is fast, balanced basic noenergy loss.
With reference to Fig. 4, what the present invention also provided a kind of electrokinetic cell initiatively can't harm bidirectional equalization method, and described electrokinetic cell comprises at least one power brick 70, arranges the cell of multiple series connection in power brick 70; Each power brick 70 is connected with switch arrays, these switch arrays comprise one group of one end for connect each cell positive pole respectively positive switch 41 with one group of one end for being connected the negative switch 42 of each cell negative pole respectively, the other end of each positive switch 41 is shorted together, form a positive pole common port, the other end of each negative switch 42 is shorted together, and forms a negative pole common port; The described bidirectional equalization method that initiatively can't harm comprises step:
S1, obtain the voltage of each cell in each power brick 70, and compare with the predetermined voltage threshold of place power brick 70 respectively, obtain the high voltage cell of voltage higher than described voltage threshold, and voltage is lower than the low-voltage cell of described voltage threshold;
S2, the positive switch 41 controlling corresponding high voltage cell and negative switch 42 close charges to balancing energy unit 40, when the voltage of high-voltage battery is equal with described voltage threshold, disconnect the electric discharge that the positive switch 41 of corresponding high voltage cell and negative switch 42 stop high voltage cell; The positive switch 41 and the closed energy balanced unit 40 that makes of negative switch 42 that control corresponding low-voltage cell charge to low-voltage cell, when the voltage of low-voltage cell is equal with described voltage threshold, the positive switch 41 and the negative switch 42 that disconnect corresponding low-voltage cell stop charging to low-voltage cell; Wherein, the discharge process of high voltage cell in same power brick 70 and the charging process of low-voltage cell divide order to carry out.
As described in above-mentioned steps S1, obtain the voltage of the cell in each power brick 70 in electrokinetic cell respectively, then in units of power brick 70, predetermined voltage threshold in the voltage of cell and its place power brick 70 is compared, obtain the high voltage cell of voltage higher than described voltage threshold, and voltage is lower than the low-voltage cell of described voltage threshold, so that corresponding equilibrium treatment is carried out to different cells.In one embodiment, if the specification of the whole cell in electrokinetic cell is identical, so each power brick 70 can arrange identical voltage threshold, and namely each power brick 70 uses same default voltage threshold; In another embodiment, the specification of the cell in the power brick 70 in electrokinetic cell is different, the cell of 1.5 volts of ten series connection is set in a such as power brick 70, and cover in power brick 70 at another cell arranging five 3 volts, cell difference so in two power brick 70 is larger, if use same voltage threshold display unreasonable, so just in units of power brick 70, default voltage threshold is set respectively, the electrokinetic cell going for various routine is balanced, also goes for special electrokinetic cell equilibrium.
As described in above-mentioned steps S2, when after the voltage condition knowing each cell, then equilibrium treatment is carried out for each cell, can discharge to high voltage cell in same power brick 70 simultaneously, also can charge to low-voltage cell simultaneously, but can not carry out simultaneously.
In the present embodiment, the method to set up of above-mentioned voltage threshold, comprising:
S11, when the specification of the cell in each power brick 70 is identical, obtains the voltage of each cell, and carry out mean value calculation, the mean value obtained is described voltage threshold; Or,
S11`, when arranging the cell of different size in different power brick 70, obtain the voltage of each cell, calculate the average voltage in cell place power brick 70, this average voltage is the voltage threshold of described corresponding power brick 70.
As described in above-mentioned steps S11, electrokinetic cell used in current most of industry, the specification of the cell in each power brick 70 of its inside is all identical, the mean value of each cell can be used as voltage threshold, conveniently can carry out rational equilibrium treatment to the electrokinetic cell under different charge condition like this.With the mean value of the voltage of each cell for voltage threshold, quantity can be obtained and differ little high voltage cell and low-voltage cell, and the unnecessary energy of high voltage cell is identical with the energy that low-voltage cell lacks, in balancing procedure, the energy supplement balancing energy unit 40 etc. that high voltage cell can be utilized to have more, makes the loss of the energy of energy balanced unit 40 less.
As as described in above-mentioned steps S11`, when being provided with two power brick 70 in electrokinetic cell, the cell of ten 1.5 volts is set in a power brick 70, the cell of five 3 volts is set in another power brick 70, so in balancing procedure, identical voltage threshold is used obviously to be inappropriate, so made a distinction, the mean value of the monomer battery voltage in each power brick 70 is as the voltage threshold of this power brick 70, when can reach balancing energy equally, the quantity of high voltage cell is substantially identical with the quantity of low-voltage cell, the energy total amount that high voltage cell exceeds is substantially identical with the energy that low-voltage cell lacks, in balancing procedure, the energy supplement balancing energy unit 40 etc. that high voltage cell can be utilized to have more, make the loss of the energy of energy balanced unit 40 less.
Electrokinetic cell of the present invention initiatively can't harm bidirectional equalization method, by obtaining the voltage of the whole cells in electrokinetic cell, then compare with the voltage threshold preset, obtain high voltage cell and low-voltage cell, then the positive switch 41 of corresponding high voltage cell and the positive switch 41 of negative switch 42 and corresponding low-voltage cell and the keying of negative switch 42 is controlled, realize high voltage cell to charge to balancing energy unit 40, balancing energy unit 40 gives the charging of low-voltage cell, can the waste of effective saves energy, realize cell each in power brick in electrokinetic cell 70, and the transfer of energy between power brick 70 and power brick 70, realize harmless bidirectional equalization quickly.
With reference to Fig. 5, what the present invention also provided a kind of electrokinetic cell initiatively can't harm bidirectional equalization device, and described electrokinetic cell comprises at least one power brick 70, arranges the cell of multiple series connection in power brick 70; Each power brick 70 is connected with switch arrays, these switch arrays comprise one group of one end for connect each cell positive pole respectively positive switch 41 with one group of one end for being connected the negative switch 42 of each cell negative pole respectively, the other end of each positive switch 41 is shorted together, form a positive pole common port, the other end of each negative switch 42 is shorted together, and forms a negative pole common port; Describedly initiatively can't harm bidirectional equalization method, the described bidirectional equalization device that initiatively can't harm comprises:
Obtain comparing unit 100, for obtaining the voltage of each cell in each power brick 70, and compare with the predetermined voltage threshold of place power brick 70 respectively, obtain the high voltage cell of voltage higher than described voltage threshold, and voltage is lower than the low-voltage cell of described voltage threshold;
Two-way non-dissipative equalizing unit 200, positive switch 41 and negative switch 42 for controlling corresponding high voltage cell close charges to balancing energy unit 40, when the voltage of high-voltage battery is equal with described voltage threshold, disconnect the electric discharge that the positive switch 41 of corresponding high voltage cell and negative switch 42 stop high voltage cell; The positive switch 41 and the closed energy balanced unit 40 that makes of negative switch 42 that control corresponding low-voltage cell charge to low-voltage cell, when the voltage of low-voltage cell is equal with described voltage threshold, the positive switch 41 and the negative switch 42 that disconnect corresponding low-voltage cell stop charging to low-voltage cell; Wherein, the discharge process of high voltage cell in same power brick 70 and the charging process of low-voltage cell divide order to carry out.
As above-mentioned acquisition comparing unit 100, obtain the voltage of the cell in each power brick 70 in electrokinetic cell respectively, then in units of power brick 70, predetermined voltage threshold in the voltage of cell and its place power brick 70 is compared, obtain the high voltage cell of voltage higher than described voltage threshold, and voltage is lower than the low-voltage cell of described voltage threshold, so that corresponding equilibrium treatment is carried out to different cells.In one embodiment, if the specification of the whole cell in electrokinetic cell is identical, so each power brick 70 can arrange identical voltage threshold, and namely each power brick 70 uses same default voltage threshold; In another embodiment, the specification of the cell in the power brick 70 in electrokinetic cell is different, the cell of 1.5 volts of ten series connection is set in a such as power brick 70, and cover in power brick 70 at another cell arranging five 3 volts, cell difference so in two power brick 70 is larger, if use same voltage threshold display unreasonable, so just in units of power brick 70, default voltage threshold is set respectively, the electrokinetic cell going for various routine is balanced, also goes for special electrokinetic cell equilibrium.
As above-mentioned two-way non-dissipative equalizing unit 200, when after the voltage condition knowing each cell, then equilibrium treatment is carried out for each cell, can discharge to high voltage cell in same power brick 70 simultaneously, also can charge to low-voltage cell simultaneously, but can not carry out simultaneously.
In the present embodiment, above-mentioned acquisition comparing unit 100 comprises:
First obtains subelement 101, and for when the specification of the cell in each power brick 70 is identical, obtains the voltage of each cell, and carry out mean value calculation, the mean value obtained is described voltage threshold; Or,
Second obtains subelement 102, during for arranging the cell of different size in different power brick 70, obtain the voltage of each cell, calculate the average voltage in cell place power brick 70, this average voltage is the voltage threshold of described corresponding power brick 70.
As above-mentioned first obtains subelement 101, electrokinetic cell used in current most of industry, the specification of the cell in each power brick 70 of its inside is all identical, the mean value of each cell can be used as voltage threshold, conveniently can carry out rational equilibrium treatment to the electrokinetic cell under different charge condition like this.With the mean value of the voltage of each cell for voltage threshold, quantity can be obtained and differ little high voltage cell and low-voltage cell, and the unnecessary energy of high voltage cell is identical with the energy that low-voltage cell lacks, in balancing procedure, the energy supplement balancing energy unit 40 etc. that high voltage cell can be utilized to have more, makes the loss of the energy of energy balanced unit 40 less.
As above-mentioned second obtains subelement 102, when being provided with two power brick 70 in electrokinetic cell, the cell of ten 1.5 volts is set in a power brick 70, the cell of five 3 volts is set in another power brick 70, so in balancing procedure, identical voltage threshold is used obviously to be inappropriate, so made a distinction, the mean value of the monomer battery voltage in each power brick 70 is as the voltage threshold of this power brick 70, when can reach balancing energy equally, the quantity of high voltage cell is substantially identical with the quantity of low-voltage cell, the energy total amount that high voltage cell exceeds is substantially identical with the energy that low-voltage cell lacks, in balancing procedure, the energy supplement balancing energy unit 40 etc. that high voltage cell can be utilized to have more, make the loss of the energy of energy balanced unit 40 less.
Electrokinetic cell of the present invention initiatively can't harm bidirectional equalization method, by obtaining the voltage of the whole cells in electrokinetic cell, then compare with the voltage threshold preset, obtain high voltage cell and low-voltage cell, then the positive switch 41 of corresponding high voltage cell and the positive switch 41 of negative switch 42 and corresponding low-voltage cell and the keying of negative switch 42 is controlled, realize high voltage cell to charge to balancing energy unit 40, balancing energy unit 40 gives the charging of low-voltage cell, can the waste of effective saves energy, realize cell each in power brick in electrokinetic cell 70, and the transfer of energy between power brick 70 and power brick 70, realize harmless bidirectional equalization quickly.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention; not thereby the scope of the claims of the present invention is limited; every utilize specification of the present invention and accompanying drawing content to do equivalent structure or equivalent flow process conversion; or be directly or indirectly used in other relevant technical fields, be all in like manner included in scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. electrokinetic cell initiatively can't harm a bidirectional equalization circuit, described electrokinetic cell comprises at least one power brick, arranges the cell of multiple series connection in power brick; It is characterized in that, the described bidirectional equalization circuit that initiatively can't harm comprises;
Voltage detecting circuit, for detecting the voltage of each cell;
Voltage comparator circuit, for being compared with the voltage threshold preset of its place power brick by the voltage of cell, obtain the high voltage cell of voltage higher than described voltage threshold, and voltage is lower than the low-voltage cell of described voltage threshold;
Balancing energy unit, for receiving the electric discharge of high voltage cell, and gives the charging of low-voltage cell;
DC/DC converter, for the power conversion between each cell and balancing energy unit, when the electric discharge of high voltage cell, converts the direct voltage of adaptive balancing energy unit to by the direct voltage that high voltage cell discharges; And for when charging to low-voltage cell, the direct voltage of balancing energy unit is converted to the direct voltage of adaptive low-voltage cell charging;
Switch arrays, for the connection control of each cell and DC/DC converter, comprise one group of one end for connect each cell positive pole respectively positive switch with one group of one end for being connected the negative switch of each cell negative pole respectively, the other end of each positive switch is shorted together, and forms a positive pole common port and connects the electrode input end of DC/DC converter; The other end of each negative switch is shorted together, and forms a negative pole common port and connects the negative input of DC/DC converter;
Controller, positive switch and negative switch for controlling corresponding high voltage cell close charges to balancing energy unit, when the voltage of high-voltage battery is equal with described voltage threshold, disconnect the positive switch of corresponding high voltage cell and the electric discharge of negative switch stopping high voltage cell; Control the positive switch of corresponding low-voltage cell and negative switch is closed that energy balanced unit is charged to low-voltage cell, when the voltage of low-voltage cell is equal with described voltage threshold, the positive switch and the negative switch that disconnect corresponding low-voltage cell stop charging to low-voltage cell; Wherein, the discharge process of the high voltage cell in same power brick and the charging process of low-voltage cell divide order to carry out.
2. electrokinetic cell according to claim 1 initiatively can't harm bidirectional equalization circuit, it is characterized in that, described controller is also for when the specification of the cell in each power brick is identical, the voltage of each cell is obtained by described voltage detecting circuit, and carrying out mean value calculation, the mean value obtained is described voltage threshold; Or,
During for arranging the cell of different size in different power brick, the voltage of each cell is obtained by described voltage detecting circuit, calculate the average voltage in the power brick of cell place, this average voltage is the voltage threshold of described corresponding power brick.
3. electrokinetic cell according to claim 1 initiatively can't harm bidirectional equalization circuit, it is characterized in that, each power brick of described electrokinetic cell connects a described DC/DC converter by described switch arrays;
The output of multiple DC/DC converter connects same balancing energy unit.
4. electrokinetic cell according to claim 1 initiatively can't harm bidirectional equalization circuit, it is characterized in that, described DC/DC converter is anti exciting converter or positive pole active clamp converter.
5. electrokinetic cell according to claim 1 initiatively can't harm bidirectional equalization circuit, it is characterized in that, described positive switch and negative switch are relay or metal-oxide-semiconductor.
6. electrokinetic cell according to claim 1 initiatively can't harm bidirectional equalization circuit, it is characterized in that, be connected by positive pole input switch between described positive pole common port with the electrode input end of described DC/DC converter; Be connected by negative pole input switch between described negative pole common port and the negative input of DC/DC converter;
The cathode output end of described DC/DC converter is connected by positive pole equalizer switch with the positive pole of described balancing energy unit; The cathode output end of described DC/DC converter is connected by negative pole equalizer switch with the negative pole pole of balancing energy unit.
7. an electrokinetic cell initiatively can't harm bidirectional equalization method, described electrokinetic cell comprises at least one power brick, the cell of multiple series connection is set in power brick, it is characterized in that, each power brick is connected with switch arrays, these switch arrays comprise one group of one end for connect each cell positive pole respectively positive switch with one group of one end for being connected the negative switch of each cell negative pole respectively, the other end of each positive switch is shorted together, form a positive pole common port, the other end of each negative switch is shorted together, and forms a negative pole common port; The described bidirectional equalization method that initiatively can't harm comprises:
Obtain the voltage of each cell in each power brick, and compare with the predetermined voltage threshold of place power brick respectively, obtain the high voltage cell of voltage higher than described voltage threshold, and voltage is lower than the low-voltage cell of described voltage threshold;
Control the positive switch of corresponding high voltage cell and negative switch to close and charge to balancing energy unit, when the voltage of high-voltage battery is equal with described voltage threshold, disconnect the positive switch of corresponding high voltage cell and the electric discharge of negative switch stopping high voltage cell; Control the positive switch of corresponding low-voltage cell and negative switch is closed that energy balanced unit is charged to low-voltage cell, when the voltage of low-voltage cell is equal with described voltage threshold, the positive switch and the negative switch that disconnect corresponding low-voltage cell stop charging to low-voltage cell; Wherein, the discharge process of the high voltage cell in same power brick and the charging process of low-voltage cell divide order to carry out.
8. that will remove the electrokinetic cell described in 7 according to right initiatively can't harm bidirectional equalization method, and it is characterized in that, the method to set up of described voltage threshold, comprising:
When the specification of the cell in each power brick is identical, obtain the voltage of each cell, and carry out mean value calculation, the mean value obtained is described voltage threshold; Or,
When arranging the cell of different size in different power brick, obtain the voltage of each cell, calculate the average voltage in the power brick of cell place, this average voltage is the voltage threshold of described corresponding power brick.
9. an electrokinetic cell initiatively can't harm bidirectional equalization device, described electrokinetic cell comprises at least one power brick, the cell of multiple series connection is set in power brick, it is characterized in that, switch arrays are provided with in each power brick, these switch arrays comprise one group of one end for connect each cell positive pole respectively positive switch with one group of one end for being connected the negative switch of each cell negative pole respectively, the other end of each positive switch is shorted together, form a positive pole common port, the other end of each negative switch is shorted together, and forms a negative pole common port; Describedly initiatively can't harm bidirectional equalization method, the described bidirectional equalization device that initiatively can't harm comprises:
Obtain comparing unit, for obtaining the voltage of each cell in each power brick, and compare with the predetermined voltage threshold of place power brick respectively, obtain the high voltage cell of voltage higher than described voltage threshold, and voltage is lower than the low-voltage cell of described voltage threshold;
Two-way non-dissipative equalizing unit, positive switch and negative switch for controlling corresponding high voltage cell close charges to balancing energy unit, when the voltage of high-voltage battery is equal with described voltage threshold, disconnect the positive switch of corresponding high voltage cell and the electric discharge of negative switch stopping high voltage cell; Control the positive switch of corresponding low-voltage cell and negative switch is closed that energy balanced unit is charged to low-voltage cell, when the voltage of low-voltage cell is equal with described voltage threshold, the positive switch and the negative switch that disconnect corresponding low-voltage cell stop charging to low-voltage cell; Wherein, the discharge process of the high voltage cell in same power brick and the charging process of low-voltage cell divide order to carry out.
10. electrokinetic cell according to claim 9 initiatively can't harm bidirectional equalization device, it is characterized in that, described acquisition comparing unit comprises:
First obtains subelement, and for when the specification of the cell in each power brick is identical, obtain the voltage of each cell, and carry out mean value calculation, the mean value obtained is described voltage threshold; Or,
Second obtains subelement, during for arranging the cell of different size in different power brick, obtain the voltage of each cell, calculate the average voltage in the power brick of cell place, this average voltage is the voltage threshold of described corresponding power brick.
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