CN108054093A - 单晶硅片刻蚀抛光方法 - Google Patents

单晶硅片刻蚀抛光方法 Download PDF

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CN108054093A
CN108054093A CN201711286807.6A CN201711286807A CN108054093A CN 108054093 A CN108054093 A CN 108054093A CN 201711286807 A CN201711286807 A CN 201711286807A CN 108054093 A CN108054093 A CN 108054093A
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polishing
etching
spray
silicon chip
washing
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余永健
李静
刘露露
衣玉林
穆林森
王冲
王超
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SUZHOU RUNYANG PHOTOVOLTAIC TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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SUZHOU RUNYANG PHOTOVOLTAIC TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/04Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
    • H01L21/18Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
    • H01L21/30Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
    • H01L21/302Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to change their surface-physical characteristics or shape, e.g. etching, polishing, cutting
    • H01L21/306Chemical or electrical treatment, e.g. electrolytic etching
    • H01L21/30604Chemical etching
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/04Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
    • H01L21/18Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
    • H01L21/30Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
    • H01L21/302Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to change their surface-physical characteristics or shape, e.g. etching, polishing, cutting
    • H01L21/306Chemical or electrical treatment, e.g. electrolytic etching
    • H01L21/30625With simultaneous mechanical treatment, e.g. mechanico-chemical polishing
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/18Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L31/186Particular post-treatment for the devices, e.g. annealing, impurity gettering, short-circuit elimination, recrystallisation
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Weting (AREA)
  • Mechanical Treatment Of Semiconductor (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开一种单晶硅片刻蚀抛光方法,该方法包括刻蚀、水洗、碱洗、水洗、酸洗、水洗以及烘干工序,其中,该碱洗工序包括抛光工序和喷淋工序,于一碱槽内进行,该碱槽内设有抛光部和喷淋部,其中,抛光部包括若干滚轮,硅片经过该抛光部时,该若干滚轮对该硅片的下表面进行抛光;喷淋部包括若干喷淋头,该硅片经过该喷淋部时,该若干喷淋头喷淋常温碱液对该硅片的上表面进行处理。本发明适用于单晶硅片刻蚀抛光工序,通过碱槽替代部分酸槽,解决了刻蚀工艺中酸雾难以治理的问题,提高了刻蚀后硅片背面的反射率,分担了仅靠刻蚀槽来提高反射率的压力,降低了酸用量的成本。

Description

单晶硅片刻蚀抛光方法
技术领域
本发明涉及太阳能电池制造领域,尤其涉及提高硅片背面反射率及均匀性的单晶硅片背面抛光方法。
背景技术
太阳能电池刻蚀抛光工艺是太阳能高效电池制造工艺中至关重要的一步,对成品电池片的电性能以及EL良率有着重大的影响,刻蚀后硅片背面反射率的均匀性决定了背钝化镀膜的均匀性,镀膜的均匀性决定了激光开孔率及大小的均匀性。因此刻蚀在整个PERC电池(钝化发射区背面电池,Passivated emitter rear contact solar cells)生产过程中起着举足轻重的作用。
酸抛是另一种较为常见的技术手段,但采用这种处理方法存在三个问题:第一,酸抛产生的高浓度的酸雾难以处理,易导致环保不达标;第二,酸抛反射率很难提高,而且稳定性差;第三,酸抛生产过程中难调节,若排风不畅造成酸雾排不出去,酸雾残留在设备内,不但腐蚀设备而且造成硅片有酸残留,做成成品电池片后EL黑斑严重,降低了成品的合格率,返工率高;第四,酸抛的成本非常大。
因此,常规刻蚀背面反射率均匀性低且不稳定,易导致背钝化镀膜均匀性差,激光打孔不均匀,转换效率偏低刻蚀;而碱抛则具有均匀性好,易调节,反射率高等优点,若能将常规刻蚀和碱抛相结合,则能够更好的提高成品电池片的转换效率。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明的目的是解决上述现有技术的不足,提供一种兼具常规刻蚀和碱抛优点的单晶硅片刻蚀抛光方法。
本发明解决上述现有技术的不足所采用的技术方案是:一种单晶硅片刻蚀抛光方法,该方法包括刻蚀、水洗、碱洗、水洗、酸洗、水洗以及烘干工序,其中,该碱洗工序包括抛光工序和喷淋工序,于碱槽内进行,该碱槽内设有抛光部和喷淋部,其中,抛光部包括若干滚轮,硅片经过该抛光部时,该若干滚轮对该硅片的下表面进行抛光;喷淋部包括若干喷淋头,该硅片经过该喷淋部时,该若干喷淋头喷淋常温碱液对该硅片的上表面进行处理。
特别地,该抛光部内储存碱溶液,调整该碱溶液的液位,控制该滚轮抛光该硅片时,该碱溶液单面接触该硅片的下表面。
特别地,该碱溶液的温度为30-70℃。
相较于现有技术,本发明的单晶硅片刻蚀抛光方法,通过碱槽替代部分酸槽,不仅可以达到现有技术中的碱槽中和残酸和去除多孔硅的目的,解决了刻蚀工艺中酸雾难以治理的问题,降低了酸用量的成本,更提高了刻蚀后硅片背面的反射率,分担了仅靠刻蚀槽来提高反射率的压力,提高成品电池片的转换效率。
附图说明
图1为本发明单晶硅片刻蚀抛光方法的碱槽的示意图。
具体实施方式
以下描述用于揭露本发明以使本领域技术人员能够实现本发明。以下描述中的优选实施例只作为举例,本领域技术人员可以想到其他显而易见的变型。在以下描述中界定的本发明的基本原理可以应用于其他实施方案、变形方案、改进方案、等同方案以及没有背离本发明的精神和范围的其他技术方案。
本发明的单晶硅片刻蚀抛光方法主要应用于碱槽,硅片在刻蚀设备里先经过刻蚀槽、水槽之后进入碱槽,本实施例的具体流程如下:
11:刻蚀;
12:水洗;
13:碱洗,依次包括抛光和喷淋;
14:水洗;
15:酸洗;
16:水洗;
17:烘干。
请参阅图1,为本发明单晶硅片刻蚀抛光方法的碱槽的示意图,如图所示,该碱槽1包括抛光部11和喷淋部12,其中,抛光部11包括若干滚轮111,硅片2沿图中箭头所示方向移动,经过该抛光部时,该若干滚轮111对该硅片2的下表面进行抛光;喷淋部12包括若干喷淋头121,该硅片2经过该喷淋部12时,该若干喷淋头121喷淋常温碱液对该硅片2的上表面进行处理。
与本实施例中,该抛光部11内储存碱溶液,调整该碱溶液的液位,控制该滚轮111抛光该硅片2时,该碱溶液单面接触该硅片2的下表面,同时该碱溶液的温度为30-70℃。
综上,本发明的单晶硅片刻蚀抛光方法,碱槽前段为抛光部分,以高温高浓度碱液对硅片下表面进行抛光;后段为碱液喷淋部分,通过喷淋常温碱液对硅片上表面进行处理。通过改造碱槽达到碱抛光的目的,抛光面均匀性好,有利于PE的膜色调控,并且对后续激光工艺段的稳定性也非常有利,故而能够达成本发明的目的。
本领域的技术人员应理解,上述描述及附图中所示的本发明的实施例只作为举例而并不限制本发明。本发明的目的已经完整并有效地实现。本发明的功能及结构原理已在实施例中展示和说明,在没有背离所述原理下,本发明的实施方式可以有任何变形或修改。

Claims (3)

1.一种单晶硅片刻蚀抛光方法,其特征在于,该方法包括刻蚀、水洗、碱洗、水洗、酸洗、水洗以及烘干工序,其中,该碱洗工序包括抛光工序和喷淋工序,于一碱槽内进行,该碱槽内设有:
抛光部,包括若干滚轮,硅片经过该抛光部时,该若干滚轮对该硅片的下表面进行抛光;
喷淋部,包括若干喷淋头,该硅片经过该喷淋部时,该若干喷淋头喷淋常温碱液对该硅片的上表面进行处理。
2.根据权利要求1所述的单晶硅片刻蚀抛光方法,其特征在于:该抛光部内储存碱溶液,调整该碱溶液的液位,控制该滚轮抛光该硅片时,该碱溶液单面接触该硅片的下表面。
3.根据权利要求2所述的单晶硅片刻蚀抛光方法,其特征在于:该碱溶液的温度为30-70℃。
CN201711286807.6A 2017-12-07 2017-12-07 单晶硅片刻蚀抛光方法 Pending CN108054093A (zh)

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH06333897A (ja) * 1993-05-20 1994-12-02 Mitsubishi Materials Shilicon Corp 半導体ウェーハのエッチングの後処理方法
CN102931282A (zh) * 2012-11-14 2013-02-13 东方电气集团(宜兴)迈吉太阳能科技有限公司 一种背面抛光硅片的制备方法
CN103361739A (zh) * 2013-07-08 2013-10-23 浙江晶科能源有限公司 一种晶硅太阳能电池生产中实施背抛光的方法
CN203312350U (zh) * 2013-07-08 2013-11-27 浙江晶科能源有限公司 一种用于晶硅太阳能电池背抛光的碱槽结构
CN104505431A (zh) * 2014-12-11 2015-04-08 东方日升新能源股份有限公司 一种减少太阳能电池片刻蚀酸用量的工艺方法
CN206505890U (zh) * 2016-10-27 2017-09-19 太极能源科技(昆山)有限公司 一种太阳能电池片刻蚀设备
CN107195706A (zh) * 2017-06-23 2017-09-22 浙江光隆能源科技股份有限公司 一种金刚线太阳能电池片的制绒工艺及扩散工艺

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH06333897A (ja) * 1993-05-20 1994-12-02 Mitsubishi Materials Shilicon Corp 半導体ウェーハのエッチングの後処理方法
CN102931282A (zh) * 2012-11-14 2013-02-13 东方电气集团(宜兴)迈吉太阳能科技有限公司 一种背面抛光硅片的制备方法
CN103361739A (zh) * 2013-07-08 2013-10-23 浙江晶科能源有限公司 一种晶硅太阳能电池生产中实施背抛光的方法
CN203312350U (zh) * 2013-07-08 2013-11-27 浙江晶科能源有限公司 一种用于晶硅太阳能电池背抛光的碱槽结构
CN104505431A (zh) * 2014-12-11 2015-04-08 东方日升新能源股份有限公司 一种减少太阳能电池片刻蚀酸用量的工艺方法
CN206505890U (zh) * 2016-10-27 2017-09-19 太极能源科技(昆山)有限公司 一种太阳能电池片刻蚀设备
CN107195706A (zh) * 2017-06-23 2017-09-22 浙江光隆能源科技股份有限公司 一种金刚线太阳能电池片的制绒工艺及扩散工艺

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