CN108052758A - The linear quality evaluating method of continuous long sharp downhill section based on braking action index - Google Patents
The linear quality evaluating method of continuous long sharp downhill section based on braking action index Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Section L points are k unit section by the linear quality evaluating method of a kind of continuous long sharp downhill section based on braking action index disclosed by the invention, (1), in each unit section the section of brake measure are taken to be considered as a subset in the unit section；(2) the braking action distance l in the length L and unit section in each unit section is calculated；(3) it is m section by section longitudinal slope i points, R points of radius of horizontal curve is n section；(4) the flat vertical combination section different with radius of horizontal curve interval division according to the longitudinal slope section in section in step (3), and calculate the judge coefficient I in each flat vertical combination section1m,nAnd I2m,n, finally obtain the judge coefficient matrix I in section1And I2；(5) the judge coefficient matrix I calculated according to step (4)1And I2, obtain the braking action exponential matrix BEI in section；Section degree of danger, braking action distance, section horizontal and vertical alignment three are established into contact, linear quality grading model is established, there is stronger adaptability.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of traffic safety, and in particular to a kind of continuous long sharp downhill section line based on braking action index
Shape quality evaluating method.
Background technology
With the constantly improve of freeway net, highway in China builds gradually deviation west area.Due to its geological conditions
Bad, landform is extremely complex, big rise and fall, and route lays difficulty, is often present with more continuous long sharp downhill section.It is continuous long
The slope segment length in descending section and it is steep, plat and profile linear index is relatively low, and ice, snow, rain, mist, heavy showers are often subject in driving conditions
The influence of unfavourable weathers condition is waited, is mountainous area highway Frequent Accidents section.The Ministry of Public Security and national security production supervision management
At the whole nation 29 that two offices supervisor that general bureau is determined administers in Dangerous Area, belong to continuous long sharp downhill section just has 16
Place, ratio are up to 55%.It can be seen that continuous long sharp downhill section traffic safety problem can not be ignored.
Correlative study shows that brake fade is one of the main reason for continuous long sharp downhill section traffic accident occurs.Vehicle
During continuous long descent run, tractive force persistently does positive work, and gravitional force constantly reduces, and changes into kinetic energy and thermal energy,
With the raising of speed, driver psychology load increases, is intended to that safer speed is taken to travel, therefore can take braking
Measure maintains the speed descending of a safety.In addition, vehicle also easily takes brake measure in the smaller circular curve of radius.Thus
As it can be seen that continuous long sharp downhill section horizontal and vertical alignment can cause driver fairly frequently to take brake measure, and then cause brake
The phenomenon that temperature raises or even generates brake fade, seriously endangers traffic safety.
At present, it is less that the research of vertical combination is put down for continuous long sharp downhill section both at home and abroad, Main Basiss automobile dynamics and
Driver's psychosoma Neo-Confucianism, traffic accident data, operating speeds model, brake drum temperature model, emulation experiment and bench test
Deng evaluating road alignment quality, achievement in research is mostly that longitudinal slope optimization design and section danger classes differentiate, is mainly used for
The safeguard technology of continuous long sharp downhill section is improved, lacks a kind of method for evaluating the linear quality of continuous long sharp downhill section.
It is tested due to real vehicle brake drum temperature and takes consumptive material and security deficiency, determined using automobile dynamics and the conservation of energy
The break drum temperature prediction model that rule and bench test are derived by indirectly, measured data is seldom, and accuracy and practicability are not
Foot, using traffic accident data to road alignment quality carry out evaluation practicability it is very strong, but traffic accident it is random, it is irreversible,
Accident statistics are incomplete.
The content of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, present invention aims at propose a kind of continuous long descending based on braking action index
The linear quality evaluating method in section from Accident-causing principle, puts down vertical combination research for continuous long sharp downhill section and provides one kind
New approaches, make up that traffic accident is random, irreversible, accident statistics are incomplete and real train test takes consumptive material and security is low
Defect, for highway route design, personnel provide reference.
To achieve these goals, the concrete scheme that uses of the present invention is：
The linear quality evaluating method of continuous long sharp downhill section based on braking action index, includes the following steps：
(1) section is divided into k unit section, the section of brake measure is taken to be considered as the unit road in each unit section
The a subset of section；
(2) the braking action distance l in the length L and unit section in each unit section is calculated, sees formula (1), (2)；
L={ L1,L2,L3,……,Lk} (1)
L={ l1,l2,l3,……,lk} (2)
(3) it is m section by section longitudinal slope i points, R points of radius of horizontal curve is n section, sees formula (3), (4)；
(4) the flat vertical combination section different with radius of horizontal curve interval division according to the longitudinal slope section in section in step (3),
And calculate the judge coefficient I in each flat vertical combination section1m,nAnd I2m,n, see formula (5)-(10), finally obtain section and judge coefficient square
Battle array I1And I2；
(5) the judge coefficient matrix I calculated according to step (4)1And I2, obtain the braking action exponential matrix in section
BEI, the relation for judging coefficient matrix and braking action exponential matrix are：
Work as I1m,nAnd I2m,nRespectively less than 10%, BEI=1, section are safe；
Work as I1m,nAnd I2m,nRespectively less than 30%, BEI=2, section are content to retain sovereignty over a part of the country complete；
Work as I1m,nAnd I2m,nRespectively less than 50%, BEI=3, section are relatively hazardous；
Work as I1m,nOr I2m,nDuring more than 50%, BEI=4, section danger.
Further, in step (1) unit section division using knick point, point of tangent to spiral, point of spiral to curve, point of curve to spiral, point of spiral to tangent as
Partitioning standards, longitudinal slope, the radius of horizontal curve in each unit section remain unchanged, and transition curve path section is considered as unit section.
Further, section directly bent corner table and the length L in longitudinal slope vertical curve table computing unit section are referred in step (2),
The data or the acceleration information of vehicle obtained using braking signal collection module in real train test calculate section braking action
Distance l.
Further, the L being calculated in step (2)1、L2、L3、……、LkIt is on longitudinal slope (i), radius of horizontal curve respectively
(R) unit road section length, l1、l2、l3、……、lkIt is on longitudinal slope (i), in the unit section of radius of horizontal curve (R) respectively
Braking action distance, l are a subsets of L.
Further, section longitudinal slope section and radius of horizontal curve section are respectively i ∈ [0, i in step (3)max]、R∈[Rmin,
9999], imaxWith RminValue it is related to section desin speed.
Further, in step (3) division in section longitudinal slope section using 1% longitudinal slope as interval, radius of horizontal curve section
Division is with the circular curve radius minimum value of code requirement, general value, the multiple being generally worth and the circular curve radius for not setting superelevation
It is partitioning standards with linear radial.
The present invention is from Accident-causing principle, the concept of introducing braking action index, as under the continuous length of evaluation
The index of the linear quality in slope section establishes linear quality grading model, and compared with prior art, the method for the present invention has following
Advantages and beneficial effects：
(1) the linear quality evaluating method of continuous long sharp downhill section proposed by the present invention is from Accident-causing principle, by road
Section degree of danger, braking action distance, section horizontal and vertical alignment three establish contact, establish linear quality grading model.
(2) the linear quality evaluating method of the continuous long sharp downhill section proposed by the present invention based on braking action index is with being based on
Automobile dynamics and driver's psychosoma Neo-Confucianism, traffic accident data, operating speeds model, brake drum temperature model, emulation experiment
And the linear Environmental Evaluation Model that bench test is established is compared, and has considered horizontal and vertical curve to braking action distance
It influences, data acquisition is simple and convenient, and model foundation process economy safety can be combined well with real road situation, have
There is very strong practicability.
(3) present invention puts down vertical combination research for continuous long sharp downhill section and provides a kind of new approaches, and achievement in research can be
Highway route design personnel provide reference.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the linear quality grading model foundation flow chart of continuous long sharp downhill section based on braking action index
Fig. 2 divides schematic diagram for unit section
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is clearly and completely described below in conjunction with embodiment, it is clear that described implementation
Example is only part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, the common skill in this field
All other embodiment that art personnel are obtained without creative efforts should all belong to the model that the present invention protects
It encloses.
The present invention is directed to the phenomenon that easy brake fade of continuous long sharp downhill section truck is so as to trigger traffic accident, is engaged in
Therefore reason principle is set out, and proposes a kind of linear quality evaluating method of continuous long sharp downhill section based on braking action index.
As shown in Figure 1, the linear quality evaluating method of continuous long sharp downhill section based on braking action index, including following step
Suddenly：
(1) it is k unit section by section L points, in each unit section the section of brake measure is taken to be considered as the unit
The a subset in section.
(2) the braking action distance l in the length L and unit section in each unit section is calculated, sees formula (1), (2).
L={ L1,L2,L3,……,Lk} (1)
L={ l1,l2,l3,……,lk} (2)
(3) it is m section by section longitudinal slope i points, R points of radius of horizontal curve is n section, sees formula (3), (4).
……
……
(4) the flat vertical combination section different with radius of horizontal curve interval division according to the longitudinal slope section in section in step (3),
And calculate the judge coefficient I in each flat vertical combination section1m,nAnd I2m,n, see formula (5)-(10), finally obtain section and judge coefficient square
Battle array I1And I2。
(5) the judge coefficient matrix I calculated according to step (4)1And I2Obtain the braking action exponential matrix BEI in section.
Judge coefficient matrix and braking action exponential matrix relation be：
Work as I1m,nAnd I2m,nRespectively less than 10%, BEI=1, section are safe；
Work as I1m,nAnd I2m,nRespectively less than 30%, BEI=2, section are content to retain sovereignty over a part of the country complete；
Work as I1m,nAnd I2m,nRespectively less than 50%, BEI=3, section are relatively hazardous；
Work as I1m,nOr I2m,nDuring more than 50%, BEI=4, section danger.
Further, in step (1) unit section division using knick point, point of tangent to spiral, point of spiral to curve, point of curve to spiral, point of spiral to tangent as
Partitioning standards, longitudinal slope, the radius of horizontal curve in each unit section remain unchanged, and transition curve path section can be considered as unit section.
Further, section directly bent corner table and the length L in longitudinal slope vertical curve table computing unit section are referred in step (2),
The data or the acceleration information of vehicle obtained using braking signal collection module in real train test calculate section braking action
Distance l.
Further, L in formula (1)1、L2、L3、……、LkIt is the unit road on longitudinal slope (i), radius of horizontal curve (R) respectively
Segment length, i ∈ [0, imax], R ∈ [Rmin, 9999], imaxWith RminValue it is related to section desin speed.
Further, formula (2) is a subset of formula (1), l in formula (2)1、l2、l3、……、lkIt is L respectively1、L2、
L3、……、LkSubset.
Further, l in formula (2)1、l2、l3、……、lkIt is the unit road on longitudinal slope (i), radius of horizontal curve (R) respectively
Section inside brake operating distance, i ∈ [0, imax], R ∈ [Rmin, 9999], imaxWith RminValue it is related to section desin speed.
Further, in step (3) division in section longitudinal slope section using 1% longitudinal slope as interval, radius of horizontal curve section
Division is with the circular curve radius minimum value of code requirement, general value, the multiple being generally worth and the circular curve radius for not setting superelevation
It is partitioning standards with linear radial.
Further, in formula (5)-(10),
Further, in step (5) braking action index BEI (Braking Effect Index, BEI) it is substantially specific
Flat vertical combination section inside brake operating distance accounts for the size of road section length ratio, and BEI is bigger, shows the section braking action distance
Longer, brake drum accumulation temperature is higher, and brake fade probability is bigger, and section is more dangerous.
The linear quality evaluating method of continuous long sharp downhill section based on braking action index, will from Accident-causing principle
Section degree of danger, braking action distance, section horizontal and vertical alignment three establish contact, establish linear quality grading model, this
It is the core of the present invention.
Below using certain southwestern highway continuous long sharp downhill section as research section, the explanation of this method is carried out, it is specific
Process is as follows：
(1) using knick point, point of tangent to spiral, point of spiral to curve, point of curve to spiral, point of spiral to tangent as partitioning standards, test section is divided into 178
A unit section, is shown in Table shown in 1, Fig. 2.
1 unit section of table divides (part)
(2) unit road section length set L and each unit section inside brake operating distance lengths sets l are respectively：
L={ 1297,83,700,117,56,289,321 ..., 392,143,34,31,65,55,60 }
L={ 60,83,160,117,565,299,321 ..., 0,143,34,31,65,55,60 }
(3) it is 80km/h to study section desin speed, with circular curve radius minimum value (250m), general value (400m), one
As be worth N times (N=2,3,4,5), do not set superelevation MINIMUM CURVE RADIUS (2500m), linear radial (9999m) is dividing regions
Between foundation, the radius of horizontal curve of test segment is divided into 7 sections, be respectively：
It is divided into 5 sections by section longitudinal slope is studied using 1% longitudinal slope as interval, is respectively：
(4) flat indulge different with radius of horizontal curve interval division according to the section longitudinal slope section of step (3) combines section, according to
The judge coefficient I in each flat vertical combination section is calculated according to formula (5)-(10)1m,nAnd I2m,n, finally obtain section and judge coefficient matrix
I1And I2。
(5) the judge coefficient matrix calculated according to step (4) and its relation with braking action index BEI, can obtain
To the BEI matrixes in research section and the danger level in different flat vertical combination sections, it is shown in Table 2.
Table 2 studies the danger level in the different flat vertical combination sections in section
The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, it is impossible to assert
The specific embodiment of the present invention is only limitted to this, for those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs, is not taking off
On the premise of from present inventive concept, several simple deduction or replace can also be made, should all be considered as belonging to the present invention by institute
Claims of submission determine scope of patent protection.
Claims (6)
1. the linear quality evaluating method of continuous long sharp downhill section based on braking action index, it is characterised in that including walking as follows
Suddenly：
(1) section is divided into k unit section, the section of brake measure is taken to be considered as the unit section in each unit section
A subset；
(2) the braking action distance l in the length L and unit section in each unit section is calculated, sees formula (1), (2)；
L={ L1,L2,L3,……,Lk} (1)
L={ l1,l2,l3,……,lk} (2)
(3) it is m section by section longitudinal slope i points, R points of radius of horizontal curve is n section, sees formula (3), (4)；
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(4) the flat vertical combination section different with radius of horizontal curve interval division according to the longitudinal slope section in section in step (3), and count
Calculate the judge coefficient I in each flat vertical combination section1m,nAnd I2m,n, see formula (5)-(10), finally obtain section and judge coefficient matrix I1
And I2；
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(5) the judge coefficient matrix I calculated according to step (4)1And I2, the braking action exponential matrix BEI in section is obtained, is commented
The relation for sentencing coefficient matrix and braking action exponential matrix is：
Work as I1m,nAnd I2m,nRespectively less than 10%, BEI=1, section are safe；
Work as I1m,nAnd I2m,nRespectively less than 30%, BEI=2, section are content to retain sovereignty over a part of the country complete；
Work as I1m,nAnd I2m,nRespectively less than 50%, BEI=3, section are relatively hazardous；
Work as I1m,nOr I2m,nDuring more than 50%, BEI=4, section danger.
2. the linear quality evaluating method of the continuous long sharp downhill section according to claim 1 based on braking action index,
It is characterized in that：In step (1) division in unit section using knick point, point of tangent to spiral, point of spiral to curve, point of curve to spiral, point of spiral to tangent as division according to
According to longitudinal slope, the radius of horizontal curve in each unit section remain unchanged, and transition curve path section is considered as unit section.
3. the linear quality evaluating method of the continuous long sharp downhill section according to claim 1 based on braking action index,
It is characterized in that：Section directly bent corner table and the length L in longitudinal slope vertical curve table computing unit section are referred in step (2), utilizes reality
The data or the acceleration information of vehicle that braking signal collection module obtains in vehicle experiment calculate section braking action distance l.
4. the linear quality evaluating method of the continuous long sharp downhill section according to claim 1 based on braking action index,
It is characterized in that：The L being calculated in step (2)1、L2、L3、……、LkBe respectively on longitudinal slope (i), radius of horizontal curve (R)
Unit road section length, l1、l2、l3、……、lkIt is on longitudinal slope (i) respectively, the unit section inside brake of radius of horizontal curve (R) is made
With distance, l is a subset of L.
5. the linear quality evaluating method of the continuous long sharp downhill section according to claim 1 based on braking action index,
It is characterized in that：Section longitudinal slope section and radius of horizontal curve section are respectively i ∈ [0, i in step (3)max]、R∈[Rmin, 9999],
imaxWith RminValue it is related to section desin speed.
6. the linear quality evaluating method of the continuous long sharp downhill section according to claim 1 based on braking action index,
It is characterized in that：The division in section longitudinal slope section is using 1% longitudinal slope as interval in step (3), the division in radius of horizontal curve section with
The circular curve radius minimum value of code requirement, general value, the multiple being generally worth and the circular curve radius and straight line for not setting superelevation
Radius is partitioning standards.
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