CN108051908B - A kind of imaging optical system - Google Patents
A kind of imaging optical system Download PDFInfo
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- CN108051908B CN108051908B CN201711251541.1A CN201711251541A CN108051908B CN 108051908 B CN108051908 B CN 108051908B CN 201711251541 A CN201711251541 A CN 201711251541A CN 108051908 B CN108051908 B CN 108051908B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to optical image technology fields, a kind of imaging optical system is disclosed, including the first off axis reflector mirror, the first lens group, DMD micro mirror array, the second off axis reflector mirror, imaging microscope group and detector, the light that target object issues is assembled through the first off axis reflector mirror, into first lens group, it images on the DMD micro mirror array, imaging beam again passes by first lens group after being reflected by the DMD micro mirror array, then after the second off axis reflector mirror collimation, into the imaging microscope group, then image on the detector.Above system is designed using the optical texture that DMD makees intermediate image plane and partial symmetry, DMD micro mirror array and detector pixel spatially one-to-one relationship is dexterously realized, to reach the processing to imaging system admission light.Using the corresponding imaging relations of DMD device and detector pixel, the gray scale of adjustable detector target surface, to expand the dynamic range of photo electric imaging system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to optical image technology field, in particular to a kind of imaging optical system.
Background technique
DMD is a kind of spatial light modulator more popular in recent years, is mainly used for the optics such as projector, target generator
System.DMD is that overturning for a micro mirrors up to a million realizes that each micro mirror can be single above by controlling it to the modulation of light intensity
Only control.By changing the data in data cell corresponding to micro mirror, the state of micro mirror can control.
Imaging sensor is generally 48~60dB as a kind of main photoelectronic imaging equipment, detectable dynamic range,
As the principal element for restricting photo electric imaging system investigative range.High dynamic range imaging technology deep space exploration, medical imaging,
There is urgent need in the fields such as military affairs observation.Under normal conditions, the software processing method of multiple exposure can be used or increase and visit
The hardware approach of device quantity is surveyed to improve the dynamic range of electro-optical system, however, the former based on the multiple exposure technique of time domain without
Method detects high speed dynamic object, and the hardware approach that the latter increases detector greatly increases the cost of system and needs a large amount of subsequent
Processing is to complete image co-registration.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to overcome conventional images dynamic range of sensor to provide the restriction of electro-optical system detection dynamic range
A kind of imaging optical system meeting the measurement of high dynamic radiation energy characteristic scene and observation demand.
To achieve the above object, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
The present invention provides a kind of imaging optical system, including the first off axis reflector mirror, the first lens group, DMD micro mirror array,
Second off axis reflector mirror, imaging microscope group and detector, the light that target object issues are assembled through the first off axis reflector mirror, are entered
First lens group images on the DMD micro mirror array, and imaging beam passes through again after being reflected by the DMD micro mirror array
First lens group is crossed, then after the second off axis reflector mirror collimation, into the imaging microscope group, then images in institute
It states on detector；
The design of the imaging optical system follows right-handed scale (R.H.scale) rule, and Z axis is systematic optical axis, and with the DMD micro mirror
The substrate normal of array coincides, and light incident direction is parallel with Z axis, is directed toward positive direction；
The first off axis reflector mirror in the off-axis mode of bore, biases, amount of bias is not small in YOZ plane along Y-direction
In the clear aperture of the first off axis reflector mirror, the second off axis reflector mirror is in XOZ plane, with the off-axis side of bore
Formula biases in X direction, and the amount of bias of the second off axis reflector mirror in X direction and the first off axis reflector mirror are along Y-direction
Amount of bias is identical, and the first off axis reflector mirror and the second off axis reflector mirror face shape parameter having the same, light is two
The optical path passed through between block off axis reflector mirror is symmetrical about the normal of the DMD micro mirror array, and described second is off-axis anti-
Penetrate mirror around the normal of the DMD micro mirror array rotate clockwise 90 ° after be overlapped with the first off axis reflector mirror.
In some embodiments, the entrance pupil of the imaging optical system is located at first off axis reflector in light beam incident direction
After mirror.
In some embodiments, the first off axis reflector mirror and the second off axis reflector mirror are the secondary song of concave surface
Face has negative power.
In some embodiments, quadric face type table of the first off axis reflector mirror and the second off axis reflector mirror
It is equal up to formula are as follows:
Wherein, Z is face type rise, and C is vertex curvature radius, and K is quadratic surface coefficient, and r is radial coordinate.
In some embodiments, first lens group is made of 4 lens set gradually, and 4 lens are ball
Face mirror, first lens group have negative power.
In some embodiments, the size of the DMD micro mirror array is 2560 × 1600,1920 × 1080 or 1024 × 768.
In some embodiments, the imaging microscope group is catadioptric configuration, including third off axis reflector mirror is arranged along optical path
With the second lens group, the third off axis reflector mirror and the first off axis reflector mirror parameter having the same, described second thoroughly
Microscope group and the first lens group parameter having the same.
In some embodiments, the imaging microscope group is coaxial catadioptric configuration, including set gradually the first lens, the
Two lens, the first reflecting mirror, the third lens, the 4th lens, the 5th lens, the 6th lens and the second reflecting mirror.
In some embodiments, the material of the first off axis reflector mirror and the second off axis reflector mirror is crystallite, melts
Quartz or silicon carbide.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: imaging optical system of the above-mentioned DMD micro mirror array as intermediate image plane utilizes
The working characteristics of DMD micro mirror array realizes the matching one by one of DMD micro mirror array Yu detector pixel, reaches adjustment detector
The purpose of image planes gray scale meets high dynamic radiation energy characteristic scene to expand the detection dynamic range of photo electric imaging system
The demand of measurement and observation can be applied to deep space exploration, medical imaging, the fields such as military affairs observation.Above-mentioned imaging optical system,
In an image planes where DMD micro mirror array, each visual field optical-modulation transfer function is all larger than 0.70 at Nyquist frequency,
It distorts close to 0.In addition, DMD micro mirror array is placed in intermediate image plane and uses partial symmetry by above-mentioned imaging optical system
Structure type realizes the replaceability of imaging microscope group, extends so that the light beam being emitted from an image planes is nearly collimated light
The applicability of imaging optical system is stated, user can select suitable imaging microscope group structure type according to actual needs.It is same with this
When, above-mentioned imaging optical system has good imaging quality, compact-sized, processing, the features such as resetting difficulty is low.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 schematically shows the optical texture schematic diagram of the imaging optical system of embodiment according to the present invention 1.
Fig. 2 schematically shows radiation direction in the optical texture of the imaging optical system of embodiment according to the present invention 1 and shows
It is intended to.
Fig. 3 is the optical texture schematic diagram according to the first lens group in the imaging optical system of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 4 is the optical-modulation transfer function curve of the intermediate image plane of the imaging optical system of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 5 is the optical-modulation transfer function curve of the secondary image planes of the imaging optical system of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 6 schematically shows the optical texture schematic diagram of the imaging optical system of embodiment according to the present invention 2.
Fig. 7 schematically shows radiation direction in the optical texture of the imaging optical system of embodiment according to the present invention 2 and shows
It is intended to.
Fig. 8 is the optical texture schematic diagram of the imaging microscope group of the imaging optical system of the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Fig. 9 is the optical-modulation transfer function curve of the secondary image planes of the imaging optical system of the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with attached drawing and specific implementation
Example, the present invention will be described in further detail.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only to explain this hair
It is bright, but not to limit the present invention.
Referring initially to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, imaging optical system 100 according to an embodiment of the invention, including first are shown
Off axis reflector mirror 110, the first lens group 120, DMD micro mirror array 130, the second off axis reflector mirror 140, imaging microscope group and detector
160.The light that target object issues is assembled through the first off axis reflector mirror 110, into the first lens group 120, images in DMD micro mirror battle array
On column 130, imaging beam again passes by the first lens group 120 after being reflected by DMD micro mirror array 130, then off-axis anti-through second
After penetrating the collimation of mirror 140, into imaging microscope group, then image on detector 160.
The design of imaging optical system 100 follows right-handed scale (R.H.scale) rule, and Z axis is systematic optical axis, and with DMD micro mirror array
130 substrate normal coincides, and light incident direction is parallel with Z axis, is directed toward positive direction.
First off axis reflector mirror 110 in the off-axis mode of bore, biases, amount of bias is not small in YOZ plane along Y-direction
In the clear aperture of the first off axis reflector mirror 110.Second off axis reflector mirror 140 is in XOZ plane, in the off-axis mode of bore,
It biases in X direction, the amount of bias of the second off axis reflector mirror 140 in X direction is with the first off axis reflector mirror 110 along the biasing of Y-direction
It measures identical.First off axis reflector mirror 110 and the face shape parameter having the same of the second off axis reflector mirror 140, light are off-axis at two pieces
The optical path passed through between reflecting mirror is symmetrical about the normal of DMD micro mirror array 130, and the second off axis reflector mirror 140 is around DMD micro mirror
The normal of array 130 is overlapped after rotating clockwise 90 ° with the first off axis reflector mirror 110.
The entrance pupil of imaging optical system 100 is located in light beam incident direction after the first off axis reflector mirror 110.
In one embodiment, the first off axis reflector mirror 110 and the second off axis reflector mirror 140 are the secondary song of concave surface
Face has negative power.Further, quadric face type of the first off axis reflector mirror 110 and the second off axis reflector mirror 140
Expression formula is equal are as follows:
Wherein, Z is face type rise, and C is vertex curvature radius, and K is quadratic surface coefficient, and r is radial coordinate.
In one embodiment, the first lens group 120 is made of 4 lens set gradually, and 4 lens are spherical surface
Mirror, the first lens group 120 have negative power.
DMD micro mirror array Unit 130 is spatially corresponded with 160 pixel of detector.The ruler of DMD micro mirror array 130
Very little can be 2560 × 1600,1920 × 1080 or 1024 × 768 equidimensions, to realize with 160 pixel array of detector
Match.
Further, in YOZ plane, light beam after the first lens group 120, on axis chief ray with systematic optical axis
About 17 ° of angles are incident on DMD micro mirror array 130, and light beam is after the reflection of DMD micro mirror array 130, and chief ray is flat in XOZ on axis
To be emitted with about 17 ° of angles of systematic optical axis in face.
Microscope group, which is imaged, has replaceability, and user can select the structure shape of suitable imaging microscope group according to actual needs
Formula extends the applicability of imaging optical system 100.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, imaging microscope group is catadioptric configuration, including third off axis reflector is arranged along optical path
Mirror 152 and the second lens group 154, third off axis reflector mirror 152 and the parameter having the same of the first off axis reflector mirror 110, second
Lens group 154 and the parameter having the same of the first lens group 120.
In Fig. 6 and embodiment shown in Fig. 7, imaging microscope group 250 is coaxial catadioptric configuration.It please also refer to Fig. 8,
Imaging microscope group 250 includes the first lens 251 set gradually, the second lens 252, the first reflecting mirror 253, the third lens 254, the
Four lens 255, the 5th lens 256, the 6th lens 257 and the second reflecting mirror 258.First lens 251, the second lens 252, first
Reflecting mirror 253, the third lens 254, the 4th lens 255, the 5th lens 256, the 6th lens 257 and the second reflecting mirror 258 are
Spherical mirror.
Further, the material of the first off axis reflector mirror 110 and the second off axis reflector mirror 140 can for crystallite, fused silica or
The common reflecting mirror material such as silicon carbide.The material of lens employed in first lens group 120 and imaging microscope group is using common
Glass.
It is below specific embodiment.
The size that the present embodiment chooses DMD micro mirror array 130 is 1920 × 1080, and 10.8 μm of single micromirror size is chosen
The resolution ratio of detector 160 is 1920 × 1080, and pixel dimension is 10.8 μm.A long-focus is devised, small relative aperture
Refraction-reflection imaging optical system 100, service band are visible light wave range, and system parameter is shown in Table 1.The imaging optical system 100
It can be considered and consist of two parts, first part is the telescopic system that enlargement ratio is -1, by the first off axis reflector mirror 110, first
Lens group 120, DMD micro mirror array 130, the second off axis reflector mirror 140 composition, second part is secondary imaging system, by being imaged
Microscope group and detector 160 form.
The design of imaging optical system is as depicted in figs. 1 and 2 in the present embodiment, it then follows right-handed scale (R.H.scale) rule, Z axis are system
Optical axis, and coincide with the substrate normal of DMD micro mirror array 130.Light incident direction is parallel with Z axis, is directed toward positive direction.
The light that target object issues is assembled through the first off axis reflector mirror 110, and into the first lens group 120, it is micro- to image in DMD
On lens array 130.Imaging beam again passes by the first lens group 120 after being reflected by DMD micro mirror array 130, off-axis anti-through second
The collimation of mirror 140 is penetrated, is ultimately imaged into imaging microscope group through its convergence on detector 160.First off axis reflector mirror 110 is with mouth
The off-axis mode of diameter biases 300mm along +Y direction in YOZ plane.First lens group 120 is made of 4 lens, is spherical surface
Fig. 2 is shown in mirror, topology layout.Light beam is after the first lens group 120, in YOZ plane, on axis chief ray with systematic optical axis
About 17 ° of angles are incident on DMD micro mirror array 130.The normal of DMD micro mirror array 130 and the angle of systematic optical axis are 12 °.Light
Beam after the reflection of DMD micro mirror array 130, on axis chief ray in XOZ plane to be emitted with about 17 ° of angles of systematic optical axis, again
By the collimation of the first lens group 120 and the second off axis reflector mirror 140, into image-forming assembly, it is ultimately imaged in detector 160
On.Second off axis reflector mirror 140 is in XOZ plane, in the off-axis mode of bore, biases 300mm along +X direction.First is off-axis anti-
Penetrating mirror 110 and the second off axis reflector mirror 140 has completely the same face shape parameter, and light is passed through between two pieces of off axis reflector mirrors
Optical path is symmetrical about the normal of DMD micro mirror array 130, normal up time of the second off axis reflector mirror 140 around DMD micro mirror array 130
Needle is overlapped after being rotated by 90 ° with the first off axis reflector mirror 110.Imaging microscope group is catadioptric configuration, including third is arranged along optical path
Off axis reflector mirror 152 and the second lens group 154.Third off axis reflector mirror 152 and the ginseng having the same of the first off axis reflector mirror 110
Number, the second lens group 154 and the parameter having the same of the first lens group 120.
In the present embodiment, intermediate image plane (primary picture of the DMD micro mirror array 130 as the imaging optical system of intermediate image plane
Face) optical-modulation transfer function curve see Fig. 4.The optical modulation of the secondary image planes of the imaging optical system of the present embodiment is transmitted
Function curve is shown in Fig. 5.
Imaging optical system parameter in 1 embodiment 1 of table
| Parameter | Numerical value |
| Service band | 0.46~0.65 μm |
| Field angle | ±0.8° |
| System focal length | 1000mm |
| F number | 5 |
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment and embodiment 1 choose identical DMD micro mirror array 230 and detector 260, imaging optical system 200
Parameter is same as Example 1, is shown in Table 1.Secondary imaging system uses coaxial catadioptric configuration, embodiment 1 is different from, with this
Illustrate that DMD micro mirror array has substitutability as the imaging microscope group in the imaging optical system of intermediate image plane, to meet difference
Use demand.
The design of imaging optical system 200 is as shown in Figure 6 in the present embodiment, it then follows right-handed scale (R.H.scale) rule, Z axis are system light
Axis, and coincide with the substrate normal of DMD micro mirror array 230.Light incident direction is parallel with Z axis, is directed toward positive direction.
The light that target object issues is assembled through the first off axis reflector mirror 210, and into the first lens group 220, it is micro- to image in DMD
On lens array 230.Imaging beam again passes by the first lens group 220 after being reflected by DMD micro mirror array 230, off-axis anti-through second
The collimation of mirror 240 is penetrated, is ultimately imaged into imaging microscope group 250 through its convergence in detector 260.First off axis reflector mirror 210 with
The off-axis mode of bore biases 300mm along +Y direction in YOZ plane.First lens group 220 is made of 4 lens, is ball
Fig. 2 is shown in face mirror, topology layout.Light beam is after the first lens group 220, in YOZ plane, on axis chief ray with system light
About 17 ° of angles of axis are incident on DMD micro mirror array 230.The normal of DMD micro mirror array 230 and the angle of systematic optical axis are 12 °.
Light beam after the reflection of DMD micro mirror array 230, on axis chief ray in XOZ plane to be emitted with about 17 ° of angles of systematic optical axis, then
The secondary collimation by the first lens group 220 and the second off axis reflector mirror 240 is ultimately imaged into image-forming assembly 250 in detector
On 260.Second off axis reflector mirror 240 is in XOZ plane, in the off-axis mode of bore, biases 300mm along +X direction.First from
Axis reflecting mirror 210 and the second off axis reflector mirror 240 have completely the same face shape parameter, and light is between two pieces of off axis reflector mirrors
, second off axis reflector mirror 240 normal around DMD micro mirror array 230 symmetrical about the normal of DMD micro mirror array 230 through optical path
It is overlapped after rotating clockwise 90 ° with the first off axis reflector mirror 210.Imaging microscope group 250 is coaxial catadioptric configuration, and structure is as schemed
Shown in 6, imaging microscope group 250 includes the first lens 251, the second lens 252, the first reflecting mirror 253, the third lens set gradually
254, the 4th lens 255, the 5th lens 256, the 6th lens 257 and the second reflecting mirror 258.First lens 251, the second lens
252, the first reflecting mirror 253, the third lens 254, the 4th lens 255, the 5th lens 256, the 6th lens 257 and the second reflecting mirror
258 be spherical mirror.
The optical-modulation transfer function curve of the secondary image planes of the imaging optical system 200 of embodiment 2 is shown in Fig. 9.
Imaging optical system of the DMD micro mirror array provided by the invention as intermediate image plane, utilizes the work of DMD micro mirror array
Make characteristic, realize the matching one by one of DMD micro mirror array Yu detector pixel, achievees the purpose that adjust detector image planes gray scale,
To expand the detection dynamic range of photo electric imaging system, meet the need of high dynamic radiation energy characteristic scene measurement and observation
It asks, can be applied to deep space exploration, medical imaging, the fields such as military affairs observation.Above-mentioned imaging optical system, in DMD micro mirror array institute
An image planes on, each visual field optical-modulation transfer function is all larger than 0.70 at Nyquist frequency, and distortion is close to 0.This
Outside, DMD micro mirror array is placed in intermediate image plane and uses the structure type of partial symmetry by above-mentioned imaging optical system, so that from
The light beam of image planes outgoing is nearly collimated light, realizes the replaceability of imaging microscope group, extends above-mentioned imaging optical system
Applicability, user can select suitable imaging microscope group structure type according to actual needs.At the same time, above-mentioned image optics
System has good imaging quality, compact-sized, and processing, resetting difficulty are low etc. a little.
The above described specific embodiments of the present invention are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention..Any basis
Any other various changes and modifications made by technical concept of the invention should be included in the guarantor of the claims in the present invention
It protects in range.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of imaging optical system, which is characterized in that including the first off axis reflector mirror, the first lens group, DMD micro mirror array,
Second off axis reflector mirror, imaging microscope group and detector, the light that target object issues are assembled through the first off axis reflector mirror, are entered
First lens group images on the DMD micro mirror array, and imaging beam passes through again after being reflected by the DMD micro mirror array
First lens group is crossed, then after the second off axis reflector mirror collimation, into the imaging microscope group, then images in institute
It states on detector；
The design of the imaging optical system follows right-handed scale (R.H.scale) rule, and Z axis is systematic optical axis, and with the DMD micro mirror array
Substrate normal coincide, light incident direction is parallel with Z axis, be directed toward positive direction；
The first off axis reflector mirror in the off-axis mode of bore, biases, amount of bias is not less than institute in YOZ plane along Y-direction
The clear aperture of the first off axis reflector mirror is stated, the second off axis reflector mirror is in XOZ plane, in the off-axis mode of bore, along X
The amount of bias of direction biasing, the amount of bias of the second off axis reflector mirror in X direction and the first off axis reflector mirror along Y-direction
Identical, the first off axis reflector mirror and the second off axis reflector mirror face shape parameter having the same, light is off-axis at two pieces
The optical path passed through between reflecting mirror is symmetrical about the normal of the DMD micro mirror array, and the second off axis reflector mirror is around described
The normal of DMD micro mirror array is overlapped after rotating clockwise 90 ° with the first off axis reflector mirror.
2. imaging optical system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the entrance pupil of the imaging optical system is located at light
In beam incident direction after the first off axis reflector mirror.
3. imaging optical system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the first off axis reflector mirror and described second
Off axis reflector mirror is the quadratic surface of concave surface, has negative power.
4. imaging optical system according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the first off axis reflector mirror and described second
Quadric face type expression formula of off axis reflector mirror is equal are as follows:
Wherein, Z is face type rise, and C is vertex curvature radius, and K is quadratic surface coefficient, and r is radial coordinate.
5. imaging optical system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that first lens group by set gradually 4
Piece lens are constituted, and 4 lens are spherical mirror, and first lens group has negative power.
6. imaging optical system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the size of the DMD micro mirror array is 2560
× 1600,1920 × 1080 or 1024 × 768.
7. imaging optical system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the imaging microscope group is catadioptric configuration,
Including the third off axis reflector mirror being arranged along optical path and the second lens group, the third off axis reflector mirror and described first off-axis anti-
Penetrate mirror parameter having the same, second lens group and the first lens group parameter having the same.
8. imaging optical system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the first off axis reflector mirror and described second
The material of off axis reflector mirror is crystallite, fused silica or silicon carbide.
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| CN110361856B (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2024-03-15 | 宁波博奥生物工程有限公司 | Secondary optical lens module for luminescence detector and luminescence detector |
| CN111240033A (en) * | 2020-02-18 | 2020-06-05 | 中国人民解放军陆军工程大学 | Multi-aperture single-detector cross view field imaging system |
| CN112083562B (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2022-09-23 | 清华大学 | Off-axis two-mirror imaging system with real exit pupil |
| CN112484857B (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2023-04-07 | 西北工业大学宁波研究院 | Spectral imaging system and method based on DMD |
| CN114488510B (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2024-03-29 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | Low-cost high-resolution active and passive single-pixel imaging optical-mechanical system |
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| CN107343130B (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2019-07-05 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | High dynamic imaging module based on DMD dynamic light splitting |
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