CN108051908A - A kind of imaging optical system - Google Patents
A kind of imaging optical system Download PDFInfo
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- CN108051908A CN108051908A CN201711251541.1A CN201711251541A CN108051908A CN 108051908 A CN108051908 A CN 108051908A CN 201711251541 A CN201711251541 A CN 201711251541A CN 108051908 A CN108051908 A CN 108051908A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B17/00—Systems with reflecting surfaces, with or without refracting elements
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- G02B17/0804—Catadioptric systems using two curved mirrors
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Abstract
The present invention relates to optical image technology fields, a kind of imaging optical system is disclosed, including the first off axis reflector mirror, the first lens group, DMD micro mirror arrays, the second off axis reflector mirror, imaging microscope group and detector, the light that target object is sent is assembled through the first off axis reflector mirror, into first lens group, it images on the DMD micro mirror arrays, imaging beam again passes by first lens group after being reflected by the DMD micro mirror arrays, then after the second off axis reflector mirror collimation, into the imaging microscope group, then image on the detector.The optical texture that above system makees intermediate image plane and partial symmetry using DMD designs, and DMD micro mirror arrays and detector pixel spatially one-to-one relation is dexterously realized, so as to reach the processing to imaging system admission light.Using DMD device and the corresponding imaging relations of detector pixel, the gray scale of detector target surface can be adjusted, so as to expand the dynamic range of photo electric imaging system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to optical image technology field, more particularly to a kind of imaging optical system.
Background technology
DMD is a kind of spatial light modulator more popular in recent years, is mainly used for the optics such as projecting apparatus, target generator
System.DMD is by the way that the overturning of a micro mirrors up to a million above it is controlled to realize that each micro mirror can be single to the modulation of light intensity
Only control.By changing the data in the data cell corresponding to micro mirror, the state of micro mirror can be controlled.
Imaging sensor is generally 48~60dB as a kind of main photoelectronic imaging equipment, detectable dynamic range,
As the principal element for restricting photo electric imaging system investigative range.High dynamic range imaging technology survey of deep space, medical imaging,
There is urgent need in the fields such as military affairs observation.Under normal conditions, the software processing method of multiexposure, multiple exposure can be used or increase and visit
The hardware approach for surveying device quantity improves the dynamic range of electro-optical system, however, the former based on the multiple exposure technique of time domain without
Method detects high speed dynamic object, and the hardware approach that the latter increases detector greatly increases the cost of system and needs substantial amounts of subsequent
It handles to complete image co-registration.
The content of the invention
It is contemplated that overcoming restriction of the conventional images dynamic range of sensor to electro-optical system detection dynamic range, provide
A kind of imaging optical system for meeting the measurement of high dynamic radiation energy characteristic scene and observation demand.
To achieve the above object, the present invention uses following technical scheme：
The present invention provides a kind of imaging optical system, including the first off axis reflector mirror, the first lens group, DMD micro mirror arrays,
Second off axis reflector mirror, imaging microscope group and detector, the light that target object is sent are assembled through the first off axis reflector mirror, are entered
First lens group is imaged on the DMD micro mirror arrays, and imaging beam passes through again after being reflected by the DMD micro mirror arrays
First lens group is crossed, then after the second off axis reflector mirror collimation, into the imaging microscope group, then images in institute
It states on detector；
The design of the imaging optical system follows right-handed scale (R.H.scale) rule, and Z axis is systematic optical axis, and with the DMD micro mirrors
The substrate normal of array coincides, and light incident direction is parallel with Z axis, is directed toward positive direction；
The first off axis reflector mirror in a manner that bore is off-axis, biases, amount of bias is not small in YOZ planes along Y-direction
In the clear aperture of the first off axis reflector mirror, the second off axis reflector mirror is in XOZ planes, with the off-axis side of bore
Formula biases in X direction, and the amount of bias of the second off axis reflector mirror in X direction and the first off axis reflector mirror are along Y-direction
Amount of bias is identical, and the first off axis reflector mirror has identical face shape parameter with the second off axis reflector mirror, and light is two
The optical path passed through between block off axis reflector mirror is symmetrical on the normal of the DMD micro mirror arrays, and described second is off-axis anti-
Penetrate mirror around the normal of the DMD micro mirror arrays rotate clockwise 90 ° after overlap with the first off axis reflector mirror.
In some embodiments, the entrance pupil of the imaging optical system is located at first off axis reflector in light beam incident direction
After mirror.
In some embodiments, the first off axis reflector mirror and the second off axis reflector mirror are the secondary song of concave surface
Face has negative power.
In some embodiments, quadric face type table of the first off axis reflector mirror and the second off axis reflector mirror
It is up to formula：
Wherein, Z is face type rise, and C is vertex curvature radius, and K is quadratic surface coefficient, and r is radial coordinate.
In some embodiments, first lens group is made of 4 lens set gradually, and 4 lens are ball
Face mirror, first lens group have negative power.
In some embodiments, the size of the DMD micro mirror arrays is 2560 × 1600,1920 × 1080 or 1024 × 768.
In some embodiments, the imaging microscope group is catadioptric configuration, including setting the 3rd off axis reflector mirror along light path
With the second lens group, the 3rd off axis reflector mirror and the first off axis reflector mirror have identical parameter, and described second thoroughly
Microscope group and first lens group have identical parameter.
In some embodiments, the imaging microscope group is coaxial catadioptric configuration, including set gradually the first lens, the
Two lens, the first speculum, the 3rd lens, the 4th lens, the 5th lens, the 6th lens and the second speculum.
In some embodiments, the material of the first off axis reflector mirror and the second off axis reflector mirror is crystallite, melts
Quartz or carborundum.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：Imaging optical system of the above-mentioned DMD micro mirror arrays as intermediate image plane utilizes
The working characteristics of DMD micro mirror arrays realizes the matching one by one of DMD micro mirror arrays and detector pixel, reaches adjustment detector
The purpose of image planes gray scale so as to expand the detection dynamic range of photo electric imaging system, meets high dynamic radiation energy characteristic scene
Measurement and the demand of observation can be applied to the fields such as survey of deep space, medical imaging, military affairs observation.Above-mentioned imaging optical system,
In an image planes where DMD micro mirror arrays, each visual field optical-modulation transfer function is all higher than 0.70 at Nyquist frequencies,
It distorts close to 0.In addition, DMD micro mirror arrays are placed in intermediate image plane and employ partial symmetry by above-mentioned imaging optical system
Structure type so that the light beam from an image planes outgoing is nearly collimated light, realizes the replaceability of imaging microscope group, extends
The applicability of imaging optical system is stated, user can select suitable imaging microscope group structure type according to actual demand.It is same with this
When, above-mentioned imaging optical system has good imaging quality, compact-sized, processing, the features such as resetting difficulty is low.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 schematically shows the optical texture schematic diagram of 1 imaging optical system according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 schematically shows radiation direction in the optical texture of 1 imaging optical system according to an embodiment of the invention and shows
It is intended to.
Fig. 3 is the optical texture schematic diagram of the first lens group in the imaging optical system according to the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 4 is the optical-modulation transfer function curve of the intermediate image plane of the imaging optical system of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 5 is the optical-modulation transfer function curve of the secondary image planes of the imaging optical system of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 6 schematically shows the optical texture schematic diagram of 2 imaging optical system according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 7 schematically shows radiation direction in the optical texture of 2 imaging optical system according to an embodiment of the invention and shows
It is intended to.
Fig. 8 is the optical texture schematic diagram of the imaging microscope group of the imaging optical system of the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Fig. 9 is the optical-modulation transfer function curve of the secondary image planes of the imaging optical system of the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, below in conjunction with attached drawing and specific implementation
Example, the present invention will be described in further detail.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only explaining this hair
It is bright, without being construed as limiting the invention.
With reference first to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, imaging optical system 100 according to an embodiment of the invention is shown, including first
Off axis reflector mirror 110, the first lens group 120, DMD micro mirror arrays 130, the second off axis reflector mirror 140, imaging microscope group and detector
160.The light that target object is sent is assembled through the first off axis reflector mirror 110, into the first lens group 120, images in DMD micro mirror battle arrays
On row 130, imaging beam again passes by the first lens group 120 after being reflected by DMD micro mirror arrays 130, then off-axis anti-through second
After penetrating the collimation of mirror 140, into imaging microscope group, then image on detector 160.
The design of imaging optical system 100 follows right-handed scale (R.H.scale) rule, and Z axis is systematic optical axis, and with DMD micro mirror arrays
130 substrate normal coincides, and light incident direction is parallel with Z axis, is directed toward positive direction.
First off axis reflector mirror 110 in a manner that bore is off-axis, biases, amount of bias is not small in YOZ planes along Y-direction
In the clear aperture of the first off axis reflector mirror 110.Second off axis reflector mirror 140 is in XOZ planes, in a manner that bore is off-axis,
It biases in X direction, the amount of bias of the second off axis reflector mirror 140 in X direction and biasing of the first off axis reflector mirror 110 along Y-direction
It measures identical.First off axis reflector mirror 110 has identical face shape parameter with the second off axis reflector mirror 140, and light is off-axis at two pieces
The light path passed through between speculum is symmetrical on the normal of DMD micro mirror arrays 130, and the second off axis reflector mirror 140 is around DMD micro mirrors
The normal of array 130 overlaps after rotating clockwise 90 ° with the first off axis reflector mirror 110.
The entrance pupil of imaging optical system 100 is located in light beam incident direction after the first off axis reflector mirror 110.
In one embodiment, the first off axis reflector mirror 110 and the second off axis reflector mirror 140 are the secondary song of concave surface
Face has negative power.Further, quadric face type of the first off axis reflector mirror 110 and the second off axis reflector mirror 140
Expression formula is：
Wherein, Z is face type rise, and C is vertex curvature radius, and K is quadratic surface coefficient, and r is radial coordinate.
In one embodiment, the first lens group 120 is made of 4 lens set gradually, and 4 lens are spherical surface
Mirror, the first lens group 120 have negative power.
DMD micro mirror arrays Unit 130 is spatially corresponded with 160 pixel of detector.The ruler of DMD micro mirror arrays 130
Very little can be 2560 × 1600,1920 × 1080 or 1024 × 768 equidimensions, to realize with 160 pixel array of detector
Match somebody with somebody.
Further, in YOZ planes, light beam after the first lens group 120, on axis chief ray with systematic optical axis
About 17 ° of angles are incided on DMD micro mirror arrays 130, and light beam is after the reflection of DMD micro mirror arrays 130, and chief ray is put down in XOZ on axis
To be emitted with about 17 ° of angles of systematic optical axis in face.
Being imaged microscope group has replaceability, and user can select the structure shape of suitable imaging microscope group according to actual demand
Formula extends the applicability of imaging optical system 100.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, it is catadioptric configuration to be imaged microscope group, including setting the 3rd off axis reflector along light path
152 and second lens group 154 of mirror, the 3rd off axis reflector mirror 152 and the first off axis reflector mirror 110 have identical parameter, second
154 and first lens group 120 of lens group has identical parameter.
In Fig. 6 and embodiment shown in Fig. 7, imaging microscope group 250 is coaxial catadioptric configuration.It please also refer to Fig. 8,
Imaging microscope group 250 includes the first lens 251 set gradually, the second lens 252, the first speculum 253, the 3rd lens 254, the
Four lens 255, the 5th lens 256, the 6th lens 257 and the second speculum 258.First lens 251, the second lens 252, first
Speculum 253, the 3rd lens 254, the 4th lens 255, the 5th lens 256, the 6th lens 257 and the second speculum 258 are
Spherical mirror.
Further, the material of the first off axis reflector mirror 110 and the second off axis reflector mirror 140 can be crystallite, fused silica or
The common reflecting mirror material such as carborundum.The material of lens employed in first lens group 120 and imaging microscope group is using common
Glass.
It is specific embodiment below.
Embodiment 1
The size that the present embodiment chooses DMD micro mirror arrays 130 is 1920 × 1080, and single 10.8 μm of micromirror size is chosen
The resolution ratio of detector 160 is 1920 × 1080, and pixel dimension is 10.8 μm.A long-focus is devised, small relative aperture
Refraction-reflection imaging optical system 100, service band are visible light wave range, and systematic parameter is shown in Table 1.The imaging optical system 100
It can be considered and be made of two parts, first portion is the telescopic system that enlargement ratio is -1, by the first off axis reflector mirror 110, first
Lens group 120, DMD micro mirror arrays 130, the second off axis reflector mirror 140 form, and second portion is secondary imaging system, by being imaged
Microscope group and detector 160 form.
The design of imaging optical system is as depicted in figs. 1 and 2 in the present embodiment, it then follows right-handed scale (R.H.scale) rule, Z axis are system
Optical axis, and coincide with the substrate normal of DMD micro mirror arrays 130.Light incident direction is parallel with Z axis, is directed toward positive direction.
The light that target object is sent is assembled through the first off axis reflector mirror 110, and into the first lens group 120, it is micro- to image in DMD
On lens array 130.Imaging beam again passes by the first lens group 120 after being reflected by DMD micro mirror arrays 130, off-axis anti-through second
It penetrates mirror 140 to collimate, into imaging microscope group, through its convergence, be ultimately imaged on detector 160.First off axis reflector mirror 110 is with mouth
The off-axis mode in footpath biases 300mm in YOZ planes along +Y direction.First lens group 120 is made of 4 lens, is spherical surface
Fig. 2 is shown in mirror, topology layout.Light beam is after the first lens group 120, in YOZ planes, on axis chief ray with systematic optical axis
About 17 ° of angles are incided on DMD micro mirror arrays 130.The normal of DMD micro mirror arrays 130 and the angle of systematic optical axis are 12 °.Light
Beam after the reflection of DMD micro mirror arrays 130, on axis chief ray in XOZ planes to be emitted with about 17 ° of angles of systematic optical axis, again
By the first lens group 120 and the collimation of the second off axis reflector mirror 140, into image-forming assembly, it is ultimately imaged in detector 160
On.Second off axis reflector mirror 140 is in XOZ planes, and in a manner that bore is off-axis, 300mm is biased along +X direction.First is off-axis anti-
110 and second off axis reflector mirror 140 of mirror is penetrated with completely the same face shape parameter, light is passed through between two pieces of off axis reflector mirrors
Light path is symmetrical on the normal of DMD micro mirror arrays 130, and the second off axis reflector mirror 140 is around the normal up time of DMD micro mirror arrays 130
Pin overlaps after being rotated by 90 ° with the first off axis reflector mirror 110.Imaging microscope group is catadioptric configuration, including setting the 3rd along light path
152 and second lens group 154 of off axis reflector mirror.3rd off axis reflector mirror 152 and the first off axis reflector mirror 110 have identical ginseng
Number, the second lens group 154 and the first lens group 120 have identical parameter.
In the present embodiment, DMD micro mirror arrays 130 as the imaging optical system of intermediate image plane intermediate image plane (once as
Face) optical-modulation transfer function curve see Fig. 4.The optical modulation of the secondary image planes of the imaging optical system of the present embodiment is transferred
Function curve is shown in Fig. 5.
Imaging optical system parameter in 1 embodiment 1 of table
| Parameter | Numerical value |
| Service band | 0.46~0.65 μm |
| Field angle | ±0.8° |
| System focal length | 1000mm |
| F numbers | 5 |
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment chooses identical DMD micro mirror arrays 230 and detector 260, imaging optical system 200 with embodiment 1
Parameter is same as Example 1, is shown in Table 1.Secondary imaging system uses coaxial catadioptric configuration, embodiment 1 is different from, with this
Illustrate that DMD micro mirror arrays have substitutability as the imaging microscope group in the imaging optical system of intermediate image plane, to meet difference
Use demand.
The design of imaging optical system 200 is as shown in Figure 6 in the present embodiment, it then follows right-handed scale (R.H.scale) rule, Z axis are system light
Axis, and coincide with the substrate normal of DMD micro mirror arrays 230.Light incident direction is parallel with Z axis, is directed toward positive direction.
The light that target object is sent is assembled through the first off axis reflector mirror 210, and into the first lens group 220, it is micro- to image in DMD
On lens array 230.Imaging beam again passes by the first lens group 220 after being reflected by DMD micro mirror arrays 230, off-axis anti-through second
It penetrates mirror 240 to collimate, into imaging microscope group 250, through its convergence, be ultimately imaged in detector 260.First off axis reflector mirror 210 with
The off-axis mode of bore biases 300mm in YOZ planes along +Y direction.First lens group 220 is made of 4 lens, is ball
Fig. 2 is shown in face mirror, topology layout.Light beam is after the first lens group 220, in YOZ planes, on axis chief ray with system light
About 17 ° of angles of axis are incided on DMD micro mirror arrays 230.The normal of DMD micro mirror arrays 230 and the angle of systematic optical axis are 12 °.
Light beam after the reflection of DMD micro mirror arrays 230, on axis chief ray in XOZ planes to be emitted with about 17 ° of angles of systematic optical axis, then
The secondary collimation for passing through the first lens group 220 and the second off axis reflector mirror 240, into image-forming assembly 250, is ultimately imaged in detector
On 260.Second off axis reflector mirror 240 is in XOZ planes, and in a manner that bore is off-axis, 300mm is biased along +X direction.First from
210 and second off axis reflector mirror 240 of axis speculum has completely the same face shape parameter, and light is between two pieces of off axis reflector mirrors
It is symmetrical on the normal of DMD micro mirror arrays 230 through light path, the second off axis reflector mirror 240 is around the normal of DMD micro mirror arrays 230
It is overlapped after rotating clockwise 90 ° with the first off axis reflector mirror 210.Imaging microscope group 250 is coaxial catadioptric configuration, and structure is as schemed
Shown in 6, imaging microscope group 250 includes the first lens 251, the second lens 252, the first speculum 253, the 3rd lens that set gradually
254th, the 4th lens 255, the 5th lens 256, the 6th lens 257 and the second speculum 258.First lens 251, the second lens
252nd, the first speculum 253, the 3rd lens 254, the 4th lens 255, the 5th lens 256, the 6th lens 257 and the second speculum
258 be spherical mirror.
The optical-modulation transfer function curve of the secondary image planes of the imaging optical system 200 of embodiment 2 is shown in Fig. 9.
Imaging optical system of the DMD micro mirror arrays provided by the invention as intermediate image plane, utilizes the work of DMD micro mirror arrays
Make characteristic, realize the matching one by one of DMD micro mirror arrays and detector pixel, achieve the purpose that adjust detector image planes gray scale,
So as to expand the detection dynamic range of photo electric imaging system, meet the need of the measurement of high dynamic radiation energy characteristic scene and observation
It asks, can be applied to the fields such as survey of deep space, medical imaging, military affairs observation.Above-mentioned imaging optical system, in DMD micro mirror arrays institute
An image planes on, each visual field optical-modulation transfer function is all higher than 0.70 at Nyquist frequencies, distorts close to 0.This
Outside, DMD micro mirror arrays are placed in intermediate image plane and employ the structure type of partial symmetry by above-mentioned imaging optical system so that from
The light beam of image planes outgoing is nearly collimated light, realizes the replaceability of imaging microscope group, extends above-mentioned imaging optical system
Applicability, user can select suitable imaging microscope group structure type according to actual demand.At the same time, above-mentioned image optics
System has good imaging quality, compact-sized, and processing, resetting difficulty are low etc. a little.
The specific embodiment of present invention described above, is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention..Any basis
Various other corresponding changes and deformation made by the technical concept of the present invention, should be included in the guarantor of the claims in the present invention
In the range of shield.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of imaging optical system, which is characterized in that including the first off axis reflector mirror, the first lens group, DMD micro mirror arrays,
Second off axis reflector mirror, imaging microscope group and detector, the light that target object is sent are assembled through the first off axis reflector mirror, are entered
First lens group is imaged on the DMD micro mirror arrays, and imaging beam passes through again after being reflected by the DMD micro mirror arrays
First lens group is crossed, then after the second off axis reflector mirror collimation, into the imaging microscope group, then images in institute
It states on detector；
The design of the imaging optical system follows right-handed scale (R.H.scale) rule, and Z axis is systematic optical axis, and with the DMD micro mirror arrays
Substrate normal coincide, light incident direction is parallel with Z axis, be directed toward positive direction；
The first off axis reflector mirror in a manner that bore is off-axis, biases in YOZ planes along Y-direction, and amount of bias is not less than institute
The clear aperture of the first off axis reflector mirror is stated, the second off axis reflector mirror is in XOZ planes, in a manner that bore is off-axis, along X
Direction biases, the amount of bias of the second off axis reflector mirror in X direction and amount of bias of the first off axis reflector mirror along Y-direction
Identical, the first off axis reflector mirror has identical face shape parameter with the second off axis reflector mirror, and light is off-axis at two pieces
The light path passed through between speculum is symmetrical on the normal of the DMD micro mirror arrays, and the second off axis reflector mirror is around described
The normal of DMD micro mirror arrays overlaps after rotating clockwise 90 ° with the first off axis reflector mirror.
2. imaging optical system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the entrance pupil of the imaging optical system is located at light
In beam incident direction after the first off axis reflector mirror.
3. imaging optical system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the first off axis reflector mirror and described second
Off axis reflector mirror is the quadratic surface of concave surface, has negative power.
4. imaging optical system according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the first off axis reflector mirror and described second
Quadric face type expression formula of off axis reflector mirror is：
<mrow>
<mi>Z</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
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<msup>
<mi>cr</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>+</mo>
<msqrt>
<mrow>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>-</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
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<mo>+</mo>
<mi>k</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
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Wherein, Z is face type rise, and C is vertex curvature radius, and K is quadratic surface coefficient, and r is radial coordinate.
5. imaging optical system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that first lens group by set gradually 4
Piece lens are formed, and 4 lens are spherical mirror, and first lens group has negative power.
6. imaging optical system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the size of the DMD micro mirror arrays is 2560
× 1600,1920 × 1080 or 1024 × 768.
7. imaging optical system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the imaging microscope group is catadioptric configuration,
Including setting the 3rd off axis reflector mirror and the second lens group, the 3rd off axis reflector mirror and first off axis reflector along light path
Mirror has identical parameter, and second lens group and first lens group have identical parameter.
8. imaging optical system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the imaging microscope group is coaxial refraction-reflection knot
Structure, including set gradually the first lens, the second lens, the first speculum, the 3rd lens, the 4th lens, the 5th lens, the 6th
Lens and the second speculum.
9. imaging optical system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the first off axis reflector mirror and described second
The material of off axis reflector mirror is crystallite, fused silica or carborundum.
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| CN112083562A (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2020-12-15 | 清华大学 | Off-axis two-mirror imaging system with real exit pupil |
| CN112484857A (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2021-03-12 | 西北工业大学宁波研究院 | Spectral imaging system and method based on DMD |
| CN114488510A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-05-13 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | Low-cost high-resolution active and passive single-pixel imaging optical-mechanical system |
| CN114488510B (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2024-03-29 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | Low-cost high-resolution active and passive single-pixel imaging optical-mechanical system |
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