CN108046724B - Diatomite molding composition with moisture absorption function and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Diatomite molding composition with moisture absorption function and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
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- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
- C04B41/51—Metallising, e.g. infiltration of sintered ceramic preforms with molten metal
- C04B41/5116—Ag or Au
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- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/60—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only artificial stone
- C04B41/61—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/65—Coating or impregnation with inorganic materials
- C04B41/69—Metals
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- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
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Abstract
The invention relates to a diatomite molding composition with a moisture absorption function and a preparation method thereof. The added antibacterial agent is an inorganic antibacterial agent obtained by attaching silver ions to glass, and the inorganic antibacterial agent has high safety, no resistant bacteria and remarkable antibacterial effect; when the antibacterial agent is prepared, the metallic silver and the glass are uniformly mixed under the high-temperature oxygen-free condition, so that the oxidation of the metallic silver can be avoided; when the antibacterial agent is prepared, the molten mixture is placed in a low-temperature oxygen-free environment and cooled to room temperature, so that the hardness of the prepared antibacterial agent can be improved, the roughness of the surface of the antibacterial agent is increased, and the shedding phenomenon of the antibacterial agent is reduced; the tourmaline powder and the zeolite powder with a proper proportion are added to effectively excite the negative oxygen ions in the living room environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of preparation and application of diatomite-based composite materials, in particular to a diatomite molding composition with a moisture absorption function and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The diatomite is a porous biological silicalite formed by primary diagenesis after remains of ancient unicellular lower plant diatoms are stacked and deposited. The diatomite wall shell is composed of diatomite wall shells, wherein the diatomite wall shells are provided with a plurality of stages of micropores which are orderly arranged, the diatomite has the characteristics of small density, large specific surface area, good adsorbability, acid resistance, alkali resistance, insulation and the like, the unique surface structure and the excellent adsorbability are suitable for being used as an adsorbing material, and the diatomite mineral resources in China are abundant in storage amount, low in price and easy to obtain. Diatomaceous earth is made of amorphous SiO2Composition and containing a small amount of Fe2O3、CaO、MgO、Al2O3And organic impurities. Diatomaceous earth is generally light yellow or light gray in color, soft, porous and light. The main component of diatomite is silicic acid, which has the characteristics of super fiber, porous property and the like, and the ultra-fine pores of the diatomite are 5000 to 6000 times more than those of charcoal. When the humidity in the chamber rises, siliconThe ultramicro pores on the algae soil can automatically absorb the moisture in the air and store the moisture. When the moisture in the indoor air is reduced and the humidity is lowered, the diatomite can release the moisture stored in the ultramicropores. The diatomite also has the function of eliminating peculiar smell and the function of keeping indoor cleanness.
At present, enterprises use diatomite to add composite materials to manufacture various molding composition products at home and abroad, but certain limitations exist in the aspects of raw material formulas and manufacturing processes, and the application effect is influenced. The diatomite molding composition has strong moisture absorption function, so that various bacteria are easy to breed on the outer side surfaces of various products made of the diatomite molding composition, and the cleanness of the surfaces of the products made of the diatomite molding composition is not favorably kept.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide the diatomite molding composition with the moisture absorption function and the preparation method thereof, which has the advantages of simple preparation, low preparation cost and difficult bacterium breeding.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the formula is as follows: the diatomite forming composition with the moisture absorption function comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 15-20% of diatomite, 10-15% of tourmaline powder, 5-8% of zeolite powder, 3-5% of bamboo charcoal, 3-5% of an antibacterial agent, 0.1-1.0% of an acrylic resin adhesive and the balance of gypsum powder, wherein the antibacterial agent is an inorganic antibacterial agent obtained by attaching silver ions to glass.
Preferably, the particle size of the diatomite is 20-25 μm.
Preferably, the particle size of the tourmaline powder is 20-25 μm.
Preferably, the particle size of the gypsum powder is 20 to 25 μm.
Preferably, the particle size of the bamboo charcoal is 20-25 μm.
Preferably, the preparation method of the antibacterial agent comprises the steps of putting a mixture of metal silver and glass into a stirring tank at 1400-1700 ℃, completely replacing the air in the stirring tank with nitrogen, mixing and stirring for 2-4 h, taking out the mixture after stirring, putting the mixture into an oxygen-free environment at-4 ℃, cooling to room temperature, and finally crushing the mixture to 20-25 μm to obtain the antibacterial agent.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: a preparation method of a diatomite molding composition with a moisture absorption function comprises the following steps:
(1) putting diatomite, tourmaline powder, zeolite powder, bamboo charcoal and gypsum powder into a container, adding water, mixing and stirring to obtain a mixture, wherein the proportion of the water in the mixture is 7-10%;
(2) filtering the mixture in the step (1), taking filter residues and placing the filter residues into a silica gel mold for molding, and naturally drying the molded mixture to obtain a molded composition;
(3) uniformly mixing an antibacterial agent and an acrylic resin adhesive to obtain a mixture, and uniformly brushing the mixture on the surface of the molding composition to obtain a semi-finished diatomite molding composition;
(4) and (4) naturally drying the semi-finished product of the diatomite molding composition obtained in the step (3) to obtain the diatomite molding composition with the moisture absorption function.
Preferably, the mixing and stirring speed in the step (1) is 500 r/min-700 r/min.
Preferably, the step (3) of uniformly coating the mixture on the surface of the molding composition has a coating thickness of 0.15mm to 0.17 mm.
Zeolite, an ore, is a natural aluminosilicate ore that produces boiling upon firing. Has the performances of adsorptivity, ion exchange property, catalysis, acid resistance, heat resistance and the like, so the catalyst is widely used as an adsorbent, an ion exchanger and a catalyst, and can also be used for the aspects of drying and purifying gas, sewage treatment and the like.
Tourmaline is a silicate mineral with a ring structure of aluminum, iron, sodium, magnesium and lithium, which is characterized by containing boron, and is black or gray black, and has a coarse needle-shaped, bundle-shaped or radial structure. Tourmaline has special pyroelectricity and piezoelectricity, has very high far infrared radiation and anion release capacity, contains various trace elements beneficial to human health, and is widely applied to the fields of drinking water activation, air purification, sewage treatment, ceramics, building materials, daily chemical industry, electronics, textiles, health care products, beauty cosmetics and the like. Because the tourmaline has unique environment purification function, the tourmaline is combined to prepare the diatomite molding composition with the moisture absorption function, so that the diatomite molding composition has certain mechanical strength and good environment purification function.
The main chemical component of the gypsum powder is calcium sulfate hydrate. The dihydrate CaSO4.2H2O is commonly called gypsum, and the hemihydrate 2 CaSO4.H2O is called plaster of paris. The plaster powder is plastic after mixing with water, but hardens to become gypsum again soon. When the gypsum is mixed, in order to make the slurry have plasticity required by construction, the water consumption of 60% of the gypsum is required to be added. The gypsum powder has certain humidity regulation performance, and a large number of capillary pores in the gypsum product have strong adsorption capacity on water vapor in the air, so that the gypsum powder has a certain regulation effect on the indoor air humidity.
The added antibacterial agent is an inorganic antibacterial agent obtained by attaching silver ions to glass, and the inorganic antibacterial agent has high safety, no resistant bacteria and obvious antibacterial effect; when the antibacterial agent is prepared, the metal silver and the glass are uniformly mixed under the high-temperature oxygen-free condition, so that the metal silver can be prevented from being oxidized, and the antibacterial effect of the prepared antibacterial agent is improved; when the antibacterial agent is prepared, the molten mixture is placed in a low-temperature oxygen-free environment to be cooled to room temperature, and then the mixture is crushed, so that on one hand, the oxidation of metal silver can be avoided, on the other hand, the hardness of the prepared antibacterial agent can be improved, the roughness of the surface of the antibacterial agent is increased, and the shedding phenomenon of the antibacterial agent is reduced; the tourmaline powder and the zeolite powder with a proper proportion can effectively excite negative oxygen ions in the living room environment, increase the concentration of the negative ions in the air and be beneficial to the health of human bodies; the added bamboo charcoal and the diatomite have good water absorption performance, and the moisture absorption function of the diatomite molding composition can be effectively improved.
Detailed Description
The following examples may help one skilled in the art to more fully understand the present invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way.
Example 1: preparation of diatomaceous earth moulding compositions
The formula is as follows: the diatomite forming composition with the moisture absorption function comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 15% of diatomite, 10% of tourmaline powder, 5% of zeolite powder, 3% of bamboo charcoal, 3% of antibacterial agent, 0.1% of acrylic resin adhesive and the balance of gypsum powder, wherein the antibacterial agent is an inorganic antibacterial agent obtained by attaching silver ions to glass, the particle size of the diatomite is 20 microns, the particle size of the tourmaline powder is 20 microns, the particle size of the gypsum powder is 20 microns, and the particle size of the bamboo charcoal is 20 microns.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: a preparation method of a diatomite molding composition with a moisture absorption function comprises the following steps:
(1) putting diatomite, tourmaline powder, zeolite powder, bamboo charcoal and gypsum powder into a container, adding water, mixing and stirring to obtain a mixture, wherein the mixing and stirring speed is 500r/min, and the specific gravity of the water in the mixture is 7%;
(2) filtering the mixture in the step (1), taking filter residues and placing the filter residues into a silica gel mold for molding, and naturally drying the molded mixture to obtain a molded composition;
(3) uniformly mixing an antibacterial agent and an acrylic resin adhesive to obtain a mixture, and uniformly coating the mixture on the surface of the molding composition, wherein the coating thickness is 0.15mm, so as to obtain a semi-finished product of the diatomite molding composition;
(4) and (4) naturally drying the semi-finished product of the diatomite molding composition obtained in the step (3) to obtain the diatomite molding composition with the moisture absorption function.
Example 2: preparation of diatomaceous earth moulding compositions
The formula is as follows: the diatomite forming composition with the moisture absorption function comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 20% of diatomite, 15% of tourmaline powder, 8% of zeolite powder, 5% of bamboo charcoal, 5% of an antibacterial agent, 1.0% of an acrylic resin adhesive and the balance of gypsum powder, wherein the antibacterial agent is an inorganic antibacterial agent obtained by attaching silver ions to glass, the particle size of the diatomite is 25 microns, the particle size of the tourmaline powder is 25 microns, the particle size of the gypsum powder is 25 microns, and the particle size of the bamboo charcoal is 25 microns, and the antibacterial agent is prepared by putting a mixture of metal silver and glass into a stirring tank at 1700 ℃, completely replacing nitrogen with air in the stirring tank, mixing and stirring for 4 hours, taking out the mixture after stirring, putting the mixture into an anaerobic environment at-4 ℃ for cooling to room temperature, and finally crushing the mixture to 25 microns to obtain the antibacterial agent.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: a preparation method of a diatomite molding composition with a moisture absorption function comprises the following steps:
(1) putting diatomite, tourmaline powder, zeolite powder, bamboo charcoal and gypsum powder into a container, adding water, mixing and stirring to obtain a mixture, wherein the mixing and stirring speed is 700r/min, and the specific gravity of the water in the mixture is 10%;
(2) filtering the mixture in the step (1), taking filter residues and placing the filter residues into a silica gel mold for molding, and naturally drying the molded mixture to obtain a molded composition;
(3) uniformly mixing an antibacterial agent and an acrylic resin adhesive to obtain a mixture, and uniformly coating the mixture on the surface of the molding composition, wherein the coating thickness is 0.17mm, so as to obtain a semi-finished product of the diatomite molding composition;
(4) and (4) naturally drying the semi-finished product of the diatomite molding composition obtained in the step (3) to obtain the diatomite molding composition with the moisture absorption function.
Example 3: preparation of diatomaceous earth moulding compositions
The formula is as follows: the diatomite forming composition with the moisture absorption function comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the antibacterial agent is prepared by putting a mixture of metal silver and glass into a stirring tank at 1500 ℃, completely replacing air in the stirring tank with nitrogen, mixing and stirring for 3 hours, taking out the mixture after stirring, putting the mixture into an anaerobic environment at-4 ℃ for cooling to room temperature, and finally crushing the mixture to 22 mu m to obtain the antibacterial agent.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: a preparation method of a diatomite molding composition with a moisture absorption function comprises the following steps:
(1) putting diatomite, tourmaline powder, zeolite powder, bamboo charcoal and gypsum powder into a container, adding water, mixing and stirring to obtain a mixture, wherein the mixing and stirring speed is 600r/min, and the specific gravity of the water in the mixture is 8%;
(2) filtering the mixture in the step (1), taking filter residues and placing the filter residues into a silica gel mold for molding, and naturally drying the molded mixture to obtain a molded composition;
(3) uniformly mixing an antibacterial agent and an acrylic resin adhesive to obtain a mixture, and uniformly coating the mixture on the surface of the molding composition, wherein the coating thickness is 0.16mm, so as to obtain a semi-finished product of the diatomite molding composition;
(4) and (4) naturally drying the semi-finished product of the diatomite molding composition obtained in the step (3) to obtain the diatomite molding composition with the moisture absorption function.
Example 4
The formula is as follows: the diatomite forming composition with the moisture absorption function comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the antibacterial agent is prepared by putting a mixture of metal silver and glass into a stirring tank at 1500 ℃, completely replacing air in the stirring tank with nitrogen, mixing and stirring for 3 hours, taking out the mixture after stirring, putting the mixture into a normal-temperature and oxygen-free environment, cooling to room temperature, and finally crushing the mixture to 22 mu m to obtain the antibacterial agent.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: a preparation method of a diatomite molding composition with a moisture absorption function comprises the following steps:
(1) putting diatomite, tourmaline powder, zeolite powder, bamboo charcoal and gypsum powder into a container, adding water, mixing and stirring to obtain a mixture, wherein the mixing and stirring speed is 600r/min, and the specific gravity of the water in the mixture is 8%;
(2) filtering the mixture in the step (1), taking filter residues and placing the filter residues into a silica gel mold for molding, and naturally drying the molded mixture to obtain a molded composition;
(3) uniformly mixing an antibacterial agent and an acrylic resin adhesive to obtain a mixture, and uniformly coating the mixture on the surface of the molding composition, wherein the coating thickness is 0.16mm, so as to obtain a semi-finished product of the diatomite molding composition;
(4) and (4) naturally drying the semi-finished product of the diatomite molding composition obtained in the step (3) to obtain the diatomite molding composition with the moisture absorption function.
Comparative example 1
The formula is as follows: the diatomite forming composition with the moisture absorption function comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the antibacterial agent is prepared by putting a mixture of metal silver and glass into a stirring tank at 1500 ℃, completely replacing air in the stirring tank with nitrogen, mixing and stirring for 3 hours, taking out the mixture after stirring, putting the mixture into an anaerobic environment at-4 ℃ for cooling to room temperature, and finally crushing the mixture to 22 mu m to obtain the antibacterial agent.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: a preparation method of a diatomite molding composition with a moisture absorption function comprises the following steps:
(1) placing diatomite, tourmaline powder, bamboo charcoal and gypsum powder into a container, adding water, mixing and stirring to obtain a mixture, wherein the mixing and stirring speed is 600r/min, and the proportion of the water in the mixture is 8%;
(2) filtering the mixture in the step (1), taking filter residues and placing the filter residues into a silica gel mold for molding, and naturally drying the molded mixture to obtain a molded composition;
(3) uniformly mixing an antibacterial agent and an acrylic resin adhesive to obtain a mixture, and uniformly coating the mixture on the surface of the molding composition, wherein the coating thickness is 0.16mm, so as to obtain a semi-finished product of the diatomite molding composition;
(4) and (4) naturally drying the semi-finished product of the diatomite molding composition obtained in the step (3) to obtain the diatomite molding composition with the moisture absorption function.
The following table 1 shows the results of measuring the properties of the intermediate antibacterial agents and the diatomaceous earth molding compositions having moisture-absorbing function obtained in examples 1 to 4 and comparative example 1.
TABLE 1
From the results of the performance measurements of the intermediate antibacterial agents and the diatomite molding compositions having moisture absorption functions obtained in examples 1 to 4 and comparative example 1 shown above, the diatomite molding compositions having moisture absorption functions and the preparation method thereof according to the present invention have the advantages of good sterilization, strong moisture absorption effect, high negative ion yield, large surface roughness of the antibacterial agent and difficulty in falling off from the surface of the diatomite molding compositions.
Although the invention has been described in detail hereinabove with respect to a general description and specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (7)
1. The diatomite molding composition with the moisture absorption function is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 15-20% of diatomite, 10-15% of tourmaline powder, 5-8% of zeolite powder, 3-5% of bamboo charcoal, 3-5% of an antibacterial agent, 0.1-1.0% of an acrylic resin adhesive and the balance of gypsum powder, wherein the antibacterial agent is an inorganic antibacterial agent obtained by attaching silver ions to glass;
the preparation method of the antibacterial agent comprises the steps of putting a mixture of metal silver and glass into a stirring tank at 1400-1700 ℃, completely replacing air in the stirring tank with nitrogen, mixing and stirring for 2-4 hours, taking out the mixture after stirring, putting the mixture into an oxygen-free environment at-4 ℃, cooling to room temperature, and finally crushing the mixture to 20-25 mu m to obtain the antibacterial agent;
the preparation method of the diatomite molding composition with the moisture absorption function comprises the following steps:
(1) putting diatomite, tourmaline powder, zeolite powder, bamboo charcoal and gypsum powder into a container, adding water, mixing and stirring to obtain a mixture, wherein the proportion of the water in the mixture is 7-10%;
(2) filtering the mixture in the step (1), taking filter residues and placing the filter residues into a silica gel mold for molding, and naturally drying the molded mixture to obtain a molded composition;
(3) uniformly mixing an antibacterial agent and an acrylic resin adhesive to obtain a mixture, and uniformly brushing the mixture on the surface of the molding composition to obtain a semi-finished diatomite molding composition;
(4) and (4) naturally drying the semi-finished product of the diatomite molding composition obtained in the step (3) to obtain the diatomite molding composition with the moisture absorption function.
2. The diatomaceous earth molding composition having a moisture absorption function according to claim 1, wherein the diatomaceous earth has a particle size of 20 to 25 μm.
3. The diatomite molding composition with moisture absorption function as claimed in claim 1, wherein the particle size of the tourmaline powder is 20-25 μm.
4. The diatomite molding composition with moisture absorption function as claimed in claim 1, wherein the particle size of the gypsum powder is 20-25 μm.
5. The diatomite molding composition with moisture absorption function as claimed in claim 1, wherein the particle size of the bamboo charcoal is 20-25 μm.
6. The diatomite molding composition with moisture absorption function as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mixing and stirring speed in the step (1) is 500r/min to 700 r/min.
7. The diatomaceous earth molding composition having a moisture absorption function, as set forth in claim 1, wherein the step (3) of uniformly brushing the mixture on the surface of the molding composition has a brushing thickness of 0.15mm to 0.17 mm.
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