CN102335587A - Preparation method of diatomite adsorbent and product - Google Patents
Preparation method of diatomite adsorbent and product Download PDFInfo
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- CN102335587A CN102335587A CN2010102326430A CN201010232643A CN102335587A CN 102335587 A CN102335587 A CN 102335587A CN 2010102326430 A CN2010102326430 A CN 2010102326430A CN 201010232643 A CN201010232643 A CN 201010232643A CN 102335587 A CN102335587 A CN 102335587A
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Abstract
A preparation method of a diatomite adsorbent and the diatomite adsorbent prepared by the method. Diatomite is selected as a raw material in the method. The preparation technology comprises processes of raw material selection, granulation and screening, drying and sintering, cooling and packaging. According to the preparation method, glass water with a certain concentration is selected as an activator and is added into diatomite for mixing according to a certain proportion to prepare a material with a certain granularity. After being dried, the material is put into a calciner and heated to 600-750 DEG C. after insulation for 30-90 min, the material is taken out from the calciner, cooled to room temperature and sealed for packaging. The diatomite prepared by the method has good technical indexes, and its water adsorption capacity can be 4-6 times the weight of the diatomite. The product provided by the invention can greatly satisfy the requirement of users.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of diatomite adsorbant and the diatomite adsorbant of producing through this method.
Background technology
Adsorbent is the needed a kind of products in field such as drink manufacturing, wastewater treatment, Oil Production and chemical analysis, and the poisonous and harmful substance that it mainly acts on when just being to use in can adsorptive liquid makes it purified product.In chemical analysis field, the effect of adsorbent is will some tested element in the liquid be fixed on the adsorbent, places then among the analytical instrument, carries out qualitative analysis and detection by quantitative.This wherein, adsorbent just seems that as its performance of carrier of tested element very important, wherein most important performance comprise the clean level, apparent mass of adsorbance, the adsorbent self of adsorbent etc.
After diatomite was the remains accumulative deposit of unicellular rudimentary plant diatom in ancient times, what form through preliminary diagenesis a kind ofly had porous biological silicalite.It is made up of the wall shell of diatom; Micropore multistage, a large amount of, orderly arrangement is arranged on the wall shell; And characteristics such as diatomite has that density is little, specific area big, excellent adsorption, acidproof, alkaline-resisting, insulation; Its unique surface texture is suitable for as sorbing material with excellent absorption property, and Chinese diatomite mineral products resource reserve is abundant, cheap and easy to get.
Diatomite is a kind of desirable sorbent material, because himself kept the structural framework of natural diatom anatomy, main component is silica SiO
2Yet the natural diatomaceous earth particle is too tiny, must just can really give play to corresponding adsorption function through processed.Therefore in addition, the diatomaceous composition in diatomaceous kind and each place of production has nothing in common with each other, and adopts what kind of technology can make diatomaceous absorption property give play to better effect, and this is one of the scientific and technical personnel of subject of inorganic nonmetal material problem that need solve.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to be raw material with diatomite, through certain processed, makes the skeleton of natural diatomaceous earth be able to keep, and remove wherein various organic matters and soluble impurity that it is single to make it composition, and reaches higher water absorption rate.
The invention provides a kind of preparation method of diatomite adsorbant; It is raw material that this method is selected diatomite, and preparation technology comprises material choice, granulation screening, drying and sintering, cooling packing operation, selects to have certain density bath of glass as activator; Mix among joining diatomite according to a certain percentage; Produce the material with certain particle size, material is put into the calcining furnace heating and calcining to 600-750 ℃, insulation 30-90min after drying, take out air cooling then to the room temperature airtight package.
Preferably; Preparation method according to diatomite adsorbant of the present invention; Selection described in the said preparation method has certain density bath of glass and joins according to a certain percentage that mixing granulation is meant in the diatomite: bath of glass concentration is 40%-70%, and additional proportion is to add 30-50 in every double centner diatomite to rise bath of glass; The material that producing described in the said preparation method has certain particle size is meant that the raw meal particle size that makes is the 20-50 order.
The invention provides a kind of diatomite adsorbant; This diatomite adsorbant has following each item technical indicator: the diatomite adsorbant composition is respectively the diatomite adsorbant composition by mass fraction and is respectively by mass fraction: 86.44%≤SiO2≤90.54%; 1.96%≤Al2O3≤4.77%, 1.78%≤Fe2O3≤1.98%, 0.16%≤CaO≤0.28%; 0.17%≤MgO≤0.34%; 4.03%≤Na2O≤5.02%, 1.11%≤other≤1.29%, product leading indicator: color: white or canescence; Granularity: 20-50 order; Water imbibition: 450-600%; Bulk density: 0.23-0.29; Oil absorption: 80-200%; PH value: 5-7.
The specific embodiment
Diatomaceous main chemical compositions is SiO
2, it has constituted diatom shell; Next is a mineral matter, generally contains mineral such as montmorillonite, illite, kaolinite, quartz, feldspar, so Al is arranged in the chemical analysis
2O
3, Fe
2O
3, CaO, MgO, Na
2O, K
2Compositions such as O.In addition, also contain some organic matter and water in the diatomite, the color and luster and the loss on ignition of organic content influence mineral.In the diatomite mineral, common SiO
2Content highly more show that diatomaceous precision grade is high more.Diatomaceous activation is had acid activation and two kinds of methods of high-temperature activation, and suitable high-temperature activation can make the SiO in the diatomite
2Content increases.But after temperature is elevated to a certain degree, possibly cause SiO in the diatomite
2The fusion of crystal, its formed skeleton is destroyed, and surperficial equally distributed micropore is stopped up, and loses original physical arrangement of diatomite and character.
Diatomite has very strong absorption affinity and very big adsorption capacity; Because diatom shell has micropore a large amount of, that arrange in order, thereby makes diatomite have very big specific area, body contains more than 1,000 nanometer micropore; Be natural nano material, can absorb sole mass 3-4 impurity doubly.Diatomaceous main component is moisture amorphous silica.Diatomaceous surface and internal surface of hole are distributed with a large amount of diatom base, the diatom base H that in the aqueous solution, dissociates out
+, make its particle performance go out certain surperficial elecrtonegativity.So for positively charged colloidal attitude pollutant; Can make elimination of colloid stability through charge neutrality; Diatomite after the purification is different from diatom original soil; It has the particulate of whole uniformity and cleaner surface, thereby makes its specific area fully demonstrate out, makes surface characteristic reach maximum representing.Because the Si-O-Si key of diatomite some fractures of surface and the Si-O-Si key of not fracture can be realized chemisorbed with water, form band OH
-The surface absorbed layer of negative electricity group is subsequently again through the hydrogen bond adsorbed water molecule on the OH-layer; From another viewpoint, the SiO on diatomite surface
2Molecule and water effect generate H
2SiO
3, this is a kind of weak electrolyte, ionization generates SiO in water
3 2-, make the surface electronegative.Therefore, the general surface of the super-cell of producing both at home and abroad at present is electronegative, and its electric potential value is negative value.
The present invention is base-material with diatomite; With bath of glass; That is, silica gel is activator, carries out the preparation research of diatomite adsorbant; When material choice well after, through testing of the influence of factors such as main research bath of glass activator concentration, bath of glass activator level, sintering temperature, temperature retention time to the diatomite absorption property.In experimentation, determine concrete experimental program through orthogonal experiment; Adopt single factors vary experimental method; Factors such as conversion bath of glass activator concentration, bath of glass activator level, sintering temperature, temperature retention time experimentize; Final through detecting physical and chemical performance indexs such as diatomite balling ratio, sintering residue percentage, finished product water absorption rate, draw the appropriate technology condition of preparation diatomite adsorbing material.
Preparation method of the present invention comprises material choice, operations such as granulation screening, drying and sintering, cooling packing, wherein:
(1) material choice
The diatomaceous granularity that the present invention selects is a 200-250 purpose common fillers level diatomite, and its concrete composition is:
| Component | SiO 2 | Al 2O 3 | Fe 2O 3 | CaO | MgO | Na 2O | Other impurity |
| Mass percent | 88.85-93.61 | 2.27-5.53 | 2.06-2.30 | 0.19-0.32 | 0.20-0.40 | 0.10-1.24 | 1.29-1.50 |
Employed bath of glass activator is the normal commodity of selling on the market, and is fully moistening with convenient granulation in order to guarantee diatomite, can add the concentration that a certain amount of pure water makes it to be diluted to appropriateness.
(2) granulation screening
Take by weighing the diatomite material of having chosen with electronic analytical balance, add certain density bath of glass activator, diatomite and bath of glass activator are stirred afterwards the diatomite spheronizing.
Choose that the spherical diatomite of gained is raw material after the granulation, using particle diameter is that 20 orders and 50 purpose standard tests are sieved.The diatomite particle of choosing between 20 orders and 50 orders is a qualified material, supplies calcining to use.
(3) drying and calcining
With carrying out dried through the material of screening, make wherein contained humidity all obtain evaporation, and each pelletizing had certain intensity, be unlikely to broken in the moving process.
In order to guarantee the unicity of material component, the present invention adopts temperature controller control gradient resistance stove down as calciner, the material that drying is good put into heat up in the resistance furnace heating with calcine.
(4) screening packing
The material that will pass through calcining takes out calcining furnace, sieves after the cool to room temperature, makes it through the 20 orders-50 purpose granularity before the diatomite material still can keep dry after the calcining.
The material that will pass through calcining and screening is encased among the container of sealing, can sell as finished product.
Find through experiment:
(1) the bath of glass activator concentration has certain influence for diatomaceous absorption property; When the concentration of bath of glass activator reaches 40-70%; Diatomaceous absorption property is all relatively good, and when being greater than or less than this ratio, diatomaceous absorption property all can lower.And concentration also has certain influence to the diatomite balling ratio, and when concentration was very low, the diatomite powdery behind the sintering was more, is unfavorable for suction.Confirm that the bath of glass activator concentration is was the optium concentration of preparation sorbing material at 50% o'clock.
(2) the bath of glass activator level also has certain influence for diatomaceous absorption property; Wherein double centner diatomite adds 30-50 and rises the bath of glass activator and be advisable; When consumption is higher than this scope; Diatomite will be formed bulky grain, and hardness is very strong behind these bulky grain sintering, and is unfavorable to the detection of water absorbing properties.When being less than 30 liters, the diatomite balling ratio is very low, and when adding 40 liters like the every double centner sample of bath of glass activator level, effect is best.
(3) sintering temperature is also influential for diatomaceous absorption property, and extremes of temperature all is unfavorable for the diatomite sintering, and temperature is crossed high rigidity to be increased, and water imbibition is poor, and temperature is crossed the probability that low diatomite becomes powdery and become big, also is unfavorable for suction.Confirm that sintering temperature is the suitable temperature of preparation sorbing material, wherein 700 ℃ of the bests when being 600-750 ℃.
(4) temperature retention time is little for diatomaceous absorption property influence; But can see that in demonstration test temperature retention time all produces effect in the 60-90min interval, wherein be incubated 90min; The water absorbing properties of adsorbent is best, is the best temperature retention time of preparation diatomite adsorbing material.
Diatomite adsorbant each item index of making through the present invention is following:
Product composition:
| Component | SiO 2 | Al 2O 3 | Fe 2O 3 | CaO | MgO | Na 2O | Other |
| Quality % | 86.44-90.54 | 1.96-4.77 | 1.78-1.98 | 0.16-0.28 | 0.17-0.34 | 4.03-5.02 | 1.11-1.29 |
The product leading indicator:
Color: white or canescence
Granularity: 20-50 order
Water imbibition: 450-600%
Bulk density: 0.23-0.29
Oil absorption: 80-200%
PH value: 5-7
The present invention has obtained positive effect, mainly shows:
(1) the diatomite material stable performance that relies on the present invention to produce, absorption property is strong, has big porosity and specific area, and the existence of a large amount of micropores is good raw materials of water treatment absorbent in addition.
(2) pollutants in sewage complicated component, diatomite can also effectively reclaim heavy metal ion except can removing heavy metal ion wherein.
(3) diatomite can also be removed microorganism, algae, inorganic matter and the organic matter etc. in the sewage, has a wide range of applications so utilize diatomite to dispose of sewage.
(4) adsorbent of producing almost can absorb 6 times of water to own wt; And because through calcination processing; The diatomite skeleton has suitable intensity; Still can not be hydrolyzed into powder even if absorbed a lot of moisture, can guarantee enough adsorption effects, secondary pollution can not take place again destroy environment.
Test examples
This invention is implemented effectively.Concrete condition is following:
The natural diatomaceous earth of selecting for use the Changbai to produce is a raw material, and granularity is 250 orders, and its composition is following:
| Component | SiO 2 | Al 2O 3 | Fe 2O 3 | CaO | MgO | Na 2O | Other |
| Quality % | 91.41 | 3.76 | 2.11 | 0.23 | 0.29 | 0.97 | 1.23 |
In above-mentioned raw materials, adding concentration in the ratio of 40 liters of every double centners is 50% bath of glass activator, through fully mixing the back granulating and drying, calcines and sieves, and is made into finished product.
Each main technologic parameters is:
The granularity 20-50 order of granulation; 120 ℃ of sintering of baking temperature; 750 ℃ of sintered heat insulating temperature, temperature retention time 90 minutes.
The one-tenth of the diatomite adsorbant finished product of producing is grouped into by mass fraction and is respectively: SiO
2: 89.42, Al
2O
3: 3.31, Fe
2O
3: 1.65, MgO:0.27, Na
2O:4.23, other: 1.12.
Product leading indicator: color: white or canescence; Granularity: 20-50 order; Water imbibition: 490%; Bulk density: 0.28; Oil absorption: 128%; PH value: 5.90.
Claims (4)
1. the preparation method of a diatomite adsorbant; It is raw material that this method is selected diatomite, and preparation technology comprises material choice, granulation screening, drying and sintering, cooling packing operation, it is characterized in that selecting to have certain density bath of glass as activator; Mix among joining diatomite according to a certain percentage; Produce the material with certain particle size, material is put into the calcining furnace heating and calcining to 600-750 ℃, insulation 60-90min after drying, take out air cooling then to the room temperature airtight package.
2. the preparation method of diatomite adsorbant according to claim 1; It is characterized in that the selection described in the said preparation method has certain density bath of glass and joins according to a certain percentage that mixing granulation is meant in the diatomite: bath of glass concentration is 40%-70%, and additional proportion is to add 30-50 in every double centner diatomite to rise bath of glass.
3. the preparation method of diatomite adsorbant according to claim 1 is characterized in that the material that producing described in the said preparation method has a certain particle size is meant that the raw meal particle size that makes is the 20-50 order.
4. diatomite adsorbant, this diatomite adsorbant method according to claim 1 is produced gained, it is characterized in that diatomite adsorbant has following each item technical indicator:
The diatomite adsorbant composition is respectively by mass fraction: 86.44%≤SiO
2≤90.54%, 1.96%≤Al
2O
3≤4.77%, 1.78%≤Fe
2O
3≤1.98%, 0.16%≤CaO≤0.28%, 0.17%≤MgO≤0.34%, 4.03%≤Na
2O≤5.02%, 1.11%≤other≤1.29%,
The product leading indicator:
Color: white or canescence
Granularity: 20-50 order
Water imbibition: 450-600%
Bulk density: 0.23-0.29
Oil absorption: 80-200%
PH value: 5-7.
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| CN201010232643.0A CN102335587B (en) | 2010-07-21 | 2010-07-21 | The preparation method of diatomite adsorbant and product |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102641724A (en) * | 2012-05-15 | 2012-08-22 | 吉林大学 | Method for preparing efficient adsorbent from raw mineral materials containing organic mattes through carbonization |
| CN104941397A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2015-09-30 | 辛全宏 | Diatomite drying agent and production process thereof |
| CN105598155A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-05-25 | 陕西清扬环境科技有限公司 | Remediation method for soil polluted by arsenic |
| CN105746365A (en) * | 2016-03-09 | 2016-07-13 | 辛全宏 | Kieselguhr cat litter |
| CN109529762A (en) * | 2019-01-26 | 2019-03-29 | 嵊州市华力硅藻土制品有限公司 | A kind of diatomite adsorbant and preparation method thereof |
| CN113058568A (en) * | 2021-03-11 | 2021-07-02 | 佛山市华毅轩新材料有限公司 | Oil-absorbing water-repellent diatomite filter aid and preparation method and application method thereof |
| RU2804115C1 (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2023-09-26 | Юлия Александровна Убаськина | Method for producing granular sorbent |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1030365A (en) * | 1988-04-29 | 1989-01-18 | 吉林省浑江市科学技术研究所 | The method for steam treatment of diatomite support |
-
2010
- 2010-07-21 CN CN201010232643.0A patent/CN102335587B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1030365A (en) * | 1988-04-29 | 1989-01-18 | 吉林省浑江市科学技术研究所 | The method for steam treatment of diatomite support |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102641724A (en) * | 2012-05-15 | 2012-08-22 | 吉林大学 | Method for preparing efficient adsorbent from raw mineral materials containing organic mattes through carbonization |
| CN104941397A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2015-09-30 | 辛全宏 | Diatomite drying agent and production process thereof |
| CN105598155A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-05-25 | 陕西清扬环境科技有限公司 | Remediation method for soil polluted by arsenic |
| CN105746365A (en) * | 2016-03-09 | 2016-07-13 | 辛全宏 | Kieselguhr cat litter |
| CN109529762A (en) * | 2019-01-26 | 2019-03-29 | 嵊州市华力硅藻土制品有限公司 | A kind of diatomite adsorbant and preparation method thereof |
| CN113058568A (en) * | 2021-03-11 | 2021-07-02 | 佛山市华毅轩新材料有限公司 | Oil-absorbing water-repellent diatomite filter aid and preparation method and application method thereof |
| CN113058568B (en) * | 2021-03-11 | 2023-07-25 | 佛山市华毅轩新材料有限公司 | Oil-absorbing water-repellent diatomite filter aid and preparation method and application method thereof |
| RU2804115C1 (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2023-09-26 | Юлия Александровна Убаськина | Method for producing granular sorbent |
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