CN108046436B - Method and device for deeply treating ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus in wastewater by using three-dimensional artificial wetland - Google Patents
Method and device for deeply treating ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus in wastewater by using three-dimensional artificial wetland Download PDFInfo
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- CN108046436B CN108046436B CN201711380965.8A CN201711380965A CN108046436B CN 108046436 B CN108046436 B CN 108046436B CN 201711380965 A CN201711380965 A CN 201711380965A CN 108046436 B CN108046436 B CN 108046436B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2203/00—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2203/006—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage details of construction, e.g. specially adapted seals, modules, connections
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing a vertical wave-shaped stereo or transverse multilayer artificial wetland plant culture filter layer, which is erected on the water surface of a water tank, wherein the vertical wave-shaped stereo or transverse multilayer artificial wetland plant culture filter layer is made of organic materials or/and a chain net woven by at least two layers of wire nets, and floating type aquatic plants fixed on the chain net or inorganic fillers or organic materials and floating type aquatic plants arranged in a tray.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of wastewater treatment, in particular to a method for deeply treating wastewater containing ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and total phosphorus by using a three-dimensional artificial wetland mode.
Background
Along with the rapid development of the industries such as breeding, leather, chemical fertilizer, petrochemical industry and the like, the generated high ammonia nitrogen wastewater also becomes one of the industry development restriction factors; ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus in the wastewater are important substances causing water eutrophication and environmental pollution, so that algae and other microorganisms in the wastewater are propagated in a large quantity, dissolved oxygen in the water is reduced, fishes die in a large quantity, an ecological system is collapsed, and the ammonia nitrogen, the total nitrogen and the total phosphorus are one of important causes of pollution; in addition, ammonia nitrogen is corrosive to certain metals, and when sewage is recycled, the ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and total phosphorus in the regenerated water can promote the reproduction of microorganisms in water pipelines and water using equipment, so that biological scale is formed, the pipelines and the water using equipment are blocked, and the heat exchange efficiency is influenced; finally, ammonia is oxidized into nitrite under the action of nitrifying bacteria, and nitrosamine generated after the nitrite is hydrolyzed has strong carcinogenicity, thus directly threatening the health of human beings. Therefore, the economic and effective control of high-concentration ammonia, total nitrogen and total phosphorus pollution also becomes an important subject of current research of environmental protection workers, and is highly valued by the industry people.
Although the existing removal methods for nitrogen and phosphorus removal are many, for example, the ammonia nitrogen can be reduced by increasing the dissolved oxygen in a biochemical pool, the total nitrogen is not easy to degrade; the total phosphorus can be removed by adding a medicament, but the sludge production and the treatment cost are increased. Sometimes, a plurality of technologies are combined for treatment, but the technologies cannot be used for efficiently, economically and stably treating the wastewater with high ammonia nitrogen, high total nitrogen and high total phosphorus, and the processes can also bring secondary pollution problems such as sludge treatment and the like while removing nitrogen and phosphorus; the traditional artificial wetland mode is also a better solution, but the treatment capacity and efficiency are limited due to the problems of large floor area, large investment amount, poor timeliness, long treatment period, difficult operation and maintenance and serious influence by temperature, climate and region, and the effect of stable treatment cannot be achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the practical problem that high ammonia nitrogen, high total nitrogen and high total phosphorus wastewater is difficult to treat, the core of the invention is to provide a method and a treatment device for efficiently removing ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and total phosphorus in a three-dimensional constructed wetland. The method is mainly characterized in that a transverse multilayer three-dimensional constructed wetland and a longitudinal wave-shaped three-dimensional constructed wetland plant culture filter layer are erected on the sewage surface, and the problems of ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and the like in the sewage are degraded by utilizing the process that the plants capable of efficiently absorbing nitrogen and phosphorus in the plant culture filter layer are converted into the plants.
In order to solve the defects of the traditional constructed wetland and other problems that the ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus in the sewage exceed the standard or the problems of large sludge amount, high treatment cost and the like cannot be effectively solved, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the method for deeply treating ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and total phosphorus in wastewater by using the three-dimensional artificial wetland comprises the following steps:
the vertical wave-shaped three-dimensional constructed wetland plant culture filter layer is erected on the water surface of the water tank, the vertical wave-shaped three-dimensional constructed wetland plant culture filter layer is composed of a chain net woven by organic materials or/and at least two layers of metal wire nets and floating type aquatic plants fixed on the chain net, the lower end of the vertical wave-shaped three-dimensional constructed wetland plant culture filter layer horizontally and continuously penetrates through the water tank around a lower rotating roller, the upper end of the vertical wave-shaped three-dimensional constructed wetland plant culture filter layer vertically and continuously penetrates through the water tank around an upper rotating roller and a transition rotating roller at intervals and forms a closed vertical wave form capable of moving around the rotating roller, and plants containing nitrogen and phosphorus can be absorbed in the vertical wave-shaped three-dimensional constructed wetland plant culture filter layer to.
The floating aquatic plants are plants with strong adsorption capacity on ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and total phosphorus, such as duckweed, water hyacinth, microalgae and the like. The plants can absorb more than 1.2g of nitrogen source per square day, more than 0.2g of total phosphorus per square day, the acre yield of duckweed (dry weight) can reach more than 5.0 tons/year, the duckweed can be used as high-quality organic feed or can be smashed to supplement a carbon source to form circular economy, the organic material is PVC, PP, PA, PU and the like, and the wire mesh is a stainless steel wire mesh.
A three-dimensional constructed wetland device for deeply treating ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and total phosphorus in wastewater comprises a plurality of supports, a plurality of supports and a plurality of vertical wave-shaped three-dimensional constructed wetland plant culture filter layers, wherein the supports are fixed in a water tank at the lower end, the upper ends of the supports are lifted out of the top surface of the water tank, the supports are fixed in the water tank and arranged at intervals, the supports are arranged between the supports, a lower rotating roller and an upper rotating roller with adjustable height are respectively arranged on the supports at the two ends of the water tank, the upper rotating roller is arranged in the middle of the water tank, a transition rotating roller with adjustable height is arranged at the upper end of each support, one end of the upper rotating roller at the two ends of the water tank is respectively connected with a motor, the upper rotating roller, the lower rotating roller and the transition rotating roller are respectively provided with a vertical wave-shaped three-dimensional constructed wetland plant culture filter layer, the lower ends of the vertical wave-shaped, The transition rotating roller on the support is connected with the upper rotating roller on the support in the middle of the water pool to form a closed longitudinal wave shape capable of moving around the rotating roller, and the longitudinal wave shape three-dimensional artificial wetland plant culture filter layer consists of a chain net woven by organic materials or at least two layers of metal wire nets and floating aquatic plants fixed on the chain net.
The upper section of the bracket and the upper section of the support are respectively provided with an upper adjusting hole and a lower adjusting hole (which can also be set into other structures capable of adjusting the height of the upper rotating roller and the height of the transition rotating roller) which can adjust the height of the upper rotating roller and the height of the transition rotating roller, so as to adjust the size of the submerged area of the plant culture filter layer of the vertical waveform three-dimensional artificial wetland in water.
The roots of plants or algae cultivated or planted on the plant cultivation filter layer of the longitudinal waveform three-dimensional artificial wetland can be firmly attached to the plant cultivation layer through the gaps in the synthesized plant cultivation layer, so that the plant roots can grow and attach to the net belt layer, the plants convert ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus in sewage into the plants or degrade the ammonia nitrogen and the total phosphorus into gases such as NO2 and N2 through photosynthesis, and the substances such as the ammonia nitrogen and the total phosphorus in the sewage are degraded.
The operation of the longitudinal wave-shaped three-dimensional artificial wetland drives the rotating shaft through the motor to drive the plant culture layer to rotate at a certain speed, ensures that the horizontal moving speed of the plant culture layer in water is 0.3-0.5 m/s, always keeps the lower part of the plant layer immersed in sewage, is favorable for the contact of the plant layer and the sewage to ensure that the plant can adsorb nutrient components such as ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and the like.
The support and the support of the vertical wave-shaped three-dimensional artificial wetland can respectively adjust the height of the transition rotating roller of the upper rotating roller, so that the increase or reduction of the area and the covering quantity of plants of the plant culture layer is facilitated, and the depth of the plant culture layer penetrating into sewage can be adjusted, so that the sewage treatment effect is ensured.
The automatic control of the vertical wave-shaped three-dimensional artificial wetland can automatically adjust the running speed according to the water inflow and the pollutant concentration index, and keep the best treatment effect.
The second method for deeply treating ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and total phosphorus in wastewater by using the three-dimensional artificial wetland comprises the following steps:
the device comprises a plurality of layers of support frames which are different in height and are made of metal or plastic plates and stacked in multiple layers, wherein each layer of support frame is provided with a tray, a transverse multilayer three-dimensional constructed wetland plant culture filter layer and a diversion channel which enables waste water to flow in an S shape are arranged in each tray, the transverse multilayer three-dimensional constructed wetland plant culture filter layer comprises a base layer made of inorganic filler or organic material and floating aquatic plants arranged on the base layer, the inorganic filler is ceramic filler, active carbon or diatomite and the like, the organic filler is polyethylene, polypropylene, chemical fiber or rubber and the like, the transverse multilayer three-dimensional constructed wetland deep treatment device for treating ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and total phosphorus in the waste water comprises a plurality of layers of support frames which are arranged in a water tank in intervals and made of metal or plastic plates, each layer of support frame is provided with a tray, and the transverse multilayer three-dimensional constructed wetland plant culture filter layer and the diversion plate are arranged in each tray, the guide plates are arranged in a staggered and spaced mode to form an S-shaped guide channel, and the transverse multilayer three-dimensional constructed wetland plant culture filter layer is made of inorganic filler or organic materials.
The transverse multilayer three-dimensional constructed wetland adopts a multilayer superposed plant culture filter layer and mainly comprises a plant culture filter layer, a support frame, a diversion channel and other parts. And the three-dimensional artificial wetland system can be arranged in a heat-insulation greenhouse as required, and the greenhouse can collect sunlight heat and keep the temperature, the humidity and the like of the three-dimensional artificial wetland so as to ensure the optimal growing environment of plants and floras in the three-dimensional artificial wetland.
The transverse multilayer three-dimensional constructed wetland can be composed of a plurality of plant culture filter layers, and the plant culture filter layers can be made of metal, plastic and other section bars and plates. The number of layers of the wetland is determined according to the practical application condition, the height between every two layers is designed and adjusted by lighting or plant varieties, and a diversion channel is arranged in each plant cultivation filter layer to ensure that sewage can flow in an S shape (or a zigzag shape) so as to ensure that the residence time of the sewage in the plant cultivation filter layer is longest and the plants can absorb substances such as ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and the like in the sewage conveniently.
Inorganic or organic fillers with a certain height are placed in the plant culture filter layer of the transverse multilayer three-dimensional constructed wetland, one is convenient for the growth of plants, the fixation of root systems and the implantation and propagation of bacteria, and the other can ensure that sewage can contact the plant root systems and the bacterial flora to the maximum extent. The inorganic filler can be composed of inorganic fillers such as ceramic filler, active carbon, diatomite and the like, the organic filler can be composed of organic materials such as polyethylene, polypropylene, chemical fiber, rubber and the like, and the floating aquatic plants are plants with strong adsorption capacity on ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and total phosphorus such as duckweed, water hyacinth, microalgae and the like.
The heat-insulating greenhouse of the artificial wetland system can be made of transparent plastic film facilities or glass and other materials with good light transmittance and heat-insulating property, so that not only can the photosynthesis of plants be ensured to be irradiated by sunlight, but also the heat loss is ensured to be small; when the sunlight can not meet the requirements in winter, the conditioned place can supply redundant heat to the greenhouse, and the heat is locked by using the heat-preservation greenhouse, so that the temperature is increased to meet the optimal growth speed of plants and bacteria, and the nutrient substances in the sewage are consumed.
The temperature and humidity sensors are arranged in the heat-preservation greenhouse, so that the temperature, humidity, illumination intensity and other parameters of the three-dimensional artificial wetland can be monitored at any time, and the parameters can be controlled and adjusted as required, so that the optimal growth speed of plants and bacteria can be ensured, and sewage can be purified efficiently and quickly; meanwhile, the application problem is solved for the places which are not suitable for wetlands in the northern severe cold area.
Experimental data
The method can purify the sewage from the inferior five types of water quality into the ground surface 2 type water quality standard of the water source water taking point.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a longitudinal wave-shaped three-dimensional constructed wetland plant culture filter layer installed in a water tank,
FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the treatment device of the horizontal multi-layer three-dimensional constructed wetland plant culture filter layer erected in the water tank,
figure 4 is a schematic top view of the structure of figure 3,
fig. 5 is a schematic sectional structure view of B-B of fig. 4.
In the figure, the device comprises a water tank 1, a water tank I2, a support 3, an upper adjusting hole 4, a main rotating shaft 5, a motor 6, an upper rotating roller 7, a connecting rod 8, a longitudinal wave-shaped three-dimensional constructed wetland plant culture filter layer 9, a lower rotating roller 10, a support 11, a transition rotating roller 12, an auxiliary rotating shaft 13, a clear water outlet pipe 14, a lower adjusting hole 15, a water tank II 16, a support frame 17, a tray 18, water 19, a transverse multilayer three-dimensional constructed wetland plant culture filter layer 20 and a guide plate.
Detailed Description
The upper section of the bracket and the upper section of the support are respectively provided with an upper adjusting hole 3 and a lower adjusting hole 14 (which can also be set into other structures capable of adjusting the height of the upper rotating roller and the height of the transition rotating roller) which can adjust the height of the upper rotating roller and the height of the transition rotating roller, so as to adjust the size of the submerged area of the plant culture filter layer of the vertical waveform three-dimensional artificial wetland in water.
The water surface of the water tank is provided with a longitudinal waveform three-dimensional artificial wetland plant culture filter layer in a net belt shape, the longitudinal waveform three-dimensional artificial wetland plant culture filter layer consists of an organic material, at least two layers of metal wire meshes, or a chain net formed by weaving one layer of organic material and one layer of metal wire mesh and floating aquatic plants fixed on the chain net, the longitudinal waveform three-dimensional artificial wetland plant culture filter layer continuously and horizontally penetrates through the water tank from one side (the artificial wetland plant culture filter layer positioned between lower rotating rollers at two ends of the water tank) around a rotating roller, and the other side (the artificial wetland plant culture filter layer positioned between the upper end and the lower end of a bracket) vertically and continuously penetrates through the water tank at intervals, the longitudinal waveform three-dimensional artificial wetland plant culture filter layer can enable plant roots to grow and attach to the net belt layer, and nitrogen can be efficiently absorbed in the longitudinal waveform three-dimensional artificial, The phosphorus plant degrades ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and total phosphorus in the water in the process of converting ammonia nitrogen, total ammonia and total phosphorus pollutants in the wastewater into the plant.
Claims (2)
1. A method for deeply treating ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus in wastewater by using a three-dimensional artificial wetland is characterized by comprising the following steps: the vertical wave-shaped three-dimensional constructed wetland plant culture filter layer is erected on the water surface of the water tank, the vertical wave-shaped three-dimensional constructed wetland plant culture filter layer is composed of a chain net woven by organic materials or/and at least two layers of metal wire nets and floating type aquatic plants fixed on the chain net, the lower end of the vertical wave-shaped three-dimensional constructed wetland plant culture filter layer horizontally and continuously penetrates through the water tank around a lower rotating roller, the upper end of the vertical wave-shaped three-dimensional constructed wetland plant culture filter layer vertically and continuously penetrates through the water tank around an upper rotating roller and a transition rotating roller at intervals and forms a closed vertical wave form capable of moving around the rotating roller, and plants containing nitrogen and phosphorus can be absorbed in the vertical wave-shaped three-dimensional constructed wetland plant culture filter layer to.
2. The utility model provides a three-dimensional constructed wetland device of ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus in advanced treatment waste water which characterized in that: the device comprises a plurality of supports (2) with the lower ends fixed in a water tank and the upper ends lifted out of the top surface of the water tank, a plurality of supports (10) fixed in the water tank, the supports are arranged at intervals, the supports are arranged between the supports, a lower rotating roller (9) and an upper rotating roller (6) with the adjustable height are respectively arranged on the supports at the two ends of the water tank, the upper rotating roller with the adjustable height is arranged on the support in the middle of the water tank, a transition rotating roller (11) with the adjustable height is arranged at the upper end of the support, one end of the upper rotating roller at the two ends of the water tank is respectively connected with a motor (5), longitudinal waveform three-dimensional artificial wetland plant culture filter layers (8) are arranged on the upper rotating roller, the lower rotating roller and the transition rotating roller, the lower ends of the longitudinal waveform three-dimensional artificial wetland plant culture filter layers are horizontally bridged on the lower rotating rollers at the, The transition rotating roller on the support is connected with the upper rotating roller on the support in the middle of the water pool to form a closed longitudinal wave shape capable of moving around the rotating roller, and the longitudinal wave shape three-dimensional artificial wetland plant culture filter layer consists of a chain net woven by organic materials or at least two layers of metal wire nets and floating aquatic plants fixed on the chain net.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711380965.8A CN108046436B (en) | 2017-12-20 | 2017-12-20 | Method and device for deeply treating ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus in wastewater by using three-dimensional artificial wetland |
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| CN201711380965.8A CN108046436B (en) | 2017-12-20 | 2017-12-20 | Method and device for deeply treating ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus in wastewater by using three-dimensional artificial wetland |
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| CN108046436B true CN108046436B (en) | 2020-09-22 |
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| US6447681B1 (en) * | 2000-08-07 | 2002-09-10 | Kent Sea Tech Corporation | Aquaculture wastewater treatment system and method of making same |
| CN101343121B (en) * | 2008-08-15 | 2010-08-18 | 浙江大学 | Tridimensional gravity-flow type sewage processor |
| US8894849B1 (en) * | 2011-03-03 | 2014-11-25 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | Upward flow constructed wetland for treatment of water contaminated with chlorinated aliphatics |
| CN106219640A (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2016-12-14 | 蒋红娟 | A kind of method of work of dismountable sewage disposal device |
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Address after: 337200 Luxi County Industrial Park, Pingxiang, Jiangxi Patentee after: Jiangxi Boxin Environmental Protection Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 337200 Luxi County Industrial Park, Pingxiang, Jiangxi Patentee before: JIANGXI BOCENT TEC Co.,Ltd. |
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