CN108043569B - Grading crusher and crushing method - Google Patents

Grading crusher and crushing method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108043569B
CN108043569B CN201711278362.7A CN201711278362A CN108043569B CN 108043569 B CN108043569 B CN 108043569B CN 201711278362 A CN201711278362 A CN 201711278362A CN 108043569 B CN108043569 B CN 108043569B
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grading
crushing cavity
grading crushing
crushing
pulverizer
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CN108043569A (en
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张术臻
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QINGDAO HAIKE BIOTECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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QINGDAO HAIKE BIOTECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02CCRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/18Adding fluid, other than for crushing or disintegrating by fluid energy
    • B02C23/20Adding fluid, other than for crushing or disintegrating by fluid energy after crushing or disintegrating
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02CCRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/18Adding fluid, other than for crushing or disintegrating by fluid energy
    • B02C23/20Adding fluid, other than for crushing or disintegrating by fluid energy after crushing or disintegrating
    • B02C23/22Adding fluid, other than for crushing or disintegrating by fluid energy after crushing or disintegrating with recirculation of material to crushing or disintegrating zone

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
  • Cyclones (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of biological fermentation, in particular to a grading crusher and a crushing method; the grading crusher comprises two connected grading crushing systems; the crushing method comprises two steps of primary grading crushing and secondary grading crushing; the invention has the characteristics of simple equipment structure and low energy consumption, and the produced organic nitrogen source has high fineness, narrow particle size distribution and small protein denaturation, and meets the fermentation production requirements.

Description

Grading crusher and crushing method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biological fermentation, in particular to a grading crusher and a crushing method, which are suitable for grading crushing of an organic nitrogen source, such as the crushing and grading production of special cottonseed protein powder for fermentation by using dephenolized cottonseed protein as a raw material.
Background
china is a world major medicine raw material medicine production country, and raw material medicine products such as antibiotics, amino acids, vitamins and the like occupy an important position in world markets every year. The annual production total amount of antibiotic medicines in China is about 5 ten thousand tons, the production of the antibiotic raw medicines mostly adopts industrial fermentation production, and the total required amount of a required culture medium is more than 20 ten thousand tons. The yield of three large fermentation products in China is about 100 ten thousand tons, and enzyme preparations such as amylase, protease, cellulase, diastase and the like need a large amount of culture medium for fermentation production. The amino acid productivity is continuously enlarged, and the demand on the culture medium is rapidly increased.
The modernization of the fermentation industry in China (such as the application of advanced fermentation complete equipment, separation and purification equipment and the like) has been greatly advanced forward and is close to the advanced level in the world. In contrast, the production level of organic nitrogen source culture medium for industrial fermentation is far behind developed countries, and has become one of the limiting factors for the long-term stable development of the microbial fermentation industry in China. The dephenolized cottonseed protein is a high-quality raw material for producing an organic nitrogen source, and is particularly suitable for specific fermentation strains. The time, temperature and other parameters of fermentation production are strictly controlled, so that if the fineness of the culture medium product is consistent and is consistent with the fermentation period, the culture medium product can be used and exhausted most reasonably in the fermentation process, the unit consumption of the culture medium is reduced, the fermentation waste residues (water) are greatly reduced, the clean production is favorably realized, and the three-waste treatment and the environmental protection are favorably realized. In addition, the low-temperature crushing can effectively prevent the protein from deforming and the nutrition from being lost. Therefore, the cotton seed protein is used as a raw material to produce the culture medium, and the lint removal and the crushing are key technologies.
the crushing equipment in the prior art has poor grading effect, high energy consumption and large particle size distribution width of products, and can not meet the requirements of fermentation production. For example, chinese patent application 201210335520.9 discloses a hierarchical crusher, published under the number CN102836767A, published under the number 2012-12-26, which comprises a body, a crushing chamber in the body, and a crushing device disposed in the crushing chamber, wherein the crushing device is a cyclone type crushing device disposed below the crushing chamber. The invention adopts a two-stage cyclone separation system, reduces the screen, thereby not causing mechanical blockage and improving the working efficiency; and the occupied space is small, and the defects of the existing method adopting multiple groups of multi-stage opening, crushing and grading treatment are overcome.
The utility model Chinese utility model patent 201620590240.6 still provides a double-cylinder feed grinder, and its crushing barrel is total two, is located the both sides in crushing chamber respectively, and every crushing barrel is equipped with pan feeding pipe and rubbing crusher and constructs, and this technique is smashed the material dispersion respectively simultaneously in two crushing barrels, has the efficient characteristics of smashing.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a grading crusher which has the characteristics of simple equipment structure and low energy consumption, and the produced organic nitrogen source has high fineness, narrow particle size distribution and small protein denaturation and meets the fermentation production requirements. Meanwhile, the invention also provides a crushing method.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
The grading crusher comprises two connected grading crushing systems, wherein the two grading crushing systems are respectively a first grading crushing system and a second grading crushing system, a first grading crushing cavity and a feed inlet are arranged in the first grading crushing system, and a second grading crushing cavity and a discharge outlet are arranged in the second grading crushing system.
optimally, the height of the first graded crushing cavity is smaller than that of the second graded crushing cavity, and the diameter of the first graded crushing cavity is larger than that of the second graded crushing cavity.
Optimally, the height ratio of the first grading crushing cavity to the second grading crushing cavity is 1 (1.5-2), and the diameter ratio is 2 (2-3) to 1.
Optimally, a pulverizer is arranged in the first grading pulverizing system, the pulverizer is positioned below the first grading pulverizing cavity, the pulverizer is connected with a driving device, a feeding hole is formed in the pulverizer, a cold air inlet is formed in the bottom of the pulverizer, and cold air with adjustable air flow speed is vertically and upwards input into the cold air inlet; a vertical shaft with a plurality of cyclone blades is arranged in the second grading crushing cavity, and the vertical shaft is connected with a driving device.
Optimally, the first grading crushing cavity and the second grading crushing cavity are both closed cavities, and the upper end of the first grading crushing cavity is connected with the middle part of the second grading crushing cavity; the discharge port is positioned at the top end of the second grading crushing cavity, and the bottom of the second grading crushing cavity is provided with a discharge port; the discharge opening is connected with the feed inlet.
Optimally, the temperature of the cold air is-15 ℃ to 0 ℃, and the pressure is 1.05 to 1.50 atmospheric pressures.
Preferably, the first pulverizer is of the type of a cyclone pulverizer, a micronizer, a jet mill or a mechanical pulverizer.
Optimally, the diameters of the cyclone blades are gradually increased from top to bottom, the diameter ratio of the cyclone blade at the uppermost end to the cyclone blade at the lowermost end is 1 (1.5-2), and the rotating speed of the cyclone blades is 30-120 r/min.
The method for crushing the materials by adopting the crusher comprises the following steps:
The method comprises the following steps: carrying out primary grading crushing; the material enters a crusher through a feeding hole, is crushed for the first time under the blowing of cold air flow and then enters a first grading crushing cavity, the cold air flow is used for carrying out the first grading separation on the material to separate the material into coarse material and fine material, and the coarse material falls back into the crusher in the first grading crushing cavity and is crushed again;
Step two: performing secondary grading crushing; the fine materials enter a second grading crushing cavity, and are subjected to second grading separation under the rotation of the cyclone blades to be separated into materials with qualified granularity and materials with unqualified granularity; and discharging the material with qualified granularity from the discharge port for production, and after discharging the material with unqualified granularity from the discharge port, feeding the material into the pulverizer through the feed port to perform the step one again.
The first grading crushing cavity is divided into an upper part, a middle part and a lower part, the upper part and the lower part of the first grading crushing cavity are hemispherical, an opening is arranged at the lower part of the first grading crushing cavity for realizing the connection of the first grading crushing cavity and the crusher, and an opening is arranged at the upper part of the first grading crushing cavity for realizing the connection of the first grading crushing cavity and the second grading crushing cavity; the middle part of the crushing chamber is cylindrical, the diameter of the first grading crushing chamber refers to the diameter of the middle cylinder, and the height of the first grading crushing chamber refers to the height from the lower opening to the upper opening.
The second grading crushing cavity is divided into an upper end, a main body and a lower end, the upper end is a discharge hole, the lower end is a discharge hole, the main body is cylindrical, and the diameter and the height of the second grading crushing cavity refer to the diameter and the height of the cylinder of the main body.
The diameter of the cyclone blade in the present invention means the diameter of a circle formed when the cyclone blade rotates.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1, the twice differentiation integral type grading system of first adoption smashes preliminary grading in the system is smashed in first grading, further meticulous grading in the system is smashed in second grading, has reduced cooling air's quantity to help improving classification efficiency, the energy consumption reduces more than 30%, smashes effectually, and particle size distribution is narrow. The diameter of the first grading crushing cavity is large, the height of the first grading crushing cavity is small, the crushing efficiency of the crusher is high, and a large amount of materials can be crushed rapidly, so that the first grading crushing system is suitable for preliminary grading; the second grading crushing cavity has small diameter and large height, and the cyclone blades have different diameters and are suitable for fine grading.
And 2, a double wind separation system is adopted in the crushing and grading process, so that mechanical blockage caused by the adoption of a screen type grading system is avoided, and the productivity is improved. The wind power of the cold air system which is vertically upward is used as a wind power grading system, the materials are graded and separated for the first time, the coarse materials fall back and are crushed again, and meanwhile, the cold air system is beneficial to reducing the crushing temperature and ensuring that the protein is not denatured and the nutritional value is not lost. The cyclone blades are small in diameter, small in upper side and large in lower side, and are integral grading systems under the condition of the same rotating speed, the grading effect is very good, and the particle size distribution of products is narrow. The rotating speed of the cyclone blades can be adjusted according to production requirements, and products with target fineness can be collected.
3, the crushing and grading treatment in the crushing process are concentrated in the closed cavity, so that the pollution caused by dust leakage is greatly reduced. The invention overcomes the defects of low productivity, high energy consumption, large pollution and the like of a multi-group multi-stage crushing and grading treatment method. The first grading crushing cavity and the second grading crushing cavity adopt differential grading systems, the requirements on the molding proportion of the equipment are different, the design reduces the occupied area and the manufacturing cost of the equipment, and the saving production is realized.
4, the invention ensures that the produced culture medium has the advantages of high fineness, small protein denaturation and the like by adjusting equipment parameters such as the height and the diameter of the crushing cavity, the temperature and the pressure of cold air, and the diameter and the rotating speed of the cyclone blades.
5, the crushing method provided by the invention comprises two-stage grading crushing in the first step and the second step, the coarse material falls back and is crushed again in the first step, and the material with unqualified granularity is graded for the second time in the second step, so that the material is graded for two times, the utilization rate of raw materials is improved, and the crushing method is suitable for crushing and grading of a culture medium produced by an organic nitrogen source such as cottonseed protein.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a classification pulverizer provided by the present invention;
1, a feed inlet; 2, a first grading crushing cavity; 3, a second grading crushing cavity; 4, a pulverizer; 5, a driving device; 6, a cold air inlet; 7, a vertical axis; 8, discharging a material outlet; and 9, a discharge opening.
Detailed Description
The specific implementation mode of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
The grading crusher comprises two connected grading crushing systems, wherein the two grading crushing systems are respectively a first grading crushing system and a second grading crushing system, a first grading crushing cavity and a feed inlet are arranged in the first grading crushing system, and a second grading crushing cavity and a discharge outlet are arranged in the second grading crushing system.
Wherein, the height of the first graded crushing cavity is smaller than that of the second graded crushing cavity, and the diameter of the first graded crushing cavity is larger than that of the second graded crushing cavity.
wherein the height ratio of the first grading crushing cavity to the second grading crushing cavity is 1 (1.5-2), and the diameter ratio is 2-3: 1.
The first grading crushing system is internally provided with a crusher, the crusher is positioned below the first grading crushing cavity, the crusher is connected with the driving device, the feeding hole is formed in the crusher, the bottom of the crusher is provided with a cold air inlet, and cold air with adjustable air flow speed is vertically and upwards input into the cold air inlet; a vertical shaft with a plurality of cyclone blades is arranged in the second grading crushing cavity, and the vertical shaft is connected with a driving device.
The first grading crushing cavity and the second grading crushing cavity are both closed cavities, and the upper end of the first grading crushing cavity is connected with the middle part of the second grading crushing cavity; the discharge port is positioned at the top end of the second grading crushing cavity, and the bottom of the second grading crushing cavity is provided with a discharge port; the discharge opening is connected with the feed inlet.
Wherein the temperature of the cold air is-15 ℃ to 0 ℃, and the pressure is 1.05 to 1.50 atmospheric pressures.
wherein the first pulverizer is of a cyclone pulverizer, a micronizer, a jet mill or a mechanical pulverizer.
the diameter of the cyclone blades is gradually increased from top to bottom, the diameter ratio of the cyclone blades at the uppermost end to the cyclone blades at the lowermost end is 1 (1.5-2), and the rotating speed of the cyclone blades is 30-120 rpm.
The method for crushing the materials by adopting the crusher comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: carrying out primary grading crushing; the material enters a crusher through a feeding hole, is crushed for the first time under the blowing of cold air flow and then enters a first grading crushing cavity, the cold air flow is used for carrying out the first grading separation on the material to separate the material into coarse material and fine material, and the coarse material falls back into the crusher in the first grading crushing cavity and is crushed again;
Step two: performing secondary grading crushing; the fine materials enter a second grading crushing cavity, and are subjected to second grading separation under the rotation of the cyclone blades to be separated into materials with qualified granularity and materials with unqualified granularity; and discharging the material with qualified granularity from the discharge port for production, and after discharging the material with unqualified granularity from the discharge port, feeding the material into the pulverizer through the feed port to perform the step one again.
In the embodiment, the material is cottonseed protein, and the cottonseed protein powder is obtained after crushing.
Example 1
In this embodiment, the pulverizer is a cyclone pulverizer.
The height ratio of the first grading crushing cavity to the second grading crushing cavity is 1:2, and the diameter ratio is 3: 1.
The cold air inlet temperature of the pulverizer was-15 deg.C, and the pressure was 1.15 atmospheres.
The ratio of the diameter of the uppermost cyclone blade to the diameter of the lowermost cyclone blade is 1:2, and the rotating speed of the cyclone blades is 70 r/min.
Example 2
The pulverizer in this embodiment employs a jet mill.
The height ratio of the first grading crushing cavity to the second grading crushing cavity is 1:1.8, and the diameter ratio is 2.5: 1.
The cold air inlet temperature of the pulverizer was-10 deg.C, and the pressure was 1.25 atmospheres.
the diameter ratio of the uppermost cyclone blade to the lowermost cyclone blade is 1:1.8, and the rotating speed of the blades is 75 revolutions per minute.

Claims (3)

1. Hierarchical rubbing crusher, its characterized in that: the two grading crushing systems are respectively a first grading crushing system and a second grading crushing system, a first grading crushing cavity and a feeding hole are arranged in the first grading crushing system, and a second grading crushing cavity and a discharging hole are arranged in the second grading crushing system; the height of the first graded crushing cavity is smaller than that of the second graded crushing cavity, and the diameter of the first graded crushing cavity is larger than that of the second graded crushing cavity; the height ratio of the first grading crushing cavity to the second grading crushing cavity is 1 (1.5-2), and the diameter ratio is 2-3: 1; a pulverizer is arranged in the first grading crushing system, the pulverizer is positioned below the first grading crushing cavity, the pulverizer is connected with a driving device, a feeding hole is formed in the pulverizer, a cold air inlet is formed in the bottom of the pulverizer, and cold air with adjustable air flow speed is vertically and upwards input into the cold air inlet; a vertical shaft with a plurality of cyclone blades is arranged in the second grading crushing cavity, and the vertical shaft is connected with a driving device; the first grading crushing cavity and the second grading crushing cavity are both closed cavities, and the upper end of the first grading crushing cavity is connected with the middle part of the second grading crushing cavity; the discharge port is positioned at the top end of the second grading crushing cavity, and the bottom of the second grading crushing cavity is provided with a discharge port; the discharge opening is connected with the feed inlet; the temperature of the cold air is-15 ℃ to 0 ℃, and the pressure is 1.05 to 1.50 atmospheric pressures; the diameter of the cyclone blades is gradually increased from top to bottom, the diameter ratio of the cyclone blades at the uppermost end to the cyclone blades at the lowermost end is 1 (1.5-2), and the rotating speed of the cyclone blades is 30-120 r/min.
2. The classifying pulverizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the type of pulverizer is a cyclone pulverizer, a micronizer, a jet mill or a mechanical pulverizer.
3. A method of crushing material using the crusher as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
The method comprises the following steps: carrying out primary grading crushing; the material enters a crusher through a feeding hole, is crushed for the first time under the blowing of cold air flow and then enters a first grading crushing cavity, the cold air flow is used for carrying out the first grading separation on the material to separate the material into coarse material and fine material, and the coarse material falls back into the crusher in the first grading crushing cavity and is crushed again;
step two: performing secondary grading crushing; the fine materials enter a second grading crushing cavity, and are subjected to second grading separation under the rotation of the cyclone blades to be separated into materials with qualified granularity and materials with unqualified granularity; and discharging the material with qualified granularity from the discharge port for production, and after discharging the material with unqualified granularity from the discharge port, feeding the material into the pulverizer through the feed port to perform the step one again.
CN201711278362.7A 2017-12-06 2017-12-06 Grading crusher and crushing method Active CN108043569B (en)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2236892Y (en) * 1995-01-23 1996-10-09 夏光健 Multiple stage crushing and stage mill
CN2357828Y (en) * 1998-05-21 2000-01-12 李镇洋 Internal sorting loosening ultrafine pulverizer
CN2370958Y (en) * 1999-03-02 2000-03-29 宁波经济技术开发区中科三环粉体高技术公司 Double-grading wheel-type loop running colliding fluidized bed airflow mill
CN102836767A (en) * 2012-08-31 2012-12-26 李振欣 Stage pulverizer
CN204996517U (en) * 2015-08-31 2016-01-27 从光梅 Mixing arrangement is smashed to hierarchical multicomponent powder of blade
CN205684179U (en) * 2016-06-03 2016-11-16 奥格斯科技发展(北京)有限公司 A kind of Chinese medicine material crushing machine

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2236892Y (en) * 1995-01-23 1996-10-09 夏光健 Multiple stage crushing and stage mill
CN2357828Y (en) * 1998-05-21 2000-01-12 李镇洋 Internal sorting loosening ultrafine pulverizer
CN2370958Y (en) * 1999-03-02 2000-03-29 宁波经济技术开发区中科三环粉体高技术公司 Double-grading wheel-type loop running colliding fluidized bed airflow mill
CN102836767A (en) * 2012-08-31 2012-12-26 李振欣 Stage pulverizer
CN204996517U (en) * 2015-08-31 2016-01-27 从光梅 Mixing arrangement is smashed to hierarchical multicomponent powder of blade
CN205684179U (en) * 2016-06-03 2016-11-16 奥格斯科技发展(北京)有限公司 A kind of Chinese medicine material crushing machine

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