CN108037476A - A kind of method of intelligent electric energy meter failure analysis - Google Patents
A kind of method of intelligent electric energy meter failure analysis Download PDFInfo
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- CN108037476A CN108037476A CN201711278714.9A CN201711278714A CN108037476A CN 108037476 A CN108037476 A CN 108037476A CN 201711278714 A CN201711278714 A CN 201711278714A CN 108037476 A CN108037476 A CN 108037476A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R35/00—Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass
- G01R35/04—Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass of instruments for measuring time integral of power or current
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Abstract
The present invention relates to intelligent electric energy meter reliability improving environment field, and in particular to a kind of method of intelligent electric energy meter failure analysis.Failure mode, mechanism, hardness, the order of severity of structure, material, supply and demand and the manufacture craft of the component to intelligent electric energy meter of present system etc. are assessed with the probability occurred, by confirming by various method for testing and analyzing and instrument to failure phenomenon, differentiate its failure mode and failure mechanism, the reason for determining its ultimate failure, so as to provide effective foundation for the Curve guide impeller of intelligent electric energy meter, manufacturing process, working service, prevent repeating for failure, so as to step up the reliability level of intelligent electric energy meter.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to intelligent electric energy meter reliability improving environment field, and in particular to a kind of intelligent electric energy meter failure analysis
Method.
Background technology
Intelligent electric energy meter (electric energy meter) is under the requirement of State Grid Corporation of China's construction " intelligent grid ", according to national grid
Incorporated business standard Q/GDW364-2009 manufacture and design electronic electric energy meter, have electrical energy metering, data processing, in real time
Monitor, automatically control, the function such as information exchange.Whether the failure of intelligent electric energy meter is related to intelligent grid construction object can be real
It is existing.And there is presently no it is a set of can system be directed to intelligent electric energy meter failure analysis method.
The content of the invention
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a kind of method of intelligent electric energy meter failure analysis, particular technique side
Case is as follows：
A kind of method of intelligent electric energy meter failure analysis comprises the following steps：
（1）Essential information, the technical information of collection failure intelligent electric energy meter sample；
（2）Sampling preservation of taking pictures is carried out to the intelligent electric energy meter sample that failed caused by mechanical damage and environmental corrosion；
（3）Visual examination is carried out to failure intelligent electric energy meter sample；
（4）Electrical testing is carried out to failure intelligent electric energy meter sample, confirms failure mode, positioning failure pin；
（5）Stress test analysis is carried out to failure intelligent electric energy meter sample, observes the intelligent electric energy that fails under various stress conditions
The parameter of table or the variation tendency of performance；
（6）Broken a seal to failure intelligent electric energy meter sample, delamination, failure intelligent electric energy meter sample is integrally broken a seal and checks encapsulation
In internal various devices, internal shortcoming situation is observed；
（7）Failure point location is carried out to failure intelligent electric energy meter sample；
（8）To step（1）- step（7）The result of gained carries out analysis and reasoning to determine failure mechanism.
Further, the step（1）Middle essential information include operation principle, structure, material, technique, main failure mechanism,
Source, model, batch, numbering, time, place.
Further, the step（1）Middle technical information includes：
1）Specific use information：Machine failure phenomenon, abnormal environment, the state in complete machine, application circuit, failure history, failure
Ratio, crash rate and its change over time situation；
2）Specific production technology：Manufacturing condition and method.
Further, the step（3）Middle visual examination refers to：Pass through the certain micro- sem observation of naked eyes or amplification factor
The crackle of failure intelligent electric energy meter sample, pays close attention to following phenomenon：Dust, stained, insulator, shell or pin discoloration, encapsulation are split
Line, metal migration.
Further, the step（4）The instrument of middle electrical testing includes capacitance-resistance sensing tester, crystal oscillator tester, transistor figure
Show instrument, semiconductor parametric tester, oscillograph, integrated circuit test system；Test result include parameter drift or it is unqualified, open
Road, short circuit.
Further, the step（5）The stress of middle stress test analysis includes：（1）Mechanical stress：Shock and vibration, fall
Fall；（2）Electric stress：Voltage, electric current, power；（3）Environmental influence：Salt fog, humidity, temperature, mould；The stress test
The equipment of analysis includes：High temperature, low-temperature test chamber, vibration mechine, Highly Accelerated Life Test case, highly accelerated stress screeningtest
Case.
Further, the step（6）The mode in middle Kaifeng includes machinery Kaifeng, chemistry Kaifeng, laser Kaifeng.
Further, the step（6）The method of middle delamination includes（1）Chemical attack depassivation layer；（2）Plasma etching is gone
Passivation layer；（3）The reactive ion etching of fabric chip.
Further, the step（7）Described in failure point location include 3 types：（1）Non-destructive analysis, checks and loses
The component internal state of intelligent electric energy meter sample is imitated without opening or mobile nondestructive analysis；（2）Half failure analysis, retains and loses
The stateful and information of intelligent electric energy meter sample interior is imitated, the only split component sampling being honored as a queen carries out morphology observation, performance point
Analysis；（3）Destructive analysis, including physical analysis and Microanalysis, there is the internal state for the intelligent electric energy meter sample that fails
Changed.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：
The failure mode of structure, material, supply and demand and the manufacture craft of the component to intelligent electric energy meter of present system etc., machine
Reason, hardness, the order of severity with generation probability assessed, by by various method for testing and analyzing and instrument to failure phenomenon
The reason for being confirmed, differentiating its failure mode and failure mechanism, determine its ultimate failure, so that the improvement for intelligent electric energy meter
Design, manufacturing process, working service provide effective foundation, prevent repeating for failure, so as to step up intelligent electric energy meter
Reliability level.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the present invention.
Embodiment
In order to be better understood from the present invention, the invention will be further described with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
Intelligent electric energy meter, is made of measuring unit, data processing unit, communication unit, has electrical energy measurement, data processing, reality
When monitor, automatically control, the function such as information exchange.Composition structure is broadly divided into：Wire connection terminal, voltage and current sample circuit, electricity
Can metering units, data processing unit, communication unit, six big module of display unit.Intelligent electric energy meter formation base is component
And connector, component classification are broadly divided into：Electrolytic capacitor, piezoresistor, resistor, photoelectrical coupler, crystal resonant
Device, transition diode, battery, on-load switch, chip capacitor, liquid crystal display, serial communication protocol RS-485, clock core
Piece, microcontroller, computation chip, current transformer.Component quality should meet《Electric energy meter component type selecting handbook》And meet
Related specifications.The present invention to the potential chife failure models of each comprising modules of intelligent electric energy meter and weak link and boasts of one's bit of contribution electric energy
Energy, performance and the influence of long-term degradation are analyzed, and take into full account that intelligent electric energy meter triggers the basic reason and failure machine of failure
Reason, proposes the preventive and improved measures that may be taken, to improve the reliability of intelligent electric energy meter.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of method of intelligent electric energy meter failure analysis comprises the following steps：
（1）Essential information, the technical information of collection failure intelligent electric energy meter sample；Wherein, essential information includes operation principle, knot
Structure, material, technique, main failure mechanism, source, model, batch, numbering, time, place.Wherein, technical information includes：1）
Specific use information：Machine failure phenomenon, abnormal environment, the state in complete machine, application circuit, failure history, failure ratio, mistake
Efficiency and its change over time situation；2）Specific production technology：Manufacturing condition and method.
（2）Sampling preservation of taking pictures is carried out to the intelligent electric energy meter sample that failed caused by mechanical damage and environmental corrosion；
For failure phenomenon caused by mechanical damage and environmental corrosion, sampling of taking pictures need to be carried out, avoids further failing and comparing
With the explanation such as the loading that is necessary in transmission and storage, shockproof and corresponding safeguard measure.
（3）Visual examination is carried out to failure intelligent electric energy meter sample；Visual examination refers to：Pass through naked eyes or amplification factor
The crackle of certain micro- sem observation failure intelligent electric energy meter sample, pays close attention to following phenomenon：Dust, stain, insulator, shell or
Pin discoloration, encapsulation crackle, metal migration.
（4）Electrical testing is carried out to failure intelligent electric energy meter sample, confirms failure mode, positioning failure pin；Electrical testing
Instrument includes capacitance-resistance sensing tester, crystal oscillator tester, transistor graphic instrument, semiconductor parametric tester, oscillograph, integrated circuit
Test system；Test result includes parameter drift or unqualified, open circuit, short circuit.Test parameter includes：The characteristic ginseng of semiconductor
Number：Energy gap, resistivity, carrier mobility, nonequilibrium carrier lifetime, dislocation density；The parameter of inductance measurement includes
Inductance value, quality factor, distribution capacity and nominal current；The test parameter of capacitance includes the actual capacity to capacitanceC, inside deposits
Inductance componentLAnd equivalent series resistanceRDrift or unqualified, open circuit, short occur in use Deng, component parameter
Road etc..
（5）Stress test analysis is carried out to failure intelligent electric energy meter sample, observes the intelligence that fails under various stress conditions
The parameter of electric energy meter or the variation tendency of performance；The stress of stress test analysis includes：（1）Mechanical stress：Shock and vibration,
Fall；（2）Electric stress：Voltage, electric current, power；（3）Environmental influence：Salt fog, humidity, temperature, mould；The stress examination
Testing the equipment of analysis includes：High temperature, low-temperature test chamber, vibration mechine, Highly Accelerated Life Test case, highly accelerated stress screen examination
Tryoff.
（6）Broken a seal to failure intelligent electric energy meter sample, delamination, failure intelligent electric energy meter sample is integrally broken a seal and is checked
The various devices of inside are packaged in, observe internal shortcoming situation；The mode in Kaifeng includes machinery Kaifeng, chemistry breaks a seal, laser is opened
Envelope.The method of delamination includes（1）Chemical attack depassivation layer；（2）Plasma etching depassivation layer；（3）The reaction of fabric chip
Ion etching.
（7）Failure point location is carried out to failure intelligent electric energy meter sample；Failure point location includes 3 types：（1）Non-demolition
Property analysis, check the component internal state of failure intelligent electric energy meter sample without opening or mobile nondestructive analysis；（2）Half is broken
Bad analysis, retains the failure stateful and information of intelligent electric energy meter sample interior, and the only split component sampling being honored as a queen carries out shape
Looks observation, performance evaluation；（3）Destructive analysis, including physical analysis and Microanalysis, to the intelligent electric energy meter sample that fails
Internal state change.
（8）To step（1）- step（7）The result of gained carries out analysis and reasoning to determine failure mechanism；Failure mechanism bag
Include 1）Deterioration caused by design problem, refers to the design defect of domain, circuit and structure etc.；2）Internal degradation mechanism, refers to two
Secondary breakdown, CMOS latch up effect, neutron damage, metal contamination and Deterioration of Structural Performance, moment caused by fault in material
Power overload etc.；3）Surface deterioration mechanism, is stained by sodium ion and causes channel leakage, γ radiation injuries, surface breakdown（Creep）、
Surface recombination causes low current gain reduction etc.；4）Metal system degradation mechanism, occur aluminium electromigration, aluminium burn into calorize wound,
Break aluminium, electrical over-stress of aluminium notch, step is burnt；5）Degradation mechanism is encapsulated, has exotic to cause in the gas leakage of pin burn into, shell
Electric leakage or short circuit etc.；6）Using damage caused by problem, refer to due to electrostatic damage, electric surge damage, mechanical damage, excessive temperature
Failure, solder flux corrosion pin etc. caused by caused destruction, interference signal.
（9）After completing all analysis projects, acquired results are analyzed and reasoning；Different components can be according to need
Project noted earlier is selectively carried out, can quickly, effectively confirm failure mode, including functional parameter or appearance shape
Looks etc..（10）Failure analysis interpretation of result is verified in actual use；Strengthen intelligent electric energy meter production unit, using unit and
The contact and cooperation of failure analysis unit so that failure analysis, application verification form closed-loop system, and be continuously improved component can
It is horizontal by property and failure analysis.
The present invention is not limited to above-described embodiment, and the foregoing is merely the preferable case study on implementation of the present invention
, it is not intended to limit the invention, any modification for being made within the spirit and principles of the invention, equivalent substitution and changes
Into etc., it should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
- A kind of 1. method of intelligent electric energy meter failure analysis, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：（1）Essential information, the technical information of collection failure intelligent electric energy meter sample；（2）Sampling preservation of taking pictures is carried out to the intelligent electric energy meter sample that failed caused by mechanical damage and environmental corrosion；（3）Visual examination is carried out to failure intelligent electric energy meter sample；（4）Electrical testing is carried out to failure intelligent electric energy meter sample, confirms failure mode, positioning failure pin；（5）Stress test analysis is carried out to failure intelligent electric energy meter sample, observes the intelligent electric energy that fails under various stress conditions The parameter of table or the variation tendency of performance；（6）Broken a seal to failure intelligent electric energy meter sample, delamination, failure intelligent electric energy meter sample is integrally broken a seal and checks encapsulation In internal various devices, internal shortcoming situation is observed；（7）Failure point location is carried out to failure intelligent electric energy meter sample；（8）To step（1）- step（7）The result of gained carries out analysis and reasoning to determine failure mechanism.
- A kind of 2. method of intelligent electric energy meter failure analysis according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step（1） Middle essential information include operation principle, structure, material, technique, main failure mechanism, source, model, batch, numbering, the time, Place.
- A kind of 3. method of intelligent electric energy meter failure analysis according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step（1） Middle technical information includes：1）Specific use information：Machine failure phenomenon, abnormal environment, the state in complete machine, application circuit, failure history, failure Ratio, crash rate and its change over time situation；2）Specific production technology：Manufacturing condition and method.
- A kind of 4. method of intelligent electric energy meter failure analysis according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step（3） Middle visual examination refers to：Failed the crackle of intelligent electric energy meter sample by the certain micro- sem observation of naked eyes or amplification factor, Pay close attention to following phenomenon：Dust, stained, insulator, shell or pin discoloration, encapsulation crackle, metal migration.
- A kind of 5. method of intelligent electric energy meter failure analysis according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step（4） The instrument of middle electrical testing includes capacitance-resistance sensing tester, crystal oscillator tester, transistor graphic instrument, semiconductor parametric tester, oscillography Device, integrated circuit test system；Test result includes parameter drift or unqualified, open circuit, short circuit.
- A kind of 6. method of intelligent electric energy meter failure analysis according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step（5） The stress of middle stress test analysis includes：（1）Mechanical stress：Shock and vibration, fall；（2）Electric stress：Voltage, electric current, power； （3）Environmental influence：Salt fog, humidity, temperature, mould；The equipment of the stress test analysis includes：High temperature, low-temperature test Case, vibration mechine, Highly Accelerated Life Test case, highly accelerated stress screeningtest case.
- A kind of 7. method of intelligent electric energy meter failure analysis according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step（6） The mode in middle Kaifeng includes machinery Kaifeng, chemistry Kaifeng, laser Kaifeng.
- A kind of 8. method of intelligent electric energy meter failure analysis according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step（6） The method of middle delamination includes（1）Chemical attack depassivation layer；（2）Plasma etching depassivation layer；（3）The reaction of fabric chip from Son corrosion.
- A kind of 9. method of intelligent electric energy meter failure analysis according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step（7） Described in failure point location include 3 types：（1）Non-destructive analysis, check failure intelligent electric energy meter sample component in Portion's state is without opening or mobile nondestructive analysis；（2）Half failure analysis, retains failure all shapes of intelligent electric energy meter sample interior State and information, the only split component sampling being honored as a queen carry out morphology observation, performance evaluation；（3）Destructive analysis, including physics point Analysis and Microanalysis, change the internal state for the intelligent electric energy meter sample that fails.
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Application publication date: 20180515 |