CN108036783A - Non-interfering formula optical gyroscope and sensing spinning solution based on polarization detection technology - Google Patents

Non-interfering formula optical gyroscope and sensing spinning solution based on polarization detection technology Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN108036783A
CN108036783A CN201710942796.6A CN201710942796A CN108036783A CN 108036783 A CN108036783 A CN 108036783A CN 201710942796 A CN201710942796 A CN 201710942796A CN 108036783 A CN108036783 A CN 108036783A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
light
polarization
optical
output
loop
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201710942796.6A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
姚晓天
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to CN201710942796.6A priority Critical patent/CN108036783A/en
Publication of CN108036783A publication Critical patent/CN108036783A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C19/00—Gyroscopes; Turn-sensitive devices using vibrating masses; Turn-sensitive devices without moving masses; Measuring angular rate using gyroscopic effects
    • G01C19/58—Turn-sensitive devices without moving masses
    • G01C19/64—Gyrometers using the Sagnac effect, i.e. rotation-induced shifts between counter-rotating electromagnetic beams
    • G01C19/72—Gyrometers using the Sagnac effect, i.e. rotation-induced shifts between counter-rotating electromagnetic beams with counter-rotating light beams in a passive ring, e.g. fibre laser gyrometers

Abstract

A kind of non-interfering formula optical gyroscope and sensing spinning solution, this method based on polarization detection technology include：Polarization inputs light beam is divided into the first light beam and the second light beam, is then coupled to and is subjected in the input/output end port of rotating optical loop, and the first light beam is opposite with the second direction of beam propagation；It is then combined with into beam combination；Detect the polarization information of light output；Controlled by the use of the light output of optical loop as feedback to provide closed feedback loop to produce feedback control signal；Phase-modulator is used in closed feedback loop, at least one phase-modulation in the first and second light beams is entered optical loop；The feedback control signal is applied to the phase-modulator so that the phase difference between counterpropagate signal in the optical loop is zero or is less than preset value with the gap between zero；According to the polarization information of the light output of acquisition, the rotation undergone with definite optical loop.

Description

Non-interfering formula optical gyroscope and sensing spinning solution based on polarization detection technology
Technical field
Present patent application belongs to fiber information technical field, more particularly to utilizes optical fiber sensing technology measurement angle rotation letter The method and Optical devices of breath.
Background technology
Rotating sensing has a wide range of applications, such as navigates, motion sensing, further includes the stability control and fortune of object Dynamic control, game console controller, and the handheld device of smart phone.Usual optical gyroscope can be designed to, be passed through The change for measuring the optical fringe pattern of two counter propagating beams rotates to measure.Many optical gyroscopes use various interference The optics Sagnac interferometer configurations of fibre optic gyroscope (IFOG).This optical gyroscope can be configured without moving component, Influenced so as to eliminate other gyroscopes (such as mechanical gyro) because of abrasion and the damage of oscillating mass block or moving component Precision and service life.Commercialization and the batch production in the application of various military and civilians of this interference type optical fiber gyroscope.
Figures 1 and 2 show that two examples of the optical interference gyroscope based on Sagnac interferometers.Fig. 1 shows base The design, including photoelectric detector PD, polarization beam apparatus BS, input light 101, the polarizer 102；Fig. 2 is shown based on fiber optic loop The IFOG designs on road, including light source 201, coupler 202, the polarizer 203, coupler 204, phase-modulator 205, modulated signal 206th, fiber optic loop 207.In order to improve sensitivity and reliability, relatively long fiber optic loop can be used (for example, hundreds of to thousands of Rice).Fig. 2 also shows the example of the phase modulation schemes in the IFOG of gyroscope is biased most at sensitive spot, and for increasing Add the dynamic range of IFOG and improve the example of the closed loop circuit of its detection sensitivity.
Since traditional interference type optical fiber gyroscope cost of manufacture is higher and volume is larger, so as to limit its answering in market With, it is current simply to have application in some special dimensions (such as military field), in more universal civil field also using less. The reason for causing interference type optical fiber gyroscope cost to decline is many, is on the one hand that interference formula principle is wanted for device Ask higher, require high-performance for light source, modulator etc., therefore device cost remains high.On the other hand, formula cost is interfered Assembling accuracy for gyro also has very high requirement, therefore causes manufacture cost and greatly improve, and yield rate is often Also than relatively low, it is unfavorable for machine automatization assembling.
The content of the invention
The embodiment of the present invention proposes a kind of optical gyroscope using polarization technology principle and the rotating light of optical sensing Learn device and optical sensing techniques.The present invention can be effectively reduced cost, and volume is more compared with interference type optical fiber gyroscope It is small.
A kind of scheme, there is provided it is a kind of to be used for the rotating method of sensing based on light polarization, and independent of traditional light Learn interferometry, including input polarization light beam is divided into the first light beam with the first optical polarization and inclined with the first light beam Shake the second orthogonal INVENTIONOptical polarization beam；By the first and second light beam couplings to the input/output for being subjected to rotating optical loop In port, guiding the first light beam propagated in optical loop in the first loop, guiding the second light beam to the light circuit with it is described The opposite second servo loop side in first circuit direction upwardly propagates；The light of first and second light beams is converged at input/output end port Close, while keep the first and second light beam polarizations orthogonal, without causing the first and second light at input/output end port Optical interference between beam, to produce the beam combination as the light output of optical loop；The beam combination of light output is detected, to obtain Obtain the light polarization information of light output；The obtained light output light polarization information of processing, the rotation undergone with definite optical loop.
A kind of device scheme, there is provided the measurement of the optical polarization based on light senses rotating optical gyroscope, and disobeys Rely in optical interferometry.The optical gyroscope includes light input/output device, by the inputs light beam point with input light polarization From into the first light beam with the first light polarization and the second light beam with second light polarization orthogonal with the first light polarization；One Optical loop is coupled to the smooth input/output device, and has the first loop end, to receive first light beam in the light Upwardly propagated in loop in the first loop side；Also there is the second loop end, to receive second light beam, with the first circuit side Upwardly propagated to opposite second servo loop side.Light input/output device is configured as merging first and second from optical loop The light of light beam, while keep the first and second light beams orthogonal, done without producing optics between the first and second light beams Relate to, to produce the beam combination as the light output of optical loop.The device further includes detection device, it detects light output to obtain On the information of the light polarization of the beam combination of light output, and the information of the light polarization on light output obtained is handled, The rotation undergone with definite optical loop.
Another device scheme, there is provided rotating optical gyroscope is sensed based on the measurement of light polarization, and is not depended on In optical interferometry.The optical gyroscope includes being used to resolve into the inputs light beam with input optical polarization with first The device of second light beam of the first light beam of optical polarization and second optical polarization orthogonal with the first optical polarization；And it is used for By the first and second light beam couplings to the device being subjected in the input/output end port of rotating optical loop, the first light beam is guided Propagated on the first loop direction in optical loop, the second light beam of guiding is in the second servo loop direction opposite with the first circuit direction Propagated in light circuit.The optical gyroscope further includes the light for merging the first and second light beams at input/output end port Device, while keep the first and second light beams it is orthogonal, without producing optical interference between the first and second light beams, To produce the beam combination as the light output of optical loop；This programme further includes the beam combination of detection optics output to be closed In the device of the optical polarization information of optics output；Further include the letter of the optical polarization for handling obtained optics output Breath, the rotating device undergone with definite optical loop.
On the other hand, there is provided a kind of sensing for the optical polarization based on light senses rotating method, without Dependent on optical interferometry, including the input light for inputting optical polarization is directed to and is subjected in rotating closure optical loop； Light output using the optical coupling closed in optical loop as closing optical loop；It is inclined on the light of light output to obtain to detect light output The information shaken, and independent of the interference of light with closing the relevant light of optical loop；And the light on light output that processing obtains The information of polarization is learned, the rotation undergone with definite closure optical loop.
Another device scheme, there is provided a kind of measurement of the optical polarization based on light senses rotating optical gyroscope, And independent of optical interferometry, which includes the optical loop for being subjected to rotating closure, further includes input/output end port To receive the input light before closure optical loop enters with input light polarization, input/output end port couples light into envelope In black out loop, and light output is produced from closing optical loop；One detector cell, it is defeated on light to obtain that it detects light output The information of the light polarization gone out, and independent of the interference of light with closing the relevant light of optical loop；One processing unit, processing are obtained The information of the optical polarization on optics output obtained, the rotation undergone with definite closure optical loop.
In another arrangement, there is provided the sensing of the optical polarization based on light senses rotating optical gyroscope, and disobeys Rely in optical interferometry and closed-loop control.The device includes light input/output device, it is by with the input for inputting light polarization Light beam is separated into the first light beam with the first light polarization and the second light with second light polarization orthogonal with the first light polarization Beam；One optical loop, it is coupled to the smooth input/output device, and has the first loop ports, to receive in the light First light beam upwardly propagated in loop in the first loop side；And second loop ports, it is described with first to receive The second light beam that the opposite second servo loop side in circuit direction upwardly propagates.Light input/output device, which is configured as merging, comes from light First and second light beams of loop, at the same keep the first and second light beams it is orthogonal, without the first and second light beams it Between produce optical interference, to produce beam combination as the light output of optical loop.The device further includes detection light output to obtain On the detection device of the information of the light polarization of light output, and the information of the light polarization on light output obtained is handled, The rotation undergone with definite optical loop；One phase-modulator for being coupled to the optical loop, so that described first and second Enter the optical loop after at least one phase-modulation in light beam；One closed feedback control loop, it is coupled to detection Device, is used as feedback to produce feedback control signal by the light output of optical loop, feedback control signal is applied to phase-modulation Device, makes the counter-propagating signal phase difference in light circuit be less than preset value as zero or with the gap between zero using modulation.Wherein, should Preset value can arbitrarily be set, so that the counter-propagating signal phase difference in the light circuit levels off to zero.
Above content will be described in detail in attached drawing and following description book.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 shows the example of traditional large volume interference formula gyroscope.
Fig. 2 shows the example of interference optical-fiber gyrosope.
Fig. 3 A and 3b show two examples of two kinds of different configuration of optical polarization gyroscopes.Input polarization light is from polarization Two the polarization axles x and y of beam splitter PBS it is at 45 ° by and reflection so that two polarized components have equal work(after beam splitting Rate.Fig. 3 a are shown can not inverse configuration：There is no the condition of differential phase shift between two polarizations relied at PBS and reflector, The polarization rotation of output light is only dependent upon gyro rotation.Fig. 3 B show inversion configuration：Use 90 degree of Faraday rotators or half Y is rotated into x by wave plate so that counter propagating beams undergo the same phase from reflector and PBS.
Fig. 4 a are shown causes output to polarize by being physically rotated caused differential phase shift (DPS) or differential group delay (DGD) Rotated in the great circle around the north and south poles of poincare sphere.
Fig. 4 b show the circular polarization track in (s2, s3) plane, and wherein Δ φ is DPS.
Fig. 5 shows the example of the complete polarization analyzer for obtaining four Stokes' parameters.
Fig. 6 shows the polarization fiber gyroscope (P-FOG) using polarization-maintaining (PM) fiber optic loop as rotary sensing element One example.In order to eliminate detection deviation, 90 ° of cross-over joint can be used at the midpoint of fiber optic loop.
Fig. 7 shows the second reality of the polarisation fibre optic gyroscope (P-FOG) using PM fiber optic loops as rotary sensing element Apply example.In the polarization insensitive beam splitter (BS) used above of PBS the return light from fiber optic loop is directed to polarization analysis Device.Two polarization fiber tail optical fibers can be used to substitute two PM optical fiber pigtails, to obtain better performance.
Fig. 8 a show the 3rd embodiment of polarization fiber gyroscope (P-FOG).Wollaston prisms are used as polarization beam splitting Device PBS by two polarized components to be directed to different directions.Double-fiber collimator is used for two orthogonal polarization components of reception Light.Two polarization fiber tail optical fibers can be used to substitute two PM optical fiber pigtails, to obtain better performance.
Fig. 8 b show the example for the double-fiber collimator in Fig. 8 a, it includes being used for the focusing for receiving two light beams They are simultaneously focused on two fiber ports close to focal plane by lens.
Fig. 9 shows the fourth embodiment of polarization fiber gyroscope (P-FOG).It can be replaced using two polarization fiber tail optical fibers Two PM fiber tail optical fibers of generation, to obtain better performance.
Figure 10 shows the example based on polarization analysis device.After quarter-wave plate polarization point is carried out using the polarizer Analysis.The x-axis pair of slow (or fast) axis and the PBS in Fig. 7 or Wollaston prisms in figs. 8 and 9 of quarter-wave plate Together, postponed with introducing the pi/2 phase between x and y-polarisation component.
Figure 11 a and 11b show the example of the second embodiment of polarization analysis device.Used after quarter-wave plate PBS carries out polarization beam splitting.Slow (or fast) axis and the PBS in Fig. 7 or Wollaston in figs. 8 and 9 of quarter-wave plate The x-axis alignment of prism, to introduce pi/2 phase delay.
Figure 12 a and 12b show two examples of the detection circuit in two kinds of different detectors configurations.
Figure 13 a and 13b show the example of the 3rd embodiment of polarization analysis device, and wherein Figure 13 a show device layout, Figure 13 b show two PBS (same orientation) and quarter-wave plate and relative to PBS the or Fig. 8 a in Fig. 7, Fig. 8 b and Fig. 9 Direction between middle Wollaston prisms, two PBS have identical orientation relative to x and y directions.
Figure 14 a and 14b show the 4th reality of the polarization analysis device using the PBS in Wollaston prism in place Figure 10 The example of example is applied, and two single PD are replaced using dual chip photoelectric detector (PD).Figure 14 b are shown relative to light X the and y directions of polarization beam apparatus before fine ring and Wollaston prisms and the example in the direction of the axis of quarter-wave plate.
Figure 15 a and 15b show that two PBS's in Figure 11 a and 11a is inclined to replace using two Wollaston prisms The example of 5th embodiment of vibration analysis device, and replace four individually using two dual chip photoelectric detectors (PD) PD.Figure 15 b show before fiber optic loop the Wollaston prism axis of the direction x and y relative to polarization beam apparatus and four/ The ideal orientation of one wave plate.Two Wollaston prisms have identical orientation relative to x and y directions.
Figure 16 shows the example of the sixth embodiment of polarization fiber gyroscope (P-FOG).If using polarized light source, It should be coupled light into using PM optical fiber pigtails in dotted line frame.If using the light source that depolarizes, such as ASE light sources, then SM should be used Optical fiber pigtail.In the case of the extinction ratio deficiency of PBS1, light source can be polarized using the polarizer.Light source can also be with chip Mode is integrated in dotted line frame, to reduce size and cost.In this case, optical fiber pigtail is not required in light source.It can use Two polarization (PZ) optical fiber pigtails substitute two PM fiber tail optical fibers, to obtain better performance.If use 45 ° of Faraday rotations Device, rather than the quarter-wave plate on the right side of BS, then should use quarter-wave plate (dotted line), its medium wave before polarizer The main shaft of piece should align with the main shaft (x, y) of PBS.
Figure 17 shows the example of the 7th embodiment of polarization fiber gyroscope (P-FOG).If using polarized light source, It should be coupled light into using PM optical fiber pigtails in dotted line frame.If using the light source that depolarizes, such as ASE light sources, then SM should be used Fiber-optic wire.In the case of the extinction ratio deficiency of PBS1, light source can be polarized using the polarizer.Light source can also be with chip Form is integrated in dotted line frame, and to reduce size and cost, in this case, optical fiber pigtail is not required in light source.It can also make Two PM optical fiber pigtails are substituted with two polarization fiber tail optical fibers, to obtain better performance.If use 45 ° of Faraday rotations Device, rather than the quarter-wave plate on the right side of BS, then should use different quarter-wave plates (dotted line) before the polarizer, Its main shaft should be consistent with the main shaft (x, y) of Wollaston prisms.
Figure 18 shows the example of the 8th embodiment of polarization fiber gyroscope (P-FOG).If using polarized light source, It should be coupled light into using PM optical fiber pigtails in dotted line frame.If using the light source that depolarizes, such as ASE light sources, then SM should be used Optical fiber pigtail.In the case of the extinction ratio deficiency of PBS1, light source can be polarized using the optional polarizer.Light source can also It is integrated in chip form in dotted line frame, to reduce size and cost.In this case, optical fiber pigtail is not required in light source.Can To substitute two PM optical fiber pigtails using two polarization fiber tail optical fibers, to obtain better performance.If revolved using 45 ° of faraday Turn device, then instead of the quarter-wave plate on the right side of BS, different quarter-wave plates should be used before Wollaston prisms, Wherein main shaft should align with two Wollaston prism main shafts (x, y).
Figure 19 a and 19b show the detection for being designed to that the signal-to-noise ratio of detection signal is improved based on lock phase amplifying circuit Two examples of device.
Figure 20 a and 20b, which are shown, to be designed to increase detection signal based on lock phase amplifying circuit and optical phase modulator Signal-to-noise ratio detection device two examples.
Figure 21 shows the example of the circuit for linearizing detected rotation angle.
Figure 22 a show the example of polarization fiber gyroscope (P-FOG), wherein Fig. 7, the beam splitter (BS) in Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 Replaced by special polarization beam apparatus (SPBS).
Figure 22 b show the example of the particular polarization beam splitter (SPBS) in Figure 22 a
Figure 22 c show the polarization orientation of the particular polarization beam splitter (SPBS) and Wollaston prism 1 and 2 in Figure 22 a Example, wherein the axis of wave plate and Wollaston prism 3 is aligned with the s and p of SPBS, and the axis of Wollaston prisms 1 and 2 S and p with SPBS is into 45 degree.Condenser lens focuses of the light beam into the detector core on piece in dual chip detector 1 and 2.Twin-core Piece PD can be replaced with double-fiber collimator to couple light into two separated optical fiber.Then by the output coupling of two optical fiber Close into two separated PD.
Figure 23 shows the first example of closed loop polarization fiber gyroscope (P-FOG).If using polarized light source, should make Coupled light into PM optical fiber pigtails in dotted line frame.If using the light source that depolarizes, such as ASE light sources, then sm fiber should be used Tail optical fiber.Light source can also be integrated in dotted line frame with chip format, to reduce size and cost.In this case, light source is not Need optical fiber pigtail.In the case of using ASE source, light source can be polarized using polarizer.Also two polarization fibers be can use (PZ) tail optical fiber substitutes two PM optical fiber pigtails, to obtain better performance.It note that PD1 can be replaced with optical fiber collimator, with Couple light into optical fiber, then by the output coupling of optical fiber into PD.
Figure 24 shows the second example of closed loop polarization fiber gyroscope (P-FOG), wherein carrying out generation using two detectors For the single PD in Figure 23, to eliminate or reduce the common-mode noise in light path, such as laser RIN noises or come self-reflection or other The interaction noise of component defect.Electronic device includes PD and detects and amplify, the driving electricity for phase modulation modulator and light source Road (optional) and for make detectable signal minimize with the signal processing circuit of closed circuit.The two PD can be with 12A's Conventional configuration or the balanced arrangement connection of 12B.It note that dual chip PD can be substituted with double-fiber collimator, by optical coupling Into two separated optical fiber, then by the output coupling of two optical fiber into two separated PD.
Figure 25 shows the 3rd example of closed loop polarization fiber gyroscope (P-FOG), two of which detector with Figure 12 B Shown balance detection mechanism connection.
Figure 26 shows the 4th example of closed loop polarization fiber gyroscope (P-FOG), wherein the magnetic tape trailer in 23, or 24 or 25 Fibre source is substituted by LD or SLED chips so that all light including light source, beam splitter, lens and Wollaston prisms Department of the Chinese Academy of Sciences's part, can be integrated in a small package together with double optical fiber collimators and photoelectric detector.In this illustration, only light Fine ring and electronic component are outer in encapsulation.
Figure 27 shows the 5th example of closed loop polarization fiber gyroscope (P-FOG), Figure 23, Figure 24, in Figure 25 and Figure 26 Beam splitter (BS) is replaced by the special PBS (SPBS) shown in Figure 22.Wollaston prism 3 in Figure 22 is not in this design must Need, therefore can be removed due to close loop maneuver.Dual chip PD can be replaced with double-fiber collimator, couple light into two In a independent optical fiber.Then by the output coupling of two optical fiber into two separated PD.
Embodiment
The invention discloses the technology and dress that the measurement based on optical polarization and sensing are used to sense rotating optical sensing Put, the technology and device only detect the change of optical polarization without using optical interferometry.It is rotating using this optical polarization Optical sensing techniques and device, can be widely applied optical gyroscope, be included in aircraft, in ship and land vehicle should With and various sensors and equipment in application, such as hand-held communication device, tablet computer, smart mobile phone and game control Accurate rotary speed and the angle detection of device etc..
In some embodiments of the invention, there is provided one kind is done based on optical polarization sensing technology independent of optics Relate to sense rotating method；Polarised light is input in the rotating closure optical loop of experience, light will closed by coupling Light output in loop；By detecting and handling the light polarization information of output light, to determine the rotation undergone of optical loop.At it In his embodiment, there is provided one kind senses rotation based on optical polarization sensing technology independent of optical interferometry technology The method turned.Specifically, this method includes for the inputs light beam with input light polarization being divided into the with the first light polarization One light beam and second light beam with second light polarization orthogonal with the first light polarization；By the first and second light beam couplings to being subjected to In the input/output end port of rotating optical loop, to guide the first light beam to be propagated in the first loop in optical loop, guide The second light beam second servo loop side opposite with first circuit direction into the light circuit upwardly propagates；In input/output At port merge the first and second light beams light, while keep the first and second light beam polarizations it is orthogonal, without input/ The optical interference between the first and second light beams is caused at output port, the light for producing a branch of beam combination as optical loop is defeated Go out.In addition, this method further includes detection light output to obtain the information of the light polarization on output light；And handle what is obtained The information of the light polarization of light output, the rotation undergone with definite optical loop.
The optics that can include detection polarization variations as caused by rotation is realized in the optical polarization optical sensing of the present invention Gyroscope.The rotation of closure optical loop can be sensed using the optical loop of closure, using the light beam of two backpropagations, The particularly rotational component of the rotation axis of plane of the measurement with the optical loop perpendicular to closure.
Fig. 3 A and 3B each illustrate the illustrative embodiments of the optical gyroscope with closure optical loop；Such as Fig. 3 a institutes Show, including input SOP301, input light 302, polarization analysis device 303；As shown in Figure 3b, including input SOP301, input Light 302,303,90 ° of Faraday rotation pieces of polarization analysis device or half-wave wave plate 304.From such as diode laser or luminous two The linear polarization inputs light beam of the light source of pole pipe is divided into two orthogonal two-beams of polarized component by polarization beam apparatus (PBS). Then, this two-beam is propagated in opposite direction along the optical loop of closure, is then recombinated in PBS.Therefore, in this example PBS works as the light input/output end port of closed loop optical loop.When system rotates, backpropagation light wave experience relative delay Or differential phase.Such relative delay is only the differential group delay (DGD) between two orthogonal polarization components.Work as two-beam When being combined at PBS, as shown in figures 4 a and 4b, caused output polarization will surround as DGD increases and surround two poles A great circle rotation (right and left circular polarization).
Example in Fig. 3 A and 3B is different in some respects, there is similar feature in terms of other optical designs. In two examples, two the polarization axles x and y of input polarization light and PBS are at 45 ° so that two polarized light components are after beam splitting With equal power.Fig. 3 A are configured using non-reciprocal：Relying between PBS and the polarization of reflector two does not have differential phase shift Condition, the polarization rotation of output light are only dependent upon the rotation of gyroscope.Therefore, the design in Fig. 3 A uses well-designed optics Reflector and PBS, to ensure differential phase shift, therefore the spy of the component to using in light circuit is not present between two polarized components The change for determining parameter has less deviation.Fig. 3 B provide optics reciprocity construction：90 ° of Faraday rotators or half-wave plate are used for will Y-polarisation rotates to be x-polarisation so that counter propagating beams undergo the same phase from reflector and PBS.Therefore, in 3B figures Design is that optics is reciprocal relative to the both direction of optical loop, therefore can be to the optical component used in optical loop Defect, the tolerance of defect or change with bigger.
In Fig. 3 A or 3B, into PBS before the electric field of light beam can be write as：
WhereinWithRepresent that PBS's passes through axis or axis of reflection.Two orthogonal polarized light beams are propagated by optical loop, and After PBS converges again, electric field is：
Wherein Δ φ is the phase difference being physically rotated between caused two beam reversals propagation light beam by optical loop, with doing It is identical to relate to optical gyroscope, and can be expressed as：
The π DGD/ λ of Δ φ=20=(4 π A/ λ0C) ω, (3)
Wherein A is the area by beam cross-section, λ0It is centre wavelength, c is the light velocity, and ω is the speed of rotation.Here we Assuming that when they are propagated in optical loop, there is no other differential phase shifts between two polarized components.In equation (2), we are false Be located at PBS and two reflector as shown in Fig. 3 A or 3B does not have differential phase shift, the polarization rotation of output light between two polarizations It is only dependent upon gyro rotation.
Fig. 4 a are shown causes output to polarize by being physically rotated caused differential phase shift (DPS) or differential group delay (DGD) Rotated in the great circle around the north and south poles of poincare sphere.4b shows the circular polarization track in (s2, s3) plane, wherein being Differential phase shift DPS.
Fig. 5 shows the Stokes polarization point of all Stokes' parameters for obtaining the output beam from PBS The embodiment of parser, including polarization analysis device 501, polarization adjustment and X-axis are in the same direction 502, polarization adjustment is in the same direction with Y-axis 503, polarization Adjustment and X-axis are the same as into 45 degree 504, the adjustment of the wave plate of λ/4 and X-axis in the same direction 505.Light beam is divided into four parts, is examined entering the first photoelectricity Survey before device (PD1), light beam pass through withThe polarizer of axis alignment is to obtain the first luminous power P1；And the second beam light exists Into before the second photoelectric detector by withThe cross-polarization piece of axis alignment, to obtain the second luminous power P2；Entering the 3rd Before polarizer, three-beam pass through withAxis polarizer at 45 ° is to obtain the 3rd luminous power P3；Last four bundles light into Enter before the 4th photoelectric detector by quarter-wave plate and the 4th polarizer to obtain the 4th luminous power P4.Quarter-wave The birefringence axis of piece with(or) axis alignment, the 4th polarizer with(or) axis is at 45 °.Then four stokes can be obtained This parameter：
S0=P1+P2 (4)
s1=(P1-P2)/S0 (5)
s2=(2P3-S0)/S0 (6)
s3=(2P4-S0)/S0 (7)
WhereinIt is the matrix for representing quarter-wave plate, α is the light loss for including each passage, Photoelectric Detection tolerance The coefficient of the contribution of sub- efficiency and electron gain., can be with although light loss and detector efficiency are different because passage is different Electron gain is adjusted, to ensure that the coefficient of all passages is identical.In equation (11),
From equation (5)-(7), the Stokes' parameter for the light beam returned from loop is：
s1=0 (13)
s2=cos Δs φ (14)
s3=sin Δs φ (15)The simply circle shown in Fig. 4
Δ φ=tan-1(s3/s2) (16)
Δ φ can also be obtained from formula (14) or formula (15), depending on its value.For small Δ φ, equation can be used (15), for the big Δ φ close to pi/2, equation (14) can be used.Therefore, po-larization rotational angular is only two orthogonal inclined The differential phase shaken between component, and, and phase offset is not required. with the angular speed of rotary optical system linearly. By measuring larization rotation angle, the rotary speed of system can be obtained.
Because polarization variations track is included in (s2, s3) in plane, so s need not be measured1, it is possible to simplify in Fig. 5 In Δ φ measurement, it is as follows.
The advantages of this polarising means, includes：
1) it is not required phase-modulator to bias gyroscope system, so as to significantly reduce cost；
2) linear relationship between po-larization rotational angular and the system speed of rotation, produces preferable scale factor and larger dynamic State scope；
3) polarize rotating direction and be directly physically rotated that direction is related with gyroscope system, eliminate the cosine with IFOG Relation is relevant fuzzy；
4) PBS used in polarization optics gyroscope, when two counter propagating beams return, both as light beam Beam splitter, removes unwanted polarized component, similar to the IOC in IFOG to obtain two backpropagation ripples and polarizer；
5) phase-modulator is driven since modulated signal is not required, high speed FPGA/ is not required in digital closed loop design DSP, therefore electronic equipment is simpler, power consumption is lower.Low-power consumption analog circuit is only needed to detect polarization rotation information.
Optical fiber can also be used for as detected spirit (such as in IFOG) with increase in polarization optics gyroscope shown in figs. 6 and 7 Sensitivity.It is such to can be referred to as polarization fiber gyroscope or P-FOG, to be different from interference formula gyroscope IFOG.Fig. 6 includes：Light source 601st, polarization maintaining optical fibre and PBS45 degree 602, polarization maintaining optical fibre slow axis 603 and 604, intersect welding 605, polarization analysis device 606, telecommunications Number further processing 607.Note that in figure 6, two of PBS export the slow and fast axle that can be respectively aligned to polarization-maintaining (PM) optical fiber, However, the relatively large deviation for corresponding to the different spread speeds in slow axis and fast axle will be produced.This deviation is also quick to temperature change Sense, and larger detection error may be caused.A kind of method for reducing this offset error is the midpoint general in optical fiber circuit PM optical fiber intersects welding, as shown in Figure 6.However, this method is relatively difficult to achieve in the application, because it is difficult in finding accurately Point.The structure of Fig. 3 A and Fig. 6 are inherently irreversible, and may not be suitable for needing some applications of high accuracy gyroscope instrument.
Two polarized components after PBS that Fig. 7 are shown in which are coupled to the reality of the same axis (slow or fast axle) of PM optical fiber Example is applied, it includes light source 701, the 702 slow axis accurate alignment polarizer 703 of polarization maintaining optical fibre, quarter wave plate or 45 ° of Faraday rotation pieces 704th, polarization maintaining optical fibre slow axis 705 and 706, fiber optic loop 707, collimater 708, the polarizer 709, further polarization analysis device 710, electricity Signal processing apparatus 712；In dotted line wire 711, the propagation of light is in the form of spatial light, rather than is propagated in optical fiber.However, Beam splitter (BS) before PBS is used to be directed in polarization analysis device from the light beam that fiber optic loop returns.Similar in IFOG Minimal configuration, this configuration can eliminate all nonreciprocities as caused by optical component.It note that since PM optical fiber can be with Reversed by physics to produce 90 ° of polarization rotations, therefore 90 ° of Faraday rotators or half-wave plate in Fig. 3 b are not required.
It is worth noting that, the non-PM fiber optic loops of single mode (SM) can be used for P-FOG devices disclosed herein.With IFOG is similar, first by the PM optical fiber pigtails for being connected to PBS output terminals, the polarization of its slow (or fast) axis and two output beams Align in direction.Then polarizer is engaged onto PM optical fiber pigtails, two output beams is gone before sm fiber coil is entered Polarize (depolarized).
Also it is worth noting that, if the polarization extinction ratio of PBS is not abundant enough, two output terminals of PBS are connected Two PM optical fiber pigtails can also use two polarization (PZ) optical fiber pigtails to substitute, to further compensate for the inclined of system in the present embodiment Extinction ratio of shaking (PER) deficiency.In such embodiments, the polarization axle of two output beams from PBS and PZ optical fiber pigtails Alignd by axis.If using PM fiber optic loops, every one end of PM optical fiber can be directly joined to PZ optical fiber pigtails, it is slow (or Hurry up) axis aligns with PZ optical fiber polarisation axis.If using SM (single mode) fiber optic loop, depolarizer is engaged to PZ optical fiber pigtails first One of.Then the output of depolarizer is joined to one end of sm fiber ring.Furthermore it is possible to using made of spread glass sheet it is inclined The device that shakes is placed at the output of PBS, further to increase the PER of PBS.
As shown in fig. 7, there are light source three polarization alignments to select：1) slow axis of the PM optical fiber pigtails of the light source from left side Be aligned with one in the s axis and p axis of BS, and PBS be physically rotated 45 ° of BS with allow at PBS output ports it is orthogonal partially Shaking, ideally constant power distributes light beam；2) one of the optical axis slow axis of PM optical fiber pigtails and the s axis of BS and p axis are aligned, and use four points One of wave plate or 45 ° of Faraday rotators make PBS that input light is divided into orthogonal polarized light beam to distribute with preferable constant power；3) The slow axis of PM optical fiber pigtails of light source is directed at 45 ° with the polarization axle of PBS, is carried out so as to ideally at PBS output ports orthogonal The constant power distribution of the two light beams of polarization.The extinction ratio of PBS can be strengthened using polarizer in two output terminals.It will come from The reason for s or p axis of the input polarization alignment BS of light source is in order to avoid potential polarization changes caused by the defects of BS. In the case that polarisation extinction ratio is insufficient, optional polarizer can be placed before BS further to remove the inclined of PM optical fiber Shake.Polarizer should align with the slow axis (or fast axle) of PM optical fiber.
Fig. 8 a show 3rd embodiment, and wherein PBS is that two orthogonal polarization components are directed to two different directions Wollaston prism.One example is that the angle between two beams is 3.7 °.Fig. 8 b show accurate using double optical fiber of condenser lens The example of straight device, for receiving two light beams and they being focused on to two fiber ports near focal plane.Focus on saturating Mirror can be spherical lens, non-spherical lens or gradual index lens, and be packaged in the housing.It can be come using tail sleeve Two optical fiber of clamping are simultaneously attached to identical housing.Spacing between two optical fiber can be 0.25mm, i.e., optical fiber used it is straight Footpath.In the case where polarisation extinction ratio is insufficient, polarizer can be placed before BS further to remove the polarization of PM optical fiber. Polarizer should align with the slow axis (or fast axle) of PM optical fiber.As shown in Figure 8 a to include light source 801,802 slow axis of polarization maintaining optical fibre accurate Really the alignment polarizer 803 (optional), Wollaston prisms 804, polarization maintaining fiber pigtail 805 and 806, fiber optic loop 807, double optical fiber Collimater 808, polarization analysis device 809, circuit signal processing unit 811.Fig. 8 b are a double light collimators 825 in Fig. 8 a works Make schematic diagram, including shell 822, lens 821, metal sleeve 823, double optical fiber 824.
In figures 7 and 8, the light source that depolarizes of such as ASE source can be used.In this case, light source can use single mode (SM) optical fiber pigtail.In addition, polarisation must be played using polarizer before BS.The orientation of polarizer and PBS or Wollaston Prism by axis into 45 degree, to realize that the equal power of two beam splitting light distributes.
Three major advantages are configured with using this.Firstly, since Wollaston prisms are made of birefringece crystal, because This ensure that high PER；Two, simplify design and alignment using double optical fiber collimators；Finally, the smaller of packaging can be made.Figure 8a is shown in which the illustrative embodiments that one of the PM optical fiber slow axis of light source and the s axis of BS and p axis are aligned, and Wollaston prisms are rotated appropriately to allow the orthogonal polarized light beam at the output port of BS prisms ideally equal Power distributes.Each polarized component is coupled to slow (or fast) axis of PM optical fiber pigtails.Fiber optic loop can use PM optical fiber or sm fiber It is made.If using SM fiberoptic coils, depolariser should be used after each PM optical fiber pigtails.
Fig. 9 shows the fourth embodiment of P-FOG, it includes SLD or laser chip 901, Wollaston prisms 902, protects Inclined optical fiber pigtail 903 and 904, fiber optic loop 905, lens 906, polarization analysis device 907, the further processing unit 909 of electric signal.Its In such as super-bright luminous diode (SLD), the light source of LED chip or semiconductor laser chip is integrated in same with optical device thereafter In encapsulation, and Wollaston prisms are used as polarization beam apparatus (PBS), and two polarized components are directed to different directions. Double-fiber collimator is used to receive two orthogonal light of polarized component.
In some implementations, the output polarization of SLD can be aligned with one of the s axis of BS and p axis, and Wollaston prisms are rotated appropriately to allow the orthogonal polarized light beam at polarization beam splitting output port ideally equal Power distributes.Light source in Fig. 7 can also integrate in a dotted box.
Figure 10 a, Figure 10 b show the first embodiment of polarization analysis device, it include the wave plate 1001 of λ/4, polarizer 1002, The polarizer is axial 1003, wave plate slow axis (or slow axis) direction 1004 of λ/4.Carried out partially using polarizer after quarter-wave plate Vibration analysis.Slow (or fast) axis and the Wollaston prism pair in the x-axis or Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 of the PBS in Fig. 7 of quarter-wave plate Standard, to introduce the delay of the pi/2 phase between x and y-polarisation component.As shown in fig. lob, polarizer passes through axis and quarter-wave The slow axis orientation of piece is at 45 °.Photoelectric detector detection passes through the luminous power of polarizer and converts thereof into electric signal.From equation (2) in, the luminous power and the equation (11) that are received at photoelectric detector, corresponding voltage V1For：
Wherein G1It is the electric conversion coefficient of receiving circuit, α is the loss factor from optical component, It is detector voltage.From equation (17), phase can obtain caused by rotation：
Δ φ=sin-1(1-V1/V10) (18)
In equation (18), V10Can be when rotary speed be set as zero by the calibration phase of P-FOG, first, it is assumed that coming from The luminous power of light source is kept constant.The problem of equation (18) is that any power swing can cause V1 to fluctuate, so as to cause measurement Error.In order to overcome this problem, we can use the second embodiment of the polarization analysis device as shown in Figure 11 a and Figure 11 b, It includes the wave plate slow axis of the wave plate 1101 of λ/4, polarization beam apparatus PBS, the first optical detector PD1, the second optical detector PD2 and λ/4 Direction 1102.The voltage produced by the first photoelectric detector is still equation (17), the electricity produced by the second photoelectric detector PD2 Press and be
The gain G 2 of the amplifying circuit of PD2 can be adjusted so that V10=V20=V0, and take the difference between V1 and V2 to obtain The phase of generation must be rotated：
Δ φ=sin-1[(V1-V2)/(V1+V2)] (20)
Note that in discussed above, as figure 12 a shows, each detector uses two 1202 Hes of single amplifier 1203.The calculating of equation 17 to 20 can use analog circuit or digital circuit to carry out.When using digital circuit, it is necessary to make With analog-digital converter and microprocessor (such as microcontroller, FPGA or DSP).
Alternatively, the difference photoelectric current between PD1 and PD2 can be amplified using balance detection circuit, as shown in Figure 12 B：
V12=G12(I1-I2)=2G12I0Sin Δ φ, (21)
Wherein G12 is the transimpedance amplifier gain 1202 of balanced detector, and V12 is the voltage produced, I1 and I2 difference It is the photoelectric current received in PD1 and PD2：
It is proportional to the responsiveness of photoelectric detector and its subsequent conditioning circuit in equation (22) and (23).Adjustment circuit parameter can So that I10=I20=I0.From equation (21), rotating the phase of generation can be obtained as below：
Δ φ=sin-1[(I1-I2)/(I1+I2)]=sin-1[V12/(2G12I0)] (24)
Note that the power swing and relative intensity noise of light source can be eliminated using balance detection circuit.Again, formula Calculating (24) can be obtained by both combinations after the operational amplifier in analog circuit and digital circuit, or Figure 12 b .
The embodiment of Figure 11 polarization analysis devices is rotary inductive phase at present no more than 90 degree, such as equation (20) and (24), it is only used for the gyroscope that rotating speed is small or dynamic range is small.For the gyroscope with big detection range, figure can be used 3rd embodiment shown in 13a and Figure 13 b；It includes the wave plate 1301 of λ/4, non-polarizing beamsplitter BS, the first polarization beam apparatus PBS1, the second polarization beam apparatus PBS2, the first photodetector PD1, the second photodetector PD2, the 3rd photodetector PD3, the 4th The wave plate of photodetector PD4 and λ/4 fast week or slow axis 1302.In the present embodiment, polarization insensitive BS is used for incident beam point Into two parts.In the first portion, after quarter-wave plate polarization analysis is carried out using PBS1.Quarter-wave plate it is slow (or fast) axis aligns with the Wollaston prisms in the x-axis or Fig. 8 of the PBS in Fig. 7 and 9, to introduce pi/2 phase delay. In two parts, polarization analysis is carried out without using quarter-wave plate using PBS2.Similar in equation (22) and (23), PD1 It is with the photoelectric current detected in PD2：
The photoelectric current detected in PD3 and PD4 is：
Adjust detection circuit parameter beta1, β2, β3, and β4So that I'10=I'20And I30=I40, and using balance amplification, obtain ：
V12=G12(I'1-I'2)=G12I'10sinΔφ (29)
V34=G34(I3-I4)=G34I30Cos Δ φ, (30)
Wherein G12 and G34 is transimpedance of the detector to the balance detection circuit of (PD1, PD2) and (PD3, PD4) respectively Gain.The phase that rotation produces can be obtained as below：
Δ φ=tan-1[V12G34I30/(V34G12I'10)] (31)
Adjustment circuit gain G 12 and G34 cause us to obtain：
Δ φ=tan-1(V12/V34) (32)
Arrived in equation (29) in equation (32), use balance detection circuit as shown in Figure 12b.Alternatively, it can also use Single amplifier circuit as figure 12 a shows.This arrangement eliminates any power swing influence of light source, therefore can be used for Gyroscope of the manufacture with full accuracy.Equation (32) can be used to obtain Δ φ.However, in the small rotation with small Δ φ Under speed, can only equation (29) be used to obtain Δ φ.When Δ φ absolute values are close to pi/2, can individually be obtained with equation (30) Δ φ is obtained, because equation (29) is in minimum sensitive spot when Δ φ changes.Can alternately it be used according to the absolute value of Δ φ Formula (29) and (30) obtain Δ φ.The composition of Figure 12 a includes：One optical detector 1201, an amplification circuit module 1203, One mutual conductance resistance 1202, a power supply 1206；Illumination produces photoelectric current and is output to amplification electricity after optical detector 1201 Road module, signal output is produced on 1204 after amplifying into horizontal electrical signal again；Mutual conductance resistance 1202 is in parallel with amplification circuit module, light Detector 1201 by 1205 being grounded again after power supply 1206；And amplification circuit module is also grounded；The present invention is using two Optical detector be detected when, can by reconcile across resistance resistance 1202, two optical detectors is reached photoelectric conversion rate Unanimously；Figure 12 b are the balance detection schematic diagrames that the present invention uses, including two optical detectors 1211 and 1221 of series connection； An output is produced in two optical detector tie points, which is the difference of two optical detector photoelectric currents；Amplifying circuit mould Block 1213 receives the photoelectric current difference after two optical detector series connection and carries out operation amplifier；One mutual conductance resistance 1212 and amplification The circuit module photoelectric current difference in parallel received after two optical detector series connection；It can be adjusted by reconciling mutual conductance resistance and put Big circuit module output；1216 be power supply；1215 be the earth point of system；
Figure 14 a show the fourth embodiment of polarization analysis device, it includes condenser lens λ/4 wave plate, 1401 He The twin-core film explorer 1403 that Wollaston prisms 1402 form, wherein being replaced using Wollaston prisms in Figure 11 PBS, and replace two single PD using dual chip photoelectric detector (PD).Two PD chips in dual chip detector With 50 to 500 microns of size, and about 50 to 500 microns are separated in space.Other chip sizes and spacing are also possible 's.Two chips are electrically insulated from each other.Each polarized component of incident beam by lens focus to corresponding chip to produce light Electric current.The advantages of configuration is small, and cost is low.In addition, Wollaston prisms are usually than the polarization beam splitter prism in Figure 11 Polarization beam splitting film there is more preferable polarization extinction ratio, and can and dual chip photoelectric detector direct-coupling, greatly reduce device Part volume, improves integrated level.Figure 14 b show the direction x and y relative to polarization beam apparatus before fiber optic loop The desired orientation of Wollaston prism axis and quarter-wave plate, as shown in fig. 14b include Wollaston prism axis 1411 With 1412, the wave plate slow axis 1413 of and λ/4.
Figure 15 a show the 5th embodiment of polarization analysis device, it includes condenser lens 5401, λ/4 wave plate 1502, two Wollaston prisms 1503 and 1504；The PBS in Figure 13 a wherein is replaced using Wollaston prisms, and uses two Dual chip photoelectric detector (PD) replaces two couples of single PD.Figure 15 b are shown before fiber optic coils relative to polarization point The Wollaston prism axis of direction x and y and the desired orientation of quarter-wave plate of beam device.Two Wollaston prisms are opposite There is identical orientation in x and y directions.As illustrated in fig. 15b include Wollaston prism axis 1511 and 1512, the ripple of and λ/4 Piece slow axis 1513.
Figure 16 shows the sixth embodiment of polarization fiber gyroscope (P-FOG), it includes light source 1601, light source 1603 (light source with polarization maintaining fiber pigtail, polarization maintaining optical fibre slow axis will be aligned with PBS1 by axis, or use ASE light sources 1603), can Select the wave plate of the polarizer 1604, λ/4 or 45 ° of faraday rotation mirrors 1605, polarization maintaining optical fibre slow axis 1606 and 1607, fiber optic loop 1608, The wave plate 1609 (can also not have to) of λ/4, the polarizer 1610.In the configuration, the master of input polarization and PBS1 from light source 1601 Axis is aligned so that input light is by PBS1 without any loss.Then light beam passes through polarization insensitive beam splitter (BS) and four After/mono- wave plate, two orthogonal polarized light beams are resolved into by PBS.A monitoring of photoelectric detector PD 3 can be selected and come from light The luminous power in source.Quarter-wave plate is orientated 45 ° relative to the main shaft x and y of input polarization and PBS.Light from fiber optic loop return after, A part for light beam through the polarizer 1610 will arrive PD1 after being reflected by BS.The polarizer 1610 and x and y are at 45 °.Another part will By BS, PD2 is reflexed to by PBS1 completely.The photoelectric current produced in PD1 and PD2 is：
Wherein βiIt is circuit gain, includes the responsiveness of PDi, αiIt is the light loss of light beam i.(the Δ φ when gyroscope is static =0), it is assumed that luminous power is constant, can obtain I "10With I "20.The photoelectric current I " of PD3 can be used3Carry out light source power drift prison Depending on and feedback op, to avoid measurement error caused by power excursion.
Adjust circuit gain and cause I "3=I "10=I "20, then rotation caused by phase can be obtained as below：
Δ φ=tan-1[(I"1-I"3)/(I"2-I"3)] (35)
Since there are larger opposite between the signal in the signal and PD1 and PD2 in PD3 caused by the delay of fiber optic loop Delay, so the intensity noise of light source can reduce the measurement accuracy in equation (35).
In figure 16, light source can also be integrated in dotted line frame with chip format, to reduce size and cost.In this feelings Under condition, PM optical fiber pigtails are not required in light source.
Figure 17 shows the 7th embodiment of P-FOG, and the PBS prisms in wherein Figure 16 are by Wollaston prisms 1706 Instead of.Remaining is as Figure 16, and equation (33) to (35) stands good.As shown in figure 17 includes (the band polarization-maintaining of light source 1701 The light source slow axis of optical fiber pigtail will be directed at PBS1 and pass through axis, or use ASE light sources 1703), the polarizer 1704 (it is optional, may not be used yet With), the wave plate of λ/4 or 45 ° of faraday rotation mirrors 1705, Wollaston prisms 1706, double-fiber collimator 1707, fiber optic loop 1710th, the wave plate 1711 (optional, can also not have to) of fiber optic loop polarization maintaining fiber pigtail 1708 and 1709, λ/4, the polarizer 1712.
Figure 18 shows the 8th embodiment of polarization fiber gyroscope (P-FOG), it includes (the band polarization maintaining optical fibre of light source 1801 Tail optical fiber light source slow axis will be directed at PBS1 and pass through axis, or use ASE light sources 1803), the optional polarizer 1804, the wave plate of λ/4 or 45 ° of methods Draw revolving mirror 1805, Wollaston prisms 1806, double-fiber collimator 1807, fiber optic loop 1810, fiber optic loop polarization maintaining optical fibre tail The wave plate 1811 of 1808 and 1809, λ of fibre/4, Wollaston prisms 1812, twin-core film explorer 1813.This is configured similarly to Figure 17, Except replacing polarizer 1712 with Wollaston prisms, and two from prism are detected partially using dual chip detector Shake the photoelectric current of component.Wollaston prisms can also be replaced with PBS polarization beam splitter prisms.In this case, will use Two single photoelectric detectors replace dual chip detector.Photoelectric current J in PD1, PD2 and PD31J2And J3It can represent For：
Adjustment circuit gain J10=J20=J30=J0So that obtain：
Sin Δs φ=(J2-J1)/(J2+J1) (39)
Cos Δs φ=[2J3/(J1+J2)-1] (40)
Before being calculated, electric current can also be converted into voltage.Equation (41) can be used to obtain Δ φ.However, Under the small speed of rotation with small Δ φ, can only equation (39) be used to obtain Δ φ.When Δ φ absolute values are close to pi/2, Equation (40) can be individually used for obtaining Δ φ, because equation (39) is in minimum sensitive spot when Δ φ changes.It can replace Ground using formula (39) and (40) to obtain Δ φ, depending on its absolute value.
In figure 16, figure 17, and figure 18, the light source that depolarizes of such as ASE source can be used.The light source can use single mode (SM) Optical fiber pigtail.In addition, in the case of the extinction ratio deficiency of PBS1, it can enter light source light using polarizer 1804 It is polarized before PBS1.
In order to further improve the signal-to-noise ratio of detection signal, lock phase amplifying circuit can be used, in Figure 19A and Figure 19B Two devices shown in.In the configuration, lock-in amplifier circuit output has the modulated signal of frequency f0 with modulated light source, and And the signal of the PD come in self-detection circuit is fed to the lock-in amplifier with the narrow-band pass filter centered on f0. Under this design, photoelectric detector can be with AC coupled, to eliminate dc shift and low-frequency noise.Modulated signal can be sinusoidal Ripple, square wave, saw ripple etc..The bandwidth of bandpass filter can be slightly larger than the expectation detection bandwidth of gyroscope, be about 1kHz.Due to Narrow bandwidth, can significant reduction detection noise.The locking magnification scheme can also be applied to other disclosed in patent document P-FOG is configured.As shown in Figure 19 a and 19b, light source can have tail optical fiber in outside or be encapsulated in inside P-FOG optical components, and Without lead.As shown in figure 19a, including light source 1901, the polarization gyro erected optical and detection circuit aggregate (frame in such as Figure 18 Device in line 1813) 1902, fiber optic loop 1905, fiber optic loop polarization maintaining optical fibre 1903 and 1904, detector signal 1906, amplification electricity Road or digital processing circuit-locking 1907, gyro signal output 1908.As shown in fig. 19b, including SLD or chip of laser 1911st, gyro erected optical and detection circuit 1912, fiber optic loop 1915, fiber optic loop polarization maintaining fiber pigtail 1913 and 1914, PD letters are polarized Number output 1916, amplifying circuit or digital processing circuit-locking 1917, gyro signal output 1918.
In some embodiments, phase-modulator can be added to realize the reduction for locking amplification noise, such as schemed Shown in 20a and Figure 20 b.Cost and the complexity increase of gained gyroscope may be caused by adding this phase-modulator.With tradition IFOG it is different, modulation depth volume here can be very small, because gyroscope is biased in most sensitive point.It is logical Cross phase-modulation with lock mutually to amplify, DC components are in formula (17), formula (22), formula (23), formula (25)~formula (28), formula (33), formula (34) can be eliminated automatically with formula (36)~formula (38).In this case, the configuration of Figure 10, Figure 16 and Figure 17 are probably enough 's.
Figure 21 shows that the rotation solved in equation (29) and formula (30) produces the ball bearing made module diagram of phase, right In the polarization analysis module (such as Figure 14 a, Figure 18) of two optical detector output, here by G in formula12I'10And G34I30Respectively by V1 and V2 represents that Δ φ is represented by φ (t).Wherein the first optical detector PD1 is when the electric signal output that 2101 modules produce is Between SIN function V1Sin (φ (t)), module 2101 produces the output of two branches, wherein all the way output enter module 2103 into Row is differentiated, and obtains V1 (d φ/dt) cos (φ (t)), and be output to module 2106；Wherein the second optical detector PD2 exists The electric signal output that 2102 modules produce is the cosine function V2cos (φ (t)) of time, and it is defeated that module 2102 produces two branches Go out, wherein output is differentiated into module 2104 all the way, obtain V2 (d φ/dt) cos (φ (t)), and be output to module 2106；Wherein module 2105 except receive the output from module 2104, also receive from module 2101 another way output, and Dock this received two paths of signals and carry out multiplying, obtain V1V2 (d φ/dt) sin2 (φ (t)) outputs；Wherein module 2106 Except receiving the output from module 2103, the another way output from module 2102 is also received, and dock this received two-way Signal carries out multiplying, obtains V1V2 (d φ/dt) cos2 (φ (t)) outputs；Module 2107 receives and comes from 2106 He of module 2105 output, and subtraction is carried out, obtainOutput；Module 2108 is received from 2107 output, and Integral operation is carried out, obtains output V1V2 (φ (t)+φ 0).Such circuit can be by the FPGA with firmware come real It is existing, the sequential operation of digital circuit can also be passed through.Using this circuit, very big rotating range can be obtained without meeting To non-linear.
In the above-mentioned example of polarization fiber gyroscope (P-FOG), the non-polarizing beamsplitter (BS) in Fig. 7, Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 It can be replaced with special polarization beam apparatus (SPBS), and downstream signal detection is carried out using improved optics.Figure 22 a show Gone out an example, its as illustrated in fig. 20, including light source 2201, polarization maintaining optical fibre slow axis or fast axle and Wollaston prisms into 45 ° or using single mode optical fiber using ASE light sources 2202, the optional polarizer 2203, optional isolator 2204, Wollaston prisms 2205th, double-fiber collimator 2206, PM fiber pigtails2207, phase-modulator 2208, fiber optic loop 2209, spatial light 2210th, condenser lens 2211, wave plate 2212, Wollaston prisms 2213, twin-core film explorer 2215, Wollaston prisms 2214th, twin-core film explorer 2216.Especially as shown in figure 22b, SPBS is designed to the p-polarization light of transmission about 90%, and And reflection, close to 100% polarised light and the p-polarization light (such as 10%) of sub-fraction, wherein tp is the transmissivity of p-polarization；And Rp and rs is respectively the polarized reflectance of p and s.As shown in Figure 22 a, the p-polarization light beam from light source is first by SPBS, then Into the Wollaston prisms 1 with p-polarization into 45 degree of angles, as shown in Figure 22 c, pass through double light by the two light beams of uniform beam splitting Fine collimater, is coupled in two PM optical fiber.Then two PM fiber Beam Ends are fused in fiber optic loop to form closed loop.From light The light beam that fine loop returns will be closed beam again by Wollaston prisms 1 and return to SPBS.The rotation of fiber optic loop will passed reversely Broadcast and phase shift is introduced between light wave and produces small s polarized portions.After inciding SPBS, SPBS causes the s light beams that rotation produces It will be reflected by SPBS 100%, be propagated jointly with the fraction p-polarization light beam of SPBS reflections.Non-polarizing beamsplitter (NPBS) is put Put in the lower section of SPBS so that light beam is divided into both direction.Light beam passes through the s axis or p axis of wave plate, wave plate optical axis and SPBS Alignment, subsequently into the Wollaston prisms 2 that 45 degree are oriented with s and p, is divided into both direction by light beam, is then focused into twin-core On piece detector.Another light beam reaches Wollaston prisms 3, its axis is orientated s and p, to focus on dual chip detection respectively In two photodetector chips on device 2.It is as follows, can be uniquely using the signal obtained from four detector chips Obtain rotary inductive phase.
The transmissivity that tp is p-polarization is made, rp and rs are p the and s polarized reflectances of SPBS respectively, and E0 is the light into SPBS Amplitude, β is the total losses of Wollaston prisms 1 and optical fiber circuit.It is p-polarization to make at the same time into the field of the light beam of SPBS, and And field transmission of the NPBS for s and p-polarization is all tn, the optical power difference into the PD1 and PD2 of dual chip detector 1 is：
ΔP12=(β tptnE0)2rsrpsinδsinφr (42)
Wherein sp+w is to be respectively from total differential phase between SPBS (sp) and the s and p-polarization component of wave plate (w), r Rotation induced phase between backpropagation ripple, it is as follows with the relation of the speed of rotation：
φr=(2 π D/ λ0) (nL/c) Ω==(2 π D/ λ0)τΩ, (43)
Wherein D is optical fiber ring diameter, is the centre wavelength of light source, and L is fiber optic loop fiber lengths, and n is effective folding of optical fiber Rate is penetrated, t is propagation time of the light by fiber optic loop.It is obvious that phase and the linear ratio of the fiber optic loop speed of rotation that rotation produces Example.
Ideally, it should be, to produce optimum detection sensitivity, as shown in equation (42).If sp=0, It should select wave plate that there is/4 delay.For the SPBS with non-zero sp, the delay of wave plate should be selected, makes w=sp.Allow=, its In be last phase, and be the function of temperature T, equation (42) can be expressed as：
ΔP12=(β tptnE0)2rsrpcosΔ(Τ)sinφr (44)
Therefore, even if the delay of wave plate and SPBS are related with temperature, differential power is also insensitive to temperature T.This temperature Dependence influence may slightly affected gyroscope scale factor, if the output of gyroscope at different temperatures is with solid The fixed speed of rotation (such as earth rotation) if measuring, can be calibrated.By accurately measuring the difference power of PD1 and PD2, The rotary inductive phase under the small rotary speed between backpropagation ripple can be accurately obtained, is practically without temperature effect.PD1 It can be only fitted to PD2 in the balance detection configuration of Figure 12 B or the conventional configuration of Figure 12 A.
On the other hand, can be expressed as into the optical power difference of the PD3 and PD4 of dual chip detector 2：
ΔP34=(β tprnrpE0)2cosφr (45)
Wherein rn is the s of NPBS and the reflectivity of p-polarization.It can be seen that the defeated of other ports of NPBS from equation (45) Go out (output 2) and sensitive is felt to the phase that rotation produces, and the influence of the differential phase not from SPBS and NPBS.Cause This, in the case where 1 pair of big rotary speed, output rotation are no longer sensitive, which can be used for accurate and delicately obtains Rotation information.Therefore, under big rotating speed, by accurately measuring the difference power of PD3 and PD4, can accurately obtain reversely Rotary inductive phase between propagating wave, influences without producing temperature.Similar to PD1 and PD2, PD3 and PD4 can be only fitted to figure In the balance detection configuration of 12B or the conventional configuration of Figure 12 a.
Technology shown in Figure 22 a, 22b and 22c can be realized with various configurations, to improve P- including following characteristics The performance and manufacturability of FOG：1) NPBS and dual chip detector 2 are added to obtain the cosine term for the phase that rotation produces, will Dynamic range is expanded to infinity；2) dual chip photoelectric detector and Wollaston prism arrangements are introduced and used, is significantly reduced The size of optical element is detected, is realized closely integrated；3) introduce and use optical fiber pigtail wollaston prism and collimater group Close, be advantageously integrated.
The example of above-mentioned polarization fiber gyroscope (P-FOG) is open loop device, therefore is inherited and open loop FOG Relevant some technical problems, such as poor scale factor.Lacking for open loop gyroscope can be overcome using closed loop P-FOG Point.Compared with conventional closed loop fibre optic gyroscope (FOG), closed loop P-FOG configurations disclosed herein can provide one or more Advantage：
1) speed of the phase-modulator used in P-FOG may be more slowly, and the phase-modulator of low cost can be used Instead of the high speed LiNbO3 modulators used in conventional closed loop FOG.It is, for example, possible to use based on stretch or extruding optical fiber it is low into This phase-modulator.
2) since the power swing of laser can be offset by balance detection scheme in application, used light source Can be much lower with cost, such as VCSEL lasers or the cheap laser for CD (CD) read-write.
3) power swing as caused by the light reflection interference in gyroscope light path is less sensitive, makes it in an assembling process It is required that it is relatively low, shorten installation time.
4) phase of gyroscope detection circuit or amplitude noise can be compressed to less than basic noise substrate by it, therefore can To achieve over the more accurate gyroscope of the basic limit of conventional closed loop FOG.This low cost FOG to pilotless automobile, Unmanned vehicle (UAV) and to need high accuracy to medium accuracy but the low other application of cost be attractive. In this system, enough precision and stabilities are not had for intended application based on the gyroscope of MEMS.
Figure 23 shows the example of closed loop polarization fiber gyroscope (P-FOG), it includes light source 2221, polarization maintaining optical fibre slow axis Fast axle and Wollaston prisms it is at 45 ° or using single mode optical fiber using ASE light sources 2222, the optional polarizer 2223, Wollaston prisms 2224, double-fiber collimator 2225, polarization maintaining fiber pigtail 2226, phase-modulator 2227, fiber optic loop 2228th, the wave plate 2230 of spatial light 2229, λ/4, the polarizer 2231, PD amplifying circuits 2232, gyro with digital processing circuit Output 2233.One low speed phase-modulator is placed on one end of fiber optic loop, and the sawtooth waveforms produced by signal processing circuit drives. The differential phase shift between two backpropagation light waves in fiber optic coils caused by the modulation is used to balance and is caused by coil rotation Differential phase shift.The slope of sawtooth waveforms produced by digital circuit causes the net differential phase always to remain zero, it is such as following Formula (47).The arrangement of other optical components is identical shown in Fig. 7-Figure 10.
If using polarized light source, should be coupled light into using PM optical fiber pigtails in dotted line frame.If using depolarizing Light source, such as ASE light sources, then should use sm fiber tail optical fiber.Light source can also be integrated in dotted line frame with chip form, to reduce Size and cost.In this case, optical fiber pigtail is not required in light source.In the case of using ASE source, it can use optional Polarizer is polarized light source.Also two polarization fiber (PZ) tail optical fibers can use to substitute two PM optical fiber pigtails, to obtain more preferable property Energy.It note that PD1 can be replaced with optical fiber collimator, to couple light into optical fiber.Then by the output coupling of optical fiber to PD In.
In order to eliminate the potential DC or low frequency wonder of photoelectric detector amplifying circuit, it is sometimes preferred to circuit AC is coupled, That is, it is only by the AC components of amplified signal, but blocks DC components.Therefore, received signal is necessary for AC forms.For the ease of This circuit design, light source should be modulated.A kind of suitable modulation format is square-wave frequency modulation, its periodicity with for modulating phase The saw ripple of position modulator is identical, as shown in figure 23.One kind selection is to will turn on the time as close possible to periodically, such as 90% Periodically.
Figure 24 shows another example of closed loop polarization fiber gyroscope (P-FOG), it includes light source 2401, polarization maintaining optical fibre Slow axis or fast axle and Wollaston prisms it is at 45 ° or using single mode optical fiber using ASE light sources 2402, the optional polarizer 2415, Wollaston prisms 2403, double-fiber collimator 2404, polarization maintaining fiber pigtail 2405, phase-modulator 2406, fiber optic loop 2407th, the wave plate 2409 of spatial light 2408, λ/4, condenser lens 2410, Wollaston prisms 2411, twin-core film explorer 2412, PD is detected with amplifying circuit and with driving sum number sub-figure process circuit 2413, gyro output 2414.Wherein using two inspections Device is surveyed to replace the single PD in Figure 23 to eliminate and reduce the common-mode noise in light path, such as laser RIN noises or reflexive The defects of penetrating or the interaction noise of miscellaneous part defect, such as the differential phase shift of BS, and eliminating wave plate and temperature dependency.Remove Outside phase-modulator, other optical components and its arrangement are with the configuration in Figure 14 roughly the same.Electronic unit is examined including PD Survey and amplify, for phase modulation modulator and the drive circuit of light source (optional), and signal processing circuit, for making detection The signal arrived is minimized with closed circuit.Two PD can be connected with the conventional configuration of Figure 12 A or the balanced arrangement of Figure 12 B, such as Shown in Figure 25.Note that dual chip PD can be replaced with double-fiber collimator to couple light into two single optical fiber.Then By the output coupling of two optical fiber into two separated PD.Figure 25 include light source 2501, polarization maintaining optical fibre slow axis or fast axle with Wollaston prisms are at 45 ° or use ASE light sources 2502, the optional polarizer 2503, Wollaston prisms using single mode optical fiber 2504th, double-fiber collimator 2505, polarization maintaining fiber pigtail 2506, phase-modulator 2507, fiber optic loop 2508, spatial light 2509, The wave plate 2510 of λ/4, condenser lens 2511, Wollaston prisms 2512, twin-core film explorer 2513, with driving and numeral at Manage amplifying circuit 2514, the gyro output 2515 of circuit.
Note that since the differential phase between two anti-spread light waves during close loop maneuver will stay in that zero, so not The configuration of PD3 and PD4 with the connection for being used to obtain the rotation induction phase in Figure 15 are needed again.From the sawtooth waveforms of generation Slope obtains rotary inductive phase, the phase produced for balance rotating.
Figure 26 shows another example of closed loop polarization fiber gyroscope (P-FOG), in wherein Figure 23, Figure 24 or Figure 25 Magnetic tape trailer fibre source is substituted by LD or SLED chips so that all optics, including light source, beam splitter, lens, Wollaston rib The component of mirror, double optical fibre optical fibre collimaters and photoelectric detector is desirably integrated into small package.Only fiber optic loop and electronic equipment It is just outer in encapsulation.It is as shown in figure 26, it include LD or SLED chips 2601, lens 2602, the optional polarizer 2603, Wollaston prisms 2604, double-fiber collimator 2605, polarization maintaining fiber pigtail 2606, phase-modulator 2607, fiber optic loop 2608th, the wave plate 2610 of spatial light 2609, λ/4, condenser lens 2611, Wollaston prisms 2612, twin-core film explorer 2613, Balance detection and amplifying circuit 2614 with driving and digital processing circuit, gyro output 2615.
Figure 27 shows another example of closed loop polarization fiber gyroscope (P-FOG), wherein beam splitter (BS) such as Figure 23, figure 24th, Figure 25 and Figure 26 is replaced by the special PBS (SPBS) in Figure 22.Wollaston prisms 3 in Figure 22 are due to close loop maneuver It is rather than required.It note that dual chip PD can be substituted with double-fiber collimator, to couple light into two separated optical fiber In.Then by the output coupling of two optical fiber into two separated PD.As shown in figure 27, it includes LD or SLED chips 2701st, lens 2702, the optional polarizer 2703, Wollaston prisms 2704, double-fiber collimator 2705, polarization maintaining fiber pigtail 2706th, the wave plate 2710 of phase-modulator 2707, fiber optic loop 2708, spatial light 2709, λ/4, condenser lens 2711, Wollaston Prism 2712, twin-core film explorer 2713, the balance detection and amplifying circuit 2714, gyro with driving and digital processing circuit Output 2715.
In above-mentioned all configurations, the component of most expensive is phase-modulator.Needed with conventional FOG using LiNbO 3 or High speed phase modulators made of other kinds of electro-optic crystal are different, and slow phase-modulation is only needed in this programme.In tradition FOG in, modulator must be driven with the square waves of sharp rising and falling edges first, the biography of the light around frequency and fiber optic loop It is inversely proportional between sowing time, the bandwidth of phase-modulator is about 1000MHz or higher.It is as follows, the phase tune in the solution The bandwidth requirement of device processed reduces 100 times, therefore creates condition for modulator and detector cost reduction, for manufacturing closed loop FOG, it is significant to reduce total gyro cost.In addition, the bandwidth of the light detection electronic installation needed for FOG disclosed herein reduces 100 times, cause noise much smaller (noise amplitude is 10 times small).Furthermore, it is possible to swashed with the low cost of such as VCSEL or CD lasers Light source replaces the broad bandwidth light source (such as ASE or SLED light sources) used in traditional closed loop FOG, reduce further total portion Part cost.
Modulation induced phase difference between counterpropagate light wave in fiber optic loop can be expressed as：
Δφμ=φ (τ)-φ (τ-τ)=(1/2) (δ φ/δ τ) τ=α τ (46)
It wherein it is the time difference between two anti-spread ripples for reaching phase-modulator, ddt is the linear of saw wave phase modulation Slope.Backfeed loop is to make total phase difference between two ripples be zero：
φr+Δφm=0or φr=-Δ φm (47)
At zero differential phase, rotary inductive phase is equal to the modulation-induced phase in amplitude, but has opposite symbol. As a result, phase-modulation slope can be obtained：
α=- φr/τ (48)
The phase that rotation produces can be expressed as：
φρ=(2 π Δs/λ0)τΩ (49)
Wherein D is optical fiber ring diameter, λ0It is the centre wavelength of light source, Ω is the speed of rotation of gyroscope.Revolved for eliminating The required modulation slope of phase is caused by turning：
α=(2 π D/ λ0)Ω (50)
The maximum modulation rate max of phase-modulator is
αmax=(2 π D/ λ0)Ωmax (51)
Wherein max is the maximum speed of rotation to be detected.As can be seen that max is unrelated with optical fiber ring length, it is only straight with coil D and max are proportional in footpath, are inversely proportional with wavelength.As an example, for D=5cm, wavelength 1.5um, maximum modulation speed and most Relation between the big speed of rotation is：
αmax=2*105*Ωmax (52)
For max=500 degree/s=2.8/s, maximum modulation speed is 1.75Mrad/s.
As an example, for the rotating speed of 0.1 and 0.01 degree/hour, required modulation rate be respectively about 100rad/s and 10rad/s.Those are the values that benefit is managed in engineering practice.
Close loop maneuver can be used for using the phase-modulator of fiber stretcher type in the configuration.For example, general light The optical phase shifter FPS-003 of electric company has 3 volts of V, the bandwidth of 40kHz and 150 volts of total driving voltage.This corresponds to The maximum phase modulation slope of 2Mrad/s, it is sufficient to for close loop maneuver.More optical fiber can be wound on PZT cylinders, with into One step reduces V, and this effectively increases the modulation rate of identical application voltage slope.
Another method of the inexpensive phase-modulator of manufacture is with electro-optic polymer or PZT coatings coating fiber.For The fiber optic modulator of PZT coatings is it is reported that the frequency response of about 10MHz.Can also be using rationing the power supply or magnetic resistance coating manufactures so Inexpensive phase-modulator.
Each technical characteristic of embodiment described above can be combined arbitrarily, to make description succinct, not to above-mentioned reality Apply all possible combination of each technical characteristic in example to be all described, as long as however, the combination of these technical characteristics is not deposited All should be considered as the scope that this specification is recorded in contradiction.
Embodiment described above only expresses the several embodiments of the present invention, its description is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously Therefore the limitation to the scope of the claims of the present invention cannot be interpreted as.It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art For, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to the guarantor of the present invention Protect scope.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (35)

1. one kind is used to be sensed based on light polarization and be sensed rotating method independent of optical interferometry, its feature exists In, including：
Inputs light beam will be polarized and be divided into the first light beam with the first light polarization and with second light orthogonal with the first light polarization Second light beam of polarization；
By the first and second light beam couplings to being subjected in the input/output end port of rotating optical loop, the first light beam is in the ring of light Propagated in road, the second light beam in the loop propagate by the direction opposite with first beam direction；Wherein light beam input/ Output port carries out 90 degree of polarization rotations；
The first and second light beams that experienced optical loop propagation are combined at input/output end port, produce beam combination conduct The light output of optical loop, while keep the first and second light beam polarizations orthogonal, without causing at input/output end port Optical interference between first and second light beams；
The polarization information of the light output of optical loop is detected, obtains polarization stokes component s3 and since optical loop is rotated to two-way The phase difference for the light that opposite direction is propagated is into SIN function relation；
Controlled by the use of the light output of optical loop as feedback to provide closed feedback loop to produce feedback control signal；
Phase-modulator is used in closed feedback loop, makes to enter at least one phase in the first and second light beam of optical loop Modulated, be zero by modulating counteracting polarization offset SIN function；
After the polarization offset of light output is offset, the information of phase-modulation is used, determines the rotation that optical loop is undergone.
2. a kind of sense rotating optical gyroscope independent of optical interferometry based on light polarization sensing, its feature exists In, including：
One light source sends a branch of light with light source output polarization state；
One polarization beam apparatus PBS or wollaston prism, receive the light of light source output polarization state, will have light source output polarization The light of state is divided into the first light beam with the first light polarization and the second light beam with the second light polarization as inputs light beam, described Second light polarization is orthogonal with the first light polarization；
One optical loop for being coupled to the polarization beam apparatus PBS or wollaston prism, has the first loop end and the second ring Terminal, the first loop termination receive first light beam, the first light beam is propagated in the optical loop along the first loop direction；The Second Ring Road end receives second light beam, makes the second light beam the second loop opposite with the first loop direction in the optical loop Propagate in direction；
One polarization rotation device, is placed in a light path in the first light beam or the second light beam, and polarization state is carried out 90 degree Polarization rotation；
The polarization beam apparatus PBS or wollaston prism merge first and second light beam from the optical loop Light, while first and second light beam polarized orthogonal each other is kept, without to produce between first and second light beam Raw optical interference, to produce the beam combination of the first and second light beams as the light output of optical loop；
One detection device, detects the light output to obtain the light polarization information on light output, and handles obtained pass In the light polarization information of light output, the rotation undergone with definite optical loop.
3. optical gyroscope as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that further comprise：
The polarization rotation device is a faraday rotation mirror or a half-wave plate；
The light that the light source is sent reaches polarization beam apparatus after passing through a non-polarizing beamsplitter or wollaston prism so that from The beam combination that polarization beam apparatus or wollaston prism return is reflexed to up to detection device by the non-polarizing beamsplitter.
4. optical gyroscope as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that
The inputs light beam with input polarization state is polarized by the light beam that light source is sent by one section of polarization maintaining optical fibre or one Device obtains, into 45 degree between polarization maintaining optical fibre or polarizer optical axis direction and polarization beam apparatus PBS or wollaston prism optical axis.
5. optical gyroscope as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the optical loop by polarization maintaining optical fibre coiling fiber optic loop Form；
The polarization beam apparatus PBS is coupled by two ports of two optical fiber collimators and fiber optic loop, or a Wollaston rib Mirror substitutes polarization beam apparatus, is coupled by two ports of a double-fiber collimator and fiber optic loop；
The inputs light beam with input polarization state passes through one section of polarization maintaining optical fibre or addition by the light beam that a light source is sent One polarizer obtains, into 45 degree between polarization maintaining optical fibre optical axis or polarizer optical axis direction and polarization beam apparatus PBS optical axises；
A beam splitter (BS) is added between the polarization maintaining optical fibre or the polarizer and polarization beam apparatus or wollaston prism, will Beam combination from polarization beam apparatus or wollaston prism reflexes to the detection device.
6. optical gyroscope as claimed in claim 5, further comprises：
One quarter-wave plate or 45 degree of Faraday rotators are placed on beam splitter (BS) and polarization beam apparatus PBS or Wo Lasi Between prism.
7. optical gyroscope as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the detection device includes：One beam splitter is used It is divided into four light in optics is exported；Four detectors are respectively used to receive the four roads light, and each detector receives the front end of light The polarizer of direction initialization is placed through, wherein the first polarizer optical axis direction is parallel with polarization beam apparatus optical axis direction, second Polarizer optical axis direction is vertical with the first polarizer optical axis direction, the 3rd polarizer and fourth inclined device optical axis direction and the first Inclined device into 45 degree, the 3rd or fourth inclined device front end also place quarter wave plate, so as to pass through four tunnels of light intensity acquisition for measuring four road light Four different Stokes' parameters in light；One processing unit, which is used for the Stokes' parameter different to measured four, to carry out Processing, determines the polarization state change that optical signal exports in optical loop, is changed using the polarization state of optical loop light output final Determine the turn signal in loop.
8. optical gyroscope as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the detection device includes：
The slow axis (or fast axle) of one quarter wave plate aligns with a polarization axle of polarization beam apparatus, defeated for combining for receiving Light extraction, and produce a wave plate output light；
One polarizer is placed on after the quarter wave plate, it is polarized direction with the quarter wave plate optical axis direction into 45 degree, uses To receive the output light from quarter wave plate, and produce an output light；
One optical detector is placed on after the polarizer, for receiving the output light from the polarizer, and will be received Light is converted into electric signal, for polarization analysis.
9. optical gyroscope as described in claim 2, it is characterised in that the detection device includes：
Slow (or fast) axis and polarization beam apparatus or wollaston prism optical axis of one quarter wave plate are described for receiving into 45 degree Output light is combined, and produces a wave plate output light；
One the second polarization beam apparatus is placed on after the quarter wave plate, for the output light from quarter wave plate is divided into two beams The orthogonal output light in polarization direction；A branch of output light of second polarization beam apparatus is polarized direction and the quarter wave plate Slow axis alignment；One optical detector is placed on the output port of the wherein a branch of output light of second polarization beam apparatus, is used for A branch of output light from the second polarization beam apparatus is received, and the light received is converted into electric signal, for polarization analysis；Separately An outer optical detector is placed on another optical output port of second polarization beam apparatus, inclined from second for receiving Shake other a branch of polarization state output light vertical with foregoing output light of beam splitter, and the light received be converted into electric signal, For polarization analysis.
10. optical gyroscope as described in claim 2, it is characterised in that the detection device includes：
Slow (or fast) axis and polarization beam apparatus or wollaston prism optical axis of one quarter wave plate are described for receiving into 45 degree Output light is combined, and produces a wave plate output light；
One the second Wollaston prism is placed on after the quarter wave plate, for the output light from quarter wave plate is divided into two The orthogonal output light in beam polarization direction；A branch of output light of second Wollaston prism is polarized direction and described 1/4 The slow axis alignment of wave plate；The fast axle pair for being polarized direction and quarter wave plate of another beam output light of second wollaston prism Together；One dual chip optical detector is placed on the light output end of second Wollaston prism, fertile from second for receiving Two beam output lights of Lars prism, and the light received is converted into electric signal respectively, for polarization analysis.
11. optical gyroscope as described in claim 2, it is characterised in that the detection device includes：
One detection device beam splitter is used to combination output light being divided into two beams according to a certain percentage；One quarter wave plate is used for connecing The first output light after carrying out self-test device beam splitter beam splitting is received, and produces a wave plate output light；
One the first polarization beam apparatus is placed on after the quarter wave plate, its optical axis and quarter wave plate optical axis alignment, in the future From the wave plate output light of quarter wave plate and it is beamed into the two orthogonal output lights in beam polarization direction；
First polarization beam apparatus produces first polarization beam apparatus the first beam splitting light；First polarization beam apparatus it is another A branch of beam splitting light is polarized direction and foregoing beam splitting light light, and to be polarized direction vertical, is first polarization beam apparatus the second beam splitting light；
First beam splitting optical detector of one the first polarization beam apparatus is placed on the first polarization beam apparatus transmission light output end Mouthful, for receiving the first beam splitting light from the first polarization beam apparatus, and the light received is converted into electric signal, for polarizing Analysis；
It is defeated that second beam splitting optical detector of one the first polarization beam apparatus is placed on the second beam splitting of the first polarization beam apparatus light Exit port, for receiving the second beam splitting light from the first polarization beam apparatus, and is converted into electric signal by the light received, is used for Polarization analysis；
It is mutual that one the second polarization beam apparatus will be divided into two beam polarization directions from second output light of detection device beam splitter The second vertical polarization beam apparatus output light；
Two detectors are individually positioned in two beam splitting optical output ports of second polarization beam apparatus, are respectively intended to receive and From two beam beam splitting light of the second polarization beam apparatus, and the light received is converted into electric signal respectively, for polarization analysis.
12. optical gyroscope as described in claim 2, it is characterised in that the detection device includes：
One detection device beam splitter is used to combination output light being divided into two beams according to a certain percentage；One quarter wave plate is used for connecing The first output light after carrying out self-test device beam splitter beam splitting is received, and produces a wave plate output light；
One the first Wollaston prism is placed on after the quarter wave plate, its optical axis and quarter wave plate optical axis alignment, for inciting somebody to action Wave plate output light from quarter wave plate is simultaneously beamed into the two orthogonal output lights in beam polarization direction；
First Wollaston prism produces first Wollaston prism the first beam splitting light；The first Wollaston rib Another beam beam splitting light of mirror is polarized direction and foregoing beam splitting light light, and to be polarized direction vertical, is first the second beam splitting of Wollaston prism Light；
The twin-core film explorer of one the first Wollaston prism is placed on the first wollaston prism optical output port, uses To receive the two-beam from the first Wollaston prism, and the light received is converted into electric signal, for polarization analysis；
One the second Wollaston prism will be divided into two beam polarization direction phases from second output light of detection device beam splitter Mutually the second vertical wollaston prism output light；
One dual chip optical detector is placed on two beam splitting optical output ports of second Wollaston prism, for receiving The two beam beam splitting light from the second Wollaston prism, and the light received is converted into electric signal respectively, for polarization analysis.
13. optical gyroscope as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that further include a signal modulator by modulated signal It is applied on light source output port；It is additionally included in the modulated signal for applying a specific frequency in detection unit using lock-in amplifier In the output light detected, when polarization state information for obtaining light output reduces detection noise.
14. a kind of polarization state based on light rotate the optical gyroscope of sensing, it is characterised in that：One is sent including a light source Shu Guang, first polarization beam apparatus is entered through first polarizer, and first polarization beam apparatus will receive Light is divided into first reflection vertical with the first transmission-polarizing beam-splitting light of a branch of first transmission-polarizing beam-splitting light and a branch of polarization direction Polarization beam splitting light, wherein to be polarized direction parallel for rise off-axis and the transmission of the first polarization beam apparatus of first polarizer, is worn with guarantee The first polarization beam apparatus can be completely extended across by crossing the light of first polarizer；
One non-polarizing beamsplitter receives the first transmission-polarizing light from the first polarization beam apparatus, and the described first transmission is inclined The light that shakes is divided into a branch of reflected light and through Beam；
One the 3rd optical detector is received from the reflected light for dividing polarization beam apparatus, is become for the power swing of monitoring system light source Change, so as to eliminate the measurement error that optical power change may be brought；
One the second polarization beam apparatus is used for the transmitted light from non-polarizing beamsplitter being divided into a branch of second transmission-polarizing beam-splitting Light and a branch of polarization state second reflecting polarization beam splitting light vertical with the second transmission-polarizing beam-splitting light polarization direction；
First quarter wave plate or the first faraday rotation mirror are placed between non-polarizing beamsplitter and the second polarization beam apparatus, The transmission of the optical axis direction and the second polarization beam apparatus of first quarter wave plate or the first faraday rotation mirror be polarized direction of principal axis into 45°；
One is used for producing the polarization-maintaining fiber coil for rotating sensing, its first port and the transmission output port of the second polarization beam apparatus It is connected, for receiving the second transmission-polarizing light from the second polarization beam apparatus, and the slow axis of polarization maintaining optical fibre and the second transmission The polarization direction of polarised light is consistent；The second port of the polarization-maintaining fiber coil and the reflection output port phase of the second polarization beam apparatus Connection, for receiving the second polarization by reflection light from the second polarization beam apparatus, and the slow axis of polarization maintaining optical fibre and the second reflection are inclined Shake light polarization direction it is consistent；
One the first optical detector, for receive it is being reflected by non-polarizing beamsplitter, from pass through the second polarization beam splitting Device closes return light beam, with fiber optic loop rotation information, passing through the first quarter wave plate again, and one first detection of generation Electric signal；One second polarizer is placed between the first optical detector and beam splitter, it plays the direction of off-axis and the second polarization Beam splitter to be polarized direction of principal axis at 45 °；One the second quarter wave plate is placed between second polarizer and beam splitter；
One the second optical detector is placed on a light output end of the first polarization beam apparatus, for receiving by the first polarization point Beam device reflect and transmission, by non-polarizing beamsplitter transmission return, from by the second polarization beam apparatus close beam, with light Fine ring rotation information, again pass through the first quarter wave plate return light, and produce one second detection electric signal；
One signal processing system is handled using the first and second detection electric signals, can analyze the rotation letter of fiber optic loop Breath.
15. such as the optical gyroscope in claim 14, it is characterised in that it is a Walla to further include second polarization beam apparatus Light from the first quarter wave plate is beamed into orthogonal two beam of polarization state and polarized by this prism, a double-fiber collimator Light is simultaneously coupled in polarization-maintaining fiber coil, and the combiner returned from polarization-maintaining fiber coil is returned to the first quarter wave plate.
16. such as the optical gyroscope of claim 14,15, it is characterised in that further include second polarizer and be changed to one the Two Wollaston prisms, for the light from the second quarter wave plate is beamed into the two orthogonal polarised lights of beam polarization state；Also wrap Include the first optical detector and be replaced with a dual chip optical detector, for receiving respectively from second Wollaston prism Two-beam, and two electric signals are produced, for polarimetry to analyze the rotation information of fiber optic loop.
17. optical gyroscope as claimed in claim 14, it is characterised in that further include a signal modulator and apply modulated signal It is added on light source output port；It is additionally included in detection unit and is existed using the modulated signal of lock-in amplifier one specific frequency of application In the output light detected, when polarization state information for obtaining light output reduces detection noise.
18. a kind of polarization state based on light rotate the optical gyroscope of sensing, it is characterised in that including：
The light that one light source is sent, first polarization beam apparatus or the first wet Lars are reached by a particular polarization beam splitter Pause prism, and the particular polarization beam splitter allows a part for the light of the first polarization state to pass through, and reflects a part of first polarization state Light, and the light of the second all vertical with the first polarization state polarization state；First polarization beam apparatus or the first Wollaston Light from particular polarization beam splitter, into 45 degree, it is mutual to be divided into polarization state by the optical axis of prism with the optical axis of particular polarization beam splitter Vertical two-beam；
It is inclined that two ports of one fiber optic loop receive two beams from the first polarization beam apparatus or the first wollaston prism respectively The orthogonal light of polarization state, and two-beam is propagated along opposite direction in fiber optic loop and return to the first polarization beam apparatus or After the generation of first wollaston prism converges light, into the particular polarization beam splitter, produce one and include a certain proportion of two The particular polarization beam splitter reflection output light of kind polarization state；
One the second polarization beam apparatus or wollaston prism are used for receiving the reflection output light from particular polarization beam splitter, and It is divided into the two orthogonal polarised lights of beam polarization state；Two optical detectors or a dual chip optical detector are used for receiving to come respectively From the second polarization beam apparatus or the two orthogonal polarised lights of beam polarization state of the second wollaston prism, two electric signals are produced Output；One quarter-wave plate be placed on particular polarization beam splitter and the second polarization beam apparatus or the second wollaston prism it Between light path in, optical axis direction and the particular polarization beam splitter optical axis alignment or vertical of the quarter-wave plate；
One detection device, detects and handles the output on two optical detectors or a twin-core film explorer obtained and believe Breath, the rotation undergone with definite fiber optic loop.
19. the polarization state based on light rotate the optical gyroscope of sensing as claimed in claim 18, it is characterised in that also into one Step includes：
One non-polarizing beamsplitter is placed in the light path between the quarter-wave plate and particular polarization beam splitter；Described four / mono- wave plate receives the light from particular polarization beam splitter by the reflection or transmission of non-polarizing beamsplitter；
One the second polarization beam apparatus or the second wollaston prism receive to be come beyond the quarter-wave plate is received From the transmitted light or reflected light of non-polarizing beamsplitter, and it is divided into the two orthogonal polarised lights of beam polarization state；Two optical detections Device or a dual chip optical detector receive respectively to be polarized from two beams of the second polarization beam apparatus or the second wollaston prism The orthogonal polarised light of state, produces two electric signal outputs；
The detection device, detects and handles the output on four optical detectors or two twin-core film explorers obtained and believe Breath, the rotation undergone with definite fiber optic loop.
20. the polarization state based on light as described in claim 2 or 14 or 18 or 19 rotate the optical gyroscope of sensing, its feature It is, still further comprises：
One phase-modulator for being coupled to the optical loop so that into the first and second light beams of the optical loop extremely A few phase is modulated；
One closed feedback control loop is coupled to detection device, using the light output of optical loop as feedback, to produce feedback Control signal, is applied to phase-modulator, phase modulation official post obtains the counter-propagating signal in light circuit by feedback control signal It is zero or is less than preset value with the gap between zero.
21. the polarization state based on light as described in claim 2,5,14,18 rotate the optical gyroscope of sensing, its feature exists In, further comprise, the light source is a chip type light source, be directly coupled to light input/output device or receive light it is inclined Shake on beam splitter.
22. a kind of sensing for the optical polarization based on light senses rotating method, including：
Inputs light beam with input optical polarization is decomposed into the first light beam with the first optical polarization and with first Second light beam of the second orthogonal optical polarization of optical polarization；
By in the input/output end port of the first and second light beam couplings to optical loop, to guide the first light beam in the first loop Propagated in optical loop, and propagation is opposite with the first circuit direction in optical loop in the second loop for the second light beam；
The light of first and second light beams is combined at input/output end port, without causing first at input/output end port And the second optical interference between light beam, the light beam to produce combination are exported as the optics of optical loop, are based on for sensing The phase difference φ between two counter propagating beams in the optical loop as caused by rotation, and with the linear ratio of the speed of rotation The rotation of the optical loop of example；
The polarization of the light output of optical loop is analyzed with polarization analysis instrument, to obtain at least two Stokes' parameter s2 of light output And s3, wherein s2 and s3 are equal to the two light beams phase of counterpropagate in optical loop caused by the rotation of the ring of light as caused by rotation The cosine function and SIN function of poor Δ φ；
The cosine function of the phase difference φ between the counter propagating beams in optical loop and sinusoidal letter are handled using algorithm The corresponding Stokes' parameter s2 and s3 of number, to determine the speed of rotation of optical loop.
23. according to the method for claim 22, wherein for handling Stokes' parameter s2 and s3 with definite light circulation The algorithm of the speed of rotation comprises the following steps：
S2 and s3 differentiate the time to obtain ds2/dt and ds3/dt；
S2 and s3 are multiplied to produce time-derivative s2*ds3/dt, and the time-derivative of s3 and s2 are multiplied to produce s3* ds2/dt；
S2*ds3/dt and s3*ds2/dt are subtracted each other, between two counter propagating beams in optical loop caused by being rotated The time-derivative of phase difference φ is d (Δ φ)/dt；
By d (Δ φ)/dt with time integral, with obtain it is with unlimited measurement range, in the optical loop as caused by rotation There is no nonlinearity erron, phase difference with rotation linearly speed and proportionality constant k between two counter propagating beams Δφ；
Proportionality constant k is obtained with some known rotary speed calibration；
Appointing with unlimited measurement range and without nonlinearity erron is obtained using the phase difference φ and proportionality constant k of acquisition The meaning speed of rotation.
24. method as claimed in claim 22, wherein the optics of analysis optical loop is exported to obtain the Si Tuo of optics output Gram this parameter comprises the following steps：
Light output is divided into the light beam of four beam constant powers；
0 degree of polarizer is placed in the first light beam, the first photoelectric detector is followed by, to produce the first detector signal P1；
90 degree of polarizers are placed in the second light beam, are followed by the second photoelectric detector, to produce the second detector signal P2；
45 degree of polarizers are placed in the 3rd light beam, the 3rd photoelectric detector are followed by, to produce the 3rd detector signal P3；
Circuit polarizer is placed in the 4th light beam, is followed by the 4th photoelectric detector, to produce the 4th detector signal P4；
Four detector signals are handled to obtain four Stokes' parameters：
S0=P1+P2
S1=(P1-P2)/S0
S2=COS (Δ φ)=(2P3-S0)/S0
S3=SIN (Δ φ)=(2P4-S0)/S0
25. the method for claim 22, wherein analysis light output with obtain the Stokes' parameter s2 of the light output of optical loop and S3 comprises the following steps：
Light output is resolved into the first analysis light beam and the second analysis light beam；
The phase difference φ between two counter propagating beams into the first analysis light beam introduces 90 degree of phase；
Beam splitting is analyzed into first light beam and second light beam orthogonal with the first light beam by first；
The power of the first light beam is detected to produce the first detector signal V1；
The power of the second light beam is detected to produce the second detector signal V2；
Stokes' parameter s3 is calculated as：S3=sin (Δ φ)=(V1- α V2)/(V1+ α V2), wherein α is equal to V1 and V2 Maximum ratio proportionality constant；
Described second analysis light beam is decomposed into threeth light beam and fourth polarised light orthogonal with first light beam Beam；
The power of the 3rd light beam is detected to produce the 3rd detector signal V3；
The power of the 4th light beam is detected to produce the 4th detector signal V4；
Stokes' parameter s2 is calculated as：S2=cos (Δ φ)=(V3- β V4)/(V3+ β V4), wherein β are equal to V3's and V4 The constant ratio of maximum.
26. the device for testing polarization as described in claim 2,3,5,7,11,12,19 further comprises：
At least two Stokes' parameter s2 and s3 of output beam are obtained from the light output of reception, wherein s2 and s3 are equal to two Phase difference between a counterΔφSine and cosine light beam is propagated as caused by the rotation of the ring of light：S2=cos (Δφ) With s3=sin (Δφ)；
By computing circuit or programmed algorithm, phase difference is obtained from s2 and s3Δφ。
27. optical gyroscope as claimed in claim 26, it is characterised in that phase difference is obtained by s2 and s3Δ φ simultaneously disappears RemoveThe algorithm of nonlinearity erron, comprises the following steps：
1) ds2/dt and ds3/dt are produced using the time-derivative of s2 and s3；
2) s2 is multiplied with the derivative of s3, and the derivative of s3 and s2 is multiplied to produce s2*ds3/dt and s3*ds2/dt；
3) s2*ds3/dt and s3*ds2/dt are subtracted each other, to obtain phase differenceΔφTime-derivative d (Δφ/dt)；
4) to d (Δφ/ dt) integral operation is carried out, try to achieve phase differenceΔφ。
28. optical gyroscope as claimed in claim 26, it is characterised in that for calculate without nonlinearity erron s2 and The out of phase of s3ΔφCircuit comprise the following steps：
1) s2 signals are divided into the first path and the first branch, and by s3 Signal separators into second channel passage path and second Disjoint paths；
2) signal of the first path is directed in the first derivation circuit to produce the first derivative signal ds2/dt, and second is led to The signal on road is directed in flection circuit, to produce alternate path derivative signal ds3/dt；
3) the first shunting sign is multiplied with flection signal ds3/dt using the first mlultiplying circuit, to obtain s2* ds3/dt；And the second shunting sign is multiplied with the first derivative signal ds2/dt using the second mlultiplying circuit and produces s3*ds2/dt；
4) s2*ds3/dt and s3*ds2/dt is summed with summing circuit, acquisition d (Δφ)dt；
5) using integrating circuit to d (Δφ)/dt quadratures over time, produces phase at different momentsΔφ。
29. calculating each step and related circuit of phase delta phi as claimed in claim 28, chip program or calculating can be used Machine program is realized.
30. as described in claim 9,10,11,14,15,18, the polarization analysis device further comprises：By to the first light Detect and the setting of the second optical detector so that the photoelectric conversion efficiency of two optical detectors is consistent.
31. the twin-core film explorer as described in claim 10,12,16,18,19, is detected using balanced detector, described Balanced detector is connected using two detector chips, by taking two detector chip difference between currents to be amplified.
32. as described in claim 2,3,5,7,11,12,19, the polarization analysis device further comprises：
First optical detector is in the SIN function V that the electric signal output that first shunt module of circuit produces is the time1Sin(φ (t)), the first circuit shunt module produces the output of two branches, wherein all the way output into one first differentiate module into Row is differentiated, and obtains V1(d φ/dt) cos (φ (t)), and it is output to a first multiplying module；Wherein the second light is visited Device is surveyed in the cosine function V that the electric signal output that second shunt module of circuit produces is the time2Cos (φ (t)), the second electricity Road shunt module produces two branches outputs, wherein output enters the second module of differentiating and differentiates all the way, acquisition V2(d φ/dt) cos (φ (t)), and it is output to a second multiplying module；Wherein the first multiplying module is except connecing The output for module of differentiating from first is received, also receives the another way output from second circuit shunt module, and to receiving This two paths of signals arrived carries out multiplying, obtains V1V2(dφ/dt)sin2(φ (t)) is exported；Wherein the second multiplying mould Output of the block except receiving module of differentiating from second, also receives the another way output from the first circuit shunt module, And dock this received two paths of signals and carry out multiplying, obtain V1V2(dφ/dt)cos2(φ (t)) is exported；One subtraction fortune Output of the module reception from the first multiplying module and with the second multiplying module is calculated, and carries out subtraction, is obtained V1V2 Output；One integral operation module receives the output from subtraction module, and carries out integral operation, obtains The rotation output V of optical gyroscope1V2(φ(t)+φ0)。
33. as claimed in claim 31, circuit module computing design, can also be by chip or computer into stroke Sequence, realizes the integral operation of modules.
34. as described in claim 2,3,5,9,10,12,16,18,19, increase in the light path before the wollaston prism One collector lens, for optical signal is focused on wollaston prism, to improve wollaston prism light reception intensity.
35. the polarization state based on light as described in claim 2,14,18,19 rotate the optical gyroscope of sensing, its feature exists In still further comprising：
The polarization information of the light output of optical loop is detected, obtains polarization stokes component s3 and since optical loop is rotated to two-way The phase difference for the light that opposite direction is propagated is into SIN function relation；
Controlled by the use of the light output of optical loop as feedback to provide closed feedback loop to produce feedback control signal；
Phase-modulator is used in closed feedback loop, makes to enter at least one phase in the first and second light beam of optical loop Modulated, be zero by modulating counteracting polarization offset SIN function；
After the polarization offset of light output is offset, the information of phase-modulation is used, determines the rotation that optical loop is undergone.
CN201710942796.6A 2017-10-11 2017-10-11 Non-interfering formula optical gyroscope and sensing spinning solution based on polarization detection technology Pending CN108036783A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201710942796.6A CN108036783A (en) 2017-10-11 2017-10-11 Non-interfering formula optical gyroscope and sensing spinning solution based on polarization detection technology

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201710942796.6A CN108036783A (en) 2017-10-11 2017-10-11 Non-interfering formula optical gyroscope and sensing spinning solution based on polarization detection technology

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN108036783A true CN108036783A (en) 2018-05-15

Family

ID=62093374

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201710942796.6A Pending CN108036783A (en) 2017-10-11 2017-10-11 Non-interfering formula optical gyroscope and sensing spinning solution based on polarization detection technology

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN108036783A (en)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108827344A (en) * 2018-07-20 2018-11-16 任元 A kind of gyroscopic effect verifying device of wave-particle vortex gyro
CN109099899A (en) * 2018-09-15 2018-12-28 西安奇芯光电科技有限公司 passive bias optical gyroscope
CN109540120A (en) * 2018-11-23 2019-03-29 华东师范大学 A kind of high-precision angular velocity measurement system and method based on fiber Raman amplification
CN110719132A (en) * 2018-07-13 2020-01-21 住友电工光电子器件创新株式会社 Method for adjusting a light source
CN111854724A (en) * 2020-07-30 2020-10-30 北京航空航天大学 Atomic spin precession detection device and method
CN113566806A (en) * 2021-07-26 2021-10-29 浙江大学 Single-polarization low-optical-noise spatial micromirror coupling system and digital signal processing system
CN114674302A (en) * 2022-05-30 2022-06-28 深圳奥斯诺导航科技有限公司 Dual-polarization optical fiber gyroscope with dead-end optical power recycling function
CN115077511A (en) * 2022-08-23 2022-09-20 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0七研究所 Hollow-core microstructure fiber-optic gyroscope capable of switching polarization mode
CN115876179A (en) * 2023-03-08 2023-03-31 中国船舶集团有限公司第七〇七研究所 Chip type integrated optical gyroscope
CN117804419A (en) * 2024-03-01 2024-04-02 中国船舶集团有限公司第七〇七研究所 Reciprocity phase adjustment light path, optical fiber gyroscope and adjustment method

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070121116A1 (en) * 2005-11-29 2007-05-31 Greening Thomas C Minimal bias switching for fiber optic gyroscopes
CN103777361A (en) * 2013-12-04 2014-05-07 匠研光学科技（上海）有限公司 Method for eliminating correlation between Faraday rotating mirror rotation angle and wavelength temperature, and rotating mirror
WO2014110299A1 (en) * 2013-01-10 2014-07-17 Xiaotian Steve Yao Non-interferometric optical gyroscope based on polarization sensing
CN105091877A (en) * 2015-05-11 2015-11-25 傅冼溶 Rotation sensing method based on polarization state of light and optical gyroscope thereof
CN105705907A (en) * 2013-06-11 2016-06-22 姚晓天 Energy-efficient optic gyroscope devices
CN105928501A (en) * 2016-04-27 2016-09-07 西安中科华芯测控有限公司 Integrated optical circuit structure fiber-optic gyroscope and work method thereof

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070121116A1 (en) * 2005-11-29 2007-05-31 Greening Thomas C Minimal bias switching for fiber optic gyroscopes
WO2014110299A1 (en) * 2013-01-10 2014-07-17 Xiaotian Steve Yao Non-interferometric optical gyroscope based on polarization sensing
CN105705907A (en) * 2013-06-11 2016-06-22 姚晓天 Energy-efficient optic gyroscope devices
CN103777361A (en) * 2013-12-04 2014-05-07 匠研光学科技（上海）有限公司 Method for eliminating correlation between Faraday rotating mirror rotation angle and wavelength temperature, and rotating mirror
CN105091877A (en) * 2015-05-11 2015-11-25 傅冼溶 Rotation sensing method based on polarization state of light and optical gyroscope thereof
CN105928501A (en) * 2016-04-27 2016-09-07 西安中科华芯测控有限公司 Integrated optical circuit structure fiber-optic gyroscope and work method thereof

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110719132A (en) * 2018-07-13 2020-01-21 住友电工光电子器件创新株式会社 Method for adjusting a light source
CN110719132B (en) * 2018-07-13 2023-11-21 住友电工光电子器件创新株式会社 Method for adjusting a light source
CN108827344B (en) * 2018-07-20 2022-06-03 任元 Gyro effect verification device of wave particle vortex gyro
CN108827344A (en) * 2018-07-20 2018-11-16 任元 A kind of gyroscopic effect verifying device of wave-particle vortex gyro
CN109099899A (en) * 2018-09-15 2018-12-28 西安奇芯光电科技有限公司 passive bias optical gyroscope
CN109540120B (en) * 2018-11-23 2022-05-06 华东师范大学 High-precision angular velocity measurement system and method based on optical fiber Raman amplification
CN109540120A (en) * 2018-11-23 2019-03-29 华东师范大学 A kind of high-precision angular velocity measurement system and method based on fiber Raman amplification
CN111854724B (en) * 2020-07-30 2022-01-28 北京航空航天大学 Atomic spin precession detection device and method
CN111854724A (en) * 2020-07-30 2020-10-30 北京航空航天大学 Atomic spin precession detection device and method
CN113566806A (en) * 2021-07-26 2021-10-29 浙江大学 Single-polarization low-optical-noise spatial micromirror coupling system and digital signal processing system
CN114674302A (en) * 2022-05-30 2022-06-28 深圳奥斯诺导航科技有限公司 Dual-polarization optical fiber gyroscope with dead-end optical power recycling function
CN115077511A (en) * 2022-08-23 2022-09-20 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0七研究所 Hollow-core microstructure fiber-optic gyroscope capable of switching polarization mode
CN115077511B (en) * 2022-08-23 2022-11-01 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0七研究所 Hollow-core microstructure fiber-optic gyroscope capable of switching polarization modes
CN115876179A (en) * 2023-03-08 2023-03-31 中国船舶集团有限公司第七〇七研究所 Chip type integrated optical gyroscope
CN117804419A (en) * 2024-03-01 2024-04-02 中国船舶集团有限公司第七〇七研究所 Reciprocity phase adjustment light path, optical fiber gyroscope and adjustment method

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US11268811B2 (en) Non-interferometric optical gyroscope based on polarization sensing
CN108036783A (en) Non-interfering formula optical gyroscope and sensing spinning solution based on polarization detection technology
US11293757B2 (en) Non-interferometric optical gyroscope based on polarization sensing and implementations of closed loop control allowing for slow phase modulation
CN105091877A (en) Rotation sensing method based on polarization state of light and optical gyroscope thereof
CN108534798B (en) Polarization nonreciprocal error elimination method in dual-polarization fiber-optic gyroscope and dual-polarization fiber-optic gyroscope
CN101629825B (en) Dual-polarization interferometric fiber-optic gyro
US4420258A (en) Dual input gyroscope
CN101660910B (en) Low-noise dual-polarization interference optic fiber gyroscope
CN105705907B (en) Low-consumption optical gyroscope equipment
EP0457668B1 (en) Fibre optic measuring device and gyroscope system for stabilisation, sensor for current or magnetic field
CN101886925B (en) Multi-wavelength interference type optical fiber gyro based on carrier modulation
WO2000019217A9 (en) In-line electro-optic voltage sensor
CN102426280B (en) Reflection-type Sagnac interference fiber current sensor
AU2002364176A1 (en) Symmetrical depolarized fiber optic gyroscope
JP2002504234A (en) Optical fiber gyroscope vibration error compensator
CN104729493A (en) Novel detection method of optical fiber gyroscope
CN105137147A (en) Optical voltage measuring apparatus
US4420259A (en) Double coupled dual input rate sensor
US4433915A (en) Dual-polarization interferometer with a single-mode waveguide
US5351124A (en) Birefringent component axis alignment detector
EP2635883A1 (en) Apolarized interferometric system, and apolarized interferometric measurement system
CN106796125B (en) Interference determination sensor with differential modulated phase-detection
Nicati et al. Stabilized Sagnac optical fiber current sensor using one phase and two amplitude modulations
CN103197119A (en) Interference type fiber optic current sensor based on magneto-optic modulation
De Carvalho et al. The Sagnac interferometer as a two-parameter sensor

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication
RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication

Application publication date: 20180515