CN108036735B - A kind of broadband laser cladding molten bath contour curve and its modeling method - Google Patents
A kind of broadband laser cladding molten bath contour curve and its modeling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108036735B CN108036735B CN201711247597.XA CN201711247597A CN108036735B CN 108036735 B CN108036735 B CN 108036735B CN 201711247597 A CN201711247597 A CN 201711247597A CN 108036735 B CN108036735 B CN 108036735B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2111/00—Details relating to CAD techniques
- G06F2111/10—Numerical modelling
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of broadband laser cladding molten bath contour curve and its modeling method, molten bath contour curve equation is,XOY coordinate system is by origin O, cladding scanning direction of molten bath forward position midpoint be negative direction of the x-axis establish cartesian coordinate system, y is that ordinate, the x of molten bath contour curve in the XOY coordinate system are abscissa, WmIt is molten bath center width, W0It is melt tank edge width, LmIt is molten bath total length on cladding direction.The curve is summarized by the melting pool shape testing result of broadband laser cladding engineer testing, the modeling method accuracy of the molten bath contour curve is high, using simple, effective weld pool geometry describes melting pool shape information, provides theoretical foundation and data reference for broadband laser cladding process monitoring and quality of cladding layer control.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of surface engineering technique, and in particular to a kind of broadband laser cladding molten bath contour curve and its build
Mould method.
Background technique
Laser melting coating is to be scanned using high energy laser beam in surface of workpiece, makes cladding layer material and matrix surface thin layer
It melts simultaneously, and forms a kind of material surface engineering technique of metallurgical bonding good coat after quickly solidifying.With traditional table
Surface treatment technique is compared, and laser melting coating has many advantages, such as heat affected area is small, cladding layer dilution rate is low and region is controllable.Mesh
Before, broad band laser can effectively reduce cladding layer overlap joint number, improve laser because of the feature that its beam energy is high, sphere of action is big
Cladding remediation efficiency, in terms of the large-scale key components and parts in the fields such as aerospace, petrochemical industry, automobile manufacture remanufacture reparation
It has a wide range of applications.
The setting of technological parameter will directly affect the geometrical morphology in molten bath in broadband laser cladding, and the geometry of laser molten pool
Pattern can reactive cladding layer quality to a certain extent, therefore the geometrical morphology for accurately and reliably describing molten bath joins technique
Number is adjusted and quantity of cladding parts control has great importance.Currently, the characterization of melting pool shape information mainly use molten bath length,
Width and molten bath zone area can describe molten bath state using these information, to realize laser melting coating to a certain extent
Automation control, but molten bath length, width and area can not uniquely determine the geometry in molten bath, therefore need to pass through work
The relationship between molten bath key geometric parameter and contour curve is established in skill test, constructs molten bath contour curve expression formula, is laser
Geometry description in cladding molten bath provides technical support with process monitoring.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of broadband laser cladding molten bath contour curve and its modeling method, which is logical
Cross what the melting pool shape testing result that broadband laser melting and coating process is tested was summarized, the modeling method of the molten bath contour curve is quasi-
True property is high, and using simple, effective weld pool geometry describes melting pool shape information, supervises for broadband laser cladding technical process
Control and quality of cladding layer control provide theoretical foundation and data reference.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that:
A kind of broadband laser cladding molten bath contour curve, on broadband laser cladding surface and vertical with Laser emission direction
In plane, molten bath contour curve equation are as follows:
Wherein, XOY coordinate system to be by origin O, cladding scanning direction of molten bath forward position midpoint be flute that negative direction of the x-axis establishes
Karr coordinate system, y are that ordinate, the x of molten bath contour curve in the XOY coordinate system are abscissa, WmIt is molten bath center width, W0
It is melt tank edge width, LmIt is molten bath total length on cladding direction；
Pool width maximum value is present in 0 contour curve first derivative and maximum value is equal to molten bath center width, right
Molten bath contour curve equation calculation first derivative, i, j value and Lm、L0It is related and there is relation of equal quantity each other,
Wherein, L0Be on cladding direction molten bath center to solidification edge distance.
A kind of modeling method for establishing above-mentioned broad band laser molten bath contour curve, comprising the following steps:
S1, according to process conditions select technological parameter carry out broadband laser cladding Central Composite design experiment, using by
The molten bath detection system that CCD/CMOS, filter system form acquires test crater image in real time；
S2, it cuts test crater image and is pre-processed, by image measurement molten bath geometric dimension, geometric dimension includes
Molten bath center width, melt tank edge width, the distance of molten bath total length and molten bath center to solidification edge on cladding direction；
S3, broadband laser cladding molten bath contour curve equation being derived, equation is as follows,
Wherein, XOY coordinate system to be by origin O, cladding scanning direction of molten bath forward position midpoint be flute that negative direction of the x-axis establishes
Karr coordinate system, y are that ordinate, the x of molten bath contour curve in the XOY coordinate system are abscissa, WmIt is molten bath center width, W0
It is melt tank edge width, LmIt is molten bath total length, L on cladding direction0Be on cladding direction molten bath center to solidification edge away from
From pool width maximum value is present in 0 contour curve first derivative and maximum value is equal to molten bath center width, takes turns to molten bath
Wide curvilinear equation calculates first derivative, i, j value and Lm、L0It is related and there is relation of equal quantity each other,
S4, verifying broadband laser cladding molten bath contour curve equation, randomly select one group of technique in process parameters range
Parameter carries out broadband laser cladding test, and the weld pool geometry of acquisition is substituted into molten bath contour curve equation, comparison molten bath wheel
The error of wide curve and the practical melt tank edge of image, verifies the accuracy of curvilinear equation.
Further, technological parameter includes laser power P, layer thickness T or powder feeding rate Vp, scan velocity V.
Further, pretreatment includes image gray processing and filtering noise reduction.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The molten bath contour curve is summarized by the melting pool shape testing result of broadband laser cladding engineer testing,
Compared with the existing method for describing molten bath state using information such as molten bath length, width and areas, the molten bath contour curve
Modeling method accuracy is high, and using simple, effective weld pool geometry describes melting pool shape information comprehensively；Swashed by broadband
Light cladding Central Composite design experiment realizes the quantitative description of broadband laser cladding molten bath key geometric parameter, constructs description
The curvilinear equation of molten bath profile can be used for instructing the broadband laser cladding process monitoring in actual production, improve cladding layer
The effect of quality control；Curve proposed by the present invention is versatile, especially suitable for broadband laser cladding field.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is broadband laser cladding molten bath geometrical model schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the crater image (1280 pixels × 960 pixels) of broadband laser cladding test acquisition.
Fig. 3 is the comparison diagram (500 pixels × 400 pixels) of broadband laser cladding molten bath contour curve and former crater image.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of broadband laser cladding molten bath contour curve, in broadband laser cladding surface and and Laser emission
In the vertical plane in direction, molten bath contour curve equation is,
Wherein, XOY coordinate system to be by origin O, cladding scanning direction of molten bath forward position midpoint be flute that negative direction of the x-axis establishes
Karr coordinate system, y are that ordinate, the x of molten bath contour curve in the XOY coordinate system are abscissa, WmIt is molten bath center width, W0
It is melt tank edge width, LmIt is molten bath total length, L on cladding direction0Be on cladding direction molten bath center to solidification edge away from
From；
Pool width maximum value is present in 0 contour curve first derivative and maximum value is equal to molten bath center width, right
Molten bath contour curve equation calculation first derivative, i, j value and Lm、L0It is related and there is relation of equal quantity each other,
Wherein, L0Be on cladding direction molten bath center to solidification edge distance.
A kind of modeling method for establishing above-mentioned broad band laser molten bath contour curve, comprising the following steps:
S1. broadband laser cladding test is carried out, this example, as cladding matrix, selects Ni60 alloy powder using 45# steel
As cladding material, powdering mode is coaxial powder-feeding method, selects technological parameter laser power P according to the process equipment of use, send
Powder rate Vp, scan velocity V initial range, wherein the initial range P of laser power be 2.0~3.0kW, powder feeding rate Vp's
Initial range is 0.5~1.0g/s, and the initial range of scan velocity V is 3.0~6.0mm/s.The technique ginseng that the present embodiment is chosen
Number laser power P is 2.8kW, powder feeding rate VpThe broadband laser cladding molten bath figure for being 5.0mm/s for 0.6g/s, scan velocity V
Picture, picture size are 1280 pixels × 960 pixels.
S2. test crater image is cut, picture size is 500 pixels × 400 pixels, and carries out image gray processing, filtering
The pre-treatment steps such as noise reduction, by image measurement molten bath geometric dimension, geometric dimension include molten bath center width be 196.707,
Melt tank edge width is 20.011, on cladding direction molten bath total length be 44.162 and molten bath center to solidification edge distance
It is 27.877.
S3. broadband laser cladding molten bath contour curve equation is derived, equation is as follows,
Wherein, for XOY coordinate system using molten bath forward position midpoint as origin O, cladding scanning direction is the flute card that negative direction of the x-axis is established
That coordinate system.Y is the ordinate of molten bath contour curve in the XOY coordinate system, and x is abscissa, WmIt is molten bath center width, W0It is
Melt tank edge width, LmIt is molten bath total length, L on cladding direction0Be on cladding direction molten bath center to solidification edge distance.
Pool width maximum value is present in 0 contour curve first derivative and maximum value is equal to molten bath center width, to molten bath profile
Curvilinear equation calculates first derivative, i, j value and Lm、L0It is related and there is relation of equal quantity each other,
S4. broadband laser cladding molten bath contour curve equation is verified, the weld pool geometry of acquisition is substituted into molten bath profile
Curvilinear equation compares the error of molten bath contour curve and the practical melt tank edge of image, verifies the accuracy of curvilinear equation.Test knot
Fruit is as shown in Figure 3, the results showed that the identical property of the molten bath contour curve proposed is preferable.
The molten bath contour curve is summarized by the melting pool shape testing result of broadband laser cladding engineer testing,
Compared with the existing method for describing molten bath state using information such as molten bath length, width and areas, the molten bath contour curve
Modeling method accuracy is high, and using simple, effective weld pool geometry describes melting pool shape information comprehensively；Swashed by broadband
Light cladding Central Composite design experiment realizes the quantitative description of broadband laser cladding molten bath key geometric parameter, constructs description
The curvilinear equation of molten bath profile can be used for instructing the broadband laser cladding process monitoring in actual production, improve cladding layer
The effect of quality control.Curve proposed by the present invention is versatile, especially suitable for broadband laser cladding field.
It should be understood that for those of ordinary skills, it can be modified or changed according to the above description,
And all these modifications and variations should all belong to the protection domain of appended claims of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of modeling method for establishing broad band laser molten bath contour curve, it is characterised in that: include the following steps,
S1, technological parameter is selected to carry out broadband laser cladding Central Composite design experiment according to process conditions, using by CCD/
The molten bath detection system that CMOS, filter system form acquires test crater image in real time；
S2, it cuts test crater image and is pre-processed, by image measurement molten bath geometric dimension, geometric dimension includes molten bath
Center width, melt tank edge width, the distance of molten bath total length and molten bath center to solidification edge on cladding direction；
S3, broadband laser cladding molten bath contour curve equation being derived, equation is as follows,
Wherein, XOY coordinate system to be by origin O, cladding scanning direction of molten bath forward position midpoint be Descartes that negative direction of the x-axis establishes
Coordinate system, y are that ordinate, the x of molten bath contour curve in the XOY coordinate system are abscissa, WmIt is molten bath center width, W0It is molten
Pond border width, LmIt is molten bath total length on cladding direction, pool width maximum value is present in 0 contour curve first derivative
And maximum value is equal to molten bath center width, to molten bath contour curve equation calculation first derivative, i, j value and Lm、L0Related and phase
There are relation of equal quantity between mutually,
Wherein, L0Be on cladding direction molten bath center to solidification edge distance；
S4, verifying broadband laser cladding molten bath contour curve equation, randomly select one group of technological parameter in process parameters range
Broadband laser cladding test is carried out, the weld pool geometry of acquisition is substituted into molten bath contour curve equation, comparison molten bath profile is bent
The error of line and the practical melt tank edge of image, verifies the accuracy of curvilinear equation.
2. establishing the modeling method of broad band laser molten bath contour curve as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: technological parameter
Including laser power P, powder feeding rate Vp, scan velocity V.
3. establishing the modeling method of broad band laser molten bath contour curve as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: pretreatment packet
Include image gray processing and filtering noise reduction.
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| CN108763801B (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2022-06-03 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Modeling method for geometric characteristics and dilution rate of laser additive remanufacturing cladding layer |
| CN109447939B (en) * | 2018-07-10 | 2022-01-28 | 南京理工大学 | Weld width prediction method before molten pool forming based on mixed spectrum vision |
| CN110608684B (en) * | 2019-08-12 | 2022-02-11 | 广东工业大学 | Single-layer multi-channel weld accumulation deposition effect detection method and system |
| CN110765629B (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2023-07-18 | 中冶赛迪信息技术(重庆)有限公司 | Method, system and equipment for calculating soft melting belt |
| CN111168067B (en) * | 2020-01-22 | 2021-07-27 | 南京理工大学 | Pore prediction and control method based on laser directional energy deposition |
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| CN101334807A (en) * | 2008-07-28 | 2008-12-31 | 中国航空工业第一集团公司北京航空制造工程研究所 | Electro-beam welding joint melting-coagulation area shape factor modeling and solving method |
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| CN101664853B (en) * | 2009-10-12 | 2012-10-17 | 上海交通大学 | Angle welding method of stainless steel sheet on basis of image processing |
| CN104574362A (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2015-04-29 | 汕头大学 | Passive visual system-based molten pool edge extraction method |
| CN105583522B (en) * | 2016-03-21 | 2018-03-27 | 苏州大学 | A kind of lateral bridging method of cladding layer and device |
| CN106529129A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2017-03-22 | 武汉理工大学 | Cladding layer cross section contour curve under broadband laser effect and modeling method |
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| CN101334807A (en) * | 2008-07-28 | 2008-12-31 | 中国航空工业第一集团公司北京航空制造工程研究所 | Electro-beam welding joint melting-coagulation area shape factor modeling and solving method |
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