CN108032463A - 报废汽车塑料回收的方法 - Google Patents

报废汽车塑料回收的方法 Download PDF

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CN108032463A
CN108032463A CN201711286634.8A CN201711286634A CN108032463A CN 108032463 A CN108032463 A CN 108032463A CN 201711286634 A CN201711286634 A CN 201711286634A CN 108032463 A CN108032463 A CN 108032463A
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parts
thermoplastic
abandoned car
polypropylene plastic
thermoplastic polypropylene
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付诚成
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Jingzhou Yun Cheng Auto Parts Co Ltd
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Jingzhou Yun Cheng Auto Parts Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
    • B29B17/0404—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling to powder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B9/00—Making granules
    • B29B9/02—Making granules by dividing preformed material
    • B29B9/06—Making granules by dividing preformed material in the form of filamentary material, e.g. combined with extrusion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
    • B29B2017/0203—Separating plastics from plastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
    • B29B2017/0213—Specific separating techniques
    • B29B2017/0262—Specific separating techniques using electrical caracteristics
    • B29B2017/0265—Electrostatic separation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
    • B29B2017/0213—Specific separating techniques
    • B29B2017/0268—Separation of metals
    • B29B2017/0272—Magnetic separation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/52—Mechanical processing of waste for the recovery of materials, e.g. crushing, shredding, separation or disassembly
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种报废汽车塑料回收的方法，包括以下步骤：1)、选出报废汽车的热塑性塑料件，并拣选出热塑性聚丙烯塑料件2)、对热塑性聚丙烯塑料件破碎，获得纤维在2mm以下的热塑性聚丙烯塑料粉末混合物；3)、采用铁磁分选分离出铁质金属碎屑和高压静电分选分离出细小的其它金属碎屑和金属漆；4)、将分选后的热塑性聚丙烯塑料破碎料充分搅拌混合，分2次以上取一定量进行熔融造粒，并注塑成力学性能测试的标准式样，进行性能测量。本发明具有系统的回收方法，之后再制造可以用于其他部件。

Description

报废汽车塑料回收的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种报废汽车塑料回收的方法。
背景技术
国外的处理方法是将非金属件压碎破碎，这样产生了大量的汽车破碎残留混合物，简称ASR，汽车破碎残留物由多种材料构成，这种混合物用现有的方法难以有效回收，国际上提出应用高温分解方法处理报废汽车塑料破碎残留混合物，热解方法是回收处理报废汽车塑料的较好的方法之一，可以热解出气体、液体和热解固体，对热解物作为燃料燃烧回收能量，但该技术正处于实验室研究阶段，工业上控制较为复杂，工业应用较少。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种报废汽车塑料回收的方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
1)、选出报废汽车的热塑性塑料件，并拣选出热塑性聚丙烯塑料件
2)、对热塑性聚丙烯塑料件破碎，获得纤维在2mm以下的热塑性聚丙烯塑料粉末混合物；
3)、采用铁磁分选分离出铁质金属碎屑和高压静电分选分离出细小的其它金属碎屑和金属漆；
4)、将分选后的热塑性聚丙烯塑料破碎料充分搅拌混合，分2次以上取一定量进行熔融造粒，并注塑成力学性能测试的标准式样，进行性能测量；
5)、依据热塑性聚丙烯塑料破碎料注塑后的性能测量结果，对分选出的塑料颗粒添加改性剂进行改性处理，根据改性剂的添加量，分别按需求得到高硬、高韧、以及高弹的最终材料，所述改性剂为50-80份马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯、20-22份六水氯化镁、7-8份偶联剂、8-10份PE蜡、1-7份抗光老化剂、2-5份抗氧化剂、8-10份脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚。
优选的是，还包括：
6)、将前述经改性处理的塑料颗粒加入造粒机造制热塑性聚丙烯塑料颗粒，并包装、入库备用。
优选的是，进行破碎时，分多次破碎，第一次破碎至5mm以下筛网，第二次破碎至2mm以下，期间去除部分金属漆。
优选的是，所述的高压静电分选使用双辊电晕放电高压静电分选机，电晕使用丝状电晕电极或针状电晕电极，电压取8kV，接地电极为辊状，其转速控制在50转/分钟。
本发明至少包括以下有益效果：报废汽车塑料回收的方法变废为宝，且减少了塑料垃圾，具有环保作用，具有系统的回收方法，之后再制造可以用于其他部件，也可以继续制造汽车内饰件和汽车外饰件以及其他汽车构件。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施方式对本发明做进一步的详细说明，以令本领域技术人员参照说明书文字能够据以实施。
本发明提供一种报废汽车塑料回收的方法，包括以下步骤：
1)、选出报废汽车的热塑性塑料件，并拣选出热塑性聚丙烯塑料件
2)、对热塑性聚丙烯塑料件破碎，获得纤维在2mm以下的热塑性聚丙烯塑料粉末混合物；
3)、采用铁磁分选分离出铁质金属碎屑和高压静电分选分离出细小的其它金属碎屑和金属漆；
4)、将分选后的热塑性聚丙烯塑料破碎料充分搅拌混合，分2次以上取一定量进行熔融造粒，并注塑成力学性能测试的标准式样，进行性能测量；
5)、依据热塑性聚丙烯塑料破碎料注塑后的性能测量结果，对分选出的塑料颗粒添加改性剂进行改性处理，根据改性剂的添加量，分别按需求得到高硬、高韧、以及高弹的最终材料，所述改性剂为50份马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯、20份六水氯化镁、7份偶联剂、8份PE蜡、1份抗光老化剂、2份抗氧化剂、8份脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚。
6)、将前述经改性处理的塑料颗粒加入造粒机造制热塑性聚丙烯塑料颗粒，并包装、入库备用。
尽管本发明的实施方案已公开如上，但其并不仅仅限于说明书和实施方式中所列运用。

Claims (4)

1.一种报废汽车塑料回收的方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
1)、选出报废汽车的热塑性塑料件，并拣选出热塑性聚丙烯塑料件
2)、对热塑性聚丙烯塑料件破碎，获得纤维在2mm以下的热塑性聚丙烯塑料粉末混合物；
3)、采用铁磁分选分离出铁质金属碎屑和高压静电分选分离出细小的其它金属碎屑和金属漆；
4)、将分选后的热塑性聚丙烯塑料破碎料充分搅拌混合，分2次以上取一定量进行熔融造粒，并注塑成力学性能测试的标准式样，进行性能测量；
5)、依据热塑性聚丙烯塑料破碎料注塑后的性能测量结果，对分选出的塑料颗粒添加改性剂进行改性处理，根据改性剂的添加量，分别按需求得到高硬、高韧、以及高弹的最终材料，所述改性剂为50-80份马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯、20-22份六水氯化镁、7-8份偶联剂、8-10份PE蜡、1-7份抗光老化剂、2-5份抗氧化剂、8-10份脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚。
2.根据权利要求1所述的报废汽车塑料回收的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
6)、将前述经改性处理的塑料颗粒加入造粒机造制热塑性聚丙烯塑料颗粒，并包装、入库备用。
3.根据权利要求1所述的报废汽车塑料回收的方法，其特征在于，进行破碎时，分多次破碎，第一次破碎至5mm以下筛网，第二次破碎至2mm以下，期间去除部分金属漆。
4.根据权利要求1所述的报废汽车塑料回收的方法，其特征在于，所述的高压静电分选使用双辊电晕放电高压静电分选机，电晕使用丝状电晕电极或针状电晕电极，电压取8kV，接地电极为辊状，其转速控制在50转/分钟。
CN201711286634.8A 2017-12-07 2017-12-07 报废汽车塑料回收的方法 Pending CN108032463A (zh)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110883987A (zh) * 2019-12-03 2020-03-17 深圳雅居乐环保科技有限公司 一种酚醛树脂基覆铜板的处理系统及回收利用方法
CN112297280A (zh) * 2020-10-19 2021-02-02 湖南映宏新材料股份有限公司 一种塑料基废弃物绿色资源化材料的制备方法
CN113119351A (zh) * 2021-04-26 2021-07-16 肥城联谊工程塑料有限公司 一种热塑性复合材料拉伸产品制备再生料的方法

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110883987A (zh) * 2019-12-03 2020-03-17 深圳雅居乐环保科技有限公司 一种酚醛树脂基覆铜板的处理系统及回收利用方法
CN112297280A (zh) * 2020-10-19 2021-02-02 湖南映宏新材料股份有限公司 一种塑料基废弃物绿色资源化材料的制备方法
CN113119351A (zh) * 2021-04-26 2021-07-16 肥城联谊工程塑料有限公司 一种热塑性复合材料拉伸产品制备再生料的方法

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