CN108032043A - The preparation method of materials with high melting point agitating friction weldering composite stirring head - Google Patents
The preparation method of materials with high melting point agitating friction weldering composite stirring head Download PDFInfo
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- CN108032043A CN108032043A CN201711338183.8A CN201711338183A CN108032043A CN 108032043 A CN108032043 A CN 108032043A CN 201711338183 A CN201711338183 A CN 201711338183A CN 108032043 A CN108032043 A CN 108032043A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
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- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses the preparation method of materials with high melting point agitating friction weldering composite stirring head.Stirring-head is made of the taper mixing needle of end and the cylindric shaft shoulder of root, its root and end are designed using round-corner transition.By material 1WC (Fe Co Ni), shaft shoulder center portion by material 2WC (Cu Ni) it is a compound embryo material of stirring-head through compression molding outside mixing needle and the shaft shoulder, it is machined after pre-sintered, then finished product is obtained through vacuum-sintering.Easy to operate, easy processing of the invention, substantially reduce the number the allowance of sintered article following process, reduces production cost, shorten the production cycle.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of powder metallurgy material preparation, more particularly to a kind of stirring of materials with high melting point rubs
Wipe the preparation method of weldering composite stirring head.
Background technology
Agitating friction weldering (Friction Stir Welding, hereinafter referred to as FSW) is a kind of emerging solid diffusivity skill
Art, mainly makes the position metal be in hot plastic state by the agitating friction heat between stirring-head and welded piece, and is stirring
Mix under the pressure effect of head from its front end posteriorly Plastic Flow, so that part to be welded pressure welding is an entirety.Since stirring rubs
Wipe the special connection mechanism of weldering so that stirring-head becomes the critical component of agitating friction weldering, and stirring-head can be by during the work time
There is particular/special requirement to the effect of huge mechanical force and high temperature, therefore for the high-temperature stability and heat resistance of stirring-head.
Stirring-head material has stainless steel, tool steel, high temperature alloy and ceramics etc. at present, and agitating friction weldering is used extensively
Large-scale application is obtained in the connection of the low melting materials such as aluminium, magnesium, and in departments such as aerospace, shipbuilding, communications and transportation.In view of
The advantages of FSW technologies, recent domestic researcher starts to conduct a research to the FSW technologies of materials with high melting point, to expand this
The application range of method.The most key part of materials with high melting point FSW technologies is tool design, due to the soldering set service life,
Materials with high melting point FSW technologies are still in conceptual phase.Than low melting material, stirred during materials with high melting point agitating friction weldering
The mechanical force that head can bear bigger carries, frictional heat carries and even more serious abrasion, and to stirring the requirement of head material more than eutectic
Will harshness during point material agitating friction weldering.For the materials with high melting point such as steel, titanium, relevant report shows maximum temperature during welding
More than 1000 DEG C, material that requirement can be met under such high-temperature is often refractory metal alloy or structural ceramics, this
The manufacture of a little materials and difficulty of processing are all larger.
Since common processing method easily causes tool wear, high processing costs, processing efficiency are low, can also allow product to produce
Larger machining stress and manufacturing deficiency, influence the material quality of product, therefore, select pre-sintered base substrate to be machined,
Not only the shortcomings that having overcome fully sintered body unworkability, but also processing efficiency is improved, reduce processing cost, processing method practicality
By force, application prospect is extensive.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of materials with high melting point agitating friction weldering composite stirring head, has that not easy to break, wear-resisting property is good
The characteristics of, while its preparation method is provided, easy processing, production cost is low.
Materials with high melting point agitating friction weldering composite stirring head is by the taper mixing needle of end and the cylindric shaft shoulder group of root
Material 1 be WC- (Fe-Co-Ni) outside into the mixing needle and the shaft shoulder of, the stirring-head, its component by mass fraction be 70~
Fe, Co, Ni mixed powder that 85% WC and total mass fraction is 15~30% form；The shaft shoulder center portion material 2 of stirring-head is WC-
(Cu-Ni), its component by mass fraction be 65~80% WC, 8~15% Ni and 12~20% Cu mixed powders form；Its
Preparation method, is characterized in that comprising the following steps：
S1. raw material is prepared：Proportioning according to WC- (Cu-Ni) and WC- (Fe-Co-Ni) weighs powder respectively, respectively adds matter
The binder polyethylene glycol (PEG) that fraction is 1~2% is measured, obtains two parts of mixed materials；
S2. ball mill mixing：The S1 two parts of mixtures prepared are respectively put into stainless steel jar mill, add appropriate anhydrous second
Alcohol, ZrO2Abrading-ball is medium, ratio of grinding media to material 10:1, sealing is put into ball milling 24h~48h in planetary ball mill, drum's speed of rotation
150r/min~250r/min, re-dry sieving, sealing；
S3. it is layered compression molding：After WC- (Fe-Co-Ni) mixed-powder first is filled up mould tapering, thin-wall stainless steel
Sleeve is placed in mould center, then WC- (Fe-Co-Ni) mixed-powder is injected between sleeve and mould, finally by WC- (Cu-Ni)
In powder injection sleeve, a compound embryo material is press-formed after sleeve is extracted out；
S4. it is pre-sintered：Molding pressed compact is put into vacuum sintering furnace, through 100 DEG C~200 DEG C insulation 60min~
120min~180min are kept the temperature at 200 DEG C~380 DEG C after 120min, then in 810 DEG C~880 DEG C insulations are 60min~90min,
It is cooled to room temperature and comes out of the stove to obtain pre-sintered stirring-head；
S5. it is machined：Pre-sintered stirring-head is machined according to required planform and size；
S6. high temperature sintering：Stock obtained by S5 is placed again into vacuum sintering furnace and is sintered, 1370 DEG C~1470 DEG C insulations
60min~90min, is cooled to room temperature and comes out of the stove to obtain stirring-head of the present invention.
The stirring-head shaft shoulder center portion is 3 with exterior thickness ratio:7~6:4, it is preferably 4:6.
The mixing needle root of the stirring-head and end are designed using round-corner transition.
The ratio of described Fe, Co, the Ni is respectively 60~70%, 15~20% and 15~20%.
Preferably, drying and screening processing described in step S2 is to dry 6h~8h in electrically heated drying cabinet with 70 DEG C~80 DEG C,
Then the powder after drying is crossed into the mesh sieve of 80 mesh~100.
Preferably, pressurization refers to the 200MPa~250MPa that pressurizes described in step S3, unloading pressure after pressurize 2min, then with
80% repressurization of first time pressure, pressurize 1min.
Stirring-head of the present invention is made of the taper mixing needle of end and the cylindric shaft shoulder of root, the mixing needle of stirring-head and
It is WC- (Fe-Co-Ni) alloy outside the shaft shoulder, shaft shoulder center portion is WC- (Cu-Ni) alloy.Using Fe-Co-Ni composite powders as
WC- (Fe-Co-Ni) alloy of Binder Phase has the features such as intensity and hardness are high, and wearability is good；Using Cu-Ni composite powders as
WC- (Cu-Ni) alloy of Binder Phase has the characteristics that toughness and thermal diffusivity are good.The hardness of stirring-head exterior material is high and is unfavorable for
Processing, therefore the method be machined-re-sintered prepares composition metal using composite coining proposed by the present invention-pre-sintering-
Stirring-head, make use of cokey and appropriate intensity of the alloy material under undersintering state, it is ensured that processing not fragmentation
While meet the requirement of high processing efficiency and precision again.Therefore, the processing of head is stirred on this basis, has both been overcome
The shortcomings that clean burn knot body unworkability, and the manufacture efficiency of stirring-head is substantially increased, while reduce manufacture cost.After processing
Sample dense structure, crystal grain are neat after high temperature is fully sintered again, ensure that materials with high melting point stirring friction welding agitator head institute
Need good wear-resisting property, high intensity, and good thermal diffusivity.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structure diagram of materials with high melting point agitating friction weldering composite stirring head of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.Unless stated otherwise, the embodiment of the present invention makes
Various raw materials can be obtained by conventional commercial, or be prepared according to the conventional method of this area, and device therefor is
Test commonly used equipment.Unless otherwise defined or described herein, all professional and scientific terms and art technology used herein
Meaning is identical known to skilled person.
Embodiment 1
The present invention provides a kind of materials with high melting point agitating friction weldering composite stirring head：
Stirring-head is made of the taper mixing needle of end and the cylindric shaft shoulder of root, material 1 outside mixing needle and the shaft shoulder
For WC- (Fe-Co-Ni) alloy, its component is made of Ni of the mass fraction for 80% WC, 13% Fe, 4% Co and 3%；
Shaft shoulder center portion material 2 is WC- (Cu-Ni) alloy, its component is by WC that mass fraction is 80%, the Cu groups of 8% Ni and 12%
Into；Stirring-head shaft shoulder center portion is 4 with exterior thickness ratio:6, mixing needle root and end are designed using round-corner transition；It is prepared
Method, comprises the following steps：
S1. raw material is prepared：Proportioning according to above-mentioned WC- (Cu-Ni) alloys and WC- (Fe-Co-Ni) alloy weighs powder respectively
End, it is each to add the binder polyethylene glycol (PEG) that mass fraction is 1%, obtain two parts of mixtures；
S2. ball mill mixing：The S1 two parts of mixtures prepared are respectively put into stainless steel jar mill, add appropriate anhydrous second
Alcohol, ZrO2Abrading-ball is medium, ratio of grinding media to material 10:1, sealing is put into ball milling 24h in planetary ball mill, drum's speed of rotation 250r/
Min, then with 70 DEG C of drying in electrically heated drying cabinet, time 8h, then crosses 80 mesh sieves by the powder after drying, sealing；
S3. it is layered compression molding：After WC- (Fe-Co-Ni) mixed-powder first is filled up mould tapering, thin-wall stainless steel
Sleeve is placed in mould center, then WC- (Fe-Co-Ni) mixed-powder is injected between sleeve and mould, finally by WC- (Cu-Ni)
In powder injection sleeve, unloading pressure after pressurize after sleeve is extracted out 200MPa, pressurize 2min, is then added again with 160MPa
Pressure, pressurize 1min are molded a compound embryo material；
S4. it is pre-sintered：Molding pressed compact is put into vacuum sintering furnace, in 380 DEG C of guarantors after 100 DEG C keep the temperature 120min
Warm 180min, then in 810 DEG C of insulations be 90min, it is cooled to room temperature and comes out of the stove to obtain pre-sintered stirring-head；
S5. it is machined：Pre-sintered stirring-head is machined according to required planform and size；
S6. vacuum-sintering：Stock obtained by S5 is placed again into vacuum sintering furnace and is sintered, 1370 DEG C keep the temperature 90min, cold
But come out of the stove to obtain stirring-head of the present invention to room temperature.
Stirring-head sintered body is dissected and carries out Vickers hardness and fracture toughness detection, the hardness outside mixing needle and the shaft shoulder is put down
It is 1310HV30, fracture toughness average out to 18.1MPam1/2；The hardness average out to 820HV30 of shaft shoulder center portion, fracture toughness
Average out to 22.2MPam1/2。
Embodiment 2
The present invention provides a kind of materials with high melting point agitating friction weldering composition metal stirring-head：
Stirring-head is made of the taper mixing needle of end and the cylindric shaft shoulder of root, material 1 outside mixing needle and the shaft shoulder
For WC- (Fe-Co-Ni) alloy, its component is made of Ni of the mass fraction for 75% WC, 15% Fe, 5% Co and 5%；
Shaft shoulder center portion material 2 is WC- (Cu-Ni) alloy, its component is by WC that mass fraction is 65%, the Cu groups of 15% Ni and 20%
Into；Stirring-head shaft shoulder center portion is 3 with exterior thickness ratio:7, mixing needle root and end are designed using round-corner transition；It is prepared
Method, comprises the following steps：
S1. raw material is prepared：Proportioning according to above-mentioned WC- (Cu-Ni) alloys and WC- (Fe-Co-Ni) alloy weighs powder respectively
End, it is each to add the binder polyethylene glycol (PEG) that mass fraction is 2%, obtain two parts of mixtures；
S2. ball mill mixing：The S1 two parts of mixtures prepared are respectively put into stainless steel jar mill, add appropriate anhydrous second
Alcohol, ZrO2Abrading-ball is medium, ratio of grinding media to material 10:1, sealing is put into ball milling 48h in planetary ball mill, drum's speed of rotation 150r/
Min, then with 80 DEG C of drying in electrically heated drying cabinet, time 6h, then crosses 100 mesh sieves by the powder after drying, sealing；
S3. it is layered compression molding：After WC- (Fe-Co-Ni) mixed-powder first is filled up mould tapering, thin-wall stainless steel
Sleeve is placed in mould center, then WC- (Fe-Co-Ni) mixed-powder is injected between sleeve and mould, finally by WC- (Cu-Ni)
In powder injection sleeve, unloading pressure after pressurize after sleeve is extracted out 250MPa, pressurize 2min, is then added again with 200MPa
Pressure, pressurize 1min are molded a compound embryo material；
S4. it is pre-sintered：Molding pressed compact is put into vacuum sintering furnace, in 200 DEG C of insulations after 200 DEG C keep the temperature 60min
120min, then in 880 DEG C of insulations be 60min, it is cooled to room temperature and comes out of the stove to obtain pre-sintered stirring-head；
S5. it is machined：Pre-sintered stirring-head is machined according to required planform and size；
S6. vacuum-sintering：Stock obtained by S5 is placed again into vacuum sintering furnace and is sintered, 1470 DEG C keep the temperature 60min, cold
But come out of the stove to obtain stirring-head of the present invention to room temperature.
Stirring-head sintered body is dissected and carries out Vickers hardness and fracture toughness detection, the hardness outside mixing needle and the shaft shoulder is
1220HV30, shaft shoulder fracture toughness are 20.2MPam1/2；The hardness average out to 740HV30 of shaft shoulder center portion, fracture toughness are average
For 23.8MPam1/2。
Embodiment 3
The present invention provides a kind of materials with high melting point agitating friction weldering composition metal stirring-head：
Stirring-head is made of the taper mixing needle of end and the cylindric shaft shoulder of root, material 1 outside mixing needle and the shaft shoulder
For WC- (Fe-Co-Ni) alloy, its component is made of Ni of the mass fraction for 85% WC, 9% Fe, 3% Co and 3%；
Shaft shoulder center portion material 2 is WC- (Cu-Ni) alloy, its component is by WC, the Cu of 14% Ni and 16% that mass fraction is 70%
Composition；Stirring-head shaft shoulder center portion is 6 with exterior thickness ratio:4, mixing needle root and end are designed using round-corner transition；It is made
Preparation Method, comprises the following steps：
S1. raw material is prepared：Proportioning according to above-mentioned WC- (Cu-Ni) alloys and WC- (Fe-Co-Ni) alloy weighs powder respectively
End, it is each to add the binder polyethylene glycol (PEG) that mass fraction is 2%, obtain two parts of mixtures；
S2. ball mill mixing：The S1 two parts of mixtures prepared are respectively put into stainless steel jar mill, add appropriate anhydrous second
Alcohol, ZrO2Abrading-ball is medium, ratio of grinding media to material 10:1, sealing is put into ball milling 36h in planetary ball mill, drum's speed of rotation 200r/
Min, then with 75 DEG C of drying in electrically heated drying cabinet, time 7h, then crosses 100 mesh sieves by the powder after drying, sealing；
S3. it is layered compression molding：After WC- (Fe-Co-Ni) mixed-powder first is filled up mould tapering, thin-wall stainless steel
Sleeve is placed in mould center, then WC- (Fe-Co-Ni) mixed-powder is injected between sleeve and mould, finally by WC- (Cu-Ni)
In powder injection sleeve, unloading pressure after pressurize after sleeve is extracted out 225MPa, pressurize 2min, is then added again with 180MPa
Pressure, pressurize 1min are molded a compound embryo material；
S4. it is pre-sintered：Molding pressed compact is put into vacuum sintering furnace, in 200 DEG C of insulations after 200 DEG C keep the temperature 60min
120min, then in 880 DEG C of insulations be 60min, it is cooled to room temperature and comes out of the stove to obtain pre-sintered stirring-head；
S5. it is machined：Pre-sintered stirring-head is machined according to required planform and size；
S6. vacuum-sintering：Stock obtained by S5 is placed again into vacuum sintering furnace and is sintered, 1450 DEG C keep the temperature 60min, cold
But come out of the stove to obtain stirring-head of the present invention to room temperature.
Stirring-head sintered body is dissected and carries out Vickers hardness and fracture toughness detection, it is average hard outside mixing needle and the shaft shoulder
Spend for 1380HV30, shaft shoulder fracture toughness average out to 17.6MPam1/2；The hardness average out to 660HV30 of shaft shoulder center portion, fracture
Toughness average out to 24.9MPam1/2。
The above is only the better embodiment to the present invention, not makees limit in any form to the present invention
System, any simple modification that every technical spirit according to the present invention makes embodiment of above, equivalent variations and modification,
Belong in the range of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. materials with high melting point agitating friction weldering composite stirring head is made of the taper mixing needle of end and the cylindric shaft shoulder of root,
Material 1 is WC- (Fe-Co-Ni) powder outside the mixing needle and the shaft shoulder of the stirring-head, its component is 70 ~ 85% by mass fraction
WC and total mass fraction be 15 ~ 30% Fe, Co, Ni mixed powder form；The shaft shoulder center portion material 2 of stirring-head is WC- (Cu-
Ni), its component by mass fraction be 65 ~ 80% WC, 8 ~ 15% Ni and 12 ~ 20% Cu mixed powders form；Its preparation method,
It is characterized in that comprising the following steps：
S1. raw material is prepared：Proportioning according to WC- (Cu-Ni) and WC- (Fe-Co-Ni) weighs powder respectively, each to add quality point
Number is 1 ~ 2% binder polyethylene glycol（PEG）, obtain two parts of mixed materials；
S2. ball mill mixing：By S1 prepare two parts of mixtures be respectively put into stainless steel jar mill, add appropriate absolute ethyl alcohol,
ZrO2Abrading-ball is medium, ratio of grinding media to material 10:1, sealing is put into ball milling 24h ~ 48h in planetary ball mill, drum's speed of rotation 150r/
Min ~ 250r/min, re-dry sieving, sealing；
S3. it is layered compression molding：After WC- (Fe-Co-Ni) mixed-powder first is filled up mould tapering, thin-wall stainless steel sleeve
Mould center is placed in, then WC- (Fe-Co-Ni) mixed-powder is injected between sleeve and mould, finally by WC- (Cu-Ni) powder
Inject in sleeve, a compound embryo material is press-formed after sleeve is extracted out；
S4. it is pre-sintered：Molding pressed compact is put into vacuum sintering furnace, through 100 DEG C ~ 200 DEG C keep the temperature 60min ~ 120min after
200 DEG C ~ 380 DEG C insulation 120min ~ 180min, then in 810 DEG C ~ 880 DEG C insulations be 60min ~ 90min, it is cooled to room temperature and comes out of the stove
Obtain pre-sintered stirring-head；
S5. it is machined：Pre-sintered stirring-head is machined according to required planform and size；
S6. high temperature sintering：Stock obtained by S5 is placed again into vacuum sintering furnace and is sintered, 1370 DEG C ~ 1470 DEG C insulation 60min ~
90min, is cooled to room temperature and comes out of the stove to obtain stirring-head of the present invention.
A kind of 2. materials with high melting point agitating friction weldering composite stirring head according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described to stir
It is 3 that a shaft shoulder center portion, which is mixed, with exterior thickness ratio:7~6:4, it is preferably 4:6.
A kind of 3. materials with high melting point agitating friction weldering composite stirring head according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described to stir
The mixing needle root and the shaft shoulder for mixing head are designed using round-corner transition.
4. a kind of preparation method of materials with high melting point agitating friction weldering composite stirring head according to claim 1, its feature
It is：The ratio of Fe, Co, Ni are respectively 60 ~ 70%, 15 ~ 20% and 15 ~ 20%.
5. a kind of preparation method of materials with high melting point agitating friction weldering composite stirring head according to claim 1, its feature
It is：Drying and screening processing described in step S2 is with 70 DEG C ~ 80 DEG C drying 6h ~ 8h in electrically heated drying cabinet, then by after drying
Powder cross the mesh sieve of 80 mesh ~ 100.
6. a kind of preparation method of materials with high melting point agitating friction weldering composition metal stirring-head according to claim 1, its
It is characterized in that：Pressurization described in step S3 refers to unloading pressure after pressurization 200MPa ~ 250MPa, pressurize 2min, then with for the first time
80% repressurization of pressure, pressurize 1min.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711338183.8A CN108032043B (en) | 2017-12-14 | 2017-12-14 | Preparation method of friction stir welding composite stirring head for high-melting-point material |
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| CN201711338183.8A CN108032043B (en) | 2017-12-14 | 2017-12-14 | Preparation method of friction stir welding composite stirring head for high-melting-point material |
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| CN109514075A (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2019-03-26 | 上海航天设备制造总厂有限公司 | A kind of functionally gradient stirring friction welding agitator head laser near-net-shape method |
| CN109822208A (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2019-05-31 | 北京赛福斯特技术有限公司 | A kind of Double-head double-side efficient rate agitating friction soldering equipment and its welding method |
| CN111250711A (en) * | 2020-03-10 | 2020-06-09 | 山东大学 | One-step forming preparation method of titanium carbonitride base metal ceramic stirring head |
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| CN109514075A (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2019-03-26 | 上海航天设备制造总厂有限公司 | A kind of functionally gradient stirring friction welding agitator head laser near-net-shape method |
| CN109822208A (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2019-05-31 | 北京赛福斯特技术有限公司 | A kind of Double-head double-side efficient rate agitating friction soldering equipment and its welding method |
| CN111250711A (en) * | 2020-03-10 | 2020-06-09 | 山东大学 | One-step forming preparation method of titanium carbonitride base metal ceramic stirring head |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN108032043B (en) | 2020-04-14 |
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