CN103934566A - Method for improving abrasion resistance of stir head for stir-friction welding of high-strength aluminum alloy - Google Patents
Method for improving abrasion resistance of stir head for stir-friction welding of high-strength aluminum alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN103934566A CN103934566A CN201410177688.0A CN201410177688A CN103934566A CN 103934566 A CN103934566 A CN 103934566A CN 201410177688 A CN201410177688 A CN 201410177688A CN 103934566 A CN103934566 A CN 103934566A
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 title abstract description 17
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000004372 laser cladding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910001315 Tool steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007712 rapid solidification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910018134 Al-Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910018467 Al—Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910018464 Al—Mg—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910009043 WC-Co Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001148 Al-Li alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018182 Al—Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001060 Gray iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001182 Mo alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001080 W alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010210 aluminium Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003026 anti-oxygenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003913 materials processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001138 tear Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
-
- B22F1/0003—
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
- C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
- C22C19/056—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being at least 10% but less than 20%
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
- C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
- C22C19/057—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being less 10%
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
- C22C32/0052—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only carbides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2301/00—Metallic composition of the powder or its coating
- B22F2301/15—Nickel or cobalt
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2301/00—Metallic composition of the powder or its coating
- B22F2301/20—Refractory metals
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2301/00—Metallic composition of the powder or its coating
- B22F2301/25—Noble metals, i.e. Ag Au, Ir, Os, Pd, Pt, Rh, Ru
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2302/00—Metal Compound, non-Metallic compound or non-metal composition of the powder or its coating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2302/00—Metal Compound, non-Metallic compound or non-metal composition of the powder or its coating
- B22F2302/45—Others, including non-metals
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2303/00—Functional details of metal or compound in the powder or product
- B22F2303/01—Main component
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2303/00—Functional details of metal or compound in the powder or product
- B22F2303/05—Compulsory alloy component
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
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- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for improving abrasion resistance of a stir head for stir-friction welding of a high-strength aluminum alloy. The method aims at solving the problems that abrasion resistance of a stir head for stir-friction welding of the high-strength aluminum alloy in the prior art is poor. According to the method for improving abrasion resistance of the stir head for stir-friction welding of the high-strength aluminum alloy, strip-shaped laser cladding abrasion-resistant layers are evenly cladded on the surfaces of a shaft shoulder and a stir pin of the stir head through the laser cladding technology, wherein the strip-shaped laser cladding abrasion-resistant layers are formed by mixing a laser clad alloy and WC particles. The weight percentage of the WC particles and the laser clad alloy is that the WC particles counts for 10-20% of the total weight, and the laser clad alloy comprises, by weight, 5-15% of Cr, 5-15% of Co, 2-5% of Si, 3-6% of W and 1-4% of Pd, and the remaining is Ni. The surfaces of the shaft shoulder and the stir pin of the stir head are heated through laser beams with high energy density to form the strip-shaped laser cladding abrasion-resistant layers, the width of the strip-shaped laser cladding abrasion-resistant layers is 2-3mm, the height is 0.05-0.2mm, and the number of strips on the surfaces of the shaft shoulder and the stir pin is 3-8.
Description
Technical field
A kind of method that the present invention relates to stirring-head wearability that improves agitating friction welding high strength alumin ium alloy, belongs to welding and interconnection technique field.
Background technology
Aluminium alloy has that density is low, intensity is high, thermal conductivity is good, corrosion-resistant, be easy to the advantages such as shaping and recovery, its consumption on automobile is the trend of sustainable growth, the future development towards vehicle body parts and structural member by casting parts gray iron, piston, case of transmission, wheel hub etc., becomes the second largest materials used in auto manufacturing that is only second to iron and steel.It is the trend of automobile industry development that the application of aluminium alloy in automobile constantly increases, and is also the demand of social development.At present, the aluminium alloy that applicable automobile structure is used is mainly heat treatment reinforcement high strength alumin ium alloy, have Al-Mg (5000 series), Al-Mg-Si (6000 series) and the large series of Al-Mg-Zn (7000 series) three, the vehicle body parts that manufacture requirement of strength is higher and structural member are as beam, post, safety door hook, front end beater or beat-up, engine support etc.Because the physical and chemical performance of heat treatment reinforcement high strength alumin ium alloy is special, very responsive to temperature and composition variation, when welding, there is certain difficulty, require solder technology higher, be more hard-to-weld material in all metals, restricted to a great extent its extensive use in automobile structure.In recent years, along with the development of solder technology and Welded new technology, for the application of aluminium alloy in automobile provides solid technical support, also for the further raising of China's automobile structure aluminium alloying degree provides valuable experience.Aluminium alloy car parts and structural member adopt more solder technology to have spot welding, MIG, TIG, Laser Welding, Laser-Arc Hybrid Welding, soldering and friction stir welding etc.
Spot welding, MIG, TIG, Laser Welding and Laser-Arc Hybrid Welding in fact all belong to melting category, heat treatment reinforcement aluminium alloy causes hardening constituent to be separated out in welding process center tap region owing to being subject to heat effect local melting, connector area is softening, weld metal zone tissue will change, and joint mechanical property and corrosion resistance are lower than mother metal.Heat treatment reinforcement aluminium alloy contains more low melting point element, and fusion temperature is low, and when solder brazing, the fusion temperature of solder is close with the fusion temperature of aluminium alloy, the easy burning of aluminium alloy, and brazing quality is difficult to control.
Agitating friction welding is by the agitating friction between stirring-head High Rotation Speed and workpiece, and friction produces heat makes this position metal in thermoplasticity state, and under the pressure-acting of stirring-head from its front end to rear portion Plastic Flow, thereby weldment is welded together.Friction stir welding is a kind of solid phase interconnection technique under mechanical force and frictional heat effect, and after welding, the residual stress of structure is less with distortion, and the many weldability problems that can avoid molten solder to bring, are suitable for the welding of nonferrous materials.It is more that agitating friction is welded in the welding aspect research application of aluminium alloy, and the aluminium alloy that has successfully carried out agitating friction welding comprises 2000 row (Al-Cu), 5000 series (Al-Mg), 6000 series (Al-Mg-Si), 7000 series (Al-Mg-Zn) and 8000 series (Al-Li) etc.At present, the key problem that friction stir welding welding aluminum alloy exists is the aluminium alloy of stirring-head bad adaptability and quick abrasion, especially heat treatment reinforcement, and its intensity and hardness are high, and in welding process, stirring-head wearing and tearing are faster.Stirring-head wearing and tearing will make mechanical force and frictional heat change, and finally affect combination and the mechanical property of joint.Agitating friction welding is not high to the requirement of equipment, and the most basic requirement is to produce mechanical friction heat by rotatablely moving of stirring-head with the relative motion of workpiece, and therefore, the core component of the aluminium alloy of agitating friction welding heat treatment reinforcement is exactly stirring-head.
Stirring-head is made up of retained part, the shaft shoulder and mixing needle, and damaged part is mainly the shaft shoulder and mixing needle.The stirring-head shaft shoulder and the mutual friction of surface of the work phase produce frictional heat, and prevent that the metal material of stirring-head plastic deformation in the time of High Rotation Speed from ejecting from weld metal zone, play the effect of removing surface film oxide simultaneously.Along with the movement of stirring-head, pyroplastic deformability's metal material flows to the behind of stirring-head, the solid-state weld seam of the cooling rear formation of metal material at stirring-head rear.The mixing needle of stirring-head not only provides heat input in friction welding (FW) process, and plays mechanical agitation.Stirring-head is as the easily-consumed products in the production of agitating friction welding aluminium alloy, and not only consumption is large, and the quality of its quality directly affects welding quality, productivity ratio and cost.The material of stirring-head and structural design are one of most important technology in stirring friction-welding technique, and butt welded seam forming quality and metal fluidity have important impact.Stirring-head material should have the characteristics such as heat resistance, wearability, creep resistance, resistance to impact, workability, material inertia, heat endurance, friction effect be good.The stirring-head of suitable material can increase friction, improves the input of heat, is conducive to the plastic deformation of weld metal material at high temperature and improves welding quality.
In recent years, the material of stirring-head and structural design receive Welder author and stirring friction-welding technique user's concern always, and deliver many sections of papers at relevant academic journal, see (1) Journal of Materials Processing technology, 2006,178 (1-3): 342-349; (2) Materials Transactions, 2005,46 (10): 2211-2217; (3) Proceedings of the Japan Welding Society, 2005,23 (2): the academic journals such as 186-193.Related invention patent is also a lot, as Chinese patent 201310410290.2,201180065081.8,201310316992.4 etc.Consult existing document visible, the stirring-head material that can be used as agitating friction welding is a lot, be wearability better and there is the metal material of certain high-temperature thermal stability performance, stirring-head as heat treated tool steel, mould steel, nickel-base alloy, WC-Co steel alloy, pure tungsten, molybdenum alloy, Co-Al-W alloy and two kinds of metal materials combinations of employing: the shaft shoulder adopts mould steel, and mixing needle material is WC-Co steel alloy etc.
Adopt the stirring-head that single metal material is manufactured to be difficult to meet the requirement to high high-temp stability and wearability simultaneously, and the wearability of metal material is very limited, the wearing and tearing of the stirring-head shaft shoulder and mixing needle will make mechanical force and frictional heat change, and affect the reliability and stability of follow-up welding point.And composition, tissue and the performance difference of the stirring-head shaft shoulder of two combinations of materials and retaining part and mixing needle material are larger, linkage interface is undergone mutation, and causes joint impact resistance poor; Meanwhile, the stirring-head of two combinations of materials only considers to improve the wearability of mixing needle, does not take into account effect and the wearability of the shaft shoulder, the wearability of the shaft shoulder is lower than the wearability of mixing needle, the two wearability is not mated, and the shaft shoulder weares and teares prior to mixing needle, and result is to lose efficacy in advance because the wearing and tearing of the shaft shoulder make stirring-head.Visible, be badly in need of finding a kind of effective ways to improve high high-temp stability and the wearability of stirring and friction-welding stirring-head.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of method of the stirring-head wearability that improves agitating friction welding high strength alumin ium alloy, by laser melting and coating technique at the stirring-head shaft shoulder and the deposited one deck striated of mixing needle surface uniform wear-resistant coating, improve the wearability of the stirring-head shaft shoulder and mixing needle simultaneously, and by increasing specific area and the coefficient of friction on the shaft shoulder and mixing needle surface, improve heat input, thereby be convenient to the plastic deformation of weld metal material at high temperature, improve speed of welding and quality.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions, and accompanying drawings is as follows:
1, a kind of method of the stirring-head wearability that improves agitating friction welding high strength alumin ium alloy, mix by laser cladding alloy and WC particle the striated laser fusing and coating wear-resistant coating forming at the stirring-head shaft shoulder 2 and the deposited one deck of mixing needle 3 surface uniform by laser melting and coating technique, its laser cladding alloying component is, taking nickel as base alloy composition, add chromium Cr, cobalt Co, silicon Si, tungsten W, palladium Pd, count by weight percentage Wt%:Cr:5-15; Co:5-10; Si:2-5; W:3-6; Pd:1-4; Ni: surplus.
2, described laser fusing and coating wear-resistant coating, the percentage by weight of its WC particle and laser cladding alloy is the 10-20% that WC particle accounts for gross weight.
3, described laser fusing and coating wear-resistant coating, its striated wear-resistant coating width is 2-3mm, is highly 0.05-0.2mm; The shaft shoulder and mixing needle striated surface number are 3-8 bar.
4, the method for described a kind of stirring-head wearability that improves agitating friction welding high strength alumin ium alloy, comprises following processing step:
The first step, adopts heat treated alloy tool steel by forging and mechanical processing technique processing and manufacturing stirring-head;
Second step, adopting granular size is 30-50 μ m, purity is that 99.99% Ni, Cr, Co, Si, W, Pd metal are evenly mixed with into deposited alloy by the combination of design mix proportioning, and WC particle is chosen within the scope of 30-50 μ m, and the deposited alloy preparing is mixed with WC particle;
The 3rd step, evenly applies the stirring-head shaft shoulder 2 and mixing needle 3 surfaces by the deposited alloy mixing and WC particle by binding agent, utilizes the laser beam heats of high-energy-density to form striated wear-resistant coating at the shaft shoulder 2 and mixing needle 3 surfaces.
Compared with prior art the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
By at the stirring-head shaft shoulder 2 and the deposited one deck striated of mixing needle 3 surface uniform wear-resistant coating, improve the wearability of the stirring-head shaft shoulder 2 and mixing needle 3, increase specific area and the coefficient of friction on the shaft shoulder 2 and mixing needle 3 surfaces simultaneously, improve the input of heat, be conducive to the plastic deformation of weld metal material at high temperature and improve speed of welding and quality.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the stirring-head shaft shoulder of the present invention and mixing needle striated surface shape laser cladding of coating structural representation;
Fig. 2 is stirring-head shaft shoulder surface laser cladding striated wearing layer.
In figure: 1. retaining part; 2. the shaft shoulder; 3. mixing needle.
Detailed description of the invention
Further illustrate detailed content of the present invention and detailed description of the invention thereof below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
One, laser cladding method of the present invention is to add cladding alloy material at matrix surface, and the laser beam that utilizes high-energy-density melts cladding alloy material and the surface layer of adding simultaneously, and form and become the surface wearable coating of metallurgical binding with matrix after rapid solidification.By adjusting cladding alloying component, granularity and wild phase content etc., can obtain the wear-resistant coating with certain anti-wear performance.Cladding alloy composition definite extremely important.Heat treated alloy tool carbon content of steel is higher, and contains the alloying elements such as Cr, Si, Mn, W, Ni, Mo, V, in order to improve quenching degree, tempering resistance, thermohardening and the wearability of steel.Laser cladding substrate material surface after treatment easily produces fragility phase, causes overlay to be combined with matrix material and emphasizes to reduce.Therefore, self should have good plasticity and toughness deposited alloy, and wants high with matrix material bond strength.
Cladding alloy of the present invention, taking nickel (Ni) as base alloy composition, adds chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), silicon (Si), tungsten (W), palladium (Pd).Adopting granular size is 30-50 μ m, and Ni, Cr, Co, Si, W, Pd metal that purity is 99.99% are evenly mixed with into deposited alloy by the combination of certain ingredients proportioning.Cladding alloy composition (counting by weight percentage Wt%): Cr:5-15; Co:5-10; Si:2-5; W:3-6; Pd:1-4; Ni: surplus.The determined cladding alloy composition of the present invention takes into full account the high-temperature behavior of alloy and the binding ability of matrix material and wild phase.Nickel has good ductility, high warm nature, corrosion resistance and antioxygenic property, and nickel-base alloy is usually used in manufacturing part and the high temperature bond alloy of hot operation.Chromium can improve non-oxidizability and the strengthening ni solid solution of deposited alloy.Cobalt ductility is good, and better with nickel intersolubility, at high temperature can keep its original intensity, improves the elevated temperature strength of deposited alloy.Silicon can be strengthened solid solution, improves wearability.Tungsten can be strengthened deposited alloy, improves the high-temperature behavior of deposited alloy.Palladium can improve the binding ability of deposited alloy and matrix material and wild phase.
Two, in order to improve the wearability of overlay, in cladding alloy, add 10-20 (counting by weight percentage Wt%) tungsten carbide particle, evenly apply the stirring-head shaft shoulder and mixing needle surface by binding agent, utilize the laser beam of high-energy-density that cladding alloy and the surface layer of adding are melted simultaneously, after rapid solidification, form the striated surface shape wear-resistant coating that becomes metallurgical binding with matrix.Wherein, WC particle size should be chosen within the scope of 30-50 μ m.
Three, consult Fig. 2 and 3, according to stirring-head physical dimension, at the shaft shoulder 2 and the mixing needle 3 surface uniform distribution 3-8 bar laser cladding striated wear-resistant coatings of stirring-head, striated wear-resistant coating width is controlled at 2-3mm, height 0.05-0.2mm.The floor height of striated wear-resistant coating is too high, and in stir friction welding process, weldment easily produces vibrations, affects welding quality.The floor height of striated wear-resistant coating is too high should be by machine finish.
Four, the method for a kind of stirring-head wearability that improves agitating friction welding high strength alumin ium alloy of the present invention, its concrete manufacturing technology steps is:
The first step, processing and manufacturing stirring-head.Stirring-head is made up of retained part, the shaft shoulder and mixing needle, adopts commercially available heat treated alloy tool steel by forging and mechanical processing technique processing and manufacturing stirring-head.Alloy tool steel hardness after heat treatment can reach 63-65HRC, adopts heat treated alloy tool steel processing and manufacturing stirring-head, can keep the rigidity of retained part, can keep again the high-temperature stability of the shaft shoulder and mixing needle.
Second step, processing and manufacturing laser cladding alloy and wear-resistant coating thereof.Cladding alloy, taking nickel as base alloy composition, adds chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), silicon (Si), tungsten (W), palladium (Pd).Cladding alloying component (counting by weight percentage Wt%): Cr:5-15; Co:5-10; Si:2-5; W:3-6; Pd:1-4; Ni: surplus.Adopting granular size is 30-50 μ m, and Ni, Cr, Co, Si, W, Pd metal that purity is 99.99% are evenly mixed with into deposited alloy by the combination of certain ingredients proportioning.The deposited alloy preparing by design mix is mixed according to a certain ratio with WC particle again.WC particle size should be chosen within the scope of 30-50 μ m, and the percentage by weight of WC particle and deposited alloy should be controlled the shared percentage by weight of WC particle at 10-20%.
The 3rd step, laser cladding wear-resistant coating.The deposited alloy preparing by design mix is mixed according to a certain ratio by binding agent and evenly applies the stirring-head shaft shoulder 2 and mixing needle 3 surfaces with WC particle again, utilize the laser beam of high-energy-density that cladding high-abrasive material and the surface layer of adding are melted simultaneously, after rapid solidification, form the striated surface shape wear-resistant coating that becomes metallurgical binding with matrix.Consult Fig. 2 and 3, according to stirring-head physical dimension, at the shaft shoulder 2 and mixing needle 3 surface uniform distribution 3-8 bar laser cladding striated wear-resistant coatings, striated wear-resistant coating width is controlled at 2-3mm, height 0.05-0.2mm.Table 1 is laser cladding alloy wear-resisting coating material composition and performance thereof.
Table 1 laser cladding alloy wear-resisting coating material composition and performance thereof
Five, carry out wear test by repeatedly applying abrasion tester, result shows, compare with the stirring and friction-welding stirring-head that adopts the manufacture of heat treated alloy tool steel homogenous material, of the present invention by laser melting and coating technique the method at the stirring-head shaft shoulder and the deposited one deck striated of mixing needle surface uniform wear-resistant coating, make the wearability of the stirring-head shaft shoulder and mixing needle improve 2-4 doubly.Visible, the method of the invention can significantly improve the wearability of the stirring-head shaft shoulder and mixing needle, increases the specific area on the shaft shoulder and mixing needle surface simultaneously, rubs by increase, strengthen the input of heat, be conducive to the plastic deformation of weld metal material at high temperature and improve speed of welding and quality.
Claims (4)
1. one kind is improved the method for the stirring-head wearability of agitating friction welding high strength alumin ium alloy, mix by laser cladding alloy and WC particle the striated laser fusing and coating wear-resistant coating forming at the stirring-head shaft shoulder (2) and the deposited one deck of mixing needle (3) surface uniform by laser melting and coating technique, laser cladding alloying component is wherein, taking nickel as base alloy composition, add chromium Cr, cobalt Co, silicon Si, tungsten W, palladium Pd, count by weight percentage Wt%:Cr:5-15; Co:5-10; Si:2-5; W:3-6; Pd:1-4; Ni: surplus.
2. the method for a kind of stirring-head wearability that improves agitating friction welding high strength alumin ium alloy according to claim 1, it is characterized in that laser fusing and coating wear-resistant coating, the percentage by weight of its WC particle and laser cladding alloy is the 10-20% that WC particle accounts for gross weight.
3. the method for a kind of stirring-head wearability that improves agitating friction welding high strength alumin ium alloy according to claim 1, is characterized in that laser fusing and coating wear-resistant coating, and its striated wear-resistant coating width is 2-3mm, is highly 0.05-0.2mm; The shaft shoulder and mixing needle striated surface number are 3-8 bar.
4. the method for a kind of stirring-head wearability that improves agitating friction welding high strength alumin ium alloy according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprises following processing step:
The first step, adopts heat treated alloy tool steel by forging and mechanical processing technique processing and manufacturing stirring-head;
Second step, adopting granular size is 30-50 μ m, purity is that 99.99% Ni, Cr, Co, Si, W, Pd metal are evenly mixed with into deposited alloy by the combination of design mix proportioning, and WC particle is chosen within the scope of 30-50 μ m, and the deposited alloy preparing is mixed with WC particle;
The 3rd step, the deposited alloy mixing and WC particle are evenly applied to the stirring-head shaft shoulder (2) and mixing needle (3) surface by binding agent, utilize the laser beam heats of high-energy-density to form striated wear-resistant coating at the shaft shoulder (2) and mixing needle (3) surface.
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| CN105195891A (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2015-12-30 | 长春工业大学 | Static shaft shoulder stirring head with reduced viscosity |
| CN106392300A (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2017-02-15 | 北京世佳博科技发展有限公司 | Method for prolonging service life of stirring head of friction stir welding |
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| CN108032043A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-05-15 | 湘潭大学 | The preparation method of materials with high melting point agitating friction weldering composite stirring head |
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| CN109822208A (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2019-05-31 | 北京赛福斯特技术有限公司 | A kind of Double-head double-side efficient rate agitating friction soldering equipment and its welding method |
| CN110216365A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-09-10 | 上海航天设备制造总厂有限公司 | A kind of friction stir welding method of enhancing aluminum-base composite material by silicon carbide particles |
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| CN112705845A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-04-27 | 吉林大学 | Wear-resistant coating and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112705845B (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2022-02-01 | 吉林大学 | Wear-resistant coating and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112719817A (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2021-04-30 | 铜陵学院 | Split friction stir welding stirring head for laser cladding spiral wear-resistant stripe coating and processing method thereof |
| CN114986092A (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2022-09-02 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of preparation method of multi-layer material stirring head of microstructure array |
| CN114986092B (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2023-08-04 | 南京航空航天大学 | Preparation method of multi-layer material stirring head with microstructure array |
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