CN103934566B - A kind of method of the stirring-head wearability that improves agitating friction welding high strength alumin ium alloy - Google Patents
A kind of method of the stirring-head wearability that improves agitating friction welding high strength alumin ium alloy Download PDFInfo
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000004372 laser cladding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001315 Tool steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910018134 Al-Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910018467 Al—Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910018464 Al—Mg—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910009043 WC-Co Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001148 Al-Li alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018182 Al—Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001060 Gray iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001182 Mo alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001080 W alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010210 aluminium Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003026 anti-oxygenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007712 rapid solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001138 tear Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
-
- B22F1/0003—
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
- C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
- C22C19/056—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being at least 10% but less than 20%
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
- C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
- C22C19/057—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being less 10%
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
- C22C32/0052—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only carbides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2301/00—Metallic composition of the powder or its coating
- B22F2301/15—Nickel or cobalt
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2301/00—Metallic composition of the powder or its coating
- B22F2301/20—Refractory metals
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2301/00—Metallic composition of the powder or its coating
- B22F2301/25—Noble metals, i.e. Ag Au, Ir, Os, Pd, Pt, Rh, Ru
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2302/00—Metal Compound, non-Metallic compound or non-metal composition of the powder or its coating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2302/00—Metal Compound, non-Metallic compound or non-metal composition of the powder or its coating
- B22F2302/45—Others, including non-metals
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2303/00—Functional details of metal or compound in the powder or product
- B22F2303/01—Main component
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2303/00—Functional details of metal or compound in the powder or product
- B22F2303/05—Compulsory alloy component
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of method of the stirring-head wearability that improves agitating friction welding high strength alumin ium alloy, its objective is the problems such as the stirring-head that solves the agitating friction welding high strength alumin ium alloy that prior art exists wears no resistance. The method of a kind of stirring-head wearability that improves agitating friction welding high strength alumin ium alloy proposing is to mix by laser cladding alloy and WC particle the striated laser fusing and coating wear-resistant coating forming at the stirring-head shaft shoulder and the deposited one deck of mixing needle surface uniform by laser melting and coating technique. Laser fusing and coating wear-resistant coating, the percentage by weight of its WC particle and laser cladding alloy is the 10-20% that WC particle accounts for gross weight, laser cladding alloying component counts by weight percentage Wt%:Cr:5-15; Co:5-10; Si:2-5; W:3-6; Pd:1-4; Ni: surplus, utilize the laser beam heats of high-energy-density to form striated wear-resistant coating at the shaft shoulder and mixing needle surface, striated wear-resistant coating width is 2-3mm, is highly 0.05-0.2mm; The shaft shoulder and mixing needle striated surface number are 3-8 bar.
Description
Technical field
A kind of method that the present invention relates to stirring-head wearability that improves agitating friction welding high strength alumin ium alloy, belongs to welding and is connectedTechnical field.
Background technology
Aluminium alloy has that density is low, intensity is high, thermal conductivity is good, corrosion-resistant, is easy to be shaped and the advantage such as recovery, and it is on automobileConsumption be the trend of sustainable growth, by casting parts gray iron, piston, case of transmission, wheel hub etc. towardsThe future development of vehicle body parts and structural member, becomes the second largest materials used in auto manufacturing that is only second to iron and steel. Aluminium alloy is in the automobileIt is the trend of automobile industry development that application constantly increases, and is also the demand of social development. At present, the aluminium that applicable automobile structure is usedAlloy is mainly heat treatment reinforcement high strength alumin ium alloy, have Al-Mg (5000 series), Al-Mg-Si (6000 series) andThe large series of Al-Mg-Zn (7000 series) three, the vehicle body parts that manufacture requirement of strength is higher and structural member are as beam, post, safetyHook, front end beater or beat-up, engine support etc. Because the physical and chemical performance of heat treatment reinforcement high strength alumin ium alloy is special, to temperatureVery responsive with composition variation, when welding, there is certain difficulty, require solder technology higher, be more hard-to-weld in all metalsMaterial, has restricted its extensive use in automobile structure to a great extent. In recent years, along with solder technology and aluminum alloy weldingConnecing the development of new technology, for the application of aluminium alloy in automobile provides solid technical support, is also China's automobile structure aluminiumThe further raising of alloying level provides valuable experience. Aluminium alloy car parts and structural member adopt more solder technologyThere are spot welding, MIG, TIG, Laser Welding, Laser-Arc Hybrid Welding, soldering and friction stir welding etc.
Spot welding, MIG, TIG, Laser Welding and Laser-Arc Hybrid Welding in fact all belong to melting category, heat treatment reinforcement aluminiumAlloy causes hardening constituent to be separated out in welding process center tap region owing to being subject to heat effect local melting, and connector area is softening, weld metal zoneTissue will change, and joint mechanical property and corrosion resistance are lower than mother metal. Heat treatment reinforcement aluminium alloy contains more low melting point unitElement, fusion temperature is low, and when solder brazing, the fusion temperature of solder is close with the fusion temperature of aluminium alloy, the easy burning of aluminium alloy, prickerThe control of weldering difficult quality.
Agitating friction welding is by the agitating friction between stirring-head High Rotation Speed and workpiece, and friction produces heat and makes this metal place, positionIn thermoplasticity state, and under the pressure-acting of stirring-head from its front end to rear portion Plastic Flow, thereby weldment is welded together.Friction stir welding is a kind of solid phase interconnection technique under mechanical force and frictional heat effect, residual stress and the distortion of structure after weldingLess, can to avoid molten solder to bring many weldability problems, are suitable for the welding of nonferrous materials. Agitating friction is welded in aluminiumThe welding aspect research application of alloy is more, and the aluminium alloy that has successfully carried out agitating friction welding comprises 2000 row(Al-Cu), 5000 series (Al-Mg), 6000 series (Al-Mg-Si), 7000 series (Al-Mg-Zn) and 8000 areRow (Al-Li) etc. At present, the key problem that friction stir welding welding aluminum alloy exists is stirring-head bad adaptability and quick abrasion,Especially the aluminium alloy of heat treatment reinforcement, its intensity and hardness are high, and in welding process, stirring-head wearing and tearing are faster. Stirring-head wearing and tearingTo make mechanical force and frictional heat change, finally affect combination and the mechanical property of joint. Agitating friction welding is wanted equipmentAsking not high, the most basic requirement is to produce mechanical friction heat by rotatablely moving of stirring-head with the relative motion of workpiece, therefore,The core component of the aluminium alloy of agitating friction welding heat treatment reinforcement is exactly stirring-head.
Stirring-head is made up of retained part, the shaft shoulder and mixing needle, and damaged part is mainly the shaft shoulder and mixing needle. The stirring-head shaft shoulder andThe mutual friction of surface of the work phase produces frictional heat, and prevents that the metal material of stirring-head plastic deformation in the time of High Rotation Speed from spraying from weld metal zoneShoot out, play the effect of removing surface film oxide simultaneously. Along with the movement of stirring-head, pyroplastic deformability's metal material streamTo the behind of stirring-head, the solid-state weld seam of the cooling rear formation of the metal material at stirring-head rear. The mixing needle of stirring-head is in friction welding (FW) mistakeHeat input is not only provided in journey, and plays mechanical agitation. Stirring-head in producing as agitating friction welding aluminium alloy easilyConsumption product, not only consumption is large, and the quality of its quality directly affects welding quality, productivity ratio and cost. The material of stirring-headWith structural design be one of most important technology in stirring friction-welding technique, butt welded seam forming quality and metal fluidity have importantImpact. Stirring-head material should have heat resistance, wearability, creep resistance, resistance to impact, workability, material inertia, heatThe characteristic such as stability, friction effect are good. The stirring-head of suitable material can increase friction, improves the input of heat, is conducive toThe plastic deformation of weld metal material at high temperature and raising welding quality.
In recent years, the material of stirring-head and structural design were subject to Welder author and stirring friction-welding technique user's pass alwaysNote, and deliver many sections of papers at relevant academic journal, see (1) JournalofMaterialsProcessingtechnology,2006,178(1-3):342-349;〔2〕MaterialsTransactions,2005,46(10):2211-2217;(3) ProceedingsoftheJapanWeldingSociety, 2005,23 (2): the academic journals such as 186-193.Related invention patent is also a lot, as Chinese patent 201310410290.2,201180065081.8,201310316992.4 etc.Consult existing document visible, the stirring-head material that can be used as agitating friction welding is a lot, is wearability better and has certain heightThe metal material of warm stability, as heat treated tool steel, mould steel, nickel-base alloy, WC-Co steel alloy, pure tungsten,Molybdenum alloy, Co-Al-W alloy and the stirring-head that adopts two kinds of metal materials to combine: the shaft shoulder adopts mould steel, mixing needle materialFor WC-Co steel alloy etc.
Adopt the stirring-head that single metal material is manufactured to be difficult to meet the requirement to high high-temp stability and wearability simultaneously, and goldThe wearability that belongs to material is very limited, and the wearing and tearing of the stirring-head shaft shoulder and mixing needle will make mechanical force and frictional heat becomeChange, affect the reliability and stability of follow-up welding point. And the stirring-head shaft shoulder of two combinations of materials and retaining part and mixing needleComposition, tissue and the performance difference of material are larger, and linkage interface is undergone mutation, and cause joint impact resistance poor; Meanwhile, two materialsThe stirring-head of material combination only considers to improve the wearability of mixing needle, does not take into account effect and the wearability of the shaft shoulder, the wearability of the shaft shoulderLower than the wearability of mixing needle, the two wearability is not mated, and the shaft shoulder weares and teares prior to mixing needle, and result is to make to stir because of the wearing and tearing of the shaft shoulderMixing head lost efficacy in advance. Visible, be badly in need of find a kind of effective ways improve stirring and friction-welding stirring-head high high-temp stability andWearability.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of method of the stirring-head wearability that improves agitating friction welding high strength alumin ium alloy, by swashingLight melting and coating technique, at the stirring-head shaft shoulder and the deposited one deck striated of mixing needle surface uniform wear-resistant coating, improves the stirring-head shaft shoulder simultaneouslyWith the wearability of mixing needle, and by increasing specific area and the coefficient of friction on the shaft shoulder and mixing needle surface, improve heat input,Thereby be convenient to the plastic deformation of weld metal material at high temperature, improve speed of welding and quality.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions, and accompanying drawings is as follows:
1, improve a method for the stirring-head wearability of agitating friction welding high strength alumin ium alloy, stirring by laser melting and coating techniqueMix a shaft shoulder 2 and the deposited one deck of mixing needle 3 surface uniform mixes by laser cladding alloy and WC particle the striated laser formingFusing and coating wear-resistant coating, its laser cladding alloying component is, taking nickel as base alloy composition, to add chromium Cr, cobalt Co, siliconSi, tungsten W, palladium Pd, count by weight percentage Wt%:Cr:5-15; Co:5-10; Si:2-5; W:3-6; Pd:1-4; Ni: surplus.
2, described laser fusing and coating wear-resistant coating, the percentage by weight of its WC particle and laser cladding alloy is that WC particle accounts for alwaysThe 10-20% of weight.
3, described laser fusing and coating wear-resistant coating, its striated wear-resistant coating width is 2-3mm, is highly 0.05-0.2mm;The shaft shoulder and mixing needle striated surface number are 3-8 bar.
4, the method for described a kind of stirring-head wearability that improves agitating friction welding high strength alumin ium alloy, comprises following technique stepRapid:
The first step, adopts heat treated alloy tool steel by forging and mechanical processing technique processing and manufacturing stirring-head;
Second step, adopting granular size is 30-50 μ m, Ni, Cr, Co, Si, W, Pd metal that purity is 99.99%Evenly be mixed with into deposited alloy by the combination of design mix proportioning, WC particle is chosen within the scope of 30-50 μ m, will prepareDeposited alloy mix with WC particle;
The 3rd step, evenly applies the stirring-head shaft shoulder 2 and mixing needle by the deposited alloy mixing and WC particle by binding agent3 surfaces, utilize the laser beam heats of high-energy-density to form striated wear-resistant coating at the shaft shoulder 2 and mixing needle 3 surfaces.
Compared with prior art the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
By at the stirring-head shaft shoulder 2 and the deposited one deck striated of mixing needle 3 surface uniform wear-resistant coating, improve the stirring-head shaft shoulder 2With the wearability of mixing needle 3, increase specific area and the coefficient of friction on the shaft shoulder 2 and mixing needle 3 surfaces simultaneously, raising heatInput, is conducive to the plastic deformation of weld metal material at high temperature and improves speed of welding and quality.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the stirring-head shaft shoulder of the present invention and mixing needle striated surface shape laser cladding of coating structural representation;
Fig. 2 is stirring-head shaft shoulder surface laser cladding striated wearing layer.
In figure: 1. retaining part; 2. the shaft shoulder; 3. mixing needle.
Detailed description of the invention
Further illustrate detailed content of the present invention and detailed description of the invention thereof below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
One, laser cladding method of the present invention is to add cladding alloy material at matrix surface, and utilizes high-energy-densityLaser beam melts cladding alloy material and the surface layer of adding simultaneously, and forms and become metallurgical binding with matrix after rapid solidificationSurface wearable coating. By adjusting cladding alloying component, granularity and wild phase content etc., can obtain and there is certain anti-wear performanceWear-resistant coating. Cladding alloy composition definite extremely important. Heat treated alloy tool carbon content of steel is higher, and containsThe alloying elements such as Cr, Si, Mn, W, Ni, Mo, V, in order to improve quenching degree, tempering resistance, the thermohardening and wear-resisting of steelProperty. Laser cladding substrate material surface after treatment easily produces fragility phase, causes overlay to be combined with matrix material and emphasizes to reduce.Therefore, self should have good plasticity and toughness deposited alloy, and wants high with matrix material bond strength.
Cladding alloy of the present invention, taking nickel (Ni) as base alloy composition, adds chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), silicon(Si), tungsten (W), palladium (Pd). Adopting granular size is 30-50 μ m, Ni, Cr that purity is 99.99%, Co, Si,W, Pd metal are evenly mixed with into deposited alloy by the combination of certain ingredients proportioning. Cladding alloy composition (percentage by weightThan calculating Wt%): Cr:5-15; Co:5-10; Si:2-5; W:3-6; Pd:1-4; Ni: surplus. Institute of the present inventionDefinite cladding alloy composition takes into full account the high-temperature behavior of alloy and the binding ability of matrix material and wild phase. Nickel hasDuctility, high warm nature, corrosion resistance and antioxygenic property preferably, nickel-base alloy is usually used in manufacturing part and the height of hot operationTemperature binder alloy. Chromium can improve non-oxidizability and the strengthening ni solid solution of deposited alloy. Cobalt ductility is good, and with nickel intersolubilityBetter, at high temperature can keep its original intensity, improve the elevated temperature strength of deposited alloy. Silicon can be strengthened solid solution, improves resistance toMill property. Tungsten can be strengthened deposited alloy, improves the high-temperature behavior of deposited alloy. Palladium can improve deposited alloy and matrix material and increasingThe binding ability of strong phase.
Two, in order to improve the wearability of overlay, in cladding alloy, add 10-20 and (count by weight percentage Wt%) tungsten carbide particle, evenly applies the stirring-head shaft shoulder and mixing needle surface by binding agent, utilizes the laser beam of high-energy-density to makeCladding alloy and the surface layer of adding melt simultaneously, after rapid solidification, form and become the striated surface shape of metallurgical binding resistance to matrixMill coating. Wherein, WC particle size should be chosen within the scope of 30-50 μ m.
Three, consult Fig. 2, according to stirring-head physical dimension, at the shaft shoulder 2 and the mixing needle 3 surface uniform distribution 3-8 of stirring-headBar laser cladding striated wear-resistant coating, striated wear-resistant coating width is controlled at 2-3mm, height 0.05-0.2mm. StriatedThe floor height of wear-resistant coating is too high, and in stir friction welding process, weldment easily produces vibrations, affects welding quality. Striated is wear-resistingThe floor height of coating is too high should be by machine finish.
Four, the method for a kind of stirring-head wearability that improves agitating friction welding high strength alumin ium alloy of the present invention, it is concreteManufacturing technology steps is:
The first step, processing and manufacturing stirring-head. Stirring-head is made up of retained part, the shaft shoulder and mixing needle, adopts commercially available heat treatedAlloy tool steel is by forging and mechanical processing technique processing and manufacturing stirring-head. Alloy tool steel hardness after heat treatment can reach63-65HRC, adopts heat treated alloy tool steel processing and manufacturing stirring-head, can keep the rigidity of retained part, can keep againThe high-temperature stability of the shaft shoulder and mixing needle.
Second step, processing and manufacturing laser cladding alloy and wear-resistant coating thereof. Cladding alloy, taking nickel as base alloy composition, adds chromium(Cr), cobalt (Co), silicon (Si), tungsten (W), palladium (Pd). Cladding alloying component (counting by weight percentage Wt%):Cr:5-15; Co:5-10; Si:2-5; W:3-6; Pd:1-4; Ni: surplus. Adopting granular size is 30-50 μM, Ni, Cr, Co, Si, W, Pd metal that purity is 99.99% are evenly mixed with into molten by the combination of certain ingredients proportioningApply alloy. The deposited alloy preparing by design mix is mixed according to a certain ratio with WC particle again. WC particle size shouldBe chosen within the scope of 30-50 μ m, the percentage by weight of WC particle and deposited alloy should be controlled the shared percentage by weight of WC particleAt 10-20%.
The 3rd step, laser cladding wear-resistant coating. By the deposited alloy preparing by design mix again with WC particle according to a certain ratioMix by binding agent and evenly apply the stirring-head shaft shoulder 2 and mixing needle 3 surfaces, utilize the laser beam of high-energy-density to make to addThe cladding high-abrasive material and the surface layer that add melt simultaneously, form the striated surface shape that becomes metallurgical binding with matrix after rapid solidificationWear-resistant coating. Consult Fig. 2, according to stirring-head physical dimension, at the shaft shoulder 2 and mixing needle 3 surface uniform distribution 3-8 bar laserDeposited striated wear-resistant coating, striated wear-resistant coating width is controlled at 2-3mm, height 0.05-0.2mm. Table 1 is that laser is moltenApply alloy wear-resisting coating material composition and performance thereof.
Table 1 laser cladding alloy wear-resisting coating material composition and performance thereof
Five, carry out wear test by repeatedly applying abrasion tester, result shows, with the heat treated alloy tool steel list of employingThe stirring and friction-welding stirring-head of one material manufacture is compared, of the present invention by laser melting and coating technique at the stirring-head shaft shoulder andThe method of the deposited one deck striated of mixing needle surface uniform wear-resistant coating, makes the wearability of the stirring-head shaft shoulder and mixing needle improve 2-4Doubly. Visible, the method for the invention can significantly improve the wearability of the stirring-head shaft shoulder and mixing needle, increases the shaft shoulder simultaneously and stirsThe specific area of mixing wire surface, rubs by increase, strengthens the input of heat, is conducive to the plastic deformation of weld metal material at high temperatureWith raising speed of welding and quality.
Claims (3)
1. a method that improves the stirring-head wearability of agitating friction welding high strength alumin ium alloy, is stirring by laser melting and coating techniqueThe shaft shoulder (2) and the deposited one deck of mixing needle (3) surface uniform mix by laser cladding alloy and WC particle the striated forming and swashLight fusing and coating wear-resistant coating, laser cladding alloying component is wherein, taking nickel as base alloy composition, add chromium Cr, cobalt Co,Silicon Si, tungsten W, palladium Pd, count by weight percentage Wt%:Cr:5-15; Co:5-10; Si:2-5; W:3-6; Pd:1-4; Ni: surplus, concrete technology step is as follows:
The first step, adopts heat treated alloy tool steel by forging and mechanical processing technique processing and manufacturing stirring-head;
Second step, adopting granular size is 30-50 μ m, Ni, Cr that purity is 99.99%, Co, Si, W, Pd metal byThe combination of design mix proportioning is evenly mixed with into deposited alloy, and WC particle is chosen within the scope of 30-50 μ m, by what prepareDeposited alloy mixes with WC particle;
The 3rd step, is evenly applied the deposited alloy mixing and WC particle the stirring-head shaft shoulder (2) and is stirred by binding agentPin (3) surface, utilizes the laser beam heats of high-energy-density to form the wear-resisting painting of striated at the shaft shoulder (2) and mixing needle (3) surfaceLayer.
2. the method for a kind of stirring-head wearability that improves agitating friction welding high strength alumin ium alloy according to claim 1, itsBe characterised in that laser fusing and coating wear-resistant coating, the percentage by weight of its WC particle and laser cladding alloy is that WC particle accounts for gross weight10-20%。
3. the method for a kind of stirring-head wearability that improves agitating friction welding high strength alumin ium alloy according to claim 1, itsBe characterised in that laser fusing and coating wear-resistant coating, its striated wear-resistant coating width is 2-3mm, is highly 0.05-0.2mm; The shaft shoulder andMixing needle striated surface number is 3-8 bar.
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