CN108032016A - A kind of method predicted based on temperature gradient welding residual stress and control device - Google Patents
A kind of method predicted based on temperature gradient welding residual stress and control device Download PDFInfo
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- CN108032016A CN108032016A CN201810067180.3A CN201810067180A CN108032016A CN 108032016 A CN108032016 A CN 108032016A CN 201810067180 A CN201810067180 A CN 201810067180A CN 108032016 A CN108032016 A CN 108032016A
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K31/12—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to investigating the properties, e.g. the weldability, of materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K31/12—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to investigating the properties, e.g. the weldability, of materials
- B23K31/125—Weld quality monitoring
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/0047—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes measuring forces due to residual stresses
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/20—Metals
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
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- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method predicted based on temperature gradient welding residual stress and control device, it is characterized in that：Change same metal and weld preceding and postwelding test specimen temperature, stress when being welded with strain measurement moves towards influence relation of the contrast welding piece temperature gradient to welding stress, so as to control welding piece temperature gradient to predict the internal stress distribution and state of metal material after welding, reduce the residual stress after material welding, optimize element mechanics performance, the present invention is mainly made of Elema, fixed plate, guide rod, spring and foil gauge.It is characteristic of the invention that：（1）It is compact-sized, the welding interior stress suitable for studying different materials；（2）The producing cause of welding residual stress is converted into by diversification in principle unified, facilitates the prediction to welding residual stress；（3）Contrasted by the welding temperature gradient of the welding stress and the sample measured, predict welding temperature gradient and stress distribution and the relation of size.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metal welding field, is specially a kind of method predicted based on temperature gradient welding residual stress
And control device.
Background technology
Welding residual stress refers to that in welding process thermal stress, transformation stress, machining stress etc. exceed yield limit,
So that the stress for failing to eliminate is left after cooling in weldment.The generation of welding residual stress made welded intensity and using the longevity
Life causes very big influence.It is welded using process because the presence of welding residual stress makes the unexpected destruction of welding structure
The safe to use of structure and equipment is seriously affected.Therefore, it is right for the prediction of the welding residual stress produced in welding engineering
There is very important meaning in the security and reliability of welding structure and equipment.Welding when, due to material it is heated not
Uniformly, welded unit thickness is unequal, and welded mutually constraint, makes weld seam unavoidable generation after welding
Welding residual stress.
Welding can not possibly be destroyed in welding process using orifice method to welding structure to carry out to caused welding remnants
Stress measures, and measures and predicts caused by welding structure so test specimen is made using identical welding material and welds
Welding residual stress becomes important means.And different thermal weld stress power, weld preheating temperature, postwelding cooling time
Different influences is caused to welding residual stress caused by welding structure with holding temperature, weldering is demarcated by the method for single factor test
Connect residual stress and welded temperature gradient is simulated by testing.It is residual by being welded caused by the temperature topic degree of simulation
Residue stress predicts welded welding residual stress.Internal stress is predicted when present society is for welding and control transposition is one
A blank, is to bring big inconvenience sharp in research, therefore is badly in need of in terms of welding research a kind of residual to welding based on temperature gradient
The method and control device of residue stress prediction.
The content of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the producing cause of welding residual stress is converted into unified method by diversification
And equipment, predict the internal stress distribution and state of metal material after welding for preheating temperature before control welding welding,
Reduce the residual stress after material welding, the mechanical property after optimization welding.Realize above-mentioned purpose, the present invention takes following technology
Solution：
A kind of method predicted based on temperature gradient welding residual stress and control device, it is characterized in that：Change same metal
Preheating temperature and the cooling velocity of postwelding before welding, stress when being welded with strain measurement move towards contrast welding piece temperature ladder
The influence relation to welding stress is spent, so as to control welding piece temperature gradient to predict the inside of metal material after welding
Stress distribution and state, reduce the residual stress after material welding, the mechanical property after optimization welding, and the present invention is preheated by welding
Module, stress mornitoring module, temperature control modules and eccentric clamping module composition；It is described welding warm-up block include Elema,
Upper mounted plate, bottom plate, guide rod and spring form the heating module of an automatic attaching test specimen, convenient to tackle different test specimens,
Improve the efficiency of heating surface；The stress mornitoring module is eight strain rosettes being fitted on test specimen to detect the material stress in welding
Change, when internal stress is deformed test specimen, collects record data to deformeter, facilitates follow-up data processing；Institute
The thermocouple control temperature adjustment that temperature control modules are mounted in inside test specimen is stated, makes to stablize the temperature in adjusting inside and outside test specimen
Degree；The eccentric clamping module includes briquetting, compression bar, eccentric screw and nut, installation and fixed test specimen, convenient welding.Specifically
Comprise the following steps：
（1）Test specimen is machined to size requirement, measuring surface sand paper polishing clean surface exposes metallic luster；
（2）Setting-out determines the paste position of strain rosette in test specimen Measuring Welding Residual Stresses；
（3）Test specimen is placed on engine base, adjusts test specimen butt-joint clearance, eccentric screw is pulled, briquetting is compressed two welding pieces
On engine base, welding piece can not be produced displacement, by five millimeters of test specimen two pre-welding, fix test specimen；It is inclined to unclamp test specimen
Heart screw rod, releases constraint of the briquetting to test specimen；
（4）Eight strain rosettes are pasted onto determined by two pieces of test specimen line on paste position, every piece of test specimen all posts four should
Become flower, and every foil gauge is equal with the groove frontier distance of welding piece；
（5）Deformeter is returned to zero position, starts welding piece, the welding stress-strain that will be drawn in welding process by foil gauge
Data based on the temperature curve that curve and thermocouple are measured is recorded；
（6）The through hole that brill is a diameter of at five millimeters of foil gauge positional distance is being pasted everywhere respectively, records the residual stress number measured
According to the basic data as welding residual stress；
（7）Repeat step（1）-（4）, welding piece is heated to 100 DEG C of repeat steps using Elema heating module（5）-
（6）, the heating-up temperature that above-mentioned steps repeat test specimen is respectively 100 DEG C, 200 DEG C, 300 DEG C, 400 DEG C, 500 DEG C；
（8）Load-deformation curve and welding residual stress data and different temperatures in welding process when contrasting room temperature welding respectively
Load-deformation curve and welding residual stress data in welding process under welding piece.The welding material is predicted according to temperature gradient
The welded welding residual stress of material.
(9) can be to the welded welding residual stress of identical material by predicting temperature gradient according to above-mentioned analysis
Prediction.
The temperature control modules are connected to welding warm-up block, and the heating-up temperature of Elema is directly controlled by galvanic couple,
Test specimen internal and external temperature deviation is set to be no more than 5 DEG C, visual influence of the convenient observation preheating temperature to welding residual stress；
The temperature control modules are made of Elema, upper mounted plate, bottom plate, guide rod, spring, and Elema is installed on upper
In fixed plate and bottom plate, bottom plate is leaned on along the direction automatic attaching test specimen of guide rod, upper mounted plate under the action of the spring
Own wt is fitted on test specimen, is facilitated test specimen heating, is improved the pre- thermal efficiency.
The main characteristics of the present invention are：
1. compact mechanical structure, the welding interior stress suitable for studying different materials；
2. being converted into by diversification the producing cause of welding residual stress in principle unified, facilitate to welding residual stress
Prediction and control；
3. superstructure welding preheating, accurately control the internal and external temperature of work；
4. being contrasted by the welding temperature gradient of the welding stress and the sample measured, welding temperature gradient is predicted with answering
Power is distributed and the relation of size.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the tomograph of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the test specimen standard shape of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the working state schematic representation of the present invention.
In figure, 1. spring, 2. guide rod, 3. bottom plate, 4. engine base, 5. briquetting, 6. Elema, 7. upper mounted plates 8. are inclined
11. thermocouple of heart screw rod 9. nut, 10. test specimen, 12. strain rosette.
Embodiment
The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but the claimed scope not office of the present invention
It is limited to the scope of embodiment statement.
Referring to the drawings 1-3, the present invention provides a kind of method predicted based on temperature gradient welding residual stress and control
Equipment, preheating temperature before being welded by varying same metal, stress when being welded with strain measurement move towards preheating temperature butt welding
Scoop out the influence relation of power, thus control welding weld before preheating temperature predict the internal stress of metal material after welding
Distribution and state, reduce the residual stress after material welding, the mechanical property after optimization welding.One kind is based on temperature gradient butt welding
The method and control device of residual stress prediction are connect, it is characterized in that：Change the cold of preheating temperature and postwelding before same metal welding
But speed, stress when being welded with strain measurement move towards influence of the contrast welding piece temperature gradient to welding stress and close
System, so as to control welding piece temperature gradient to predict the internal stress distribution and state of metal material after welding, reduces material
Residual stress after material welding, the mechanical property after optimization welding.The present invention is by welding warm-up block, stress mornitoring module, temperature
Spend control module and eccentric clamping module composition；It is described welding warm-up block include Elema 6, upper mounted plate 7, bottom plate 3,
Guide rod 2 and spring 1 form the heating module of an automatic attaching test specimen, convenient to tackle different test specimens, improve the efficiency of heating surface；It is described
Stress mornitoring module is that eight strain rosettes 12 being fitted on test specimen change come the material stress detected in welding, works as internal stress
When being deformed test specimen, record data are collected to deformeter, facilitate follow-up data processing；The temperature control modules are
Thermocouple 11 inside test specimen controls temperature adjustment, makes to stablize the temperature in adjusting inside and outside test specimen；The eccentric clamping
Module includes briquetting 5, eccentric screw 8 and nut 9, installation and fixed test specimen 10, convenient welding.It is specific to specifically include following steps
Comprise the following steps：
（1）As shown in Fig. 2, test specimen 10 is machined to size requirement, measuring surface sand paper polishing clean surface exposes metallic luster；
（2）Setting-out determines the paste position of strain rosette 12 in 10 Measuring Welding Residual Stresses of test specimen；
（3）With reference to Fig. 1, test specimen 10 is placed on engine base 4, adjusts the butt-joint clearance of test specimen 10, eccentric screw 8 is pulled, makes briquetting 5
Two test specimens 10 are pressed on engine base 4, test specimen 10 can not be produced displacement, by five millimeters of two pre-welding of test specimen 10, make weldering
Test specimen 10 is connect to fix.Eccentric screw 8 is unclamped, releases constraint of the briquetting 5 to welding piece 10；
（4）Rule as shown in figure 3, eight strain rosettes 12 are pasted onto two pieces of test specimens 10 on identified paste position, every piece of examination
Part 10 all posts four strain rosettes 12, and every foil gauge 12 is equal with the groove frontier distance of welding piece 10；
（5）Thermocouple 11 is inserted into test specimen fixed hole position, heating-up temperature is inputted at temperature control end；
（6）Deformeter is returned to zero position, starts welding piece 10, by the welding stress drawn in welding process by strain rosette 12-
Data based on the temperature curve that strain curve and thermocouple 11 are measured is recorded；
（7）The through hole that brill is a diameter of at five millimeters of 12 positional distance of strain rosette is being pasted everywhere respectively, records the residual stress measured
Basic data of the data as welding residual stress；
（8）Repeat step（1）-（4）, welding piece is heated to 100 DEG C of repeat steps using Elema 6（5）-（6）, above-mentioned step
The rapid heating-up temperature for repeating test specimen is respectively 100 DEG C, 200 DEG C, 300 DEG C, 400 DEG C, 500 DEG C；
（9）Load-deformation curve and welding residual stress data and different temperatures in welding process when contrasting room temperature welding respectively
Load-deformation curve and welding residual stress data in 10 times welding processes of welding piece.The welding is predicted according to temperature gradient
The welded welding residual stress of material；
(10) can be to the welded welding residual stress of identical material by predicting temperature gradient according to above-mentioned analysis
Prediction.
The temperature control modules are made of Elema 6, upper mounted plate 7, bottom plate 3, guide rod 2, spring 1, silicon-carbon
Rod 6 is installed on upper mounted plate 7 and on bottom plate 3, and bottom plate 3 is under the action of spring 1 along the direction automatic attaching of guide rod 2
Test specimen 10, upper mounted plate 7 are fitted on test specimen 10 by own wt.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of method predicted based on temperature gradient welding residual stress and control device, it is characterized in that：Change gold of the same race
Belong to preheating temperature and the cooling velocity of postwelding before welding, stress when being welded with strain measurement moves towards contrast welding piece temperature
Influence relation of the gradient to welding stress, so as to control welding piece temperature gradient to predict metal material after welding interior
Portion's stress distribution and state, reduce the residual stress after material welding, optimize the mechanical property after welding,.Specifically include following
Step：
（1）Test specimen is machined to size requirement, measuring surface sand paper polishing clean surface exposes metallic luster；
（2）Setting-out determines the paste position of strain rosette in test specimen Measuring Welding Residual Stresses；
（3）Test specimen is placed on engine base, adjusts test specimen butt-joint clearance, eccentric clamping module is pulled, makes briquetting by two welding pieces
It is pressed on engine base, welding piece can not be produced displacement, by five millimeters of test specimen two pre-welding, fixes test specimen；Unclamp inclined
Heart clamp module, releases constraint of the eccentric clamping module to test specimen；
（4）Eight stress sections are pasted onto determined by two pieces of test specimen line on paste position, every piece of test specimen all posts four should
Become flower, and every foil gauge is equal with the groove frontier distance of welding piece；
（5）Deformeter is returned to zero position, starts welding piece, the welding stress-strain that will be drawn in welding process by foil gauge
Data based on the temperature curve that curve and thermocouple are measured is recorded；
（6）The through hole of a diameter of 5MM of brill at five millimeters of foil gauge positional distance is being pasted everywhere respectively, records the residual stress measured
Basic data of the data as welding residual stress；
（7）Repeat step（1）-（4）, welding piece is heated to 100 DEG C of repeat steps using Elema heating module（5）-
（6）, the heating-up temperature that above-mentioned steps repeat test specimen is respectively 100 DEG C, 200 DEG C, 300 DEG C, 400 DEG C, 500 DEG C；
（8）Load-deformation curve and welding residual stress data and different temperatures in welding process when contrasting room temperature welding respectively
Load-deformation curve and welding residual stress data in welding process under welding piece.The welding material is predicted according to temperature gradient
The welded welding residual stress of material；
(9) can be to the pre- of the welded welding residual stress of identical material by predicting temperature gradient according to above-mentioned analysis
Survey.
2. a kind of method predicted based on temperature gradient welding residual stress according to claim 1 and control device,
It is characterized in that：The temperature control modules are connected to welding warm-up block, and the heating temperature of Elema is directly controlled by galvanic couple
Degree, makes test specimen internal and external temperature deviation be no more than 5 DEG C, visual influence of the convenient observation preheating temperature to welding residual stress.
3. a kind of method predicted based on temperature gradient welding residual stress according to claim 1 and control device,
It is characterized in that：The temperature control modules are made of Elema, fixed plate, guide rod, spring, and Elema is installed on fixed plate
On, fixed plate is convenient to heat test specimen under the action of the spring along the direction automatic attaching test specimen of guide rod, improves the pre- thermal efficiency.
4. a kind of method predicted based on temperature gradient welding residual stress according to claim 1 and control device,
It is characterized in that：The described stress detected using the equipment when welding is moved towards, and before changing welding by using the equipment
Preheating temperature and the cooling velocity of postwelding control the temperature gradient of its test specimen to be contrasted, welding temperature gradient and welding stress
The method of the welding stress of Relationship Prediction sample.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810067180.3A CN108032016A (en) | 2018-01-24 | 2018-01-24 | A kind of method predicted based on temperature gradient welding residual stress and control device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810067180.3A CN108032016A (en) | 2018-01-24 | 2018-01-24 | A kind of method predicted based on temperature gradient welding residual stress and control device |
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| CN108032016A true CN108032016A (en) | 2018-05-15 |
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| CN201810067180.3A Withdrawn CN108032016A (en) | 2018-01-24 | 2018-01-24 | A kind of method predicted based on temperature gradient welding residual stress and control device |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110243522A (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2019-09-17 | 桂林电子科技大学 | A kind of measuring system and method for solder joint reflow welding postwelding residual stress |
| CN110625211A (en) * | 2019-08-13 | 2019-12-31 | 桂林电子科技大学 | System and method for measuring cooling stress of welding spot after reflow soldering |
| CN110779863A (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2020-02-11 | 江苏集萃安泰创明先进能源材料研究院有限公司 | Method for evaluating residual thermal stress of amorphous alloy thin strip |
-
2018
- 2018-01-24 CN CN201810067180.3A patent/CN108032016A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110243522A (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2019-09-17 | 桂林电子科技大学 | A kind of measuring system and method for solder joint reflow welding postwelding residual stress |
| CN110243522B (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2024-07-26 | 桂林电子科技大学 | System and method for measuring residual stress after reflow soldering of welding spots |
| CN110625211A (en) * | 2019-08-13 | 2019-12-31 | 桂林电子科技大学 | System and method for measuring cooling stress of welding spot after reflow soldering |
| CN110625211B (en) * | 2019-08-13 | 2021-09-10 | 桂林电子科技大学 | System and method for measuring cooling stress of welding spot after reflow soldering |
| CN110779863A (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2020-02-11 | 江苏集萃安泰创明先进能源材料研究院有限公司 | Method for evaluating residual thermal stress of amorphous alloy thin strip |
| CN110779863B (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2022-03-29 | 江苏集萃安泰创明先进能源材料研究院有限公司 | Method for evaluating residual thermal stress of amorphous alloy thin strip |
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Application publication date: 20180515 |