CN108020250A - A kind of distributed fiber optic temperature and strain sensing device - Google Patents
A kind of distributed fiber optic temperature and strain sensing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN108020250A CN108020250A CN201711466517.XA CN201711466517A CN108020250A CN 108020250 A CN108020250 A CN 108020250A CN 201711466517 A CN201711466517 A CN 201711466517A CN 108020250 A CN108020250 A CN 108020250A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
- G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
- G01D5/353—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of distributed fiber optic temperature and strain sensing device, including control module, pulsed optical signals generation module, continuous optical signal generation module, detecting module, test optic module and wavelength division multiplexer；Pulsed optical signals generation module is connected with test optic module, and continuous optical signal generation module is connected with test optic module；Pulsed optical signals generation module is connected with continuous optical signal generation module, and pulsed optical signals generation module is also connected by wavelength division multiplexer with detecting module；Control module is connected with pulsed optical signals generation module, continuous optical signal generation module and detecting module respectively, and controls the optical signal transmission between pulsed optical signals generation module, continuous optical signal generation module and detecting module.The embodiment of the present invention can play the technical advantage of BOTDR, BOTDA and DTS, realize quick, single-ended, both-end, high accuracy to fiber optic temperature and strain while measure function.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fibre optical sensor field, and in particular to a kind of distributed fiber optic temperature and strain sensing device.
Background technology
For optical fiber sensing technology using light wave as carrier, optical fiber is medium, perceives and transmit the new biography of extraneous measured signal
Sense technology, has the advantages that measurement sensitivity height, wide dynamic range, electromagnetism interference, corrosion-resistant and compact.Distributed light
Fiber sensor is one kind of fiber optic sensor technology, it by the use of optical fiber at the same time as sensing responsive element and transmission signal medium,
One-shot measurement can obtain the distribution map that information (such as temperature, strain) is measured in whole fiber area, therefore obtain fast
The development and practical of speed.
At fiber optic temperature, strain measurement field, optical fiber Brillouin optical time-domain analyzer (BOTDA), optical fiber Brillouin light
Domain reflectometer (BOTDR), Raman fiber sensor (DTS) are three kinds of main distributed fiberoptic sensors, and three respectively has excellent lack
Point and the technical solution realized.DTS technologies realize that fiber optic temperature quickly measures by the way of single-ended measurement, but measurement distance
It is limited；BOTDR and BOTDA technologies all make use of optical fiber Brillouin to scatter, but test mode is different, BOTDR technologies measurement essence
Degree and distance be not high, but it is simple and practicable by the way of single-ended measurement, even if accidental damage or fracture occur for tested optical fiber,
Nor affect on the normal work of equipment；And BOTDA belongs to double-end measurement, it is necessary to which tested optical fiber forms loop, there is very high survey
Accuracy of measurement, but when tested optical fiber is damaged or is broken cannot be formed measurement loop when, equipment cannot work.
The content of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is intended to provide a kind of distributed fiber optic temperature and strain sensing
Device.
A kind of distributed fiber optic temperature and strain sensing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention, including control module, pulse
Optical signal generation module, continuous optical signal generation module, detecting module, test optic module and wavelength division multiplexer；
Pulsed optical signals generation module is connected with test optic module, continuous optical signal generation module and test optic module
Connection；
Pulsed optical signals generation module is connected with continuous optical signal generation module, and pulsed optical signals generation module also passes through ripple
Division multiplexer is connected with detecting module；
Control module is connected with pulsed optical signals generation module, continuous optical signal generation module and detecting module respectively, and
Control the optical signal transmission between pulsed optical signals generation module, continuous optical signal generation module and detecting module.
Preferably, testing optic module includes test optical fiber.
Preferably, pulsed optical signals generation module includes first laser device, the first coupler, the first modulator, the first light
Fiber amplifier, the first wave filter, Polarization Controller and three port circulators；First laser device and the input terminal of the first coupler connect
Connect, the first output terminal of the first coupler is connected with the input terminal of the first modulator, the output terminal of the first modulator and the first light
The input terminal connection of fiber amplifier, the output terminal of the first fiber amplifier are connected with the input terminal of the first wave filter, the first filtering
The output terminal of device and the input terminal of Polarization Controller connect, the first port of the output terminal of Polarization Controller and three port circulators
Connection, the second port of three port circulators are connected with testing the first port of optical fiber.
Preferably, detecting module includes the first photoswitch, the first photodetector, the second photodetector, the 3rd photoelectricity
Detector, data collector, the second coupler and low-pass filter；First output terminal of the first photoswitch and the second coupler
First input end connects, and the output terminal of the first photodetector and the first input end of data collector connect, the first photoswitch
The second output terminal be connected with the input terminal of the second photodetector, the output terminal of the second photodetector and data collector
Second input terminal connects, and the first output terminal and the second output terminal of the second coupler are defeated with the first of the 3rd photodetector respectively
Enter end to connect with the second input terminal, the output terminal of the 3rd photodetector and the input terminal of low-pass filter connect, low-pass filtering
The output terminal of device and the 3rd input terminal of data collector connect.
Preferably, continuous optical signal generation module includes the second modulator, the second fiber amplifier, the second wave filter and the
Two photoswitches；The input terminal of second modulator is connected with the second output terminal of the first coupler, the output terminal of the second modulator with
The input terminal connection of second wave filter, the first output terminal of the second photoswitch are connected with testing the second port of optical fiber, the second light
Second output terminal of switch is connected with the second input terminal of the second coupler.
Preferably, control module includes control unit, the control unit control signal with the first modulator, first respectively
The control signal of fiber amplifier, the control signal of Polarization Controller, the control signal of the first photoswitch, the second modulation
The control signal of device, the control signal of the second fiber amplifier are connected with the control signal of the second photoswitch, and controlled
The conducting of control signal.
Preferably, optical filter built in wavelength division multiplexer；Pulsed optical signals generation module also passes through wavelength division multiplexer and detection
Module connects：The input terminal of wavelength division multiplexer is connected with the 3rd port of three port circulators, and the of wavelength division multiplexer
One output terminal is connected with the input terminal of the first photoswitch, and the second output terminal and the 3rd output terminal of wavelength division multiplexer are respectively with first
The first input end of photodetector and the connection of the second input terminal.
Preferably, optical signal analysis device, the output terminal connection of optical signal analysis device and data collector, to data are further included
The optical signal of collector output is analyzed, and obtains the temperature and strain information of test optical fiber.
Preferably, continuous optical signal generation module includes second laser, the 3rd coupler, adjustable attenuators and second
Photoswitch；Second laser is connected with the input terminal of the 3rd coupler, the output terminal of the 3rd coupler and adjustable attenuators
Input terminal connects, and the control signal of adjustable attenuators is connected with control unit, the output terminal of adjustable attenuators and second
The input terminal connection of photoswitch.
Preferably, difference on the frequency locking module and the 4th coupler are further included；Difference on the frequency locking module passes through first laser device
It is connected with pulsed optical signals generation module, is connected by second laser with continuous optical signal generation module, difference on the frequency locking mould
Block is connected with the 4th coupler, and the 4th coupler is connected by the first coupler with pulsed optical signals generation module.
The beneficial effect of a kind of distributed fiber optic temperature and strain sensing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention is：Only make
By the use of a laser as on the premise of light source, BOTDA and BOTDR work(are realized in the switching for controlling photoswitch by control unit
The switching of energy, and by controlling fiber amplifier to adjust the power of input light, realize DTS lasers and BOTDA/R lasers
Multiplexing, gives full play to the technical advantage of BOTDR, BOTDA, DTS, on the premise of the use of laser is saved, realize it is single-ended,
Both-end, high accuracy independently measure function to the temperature strain of optical fiber sensor head.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation for distributed fiber optic temperature and strain sensing device that first embodiment of the invention provides
Figure；
Fig. 2 is a kind of structural representation for distributed fiber optic temperature and strain sensing device that second embodiment of the invention provides
Figure；
Fig. 3 is a kind of structural representation for distributed fiber optic temperature and strain sensing device that third embodiment of the invention provides
Figure.
10th, control module；11st, control unit；20th, pulsed optical signals generation module；21st, first laser device；22nd, the first coupling
Clutch；23rd, the first modulator；24th, the first fiber amplifier；25th, the first wave filter；26th, Polarization Controller；27th, three port ring
Shape device；30th, continuous optical signal generation module；31st, the second modulator；32nd, the second fiber amplifier；33rd, the second wave filter；34、
Second photoswitch；35th, second laser；36th, the 3rd coupler；37th, adjustable attenuators；40th, detecting module；41st, the first light
Switch；42nd, the first photodetector；43rd, the second photodetector；44th, the 3rd photodetector；45th, data collector；46、
Second coupler；47th, low-pass filter；50th, optic module is tested；51st, optical fiber is tested；60th, wavelength division multiplexer；70th, optical signal
Analyzer；80th, difference on the frequency locking module；90th, the 4th coupler.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the attached drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation describes, it is clear that described embodiment is only part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained every other without creative efforts
Embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
First embodiment：
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of knot of distributed fiber optic temperature and the strain sensing device provided for first embodiment of the invention
Structure schematic diagram；
A kind of distributed fiber optic temperature and strain sensing device that first embodiment of the invention provides, including control module
10th, pulsed optical signals generation module 20, continuous optical signal generation module 30, detecting module 40, test optic module 50 and wavelength-division
Multiplexer 60；
Pulsed optical signals generation module 20 is connected with test optic module 50, continuous optical signal generation module 30 and test
Optic module 50 connects；
Pulsed optical signals generation module 20 is connected with continuous optical signal generation module 30, and pulsed optical signals generation module 20 is also
It is connected by wavelength division multiplexer 60 with detecting module 40；
Control module 10 respectively with pulsed optical signals generation module 20, continuous optical signal generation module 30 and detecting module 40
Connection, and control the optical signal between pulsed optical signals generation module 20, continuous optical signal generation module 30 and detecting module 40
Transmission.
It should be noted that a kind of distributed fiber optic temperature provided in an embodiment of the present invention and strain sensing device, control
Module is connected with pulsed optical signals generation module, continuous optical signal generation module and detecting module respectively, and control module can be controlled
The laser that pulsed optical signals generation module processed produces, and laser is controlled in continuous optical signal generation module, detecting module and test
The different transmission paths of optic module, last detecting module can detect different optical signals, be believed by extracting these light
Number and obtain the spectrum of these optical signals, calculating analysis is carried out to spectrum, temperature and the strain of test optical fiber module can be obtained
Information.
Second embodiment：
Referring to Fig. 2, a kind of knot of distributed fiber optic temperature and the strain sensing device provided for second embodiment of the invention
Structure schematic diagram；
Preferably, testing optic module 50 includes test optical fiber 51.
Preferably, pulsed optical signals generation module 20 includes first laser device 21, the first coupler 22, the first modulator
23rd, the first fiber amplifier 24, the first wave filter 25,26 and three port circulator 27 of Polarization Controller；First laser device 21 with
The input terminal connection of first coupler 22, the first output terminal of the first coupler 22 are connected with the input terminal of the first modulator 23,
The output terminal of first modulator 23 is connected with the input terminal of the first fiber amplifier 24, the output terminal of the first fiber amplifier 24 with
The input terminal connection of first wave filter 25, the output terminal of the first wave filter 25 are connected with the input terminal of Polarization Controller 26, polarize
The output terminal of controller 26 is connected with the first port of three port circulators 27, the second port of three port circulators 27 and survey
Try the first port connection of optical fiber 51.
Preferably, detecting module 40 include the first photoswitch 41, the first photodetector 42, the second photodetector 43,
3rd photodetector 44, data collector 45, the second coupler 46 and low-pass filter 47；The first of first photoswitch 41
Output terminal is connected with the first input end of the second coupler 46, output terminal and the data collector 45 of the first photodetector 42
First input end connects, and the second output terminal of the first photoswitch 41 is connected with the input terminal of the second photodetector 43, the second light
The output terminal of electric explorer 43 is connected with the second input terminal of data collector 45, the first output terminal of the second coupler 46 and
Two output terminals are connected with the first input end of the 3rd photodetector 44 and the second input terminal respectively, the 3rd photodetector 44
Output terminal be connected with the input terminal of low-pass filter 47, the output terminal of low-pass filter 47 and the 3rd of data collector 45 the defeated
Enter end connection.
Preferably, continuous optical signal generation module 30 includes the second modulator 31, the second fiber amplifier 32, second filters
33 and second photoswitch 34 of device；The input terminal of second modulator 31 is connected with the second output terminal of the first coupler 22, and second adjusts
The output terminal of device 31 processed is connected with the input terminal of the second wave filter 33, the first output terminal and the test optical fiber 51 of the second photoswitch 34
Second port connection, the second output terminal of the second photoswitch 34 is connected with the second input terminal of the second coupler 46.
Preferably, control module 10 includes control unit 11, and control unit 11 is defeated with the control of the first modulator 23 respectively
Enter end, the control of the control signal of the first fiber amplifier 24, the control signal of Polarization Controller 26, the first photoswitch 41
Input terminal, the control signal of the second modulator 31, the control signal of the second fiber amplifier 32 and the second photoswitch 34
Control signal connects, and controls the conducting of control signal.
Preferably, wavelength division multiplexer 60, optical filter built in wavelength division multiplexer 60 are further included；Pulsed optical signals generation module 20
Also it is connected with detecting module 40 and is specially：The input terminal of wavelength division multiplexer 60 is connected with the 3rd port of three port circulators 27,
First output terminal of wavelength division multiplexer 60 is connected with the input terminal of the first photoswitch 41, the second output terminal of wavelength division multiplexer 60 and
3rd output terminal is connected with the first input end of the first photodetector 42 and the second input terminal respectively.
Preferably, optical signal analysis device 70 is further included, optical signal analysis device 70 is connected with the output terminal of data collector 45,
The optical signal exported to data collector 45 is analyzed, and obtains the temperature and strain information of test optical fiber 51.
It should be noted that a kind of distributed fiber optic temperature provided by the invention and strain sensing device, can merge
BOTDR, BOTDA and DTS technology, obtain the spectrum of the very high temperature with optical fiber of precision and strain information, and can be to surveying
Try the temperature of optical fiber and strain information carries out joint demodulation to respectively obtain the temperature of test optical fiber, the independent information of strain.With
Under by taking Fig. 2 as an example, specifically describe a kind of distributed fiber optic temperature provided by the invention and strain sensing device respectively BOTDR,
Operating mode and operation principle under BOTDA and DTS technologies：
BOTDR operating modes：
(1) laser that laser is sent is divided into two-way light after the first coupler and is transmitted, by the first coupler
The light of the first output terminal output transmitted in pulsed light generation module, another way light enters continuous light generation module；Wherein,
Pass through in the laser of pulsed light generation module transmission in the first modulator, the first modulator into pulsed light, modulates Laser Modulation
The pulsed light gone out is after the first fiber amplifier, by the first fiber amplifier by the power amplification of pulsed light to being suitable for
The luminous power of BOTDR operating modes detection, then by the first wave filter, the first wave filter is by the amplified pulsed light of luminous power
Pulsed light is input in Polarization Controller after filtering out ASE noises, is input to after the polarization state of Polarization Controller adjustment pulsed light
In three port circulators, after three port circulators have three ports, pulsed light to enter three port circulators, by three port circulators
The second port that first port with testing optical fiber is connected is input in test optical fiber, when pulsed light transmits in optical fiber is tested
When, three kinds of Rayleigh scattering, Brillouin scattering and Raman scattering scattering phenomenons are produced, and produced respectively by these three scattering phenomenons auspicious
Profit scattering light, Brillouin scattering and Raman diffused light, these three scattering light all can reverse transfers, the i.e. arteries and veins into test optical fiber
Wash the three kinds of scattering light for producing scattering in test optical fiber and being formed off, back to the second port of three port circulators, and from
3rd port of three port circulators is input to the input terminal of wavelength division multiplexer, and in three output terminals of wavelength division multiplexer difference
Different optical filters is equipped with, these optical filters respectively filter Rayleigh scattering light, Brillouin scattering and Raman diffused light respectively
And different output terminals is output to one by one, but the wavelength interval of Rayleigh scattering light and Brillouin scattering is about 11GHz, and
Filter plate can not separate both scattering light, therefore Rayleigh scattering light and Brillouin scattering are all from the first of wavelength division multiplexer
Output terminal exports, and the interval between the wavelength of the wavelength of Raman diffused light and Rayleigh scattering light and Brillouin scattering is enough to allow
Filter plate separates Raman diffused light, therefore can be separated Raman diffused light by filter plate, wherein, Raman diffused light has
Stokes and anti-Stokes two-way light, this two-way light are defeated from the second output terminal of wavelength division multiplexer and the 3rd output terminal respectively
Go out, and in BOTDR operating modes, only consider Rayleigh scattering light and the Brillouin exported from the first output terminal of wavelength division multiplexer
Light is scattered, both light are output to the input terminal of the first photoswitch, control unit control from the first output terminal of wavelength division multiplexer
First output terminal of the input terminal of the first photoswitch to the first photoswitch turns on, then Rayleigh scattering light and Brillouin scattering are from the
The input terminal of one photoswitch enters the first output terminal of the first photoswitch, and is output to by the first output terminal of the first photoswitch
The first input end of second coupler；
(2) light exported by the second output terminal of the first coupler enters continuous light generation module, that is, enters second
The input terminal of modulator, since the driving frequency of the second modulator is about 11GHz, so the road light is obtained by shift frequency about 11GHz
To shift frequency optical signal, after the second fiber amplifier and the second wave filter, shift frequency optical signal is exaggerated and filters shift frequency optical signal
Ripple, and be output in the second photoswitch, control unit controls the input terminal of the second photoswitch to the second output of the second photoswitch
End conducting, therefore shift frequency optical signal is output to the second input terminal of the second coupler from the second photoswitch, therefore in the second coupling
In device, there are the Rayleigh scattering light and Brillouin scattering for entering the second coupler from the first input end of the second coupler, and
Enter the shift frequency optical signal of the second coupler, Rayleigh scattering light and Brillouin scattering point from the second input terminal of the second coupler
Do not interfered with shift frequency optical signal, wherein, Rayleigh scattering light and shift frequency optical signal frequency difference about 11GHz, therefore two kinds of light
It is the high frequency optical signal that a difference on the frequency is 11GHz after interfering, and the frequency phase of Brillouin scattering and shift frequency optical signal
When, be after interference hundreds of MHz intermediate frequency optical signal, the high frequency optical signal and intermediate frequency optical signal produced after interference is from the second coupling
Clutch enters the 3rd photodetector, then after low-pass filter, low-pass filter filters out the high frequency optical signal of 11GHz, because
This is extracted the intermediate frequency optical signal of hundreds of MHz, to realize the extraction to Brillouin scattering, the intermediate frequency light of hundreds of MHz of extraction
Signal, which enters, realizes AD conversion in data collector, enter finally into optical signal analysis device, in optical signal analysis device, energy
Access Brillouin's damage curve under current Brillouin's difference on the frequency.
Therefore in BOTDR operating modes, by control unit the second modulator can be controlled to realize different brillouin frequencies
Brillouin's damage curve under rate difference, obtains complete Brillouin's frequency spectrum, then by optical signal analysis device to obtained Brillouin
The center frequency point of Brillouin's frequency spectrum is calculated in spectrum analysis, and then obtains the temperature and strain information of test optical fiber.
BOTDA operating modes：
(1) laser that laser is sent is divided into two-way light after the first coupler and is transmitted, by the first coupler
The light of the first output terminal output transmitted in pulsed light generation module, another way light enters continuous light generation module；Wherein,
Pass through in the laser of pulsed light generation module transmission in the first modulator, the first modulator into pulsed light, modulates Laser Modulation
The pulsed light gone out is after the first fiber amplifier, by the first fiber amplifier by the power amplification of pulsed light to being suitable for
The luminous power of BOTDA operating modes detection, then by the first wave filter, the first wave filter is by the amplified pulsed light of luminous power
Pulsed light is input in three port circulators after filtering out ASE noises, three port circulators there are three ports, and pulsed light enters three
After the circulator of port, test optical fiber is input to testing the second port that the first port of optical fiber is connected by three port circulators
In；
(2) light exported by the second output terminal of the first coupler enters continuous light generation module, that is, enters second
The input terminal of modulator, since the driving frequency of the second modulator is about 11GHz, so the road light is obtained by shift frequency about 11GHz
To shift frequency optical signal, after the second fiber amplifier and the second wave filter, shift frequency optical signal is exaggerated and filters shift frequency optical signal
Ripple, and be output in the second photoswitch, control unit controls the input of the first output terminal to the second photoswitch of the second photoswitch
End conducting, therefore the shift frequency optical signal after being exaggerated enters the second end of test optical fiber by the first output terminal of the second photoswitch
Mouthful, and the pulsed optical signals with entering test optical fiber in (1) from the first port of test optical fiber are made mutually in optical fiber is tested
With when the difference on the frequency of both optical signals of interaction meets when in the range of Brillouin's difference on the frequency, it may occur that energy turns
Moving, the shift frequency optical signal after interacting with pulsed optical signals reaches the second port of three port circulators by testing optical fiber,
Enter into three port circulators, and from the 3rd port of three port circulators in wavelength division multiplexer, pass through wavelength division multiplexer
First output terminal enters the input terminal of the first photoswitch, and into the first photoswitch, control unit controls the second of the first photoswitch
The input terminal of output terminal to the first photoswitch turns on, therefore shift frequency optical signal enters the second optical detection by the first photoswitch
Device, shift frequency optical signal realizes the amplification of opto-electronic conversion and signal in the second optical detector, and is output in data collector, number
According to collector to being changed and amplified shift frequency optical signal is into AD conversion, it is finally output in optical signal analysis device, obtains
To Brillouin's damage curve under current Brillouin's difference on the frequency.
Therefore in BOTDA operating modes, control unit is by controlling the second modulator under different Brillouin's difference on the frequencies
Shift frequency optical signal the measurement of Brillouin's damage curve, obtain complete Brillouin's frequency spectrum, then by optical signal analysis device to cloth
In deep frequency spectrum carry out calculating analysis and obtain the center frequency point of Brillouin's frequency spectrum, and then obtain the temperature of test optical fiber and strain is believed
Breath.
DTS operating modes：
After the laser that laser is sent enters the first coupler, the first modulator.The first amplifier is entered, in DTS works
Operation mode, because the luminous power pulsed light more required than BOTDR and BOTDA of the required pulsed light of DTS operating modes
Luminous power is all big, therefore in DTS operating modes, gain of the control unit to the first amplifier set than above-mentioned BOTDR and
BOTDA high, therefore in the pulsed optical signals of the first amplifier Output optical power higher.Pulsed optical signals by the first wave filter and
Enter three port circulators after Polarization Controller, after three port circulators have three ports, pulsed light to enter three port circulators,
It is input to by three port circulators with testing the second port that the first port of optical fiber is connected in test optical fiber, when pulsed light is being surveyed
When being transmitted in examination optical fiber, three kinds of Rayleigh scattering, Brillouin scattering and Raman scattering scattering phenomenons are produced, and it is existing by these three scatterings
As producing Rayleigh scattering light, Brillouin scattering and Raman diffused light respectively, these three scattering light all can reverse transfers, that is, enter
Three kinds of scattering light that the pulsed light of optical fiber produces scattering in test optical fiber and formed are tested, back to the of three port circulators
Two-port netwerk, and wavelength division multiplexer is entered by the 3rd port of three port circulators, the optical filter of wavelength division multiplexer is by three kinds
Raman diffused light is separated in scattering light, and Raman diffused light has Stokes and anti-Stokes two-way light, passes through ripple respectively
The second output terminal and the 3rd output terminal of division multiplexer enter the first photodetector, in the first photodetector, first
Photodetector carries out opto-electronic conversion to Stokes and anti-Stokes two ways of optical signals and signal amplifies, and is output to data
Collector, data collector is AD converted optical signal in data collector, finally by the stokes light collected and
Anti-Stokes optical signal is all input to optical signal analysis device, since Raman Stokes optical signal is to temperature-insensitive,
Reference light as measurement fiber optic temperature, and Raman anti-Stokes optical signal is temperature sensitive, accordingly acts as measurement optical fiber temperature
The flashlight of degree, the temperature that optical signal analysis device can obtain test optical fiber using reference light and flashlight to calculate analysis are believed
Breath.
To sum up, the beneficial effect of the embodiment of the present invention is implemented：
A kind of distributed fiber optic temperature and the strain sensing device provided by second embodiment of the invention, can pass through control
Control action of the unit to the control signal connected, can realize under BOTDR operating modes and BOTDA operating modes
To Brillouin's damage curve under different Brillouin's difference on the frequencies, complete Brillouin's frequency spectrum is obtained, then pass through optical signal analysis device
The center frequency point of Brillouin's frequency spectrum is calculated to obtained brillouin frequency spectrum analysis, so obtain test optical fiber temperature and
Strain information；It can also realize under DTS operating modes by the Raman Stokes optical signal and Raman anti-Stokes of collection
Optical signal, flashlight, optical signal are used as using Raman Stokes optical signal as with reference to light and Raman anti-Stokes optical signal
Analyzer can obtain the temperature information of test optical fiber using reference light and flashlight to calculate analysis.By under DTS operating modes
Temperature of the temperature information of the test optical fiber measured to the test optical fiber obtained under BOTDR operating modes and BOTDA operating modes
Be demodulated with strain information, you can obtain test optical fiber strain information, i.e., respectively obtain test optical fiber temperature information with
And strain information.Pair it can be seen from the above that the present invention can only by the use of a laser as light source in the case of, realize respectively
Tri- kinds of operating modes of BOTDR, BOTDA and DTS test the temperature information and strain information of optical fiber to obtain.
3rd embodiment：
Referring to Fig. 3, a kind of knot of distributed fiber optic temperature and the strain sensing device provided for third embodiment of the invention
Structure schematic diagram；
Preferably, continuous optical signal generation module 30 includes second laser 35, the 3rd coupler 36, adjustable attenuators
37 and second photoswitch 34；Second laser 35 is connected with the input terminal of the 3rd coupler 36, the output terminal of the 3rd coupler 36
It is connected with the input terminal of adjustable attenuators 37, the control signal of adjustable attenuators 37 is connected with control unit 11, adjustable
The output terminal of H-section attenuator H 37 is connected with the input terminal of the second photoswitch 34.
Preferably, 80 and the 4th coupler 90 of difference on the frequency locking module is further included；Difference on the frequency locking module 80 passes through first
Laser 21 is connected with pulsed optical signals generation module 20, is connected by second laser 35 and continuous optical signal generation module 30
Connect, difference on the frequency locking module 80 is connected with the 4th coupler 90, and the 4th coupler 90 is believed by the first coupler 22 with pulsed light
Number generation module 20 connects.
A kind of distributed fiber optic temperature and strain sensing provided by the invention are explained on the basis of second embodiment below
The 3rd embodiment of device：
Such as Fig. 3, the continuous light generation module of second embodiment is improved, mould is produced by the continuous light of second embodiment
Second modulator, the second fiber amplifier, the second wave filter and the second photoswitch in the block become second laser, the 3rd coupling
Device, adjustable attenuators and the second photoswitch, and adds additional difference on the frequency locking module and the 4th coupler；
Therefore pulsed optical signals generation module, the course of work of detecting module and wavelength division multiplexer and second embodiment provide
Scheme it is identical, therefore do not repeat.Continuous light generation module is improved, increased second laser is used to lock
Brillouin's difference on the frequency during BOTDR and BOTDA operating modes, laser 1 and the difference on the frequency of laser 2 are arranged on 11GHz or so,
The demand of common optical fiber Brillouin frequency difference is just met for using 11GHz as basic Brillouin's difference on the frequency, and can be by continuously changing
Become laser 1 with 2 difference on the frequency of laser to realize complete brillouin frequency spectrometry, so as to obtain the temperature of test optical fiber and answer
Become information.
And DTS operating modes are identical with second embodiment.
The above embodiment is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is impossible to the scope of protection of the invention is limited with this,
The change and replacement for any unsubstantiality that those skilled in the art is done on the basis of the present invention belong to institute of the present invention
Claimed scope.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of distributed fiber optic temperature and strain sensing device, it is characterised in that produced including control module, pulsed optical signals
Module, continuous optical signal generation module, detecting module, test optic module and wavelength division multiplexer；
The pulsed optical signals generation module with it is described test optic module be connected, it is described continuously optical signal generation module with it is described
Test optic module connection；
The pulsed optical signals generation module is connected with the continuous optical signal generation module, the pulsed optical signals generation module
Also it is connected by the wavelength division multiplexer with the detecting module；
The control module respectively with the pulsed optical signals generation module, the continuous optical signal generation module and the detection
Module connects, and control the pulsed optical signals generation module, the continuous optical signal generation module and the detecting module it
Between optical signal transmission.
A kind of 2. distributed fiber optic temperature and strain sensing device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the test light
Fiber module includes test optical fiber.
A kind of 3. distributed fiber optic temperature and strain sensing device as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the pulsed light
Signal generator module include first laser device, the first coupler, the first modulator, the first fiber amplifier, the first wave filter, partially
Shake controller and three port circulators；The first laser device is connected with the input terminal of first coupler, first coupling
First output terminal of clutch is connected with the input terminal of first modulator, the output terminal of first modulator and described first
The input terminal connection of fiber amplifier, the output terminal of first fiber amplifier and the input terminal of first wave filter connect
Connect, the output terminal of first wave filter is connected with the input terminal of the Polarization Controller, the output terminal of the Polarization Controller
It is connected with the first port of three port circulator, the second port of three port circulator and the of the test optical fiber
Single port connects.
A kind of 4. distributed fiber optic temperature and strain sensing device as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that the detection mould
Block includes the first photoswitch, the first photodetector, the second photodetector, the 3rd photodetector, data collector, second
Coupler and low-pass filter；First output terminal of first photoswitch and the first input end of second coupler connect
Connect, the output terminal of first photodetector is connected with the first input end of the data collector, first photoswitch
The second output terminal be connected with the input terminal of second photodetector, the output terminal of second photodetector with it is described
The second input terminal connection of data collector, the first output terminal and the second output terminal of second coupler are respectively with described the
The first input end of three photodetectors and the connection of the second input terminal, output terminal and the low pass of the 3rd photodetector
The input terminal connection of wave filter, the output terminal of the low-pass filter are connected with the 3rd input terminal of the data collector.
A kind of 5. distributed fiber optic temperature and strain sensing device as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the continuous light
Signal generator module includes the second modulator, the second fiber amplifier, the second wave filter and the second photoswitch；Second modulation
The input terminal of device is connected with the second output terminal of first coupler, the output terminal of second modulator and the described second filter
The input terminal connection of ripple device, the first output terminal of second photoswitch is connected with the second port of the test optical fiber, described
Second output terminal of the second photoswitch is connected with the second input terminal of second coupler.
A kind of 6. distributed fiber optic temperature and strain sensing device as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that the control mould
Block includes control unit, the described control unit control signal with first modulator, first fiber amplifier respectively
The control signal of device, the control signal of the Polarization Controller, the control signal of first photoswitch, described second
The control signal of the control signal of modulator, the control signal of second fiber amplifier and second photoswitch
Connection, and control the conducting of the control signal.
7. a kind of distributed fiber optic temperature and strain sensing device as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the wavelength-division is answered
The optical filter built in device；The pulsed optical signals generation module is also connected by the wavelength division multiplexer with the detecting module,
Specially：The input terminal of the wavelength division multiplexer is connected with the 3rd port of three port circulator, the wavelength division multiplexer
The first output terminal be connected with the input terminal of first photoswitch, the second output terminal of the wavelength division multiplexer and the 3rd output
End is connected with the first input end of first photodetector and the second input terminal respectively.
8. a kind of distributed fiber optic temperature and strain sensing device as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that further include light letter
Number analyzer, the optical signal analysis device are connected with the output terminal of the data collector, to data collector output
Optical signal is analyzed, and obtains the temperature and strain information of the test optical fiber.
A kind of 9. distributed fiber optic temperature and strain sensing device as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that the continuous light
Signal generator module includes second laser, the 3rd coupler, adjustable attenuators and the second photoswitch；The second laser
It is connected with the input terminal of the 3rd coupler, the output terminal of the 3rd coupler and the input terminal of the adjustable attenuators
Connection, the control signal of the adjustable attenuators are connected with described control unit, the output terminal of the adjustable attenuators
It is connected with the input terminal of second photoswitch.
10. a kind of distributed fiber optic temperature and strain sensing device as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that further include frequency
Rate difference locking module and the 4th coupler；The difference on the frequency locking module passes through the first laser device and the pulsed optical signals
Generation module connects, and is connected by the second laser with the continuous optical signal generation module, the difference on the frequency locks mould
Block is connected with the 4th coupler, and the 4th coupler produces mould by first coupler and the pulsed optical signals
Block connects.
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| CN109115118A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2019-01-01 | 国网河北省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of transformer winding detection system based on distributing optical fiber sensing |
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