CN108017473A - A kind of soybean dedicated biomass charcoal base manure and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of soybean dedicated biomass charcoal base manure and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108017473A CN108017473A CN201810002519.1A CN201810002519A CN108017473A CN 108017473 A CN108017473 A CN 108017473A CN 201810002519 A CN201810002519 A CN 201810002519A CN 108017473 A CN108017473 A CN 108017473A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention belongs to technical field of agricultural fertilizers, and in particular to a kind of soybean dedicated biomass charcoal base manure and preparation method thereof.It includes the raw material of following parts by weight：15 20 parts of biomass carbon, 58 parts of urea, 35 40 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 20 30 parts of sylvite, 5 10 parts of bentonite, 15 parts of calcium sulfate.The preparation method of soybean dedicated biomass charcoal base manure provided by the invention, granulation process has physics and chemical double reaction concurrently, under the reaction condition of high-temperature steam, in charcoal base manure the nitrogen phosphorus key of the amido link of urea and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and charcoal group with reference to and change chemical shift, nutrient is mutually linked with charcoal frame, combined between raw material more closely, so as to extend fertilizer efficiency.It is applied to during soybean planting, the soybean particle of harvest is full, volume increase more than 5%.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of agricultural fertilizers, and in particular to a kind of soybean dedicated biomass charcoal base manure and its preparation side
Method.
Background technology
During soybean planting, the growing way of soybean and used fertilizer are closely bound up, if the fertilizer nutrient used
It is unbalanced, it can not only cause soybean slow-growing, malnutritive, beans is flat small, and its disease resistance and insect resistace can be caused poor；
In addition if the fertilizer efficiency duration used is short, fertilizer nutrient is easily lost in, and fundamentally can not only improve farmer
Planting cost, can also reduce the yield of soybean, reduce the income of farmer.
Stalk is the resource enriched in China's agricultural production, but the phenomenon of Open Burning Crop Residue is on the rise, according to statistics, often
The stalk that year there are about more than one hundred million tons is incinerated, and gives off a large amount of pollutants, and serious threat atmospheric environment, meanwhile, also result in serious
The wasting of resources.In addition, with economic development and the continuous improvement of living standard, villages and small towns kitchen waste is increasing, at it
Reason and wherein nutrients resource recycling are china natural resources and the significant challenge of environmental area.Some researches show that crop material
Or the hot cracked charing of food waste biomass castoff, can form biomass carbon, this kind of material in alkalescence, it is porous, loose and
The carbonaceous mixture of organic matter fraction rich in various different structures, there is good physical property and nutrient Regulation to act on, increase
Add the validity of nutrient particularly nitrogenous fertilizer in soil, effectively reduce the discharge of Soil oxidation Asia nitrogen.Soil can be effectively improved at the same time
Biomass carbon, therefore, is combined production organic-inorganic compound fertilizer, can either be realized by the storage capacity of middle organic carbon with inorganic fertilizer
Utilization of waste as resource, and energy-saving and emission-reduction, increase soil carbon sink can be reached and improve crop yield and the two-win of quality effect
Fruit.
For this reason, Chinese patent literature CN103449915A, discloses a kind of organic and inorganic compound using biomass carbon as matrix
The preparation method of Hefei material and preparation method thereof and the fine powdered carbon of straw biomass, it is by 25~30 parts of straw according to mass fraction
The fine powdered carbon of stalk biomass, 15~30 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 15~30 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 10~25 parts of potash fertilizer, 5~10 parts of bentonites, binding agents
It is made with 0~2 part of trace element, wherein the binding agent is 0.1~0.3 part of xanthans or 1~2 part of oxidized starch.This is multiple
Hefei material is suitable for the crop of corn and soybean, potato etc..Biomass carbon is made after charing and contains greatly for stalk in this document
The nutrient needed for plant is measured, the circulation of soil nutrient and the growth of plant can be promoted；It can be improved using biomass carbon
The CEC (Cation Exchange Capacity in Soils) of soil；Biomass carbon has pore structure, can improve soil aggregate structure, improve and protect
Outlet capacity, reduce the soil weight, reduce carbon dioxide discharging again to air；Nutrient can be slowly discharged into soil environment.
Be not easy to shape in conventional granulation process, select xanthans and starch as fertilizer hardness made from binding agent it is not high enough, in water
Middle dissolving is rapid, causes nutrient in fertilizer it is anticipated that release, cannot influence the slow release effect of fertilizer, secondly, nutrient and life
Material charcoal combines loosely, and fertilizer efficiency shortens.
The content of the invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to overcome soybean dedicated biomass charcoal base manure of the prior art not
The defects of easily molded, hardness is not enough, easily damaged and nutrient and biomass carbon adsorb loosely, and fertilizer efficiency is short, so as to provide one kind
Soybean dedicated biomass charcoal base manure and preparation method thereof.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
A kind of soybean dedicated biomass charcoal base manure, includes the raw material of following parts by weight：15-20 parts of biomass carbon, urea 5-8
Part, 35-40 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 20-30 parts of sylvite, 5-10 parts of bentonite, 1-5 parts of calcium sulfate.
Preferably, the raw material of following parts by weight is included：18 parts of biomass carbon, 7 parts of urea, 38 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, sylvite
25 parts, 8 parts of bentonite, 3 parts of calcium sulfate.
Preferably, the sylvite is potassium sulfate or potassium chloride.
A kind of preparation method of above-mentioned soybean dedicated biomass charcoal base manure, comprises the following steps：
(1) each component is weighed in proportion, is uniformly mixed；
(2) raw material mixed is granulated, the granulation process, as reaction medium, is made using high-temperature water vapor
Quantity of steam is 25%-30% of raw material gross mass or so, and it is a 100-140 DEG C of left side to control prilling temperature by high-temperature vapor
It is right.
(3) molding biomass carbon base particle being dried at 300-400 DEG C, control water content is less than 5wt%,
Then sieved.
Further, further, the particle diameter of biomass carbon base is more than 1mm, less than 4.75mm.
The operation principle of the present invention:Biomass carbon is alkalescence, porous, loose and rich in various different structures organic matter
The carbonaceous mixture of component, it is using its abundant stability organic matter and its special to the sticking characteristic and soil structure improved addictive of nutrient
Property, the chemical fertilizer nutrient of added a certain amount of clay and quantitative proportioning, through compounding, mixing, being granulated and manufactured special organic nothing
Machine polynary fertilizer.The characteristics of this fertilizer is using biomass carbon as carrier, at the same time containing organic and inorganic bioactivity material, tool
Have and promote all soil conservations for transferring to improve chemical fertilizer nutrient of the biology of the nutrients such as nitrogen and crop to absorb, improve soil texture, carry
A variety of good actions such as high soil moisture content and promotion crop root growth.
Ingredient requirement see the table below in the present invention：
The requirement of 1 material purity of the present invention of table
| The name of an article | Purity requirement |
| Urea (powder) | Total nitrogen >=46% |
| Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (powder) | N >=11%, P2O5>=44% |
| Potassium chloride (powder) | K2O >=59% |
| Potassium sulfate (powder) | K2O >=52% |
Technical solution of the present invention, has the following advantages that：
1. the soybean dedicated biomass charcoal base manure of the offer of the present invention, relative to traditional composite fertilizer charcoal base similar with early stage
Fertilizer, abundant improvement has been done on its water-soluble (slow release) and pellet hardness.The present invention selects bentonite and calcium sulfate to make jointly
For binding agent, without organic principle, influence of the organic substance residues to soil is avoided；The particular adhesive of selection may be such that fertilizer
There is good bond effect in granulation process, the combination of biomass carbon and other nutrient chemicals is improved, so as to apply
The reasonable release of nutrient can be effectively controlled during, plays the role of efficiency slow release；Moulding effect good at the same time also causes fertilizer
Material granulating works well, and reduces the waste that fertilizer produces in transport and administration by crushing, meanwhile, avoid due to fertilizer powder
It is broken and cause nutrient in fertilizer cannot be it is anticipated that release, the problem of fertilizer efficiency shortens.
2. the soybean dedicated biomass charcoal base manure of the offer of the present invention, non-breakable, fertilizer efficiency extends, and is applied to soybean planting
During, the soybean particle of harvest is full, volume increase more than 5%.
3. the preparation method of soybean dedicated biomass charcoal base manure provided by the invention, it is double with chemistry that granulation process has physics concurrently
React again, under the reaction condition of high-temperature steam, the nitrogen phosphorus key of the amido link of urea and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and charcoal base in charcoal base manure
Roll into a ball with reference to and change chemical shift, nutrient is mutually linked with charcoal frame, is combined between raw material more closely, so as to extend fertilizer efficiency.
4. the preparation method of soybean dedicated biomass charcoal base manure provided by the invention, drying temperature higher, drying time is more
It is short, it is more suitable for large-scale industrialized production.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 release rate of nitrogen curves.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of soybean dedicated biomass charcoal base manure, includes the raw material of following parts by weight：15 parts of biomass carbon, 8 parts of urea, phosphorus
35 parts of acid dihydride ammonium, 30 parts of potassium sulfate, 5 parts of bentonite, 5 parts of calcium sulfate.
Its preparation method is：
(1) each component is weighed, be uniformly mixed；
(2) raw material mixed is granulated, the granulation process, as reaction medium, is passed through using high-temperature water vapor
It is 100 DEG C or so that high-temperature vapor, which maintains prilling temperature,.
(3) molding biomass carbon base particle is subjected to rapid draing at 400 DEG C, moisture content is less than 5%, after
20 mesh sieves, take fat particles footpath to be more than 1mm, the biomass carbon base less than 4.75mm.
Embodiment 2
A kind of soybean dedicated biomass charcoal base manure, includes the raw material of following parts by weight：20 parts of biomass carbon, 5 parts of urea, phosphorus
40 parts of acid dihydride ammonium, 20 parts of potassium chloride, 10 parts of bentonite, 1 part of calcium sulfate.
Its preparation method is：
(1) each component is weighed, be uniformly mixed；
(2) raw material mixed is granulated, the granulation process, as reaction medium, is passed through using high-temperature water vapor
It is 140 DEG C or so that high-temperature vapor, which controls prilling temperature,.
(3) molding biomass carbon base particle is subjected to rapid draing at 300 DEG C, makes moisture content less than 12%, then
20 mesh sieves are crossed, take fat particles footpath to be more than 1mm, the biomass carbon base less than 4.75mm.
Embodiment 3
A kind of soybean dedicated biomass charcoal base manure, includes the raw material of following parts by weight：18 parts of biomass carbon, 7 parts of urea, phosphorus
38 parts of acid dihydride ammonium, 25 parts of potassium sulfate, 8 parts of bentonite, 3 parts of calcium sulfate.
Its preparation method is：
(1) each component is weighed, be uniformly mixed；
(2) raw material mixed is granulated, the granulation process, as reaction medium, is passed through using high-temperature water vapor
It is 120 DEG C or so that high-temperature vapor, which controls prilling temperature,.
(3) molding biomass carbon base particle is subjected to rapid draing at 350 DEG C, moisture content is less than 5%, after
20 mesh sieves, take fat particles footpath to be more than 1mm, the biomass carbon base less than 4.75mm.
Comparative example 1
Commercially available common soybeans special fertilizer (Kai Feng-compound fertilizer dedicated fertilizer for soybean, the nutrient content for being not added with biomass carbon
14-26-8)。
Comparative example 2 (binding agent is bentonite)
A kind of soybean dedicated biomass charcoal base manure, includes the raw material of following parts by weight：18 parts of biomass carbon, 7 parts of urea, phosphorus
38 parts of acid dihydride ammonium, 25 parts of potassium sulfate, 8 parts of bentonite.
Its preparation method is：
(1) each component is weighed, be uniformly mixed；
(2) raw material mixed is granulated, the granulation process, as reaction medium, is passed through using high-temperature water vapor
It is 120 DEG C or so that high-temperature vapor, which controls prilling temperature,.
(3) molding biomass carbon base particle is subjected to rapid draing at 350 DEG C, moisture content is less than 5%, after
20 mesh sieves, take fat particles footpath to be more than 1mm, the biomass carbon base less than 4.75mm.
Comparative example 3 (binding agent is calcium sulfate)
A kind of soybean dedicated biomass charcoal base manure, includes the raw material of following parts by weight：18 parts of biomass carbon, 7 parts of urea, phosphorus
38 parts of acid dihydride ammonium, 25 parts of potassium sulfate, 3 parts of calcium sulfate.
Its preparation method is：
(1) each component is weighed, be uniformly mixed；
(2) raw material mixed is granulated, the granulation process, as reaction medium, is passed through using high-temperature water vapor
It is 120 DEG C or so that high-temperature vapor, which controls prilling temperature,.
(3) molding biomass carbon base particle is subjected to rapid draing at 350 DEG C, moisture content is less than 5%, after
20 mesh sieves, take fat particles footpath to be more than 1mm, the biomass carbon base less than 4.75mm.
Comparative example 4 (conventional to be granulated)
A kind of soybean dedicated biomass charcoal base manure, includes the raw material of following parts by weight：18 parts of biomass carbon, 7 parts of urea, phosphorus
38 parts of acid dihydride ammonium, 25 parts of potassium sulfate, 8 parts of bentonite, 3 parts of calcium sulfate.Its preparation method is：
(1) each component is weighed, be uniformly mixed；
(2) it is granulated, is granulated in the comminutor that the raw material mixed input is rotated, temperature is room temperature during granulation；
(3) molding biomass carbon base particle is subjected to rapid draing at 350 DEG C, moisture content is less than 5%, after
20 mesh sieves, take fat particles footpath to be more than 1mm, the biomass carbon base less than 4.75mm.
Experimental example
1. the test of fertilizer water solubility time (sustained release performance)
The essentially identical charcoal base manure of particle diameter that different binding agents make is chosen respectively and compound fertilizer granules 10 are placed on training
Support in ware, add the water of equivalent, be advisable with just flooding fertiliser granulates, stand, when the whole fertiliser granulates of record are scattered respectively
Time.
Influence of the different binding agent species of table 2 to the fertilizer water-soluble time
As can be seen that different binding agents has a great impact the dissolution time of fertilizer in water.Wherein, with bentonite
And calcium sulfate maintains the time of its form to be longer than exclusive use bentonite, sulphur in water for the biomass carbon base material of binding agent
The fertilizer of sour calcium and commercially available composite fertilizer, can greatly extend the time that fertiliser granulates disperse.
2. fertilizer hardness test
Since biomass carbon viscosity is poor, unit weight is small, and charcoal particle is larger, with that can influence charcoal base during N P and K raw material mixing granulation
The processability of fertile particle.Provided in standard GB/T 18877-2009, the particle size of more than 70% fertiliser granulates will be located
Between 1mm-4.75mm, therefore 1-2mm, 2-3mm, 3-4mm, 4-5mm particle diameter gone out respectively to lab scale and scale up test
Charcoal base manure particle, the measure of pellet hardness is carried out using granule strength tester, and measurement result is as shown in table 3：
Influence of the 3 variable grain particle diameter of table to fertilizer hardness
As can be seen from the above table, after the present invention is using the binding agent and recombination reaction granulation process, substantially overcome
The problem of difference of hardness that biomass carbon is brought by self-defect, the selection of binding agent and granulation process all have substantially fertilizer hardness
Influence.
3. fertilizer nitrogen release rate is tested
Water dissolution rate method：Except cultivation temperature is 25 DEG C, sample time 10min, 20min, 30min, 40min, 60min
Outside, remaining operation is with reference to standard GB/T/T 23348-2009 slow release fertilizers.
From experimental result (Fig. 1) as can be seen that before 20 minutes, the release rate of nitrogen of embodiment and comparative example is not bright
Aobvious difference, nitrogen leaching rate basically reach 40%-50%.During by 60 minutes, the nitrogen release rate of comparative example basically reaches
80%, and the nitrogen release rate of embodiment is only less than 70%, the substantially less than nitrogen release rate of comparative example.This just illustrates have
Nearly 10% nutrient is adsorbed by charcoal, and rate of release is slowed down, and the effective acting time of fertilizer is extended.
4. the nuclear magnetic resonance test of fertilizer
Using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Bruker 400MHZ to 3 gained fertilizer of embodiment and biomass carbon, urea, biphosphate
Ammonium carries out nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.The amido link and phosphorus that can be seen that in biomass carbon base urea is tested in wave spectrum from nuclear magnetic resonance
Chemical shift occurs for the nitrogen phosphorus key of ammonium, and the chemical shift of above-mentioned group proves that raw material is combined with charcoal group really in granulation process
Chemically reacted.
5. soybean planting is tested
The embodiment of the present invention and the preparation-obtained fertilizer of comparative example are used in the plantation of soybean, specific dosage and result
It see the table below：
Influence of 4 different fertilizer of table to soybean planting
As can be seen from the table, dedicated fertilizer for soybean provided by the invention can substantially increase the yield of soybean, volume increase
Amplitude is up to 5%.In terms of soybean quality, the crude protein and crude fat content of soybean slightly improve, but difference is not notable.
Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clarifying the description, and the restriction not to embodiment.It is right
For those of ordinary skill in the art, can also make on the basis of the above description it is other it is various forms of change or
Change.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.And the obvious change thus extended out or
Among changing still in the protection domain of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of soybean dedicated biomass charcoal base manure, it is characterised in that include the raw material of following parts by weight：Biomass carbon 15-20
Part, 5-8 parts of urea, 35-40 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 20-30 parts of sylvite, 5-10 parts of bentonite, 1-5 parts of calcium sulfate.
2. soybean dedicated biomass charcoal base manure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that include the original of following parts by weight
Material：18 parts of biomass carbon, 7 parts of urea, 38 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 25 parts of sylvite, 8 parts of bentonite, 3 parts of calcium sulfate.
3. soybean dedicated biomass charcoal base manure according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the sylvite is potassium sulfate
Or potassium chloride.
A kind of 4. preparation method of any one of claim 1-3 soybean dedicated biomass charcoal base manure, it is characterised in that including
Following steps：
(1) each component is weighed in proportion, is uniformly mixed；
(2) raw material mixed is granulated, the granulation process is using water vapour as reaction medium；
(3) molding biomass carbon base particle is dried at 300-400 DEG C, control water content is less than 5wt%, then
Sieved.
5. the preparation method of biomass carbon base according to claim 4, it is characterised in that prilling temperature 100-140
℃。
6. the preparation method of biomass carbon base according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the particle diameter of biomass carbon base
More than 1mm, less than 4.75mm.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN109718715A (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2019-05-07 | 安徽帝元现代农业投资发展有限公司 | A kind of production prilling granulator for charcoal base manure |
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Application publication date: 20180511 |