CN108015530A - A kind of bolt pretightening loads automatically and control device - Google Patents
A kind of bolt pretightening loads automatically and control device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108015530A CN108015530A CN201711342900.4A CN201711342900A CN108015530A CN 108015530 A CN108015530 A CN 108015530A CN 201711342900 A CN201711342900 A CN 201711342900A CN 108015530 A CN108015530 A CN 108015530A
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- bolt
- control device
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- bolts
- tools
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P19/00—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes
- B23P19/04—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes for assembling or disassembling parts
- B23P19/06—Screw or nut setting or loosening machines
- B23P19/067—Bolt tensioners
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to bolt pretightening detection field, in particular it is a kind of bolt pretightening loading and control device automatically, including bolt pretightening loading and measuring device, electromagnetic acoustic emitter, electromagnetic acoustic reception device, control device and servomotor, the bolt pretightening loading includes tools for bolts ' pretension force loading device and tools for bolts ' pretension force measuring device with measuring device, the servomotor connects tools for bolts ' pretension force loading device, the electromagnetic acoustic emitter and electromagnetic acoustic reception device connect the input terminal and output terminal of tools for bolts ' pretension force measuring device respectively, the input terminal of the output terminal connection control device of the electromagnetic acoustic reception device, the output terminal connection servomotor of the control device；The present invention can detect pretightning force numerical value in real time in pretightning force loading procedure, and the loading of pretightning force is adjusted according to measured value, and detection process is influenced without ultrasonic coupling agent, measurement result from bolt surface roughness.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to bolt pretightening detection field, is in particular a kind of bolt pretightening loading and control automatically
Device.
Background technology
Bolt is a large amount of in various infrastructure and industrial equipment as a kind of connector simple in structure, convenient for disassembly and assembly
Use, the installation quality of bolt is to ensureing that product quality is particularly important.Loose phenomenon is bolt asking of often occurring when being on active service
Topic, for bolt once loosening, its fastening effect will reduce or failure, causes structural instability, or even trigger catastrophic failure.Therefore,
The pretightning force of accurate measurement bolt, can effectively improve the security of bolted reliability and structure, and then produce huge
Social and economic benefit.
Bolt pretightening ultrasonic measurement technology based on acoustoelastic effect is that a kind of inexpensive, quick, lossless bolt is pre-
Clamp force measuring method.But the ultrasonic testing system currently used for bolt pretightening measurement uses piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer more.Pressure
Electric ultrasonic transducer is when in use, it usually needs surface of test piece is surface-treated, and smears ultrasonic wave-coupled agent.Therefore,
Tools for bolts ' pretension force measuring system based on piezoelectric supersonic is difficult to survey bolt pretightening while bolt pretightening loads
Amount.
The content of the invention
The defects of for more than in the prior art and Improvement requirement, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of bolt pretightening certainly
Dynamic loading and control device, can detect pretightning force numerical value in real time, detection process is without ultrasonic coupling in pretightning force loading procedure
Mixture, measurement result influence from bolt surface roughness.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of bolt pretightening loads automatically and control device, including bolt pretightening loading surpasses with measuring device, electromagnetism
Acoustic emission device, electromagnetic acoustic reception device, control device and servomotor, the bolt pretightening loading and measuring device bag
Tools for bolts ' pretension force loading device and tools for bolts ' pretension force measuring device are included, the tools for bolts ' pretension force measuring device is socketed in tools for bolts ' pretension
On force loading device, the servomotor connects tools for bolts ' pretension force loading device, the electromagnetic acoustic transmitting by gear drive
Device and electromagnetic acoustic reception device connect the input terminal and output terminal of tools for bolts ' pretension force measuring device, the electromagnetic acoustic respectively
The output terminal of the input terminal connection control device of emitter, the output terminal connection control device of the electromagnetic acoustic reception device
Input terminal, the control device output terminal connection servomotor.
As the further optimization of the technical program, a kind of bolt pretightening of the present invention loads automatically and control device, institute
Stating tools for bolts ' pretension force loading device includes Bolt sizes conversion accessory, the axle sleeve with gear, ball bearing, housing and cover board I, institute
State axle sleeve and be provided with two, two axle sleeves are by gear engaged transmission, and an axle sleeve is socketed on Bolt sizes conversion accessory, separately
One axle sleeve is fixedly connected on the transmission shaft of servomotor, the axle sleeve and ball bearing being socketed on Bolt sizes conversion accessory
Inner ring interference fit, the outer ring of ball bearing is interference fitted with housing, and the housing is connected with cover board I by fastener.
As the further optimization of the technical program, a kind of bolt pretightening of the present invention loads automatically and control device, institute
State and six clamping ears are evenly arranged with the outside of Bolt sizes conversion accessory, be provided with Bolt sizes conversion accessory and quilt
The hexagonal indentations that fastening bolt head coordinates, six clamping ears of the Bolt sizes conversion accessory are connected on an axle sleeve.
As the further optimization of the technical program, a kind of bolt pretightening of the present invention loads automatically and control device, institute
State and circular through hole I is provided with cover board I.
As the further optimization of the technical program, a kind of bolt pretightening of the present invention loads automatically and control device, institute
Stating tools for bolts ' pretension force measuring device includes potsherd, electromagnetic coil, permanent magnet, housing and cover board II, the potsherd, electromagnetic wire
Circle and permanent magnet are arranged in order by epoxy resin encapsulated in housing, and the cover board II is plugged in housing, and the housing is inserted
It is connected on cover board I, the cover board II coordinates with body clearance, and the housing is interference fitted with cover board I, is set on the cover board II
There is a circular through hole II, the circular through hole I on the cover board I is connected with the circular through hole II on cover board II.
As the further optimization of the technical program, a kind of bolt pretightening of the present invention loads automatically and control device, institute
Stating electromagnetic coil includes the coil I and coil II of overlapping placement, one end connection electromagnetic acoustic hair of the electromagnetic coil coil I
The output terminal of injection device, the other end electrical ground of coil I, one end connection electromagnetic acoustic of the electromagnetic coil coil II connect
The input terminal of receiving apparatus, the other end electrical ground of coil II, the magnetic pole distribution arrangement of the permanent magnet is perpendicular to electromagnetic coil.
As the further optimization of the technical program, a kind of bolt pretightening of the present invention loads automatically and control device, institute
Electromagnetic coil is stated by copper enameled wire with butterfly or spiral way coiling, the permanent magnet material is neodymium iron boron, the housing and
Cover board material is magnetic separator.
As the further optimization of the technical program, a kind of bolt pretightening of the present invention loads automatically and control device, institute
State and connector is fixedly connected with the circular through hole II on cover board II, the connector connects electromagnetic coil by conducting wire.
A kind of automatic loading of bolt pretightening of the present invention has the beneficial effect that with control device：
Automatically loading and control device, servomotor drive tools for bolts ' pretension force loading device to a kind of bolt pretightening of the present invention
Pretightning force is loaded to bolt, while bolt pretightening is measured using tools for bolts ' pretension force measuring device, and the bolt measured is pre-
Clamp force information is sent to control device；Tools for bolts ' pretension force measuring device can be produced by electromagnetic induction principle on metal specimen surface
Raw ultrasonic wave, measurement process can add without ultrasonic coupling agent, and from the influence of surface roughness in bolt pretightening
During load, its pretightning force is measured in real time；Control device controls the loading of pretightning force, directly according to the measured value of bolt pretightening
To pretightning force is loaded into desired value, so as to ensure the security of bolted reliability and structure.
Brief description of the drawings
The present invention will be further described in detail with specific implementation method below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the overall hardware architecture diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is bolt pretightening loading and the measuring device structure diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the Bolt sizes conversion accessory structure schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the tools for bolts ' pretension force measuring device structure diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the electromagnetic coil structure schematic diagram one of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the electromagnetic coil structure schematic diagram two of the present invention.
In figure：Bolt pretightening loads and measuring device 1；Tools for bolts ' pretension force loading device 1-1；Bolt sizes convert accessory
111；Axle sleeve 112 with gear；Ball bearing 113；Housing 114；Cover board I 115；Tools for bolts ' pretension force measuring device 1-2；Potsherd
121；Electromagnetic coil 122；Permanent magnet 123；Housing 124；Cover board II 125；Electromagnetic acoustic emitter 2；Electromagnetic acoustic receives dress
Put 3；Control device 4；Servomotor 5.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment one：
Illustrate present embodiment, a kind of bolt pretightening loading and control device, including bolt automatically with reference to Fig. 1-6
Pretightning force loads and measuring device 1, electromagnetic acoustic emitter 2, electromagnetic acoustic reception device 3, control device 4 and servomotor
5, the bolt pretightening loading includes tools for bolts ' pretension force loading device 1-1 and tools for bolts ' pretension force measuring device with measuring device 1
1-2, the tools for bolts ' pretension force measuring device 1-2 are socketed on tools for bolts ' pretension force loading device 1-1, and the servomotor 5 passes through
Gear drive connects tools for bolts ' pretension force loading device 1-1, and the electromagnetic acoustic emitter 2 and electromagnetic acoustic reception device 3 are divided
Not Lian Jie tools for bolts ' pretension force measuring device 1-2 input terminal and output terminal, the electromagnetic acoustic emitter 2 input terminal connection
The output terminal of control device 4, the input terminal of the output terminal connection control device 4 of the electromagnetic acoustic reception device 3, the control
The output terminal connection servomotor 5 of device 4；In use, bolt pretightening loading is installed on bolt end head with measuring device 1；Watch
Take drives tools for bolts ' pretension force loading device 1-1 to load pretightning force to bolt when motor 4 rotates by gear drive；Control device 4,
Electromagnetic acoustic emitter 2, tools for bolts ' pretension force measuring device 1-2 and electromagnetic acoustic reception device 3 are in turn connected to form closure electricity
Road；Electromagnetic acoustic emitter 2 encourages the electromagnet ultrasonic changer in tools for bolts ' pretension force measuring device 1-2 to produce ultrasonic wave,
Tools for bolts ' pretension force loading device 1-1 measures bolt pretightening while loading pretightning force to bolt；Control device 4 connects servo electricity
Machine 5, control device 4 control servomotor 5 to adjust pretightning force in real time according to the measured value of bolt pretightening；The work of this part is former
Reason is the signal intensity that bolt pretightening change causes pretightening force measuring apparatus 1-2, and control device 4 can use common master control
Chip, such as STM32F103RC controllers；Control device 4 is to the detection process and control device 4 of electric signal to controlling servo
The control of motor 5 is the prior art, is not elaborated in this specification；Servomotor 5 drives bolt pretightening loading dress
Put 1-1 and pretightning force is loaded to bolt, while using tools for bolts ' pretension force measuring device 1-2 measurement bolt pretightenings, and will measure
Tools for bolts ' pretension force information be sent to control device 4；Tools for bolts ' pretension force measuring device 1-2 can be by electromagnetic induction principle in gold
Belong to surface of test piece and produce ultrasonic wave, measurement process is without ultrasonic coupling agent, and from the influence of surface roughness, Neng Gou
In bolt pretightening loading procedure, its pretightning force is measured in real time；Control device 4 is according to the measured value of bolt pretightening, and control is in advance
The loading of clamp force, until pretightning force is loaded into desired value, so as to ensure the security of bolted reliability and structure.
Embodiment two：
Illustrate present embodiment with reference to Fig. 1-6, present embodiment is described further embodiment one, the spiral shell
Bolt pretension force loading device 1-1 includes Bolt sizes conversion accessory 111, the axle sleeve 112 with gear, ball bearing 113, housing
114 and cover board I 115, the axle sleeve 112 is provided with two, and two axle sleeves 112 pass through gear engaged transmission, 112 sets of an axle sleeve
It is connected on Bolt sizes conversion accessory 111, another axle sleeve 112 is fixedly connected on the transmission shaft of servomotor 5, is socketed in spiral shell
Axle sleeve 112 and the inner ring of ball bearing 113 on bolt size change over accessory 111 are interference fitted, the outer ring of ball bearing 113 and shell
Body 114 is interference fitted, and the housing 114 is connected with cover board I 115 by fastener；Potsherd 121 be close to tested bolt surface or
With the lift-off distance no more than 2mm.
Embodiment three：
Illustrate present embodiment with reference to Fig. 1-6, present embodiment is described further embodiment one, the spiral shell
The outside of bolt size change over accessory 111 is evenly arranged with six clamping ears, be provided with Bolt sizes conversion accessory 111 with
The hexagonal indentations coordinated by fastening bolt head, six clamping ears of the Bolt sizes conversion accessory 111 are connected to an axis
On set 112；Servomotor 5 drives the axle sleeve 112 with gear to rotate, and it is bolt that axle sleeve 112, which drives Bolt sizes conversion accessory 111,
Load pretightning force.
Embodiment four：
Illustrate present embodiment with reference to Fig. 1-6, present embodiment is described further embodiment one, the lid
Circular through hole I is provided with plate I 115；Cover board 115 and tools for bolts ' pretension force measuring device in tools for bolts ' pretension force loading device 1-1
On cover board 125 in 1-2, circular through hole is processed, is respectively used to be pierced by tools for bolts ' pretension force measuring device 1-2 and electromagnetic acoustic hair
The line and connector mounting that injection device 2, electromagnetic acoustic reception device 3 connect.Wherein, installed in tools for bolts ' pretension force measuring device 1-
The connector on cover board 125 in 1 is connected with electromagnetic coil 122.
Embodiment five：
Illustrate present embodiment with reference to Fig. 1-6, present embodiment is described further embodiment one, the spiral shell
Bolt pretightening force measuring apparatus 1-2 includes potsherd 121, electromagnetic coil 122, permanent magnet 123, housing 124 and cover board II 125, institute
State potsherd 121, electromagnetic coil 122 and permanent magnet 123 to be arranged in order by epoxy resin encapsulated in housing 124, the lid
Plate II 125 is plugged in housing 124, and the housing 124 is plugged on cover board I 115, the cover board II 125 and 124 gap of housing
Coordinate, the housing 124 is interference fitted with cover board I 115, and circular through hole II, the cover board I are provided with the cover board II 125
Circular through hole I on 115 is connected with the circular through hole II on cover board II 125.
Embodiment six：
Illustrate present embodiment with reference to Fig. 1-6, present embodiment is described further embodiment one, the electricity
Magnetic coil 122 includes the coil I and coil II of overlapping placement, one end connection electromagnetic acoustic of 122 coil I of electromagnetic coil
The output terminal of emitter 2, the other end electrical ground of coil I, one end connection electromagnetism of 122 coil II of electromagnetic coil
The input terminal of ultrasonic reception device 3, the other end electrical ground of coil II, the magnetic pole distribution arrangement of the permanent magnet 123 are vertical
In electromagnetic coil 122.
Embodiment seven：
Illustrate present embodiment with reference to Fig. 1-6, present embodiment is described further embodiment one, the electricity
Magnetic coil 122 is by copper enameled wire with butterfly or spiral way coiling；The material of the permanent magnet 123 is neodymium iron boron；The shell
The material of body 124 and cover board 125 is magnetic separator, such as 304 stainless steels.
Embodiment eight：
Illustrate present embodiment with reference to Fig. 1-6, present embodiment is described further embodiment one, the lid
Connector is fixedly connected with circular through hole II on plate II 125, the connector connects electromagnetic coil 122 by conducting wire.
Automatically loading and control device, its operation principle are a kind of bolt pretightening of the present invention：In use, tools for bolts ' pretension
Power is loaded is installed on bolt end head with measuring device 1；Bolt pretightening is driven to load by gear drive when servomotor 4 rotates
Device 1-1 loads pretightning force to bolt；Control device 4, electromagnetic acoustic emitter 2, tools for bolts ' pretension force measuring device 1-2 and electricity
Magnetic ultrasonic reception device 3 is in turn connected to form closed circuit；Electromagnetic acoustic emitter 2 encourages tools for bolts ' pretension force measuring device 1-
Electromagnet ultrasonic changer in 2 produces ultrasonic wave, is surveyed while tools for bolts ' pretension force loading device 1-1 loads pretightning force to bolt
Measure bolt pretightening；Control device 4 connects servomotor 5, and control device 4 controls servo according to the measured value of bolt pretightening
Motor 5 adjusts pretightning force in real time；This part operation principle is the letter that bolt pretightening change causes pretightening force measuring apparatus 1-2
Number change, control device 4 can use common main control chip, detection process and control device 4 of the control device 4 to electric signal
It is the prior art to the control for controlling servomotor 5, does not elaborate in this specification；Servomotor 5 drives bolt pre-
Clamp force loading device 1-1 loads bolt pretightning force, while measures bolt pretightening using tools for bolts ' pretension force measuring device 1-2,
And the tools for bolts ' pretension force information measured is sent to control device 4；Tools for bolts ' pretension force measuring device 1-2 can pass through electromagnetism sense
Principle is answered to produce ultrasonic wave on metal specimen surface, measurement process is without ultrasonic coupling agent, and from surface roughness
Influence, its pretightning force can be measured in real time in bolt pretightening loading procedure；Control device 4 is according to the survey of bolt pretightening
Value, controls the loading of pretightning force, until pretightning force is loaded into desired value, so as to ensure bolted reliability and structure
Security.
Certainly, described above is not limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is also not limited to the example above, the art
The variations, modifications, additions or substitutions that those of ordinary skill is made in the essential scope of the present invention, fall within the guarantor of the present invention
Protect scope.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of bolt pretightening loads automatically and control device, including bolt pretightening loading surpasses with measuring device (1), electromagnetism
Acoustic emission device (2), electromagnetic acoustic reception device (3), control device (4) and servomotor (5), it is characterised in that：The spiral shell
Bolt pretightning force is loaded includes tools for bolts ' pretension force loading device (1-1) and tools for bolts ' pretension force measuring device (1- with measuring device (1)
2), the tools for bolts ' pretension force measuring device (1-2) is socketed on tools for bolts ' pretension force loading device (1-1), the servomotor (5)
Tools for bolts ' pretension force loading device (1-1) is connected by gear drive, the electromagnetic acoustic emitter (2) and electromagnetic acoustic receive
Device (3) connects the input terminal and output terminal of tools for bolts ' pretension force measuring device (1-2), the electromagnetic acoustic emitter respectively
(2) output terminal of input terminal connection control device (4), the output terminal connection control dress of the electromagnetic acoustic reception device (3)
Put the input terminal of (4), the output terminal connection servomotor (5) of the control device (4).
2. a kind of bolt pretightening according to claim 1 loads automatically and control device, it is characterised in that：The bolt
Pretension force loading device (1-1) include Bolt sizes conversion accessory (111), the axle sleeve (112) with gear, ball bearing (113),
Housing (114) and cover board I (115), the axle sleeve (112) are provided with two, two axle sleeves (112) by gear engaged transmission,
One axle sleeve (112) is socketed on Bolt sizes conversion accessory (111), another axle sleeve (112) is fixedly connected on servomotor
(5) on transmission shaft, the inner ring mistake of the axle sleeve (112) and ball bearing (113) that are socketed on Bolt sizes conversion accessory (111)
It is full of cooperation, outer ring and the housing (114) of ball bearing (113) are interference fitted, and the housing (114) passes through tight with cover board I (115)
Firmware connects.
3. a kind of bolt pretightening according to claim 2 loads automatically and control device, it is characterised in that：The bolt
Six clamping ears are evenly arranged with the outside of size change over accessory (111), are provided with the Bolt sizes conversion accessory (111)
With the hexagonal indentations coordinated by fastening bolt head, six clamping ears of the Bolt sizes conversion accessory (111) are connected to one
On a axle sleeve (112).
4. a kind of bolt pretightening according to claim 2 loads automatically and control device, it is characterised in that：The cover board
Circular through hole I is provided with I (115).
5. a kind of bolt pretightening according to claim 4 loads automatically and control device, it is characterised in that：The bolt
Pretightening force measuring apparatus (1-2) includes potsherd (121), electromagnetic coil (122), permanent magnet (123), housing (124) and cover board
II (125), the potsherd (121), electromagnetic coil (122) and permanent magnet (123) are arranged in order and are existed by epoxy resin encapsulated
In housing (124), the cover board II (125) is plugged in housing (124), and the housing (124) is plugged on cover board I (115),
The cover board II (125) and housing (124) clearance fit, the housing (124) are interference fitted with cover board I (115), the cover board
It is provided with circular through hole II on II (125), the circular through hole I on the cover board I (115) leads to the circle on cover board II (125)
Hole II connects.
6. a kind of bolt pretightening according to claim 5 loads automatically and control device, it is characterised in that：The electromagnetism
Coil (122) includes the coil I and coil II of overlapping placement, and one end connection electromagnetism of electromagnetic coil (122) coil I surpasses
The output terminal of acoustic emission device (2), the other end electrical ground of coil I, one end of electromagnetic coil (122) coil II connect
Connect the input terminal of electromagnetic acoustic reception device (3), the other end electrical ground of coil II, the magnetic pole point of the permanent magnet (123)
Cloth direction is perpendicular to electromagnetic coil (122).
7. a kind of bolt pretightening according to claim 5 loads automatically and control device, it is characterised in that：The electromagnetism
For coil (122) by copper enameled wire with butterfly or spiral way coiling, the material of the permanent magnet (123) is neodymium iron boron, described
The material of housing (124) and cover board (125) is magnetic separator.
8. a kind of bolt pretightening according to claim 5 loads automatically and control device, it is characterised in that：The cover board
Connector is fixedly connected with circular through hole II on II (125), the connector connects electromagnetic coil (122) by conducting wire.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711342900.4A CN108015530A (en) | 2017-12-14 | 2017-12-14 | A kind of bolt pretightening loads automatically and control device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711342900.4A CN108015530A (en) | 2017-12-14 | 2017-12-14 | A kind of bolt pretightening loads automatically and control device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108015530A true CN108015530A (en) | 2018-05-11 |
Family
ID=62073515
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711342900.4A Pending CN108015530A (en) | 2017-12-14 | 2017-12-14 | A kind of bolt pretightening loads automatically and control device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN108015530A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112504590A (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2021-03-16 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Clamp for vibration fatigue test of aero-engine blade |
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Application publication date: 20180511 |
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