CN107271572B - Electromagnetic ultrasonic metal sheet flaw detection transducer - Google Patents
Electromagnetic ultrasonic metal sheet flaw detection transducer Download PDFInfo
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- CN107271572B CN107271572B CN201710641604.8A CN201710641604A CN107271572B CN 107271572 B CN107271572 B CN 107271572B CN 201710641604 A CN201710641604 A CN 201710641604A CN 107271572 B CN107271572 B CN 107271572B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/34—Generating the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/023—Solids
- G01N2291/0234—Metals, e.g. steel
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- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Magnetic Means (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of nondestructive testing, and relates to an electromagnetic ultrasonic metal sheet flaw detection transducer, which comprises a magnetic conductive shell, a handle, brass, a square permanent magnet, a rotating handle device, a PCB circuit board and a transduction coil, and is characterized in that: the middle part of one side of the magnetic conduction shell is provided with a containing cavity and a shell lead outlet, the upper end and the lower end of the containing cavity are both provided with brass mounting grooves, the upper brass mounting groove and the lower brass mounting groove are positioned on a straight line in the vertical direction, brass is fixed in the brass mounting grooves, the square permanent magnet is in the containing cavity, one side of the square permanent magnet is connected with a rotating handle device, the upper end face of the magnetic conduction shell is provided with a handle, the lower end face of the magnetic conduction shell is provided with a PCB circuit board, and the PCB circuit board is fixed with a transduction coil. The portable permanent magnet type transducer is convenient to carry, and the movable permanent magnet type transducer is structurally integrated and suitable for detection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of nondestructive detection, relates to an integrated portable device for exciting and receiving ultrasonic waves by using an electromagnetic coupling method, and particularly relates to an electromagnetic ultrasonic metal sheet flaw detection transducer.
Background
The metal plate is an indispensable raw material in industrial production, and the industries of aerospace industry, automobile manufacturing, precision instruments and the like have higher requirements on the quality of the metal plate, and the defects of surface scratch, holes and layering in the manufacturing process, or cracks, corrosion and the like in the using process need to be detected before the metal plate is used. The nondestructive detection technology is one of defect detection modes, and the mode utilizes the characteristics of sound, light, magnetism, electricity and the like of substances to detect whether defects exist in an object to be detected or not or the problem of non-uniformity exists, so that the information of the size, the position, the property, the quantity and the like of the defects can be given, the quality of products is improved in industrial production, and the production safety is ensured.
Electromagnetic ultrasound is a new technology in the field of nondestructive testing, and the detection technology is non-contact detection and does not need a coupling agent; the generated waveform is various in form, the waveform mode can be selected, the method is suitable for surface defect detection, high-temperature detection and long in sound wave propagation distance. Therefore, in industrial application, the application of ultrasonic flaw detection has been expanded to the fields of high temperature, high speed, on-line detection and the like, and is one of the development leading-edge technologies of nondestructive detection. As a core component of the electromagnetic ultrasonic detection system, the electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer consists of a detected metal plate, a coil and a magnet. And placing a coil excited by high-frequency current on the surface of the metal plate to be tested, exciting a magnetic field by the coil and inducing eddy current in the tested piece, and bearing Lorentz force under the action of a static magnetic field and a dynamic magnetic field by the eddy current, wherein the force then acts on a crystallization lattice of the metal to enable the crystal to generate periodic vibration, and exciting ultrasonic waves to generate an ultrasonic sound field on the surface of the metal test piece. The magnet can select electromagnet and permanent magnet, but the electromagnet needs the working power supply, is inconvenient for outdoor application, and the design selects the permanent magnet that need not external working power supply, but the transducer of conventional permanent magnet structure its magnetic field polarity outwards, easy absorption is on ferromagnetic material when using, consequently detects inconvenient operation when using. The detection precision is affected, and the problem of inconvenient carrying exists.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to:
in order to solve the problems of inconvenient operation and carrying of the traditional electromagnetic ultrasonic flaw detection probe, the invention provides an electromagnetic ultrasonic metal sheet flaw detection transducer with an integrated magnet structure and movable type for electromagnetic ultrasonic flaw detection, which is convenient to carry, and the movable type structure of the permanent magnet is integrated and suitable for detection.
The technical scheme is as follows:
electromagnetic ultrasonic metal sheet material transducer that detects a flaw, including magnetic conduction shell, handle, brass, square permanent magnet, twist grip device, PCB circuit board and transduction coil, its characterized in that: the middle part of one side of the magnetic conduction shell is provided with a containing cavity and a shell lead outlet, the upper end and the lower end of the containing cavity are both provided with brass mounting grooves, the upper brass mounting groove and the lower brass mounting groove are positioned on a straight line in the vertical direction, brass is fixed in the brass mounting grooves, the square permanent magnet is in the containing cavity, one side of the square permanent magnet is connected with a rotating handle device, the upper end face of the magnetic conduction shell is provided with a handle, the lower end face of the magnetic conduction shell is provided with a PCB circuit board, and the PCB circuit board is fixed with a transduction coil.
The magnetic conduction shell comprises a first magnetic conduction shell and a second magnetic conduction shell, the first magnetic conduction shell and the second magnetic conduction shell are split at the upper brass mounting groove and the lower brass mounting groove, and the two brass mounting grooves are in a straight line in the vertical direction.
The inner protection shell is arranged in the accommodating cavity and comprises a first inner protection shell and a second inner protection shell, and the first inner protection shell and the second inner protection shell are respectively arranged on two sides of the brass.
An end cover is arranged in the one end accommodating cavity of the inner protection shell, and a pull ring is arranged on the end face of the end cover.
The rotating handle device comprises a clamp, a rotating rod and a handle, wherein the clamp clamps the square permanent magnet, one end of the rotating rod is connected with the clamp, and one side of the other end of the rotating rod is connected with the handle.
The PCB circuit board both sides are vertical to be connected with first curb plate and second curb plate, and first curb plate and second curb plate respectively open 2 vertical rectangular mounting grooves, and first curb plate or second curb plate still open 2 curb plate wire exports.
The PCB circuit board is provided with 2 circuit board lead outlets.
The lower end face of the PCB is provided with a transduction coil, or the upper end face of the PCB is provided with a transduction coil, or both the upper end face and the lower end face of the PCB are provided with transduction coils.
The four sides of the square permanent magnet in the rotating axial direction are arc transition.
The first magnetic conductive shell and the second magnetic conductive shell are fixed through connecting bolts penetrating through the brass mounting grooves.
The advantages and effects:
the electromagnetic ultrasonic metal plate flaw detection transducer is relatively convenient to use, ultrasonic waves are excited in the metal test piece, and the transducer does not need to contact the surface of the test piece; by changing the composition and structure of the transducer, namely changing the detachable PCB and the fixing structure thereof, various ultrasonic waves of different types can be excited, so that different types of metal plates can be detected.
The use occasion is wider, the sound source is positioned in the metal plate to be detected, the detection effect is slightly influenced by external conditions such as the surface flatness and smoothness of the metal plate, and the detection efficiency is higher; meanwhile, the method is little influenced by temperature conditions, has strong adaptability to environmental conditions, and can be applied to extreme detection environments such as high and low temperatures.
The magnetic pole direction of the cylindrical magnet depends on the magnetizing direction when the cylindrical magnet is magnetized, namely, the magnetizing direction is magnetized, generally, two end faces of the solid cylindrical magnet are respectively an N pole and an S pole, and in the case, the magnetic force line distribution of the solid cylindrical magnet is from one face of the N pole to one face of the S pole through a peripheral space, the magnetic field of the edge part of the end face is strongest, and the magnetic field of the center part of the end face is weaker; the more the spatial magnetic field is stronger the closer to the magnet, the weaker the spatial magnetic field is the farther from the magnet. The square magnet has magnetic poles on six faces, the magnetic field lines form a closed magnetic circuit from the N pole to the S pole, the magnetic field is strong, and the attractive force is large, so that the square magnet has better effect, the design of chamfering the axial edges of the magnet is realized, and the magnetic field transition is smoother.
The fixed handle structure is arranged, so that the transducer can be lifted more conveniently; the rotary handle structure is arranged, so that the magnet can rotate conveniently. The design meaning of the portable transducer is satisfied.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electromagnetic ultrasonic sheet metal flaw detection transducer;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the overall disassembly of an electromagnetic ultrasonic metal sheet flaw detection transducer;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the magnetic conductive housing of the electromagnetic ultrasonic metal sheet flaw detection transducer;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an ultrasonic excitation process;
fig. 5 is a working process diagram.
The label is as follows: 1. the magnetic circuit board comprises a first magnetic conducting outer shell, a second magnetic conducting outer shell, a handle, 4, brass, 5, a square permanent magnet, 6, a PCB circuit board, 7, a transduction coil, 8, a containing cavity, 9, a brass mounting groove, 10, a first protective inner shell, 11, a second protective inner shell, 12, an end cover, 13, a pull ring, 14, a clamp, 15, a rotating rod, 16, a handle, 17, a first side plate, 18, a second side plate, 19, a mounting groove, 20, a side plate lead outlet, 21, an outer shell lead outlet, 22, a circuit board lead outlet, 23, a connecting bolt and 24.
Detailed Description
An electromagnetic ultrasonic metal sheet flaw detection transducer as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, comprising a magnetic conductive shell, a handle 3, brass 4, a square permanent magnet 5, a rotary handle device, a PCB circuit board 6 and a transduction coil 7, and being characterized in that: the middle part of one side of the magnetic conduction shell is provided with a containing cavity 8 and a shell lead-out port 21, the upper end and the lower end of the containing cavity 8 are provided with brass mounting grooves 9, the upper brass mounting groove 9 and the lower brass mounting groove 9 are positioned on a straight line in the vertical direction, the magnetic conduction shell consists of a first magnetic conduction shell 1 and a second magnetic conduction shell 2, the first magnetic conduction shell 1 and the second magnetic conduction shell 2 are separated at the upper brass mounting groove 9 and the lower brass mounting groove 9, and the two brass mounting grooves 9 are positioned on a straight line in the vertical direction. The first magnetically permeable housing 1 and the second magnetically permeable housing 2 are fixed together by a connecting bolt 23 passing through the brass mounting groove 9. The split housing facilitates mounting of the internal components and provides a stronger fixation of the brass 4. The housing chamber 8 is internally provided with a protective inner shell which comprises a first protective inner shell 10 and a second protective inner shell 11, and can protect the magnet from being damaged by external force. The brass 4 is fixed in the brass mounting groove 9, the square permanent magnet 5 is in the protection inner shell in the accommodating cavity 8, four sides of the rotation axis of the square permanent magnet 5 are arc transition, and the first protection inner shell 10 and the second protection inner shell 11 are respectively arranged on two sides of the brass 4. An end cover 12 is arranged in the accommodating cavity 8 at one end of the inner protection shell, and a pull ring 13 is arranged on the end face of the end cover 12. One side of the square permanent magnet 5 is connected with a rotating handle device, the rotating handle device comprises a clamp 14, a rotating rod 15 and a handle 16, the square permanent magnet 5 is clamped by the clamp 14, one end of the rotating rod 15 is connected with the clamp 14, and one side of the other end of the rotating rod 15 is connected with the handle 16. The handle 3 is installed to the up end of magnetic conduction shell, and PCB circuit board 6 is installed to the lower terminal surface of magnetic conduction shell, and PCB circuit board 6 is fixed with the transduction coil 7. Two sides of the PCB circuit board 6 are vertically connected with a first side board 17 and a second side board 18, and the first side board 17 and the second side board 18 are respectively provided with 2 vertical long-strip-shaped mounting grooves 19, and the height of the PCB circuit board 6 can be adjusted through the mounting grooves 19. The first side plate 17 or the second side plate 18 is also provided with 2 side plate lead-out openings 20, and the PCB circuit board 6 is provided with 2 circuit board lead-out openings 22. The lower end face of the PCB circuit board 6 is provided with a transduction coil 7, and a wire led out by the coil 7 passes through a circuit board wire outlet 22, a shell wire outlet 21 and a side plate wire outlet 20 to be connected with a power supply.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the electromagnetic ultrasonic metal plate flaw detection transducer is of an integrated structure, is not directly connected with a metal plate to be detected, and detects the surface defects of the metal plate by turning on and off magnetic force through a rotating handle.
In the ultrasonic excitation process, as shown in fig. 4, an excitation coil with high-frequency alternating current is placed on the surface of a tested piece, an alternating electromagnetic field is induced in the tested piece, then an electric vortex with the same frequency as that of the excitation current but opposite to that of the excitation current is induced on the surface of the tested piece, according to Faraday electromagnetic induction law, charged particles in the tested piece are subjected to Lorentz force in a bias magnetic field applied by a permanent magnet, the direction of the charged particles is judged by a left hand rule, particles on the surface of the tested piece are subjected to the action of the force to generate high-frequency periodic vibration and are transferred to surrounding particles, and then tiny elastic deformation is generated, and the elastic vibration with speed and displacement propagates in the tested piece in a wave mode, so that ultrasonic waves with the same frequency as that of the alternating current are excited.
As shown in fig. 5, the transducer operates as follows: the signal generating circuit generates a high-frequency pulse signal, the high-frequency pulse signal is used as an excitation signal, the excitation signal is driven to pass through the power amplifying circuit, the excitation signal is amplified and then passes through the impedance matching circuit, the excitation signal is applied to the coil of the transmitting transducer, the coil which is electrified with high-frequency alternating current generates an electric vortex on the surface of the metal plate, the electric vortex and a bias magnetic field provided by the permanent magnet act together to generate ultrasonic waves in the metal plate, the ultrasonic waves are propagated in the plate and are received by the receiving transducer, the receiving coil is sensitive to weak ultrasonic signals, the receiving coil is coupled to generate extremely small voltage, the voltage signal is amplified by the pre-amplifying circuit at one stage and is filtered by the filtering circuit, finally, a detection signal is displayed on the oscilloscope, and the result is exported for data processing and analysis.
The main functions are as follows:
the electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer can convert input electric power into mechanical power and then spread the mechanical power, consumes less energy, can be used for detecting defects of metal plates, comprises nonferromagnetic materials and ferromagnetic materials, and has different requirements on transducer parameters by different tested pieces.
In order to conveniently detect whether defects or non-uniformity exist in the metal sheet and rapidly give out information such as the size, the position, the property, the quantity and the like of the defects, the main problems in actual detection are solved, and firstly, the design of the transducer is convenient to carry; and secondly, the transducer structure is integrated and suitable for detection, so that the transducer manufacturing process is effectively improved, and the rapid and convenient detection of the defects of the metal plate is realized.
The split design is convenient to detach and replace the internal magnet, and the magnet and coil combination with different shapes is used for flaw detection of different types. The handle is fixed, so that the strong magnetic seat is more convenient to carry; the protection inner shell is used for protecting the magnet in a shockproof manner, slowing down the magnet strain speed and prolonging the service life; brass is a non-magnetic conductive material, when not in use, because of the non-magnetic conductivity of brass, a left closed magnetic circuit and a right closed magnetic circuit are formed between the magnet and the cast iron shell, no attraction force is generated, and when in use, the rotary magnet, the magnet and the cast iron shell form a closed magnetic circuit, and the attraction force can attract an object to be detected.
The cast iron shell and the double-end stud enable the structure of the transducer to be firmer, the raw materials of the transducer are more environment-friendly, and the transducer is more convenient to carry and use. The rounded square magnet has an excellent scratch-proof structure, and when the square permanent magnet is rotated, the magnetic field is enabled to be smooth and excessive.
The foregoing is a detailed description of the invention in connection with the preferred embodiments, and it is not intended to limit the invention to the specific embodiments, but is to be construed as the scope of the invention for simple deduction and substitution without departing from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. Electromagnetic ultrasonic metal sheet material transducer that detects a flaw, including magnetic conduction shell, handle, brass, square permanent magnet, twist grip device, PCB circuit board and transduction coil, its characterized in that: the middle part of one side of the magnetic conduction shell is provided with a containing cavity and a shell lead outlet, the upper end and the lower end of the containing cavity are both provided with brass mounting grooves, the upper brass mounting groove and the lower brass mounting groove are positioned on a straight line in the vertical direction, brass is fixed in the brass mounting grooves, a square permanent magnet is arranged in the containing cavity, one side of the square permanent magnet is connected with a rotating handle device, the upper end face of the magnetic conduction shell is provided with a handle, the lower end face of the magnetic conduction shell is provided with a PCB circuit board, and the PCB circuit board is fixed with a transduction coil;
the rotating handle device comprises a clamp, a rotating rod and a handle, wherein the clamp clamps the square permanent magnet, one end of the rotating rod is connected with the clamp, and one side of the other end of the rotating rod is connected with the handle;
the lower end face of the PCB is provided with a transduction coil, or the upper end face of the PCB is provided with a transduction coil, or both the upper end face and the lower end face of the PCB are provided with transduction coils;
the magnetic force is turned on and off by rotating the handle to detect the surface defect of the metal plate.
2. The electromagnetic ultrasonic sheet metal inspection transducer of claim 1, wherein: the magnetic conduction shell comprises a first magnetic conduction shell and a second magnetic conduction shell, the first magnetic conduction shell and the second magnetic conduction shell are split at the upper brass mounting groove and the lower brass mounting groove, and the two brass mounting grooves are in a straight line in the vertical direction.
3. The electromagnetic ultrasonic sheet metal inspection transducer of claim 1, wherein: the inner protection shell is arranged in the accommodating cavity and comprises a first inner protection shell and a second inner protection shell, and the first inner protection shell and the second inner protection shell are respectively arranged on two sides of the brass.
4. An electromagnetic ultrasonic sheet metal inspection transducer according to claim 3, wherein: an end cover is arranged in the accommodating cavity at one end of the inner protection shell, and a pull ring is arranged on the end face of the end cover.
5. The electromagnetic ultrasonic sheet metal inspection transducer of claim 1, wherein: the PCB circuit board both sides are vertical to be connected with first curb plate and second curb plate, and first curb plate and second curb plate respectively open 2 vertical rectangular mounting grooves, and first curb plate or second curb plate still open 2 curb plate wire exports.
6. The electromagnetic ultrasonic sheet metal inspection transducer of claim 5 wherein: the PCB circuit board is provided with 2 circuit board lead outlets.
7. The electromagnetic ultrasonic sheet metal inspection transducer of claim 1, wherein: the four sides of the square permanent magnet in the rotating axial direction are arc transition.
8. The electromagnetic ultrasonic sheet metal inspection transducer of claim 2, wherein: the first magnetic conductive shell and the second magnetic conductive shell are fixed through connecting bolts penetrating through the brass mounting grooves.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710641604.8A CN107271572B (en) | 2017-07-31 | 2017-07-31 | Electromagnetic ultrasonic metal sheet flaw detection transducer |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710641604.8A CN107271572B (en) | 2017-07-31 | 2017-07-31 | Electromagnetic ultrasonic metal sheet flaw detection transducer |
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| CN107271572A CN107271572A (en) | 2017-10-20 |
| CN107271572B true CN107271572B (en) | 2023-09-26 |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107741460B (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2024-06-04 | 沈阳工业大学 | Transducer follow-up mechanical device structure of detector in electromagnetic ultrasonic pipeline |
| CN108802185B (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2020-12-29 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Metal material defect detection sensor based on pulse eddy current and electromagnetic ultrasound |
| CN111380963A (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2020-07-07 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Omnidirectional SH wave electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer without permanent magnet and design method thereof |
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