CN110108787B - Rotatory metal component electromagnetism nondestructive test device based on motional vortex - Google Patents
Rotatory metal component electromagnetism nondestructive test device based on motional vortex Download PDFInfo
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- CN110108787B CN110108787B CN201910374087.1A CN201910374087A CN110108787B CN 110108787 B CN110108787 B CN 110108787B CN 201910374087 A CN201910374087 A CN 201910374087A CN 110108787 B CN110108787 B CN 110108787B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/72—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables
- G01N27/82—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws
- G01N27/90—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws using eddy currents
- G01N27/9006—Details, e.g. in the structure or functioning of sensors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/72—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables
- G01N27/82—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws
- G01N27/90—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws using eddy currents
- G01N27/9093—Arrangements for supporting the sensor; Combinations of eddy-current sensors and auxiliary arrangements for marking or for rejecting
Abstract
The invention discloses a rotating metal component electromagnetic nondestructive testing device based on an motional eddy current, which comprises: the device comprises a rotating platform, a speed regulator, a probe, a clamp, a power supply, a signal conditioning circuit, a data acquisition card and a computer, wherein the rotating platform is fixed with a rotating metal component and comprises a motor, a rotating shaft, the rotating metal component, a coupler, a bearing seat, a motor support and a base plate; the device can carry out quick, accurate quantitative nondestructive test to defects in fast rotating metal components such as steam turbine rotors, gear shafts, and the like, effectively improves the defect detection efficiency of the rotating metal components, and realizes the fast quantitative identification of the defects of the rotating metal components.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nondestructive detection of objects, in particular to an electromagnetic nondestructive detection device for a rotating metal component based on an motional eddy current.
Background
Non-destructive testing (NDT) is an applied technology based on modern science and technology, which detects the physical performance, state characteristics and internal structure of the object by physical method on the premise of not destroying the internal structure of the object to be tested, and checks whether discontinuity (i.e. defect) exists in the object to judge whether the object to be tested is qualified, thereby evaluating the applicability of the object. Electromagnetic nondestructive testing is an important branch of nondestructive testing technology, and is to detect defects in materials by using the change of electromagnetic properties of the materials under the action of electromagnetic fields. Therefore, the electromagnetic nondestructive testing technology is widely applied to the defect detection of metal components in the industries of aviation, aerospace, machinery, automobiles, nuclear energy, railways and the like, and becomes an indispensable quality assurance means.
The existing defect detection method for the rotating metal component is mainly static or quasi-static scanning detection, and the detection method mainly comprises ultrasonic detection, eddy current detection, magnetic flux leakage detection, Barkhausen effect detection and the like, but the detection methods are time-consuming and low in efficiency, and are not beneficial to improvement of market competitiveness in industrial production. In order to realize the rapid detection of the defects of the rotating metal component, the speed of nondestructive detection of the defects in the rotating metal component is urgently needed to be increased, and the existing detection method mainly has the following problems when the defects of the rotating metal component are detected:
carrying out ultrasonic detection: a coupling agent is needed to limit the improvement of the detection speed, and meanwhile, the ultrasonic detection has certain difficulty in quantitative detection of the surface and subsurface defects of the metal component;
detecting eddy current: eddy current detection in a motion state is greatly influenced by lift-off factors, and the detection of internal defects of metal components cannot be realized due to skin effect;
and thirdly, magnetic flux leakage detection: the method is only suitable for detecting the defects of the metal component made of the ferromagnetic material, and simultaneously, the magnetization of the metal component is incomplete when the metal component is inspected at a high speed due to the magnetization hysteresis effect, so that the quantitative identification of the defects is influenced.
Static or quasi-static scanning non-destructive inspection operations result in inefficient inspection for defects in rotating metal components. Meanwhile, most of the rotating metal components are in the shape of a circular ring or a circular disk, so that difficulty is brought to selection of a static or quasi-static detection scanning path. Therefore, in order to improve the defect detection efficiency and realize the rapid and accurate nondestructive detection of the defects of the rotating metal member, the static or quasi-static scanning type nondestructive detection method cannot meet the requirement.
Wujiabo et al propose an electromagnetic nondestructive inspection apparatus for metal pipes based on eddy currents generated by relative movement between a moving metal member and an inspection apparatus (Chinese patent: CN205538829U)
The device has the following problems and disadvantages:
the motion trail of the device is a straight line, and due to the structural limitation of the device, the device can only realize the detection of defects in the moving metal pipe fitting, but has difficulty in the nondestructive detection of the defects in the rotating metal component.
Secondly, the device adopts a V-shaped wheel conveying device to linearly advance and convey the metal pipe fitting to be detected, so that the further improvement of the detection speed is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a rotating metal component electromagnetic nondestructive testing device based on a dynamic eddy current, which can carry out rapid and accurate quantitative nondestructive testing on defects in rapidly rotating metal components such as a steam turbine rotor, a gear shaft and the like, effectively improves the defect detection efficiency of the rotating metal component, and realizes rapid quantitative identification of the defects of the rotating metal component.
The embodiment of the invention is realized by the following steps:
an electromagnetic nondestructive testing apparatus for rotating metal components based on motional eddy currents, comprising: the device comprises a rotating platform, a speed regulator, a probe, a clamp, a power supply, a signal conditioning circuit, a data acquisition card and a computer, wherein the rotating platform is fixed with a rotating metal component; when the inside of the rotating metal component contains defects, the magnetic field in the rotating metal component is disturbed, a disturbed magnetic field signal is detected through a magnetic sensor, the magnetic sensor converts the detected magnetic field signal into a voltage signal and outputs the voltage signal to a signal conditioning circuit, the voltage signal is filtered and amplified by the signal conditioning circuit and is transmitted to a data acquisition card, and the data acquisition card transmits data to a computer for analysis and processing; the data acquisition card can be incorporated into the computer and integrated with the computer.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rotating platform includes a motor, a rotating shaft, and a rotating metal member, wherein the motor drives the rotating metal member to rotate through the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft and the rotating metal member are fixed to each other.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rotating platform further includes a coupler, a bearing, and a bearing seat, the bearing is clamped into the bearing seat, one end of the rotating shaft passes through the rotating metal member and then is fixed on the bearing seat through the bearing, the other end of the rotating shaft passes through the bearing and is fixed on the bearing seat and then is connected with the coupler, and two ends of the coupler connect the motor shaft and the rotating shaft.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rotating platform further includes a motor support and a base plate, the base plate is provided with a mounting hole for mounting the motor support and the bearing seat, the motor is fixed on the top surface of the base plate through the motor support, and the bearing seat is fixed on the base plate.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the probe is fixed above the rotating metal member by a clamp and spaced from the rotating metal member by a distance d, wherein the distance d is in a range of 0.5mm to 1 mm.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the excitation coil is in a ring shape, and the magnetic sensor is disposed in the ring, and the magnetic sensor is a giant magnetoresistance sensor, a tunneling magnetic sensor, or a hall sensor.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the clamp includes a base, a connecting member, a cross bar and a chuck, the base is provided with a rod for the connecting member to move up and down, the connecting member adjusts a height through the rod, the connecting member can rotate 360 ° with respect to the rod, two ends of the cross bar are respectively connected to the chuck and the connecting member, the chuck can rotate with respect to the cross bar, and the cross bar can rotate with respect to the base.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the clamp further includes a locking member, the connecting member has a vertical first insertion hole for inserting the rod, a horizontal second insertion hole for inserting one end of the cross bar, and a fixing hole for fixing the position, the fixing hole connects the first insertion hole to the outside, and the locking member fixes the height of the connecting member and the rotation angle of the cross bar through the fixing hole.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the probe is mounted to the chuck, the probe is adjusted in distance from the rotating metal member by the cross bar, and the probe is adjusted in angle toward the rotating metal member by the cross bar and the chuck.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the chuck is provided with a ring for clamping the probe, the outer side end of the ring is connected with one end of the cross rod, the chuck is provided with a fixing hole communicated with the inner side and the outer side of the ring, and the locking piece clamps the probe in the ring through the fixing hole.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
based on the motional eddy current principle, the direct current power supply is adopted as excitation, the motional eddy current is generated by utilizing the relative motion between the probe and the rotating metal component, the nondestructive detection of the defects in the rotating metal component is realized, the detection speed is high, and the accuracy is higher; the rotating platform utilizes the speed regulator to realize the control of the rotating speed of the rotating metal component, and realizes the real-time monitoring and adjustment of the actual rotating speed of the rotating metal component through the speed regulator, so that the rotating platform can drive metal components with various shapes and different sizes to rotate at high speed, can detect various metal components and has wider adaptability; the clamp of the probe can freely adjust the height and the position, has the functions of coarse adjustment and fine adjustment of the probe, can enable the probe to quickly align to various detected components, and determines the proper lifting distance and detection position; the defect detection method has the advantages that the defect detection of the high-speed rotating metal component is realized, the detection is simple and convenient, the high-speed rotating structure is realized, the problems of time consumption and low efficiency of detection in the defect detection method of the rotating metal component are solved, the market competitiveness of metal parts in the production process and in later-stage quality monitoring and other industrial applications is improved, and the huge economic benefit is brought.
Drawings
To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electromagnetic nondestructive testing apparatus for rotating metal components based on motional eddy currents according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the invention based on motional eddy current electromagnetic nondestructive testing;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an electromagnetic nondestructive testing apparatus for rotating metal components based on motional eddy currents according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the probe of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a probe of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a rotary platform according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an assembled view of the rotary platform of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the clamp of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is an assembled view of the clamp of the present invention;
icon: 1-rotating the platform; 11-a motor; 12-a coupling; 13-a bearing seat; 14-a bearing; 15-a rotating shaft; 16-a rotating metal member; 17-a base plate; 18-a motor support; 2-speed regulator; 3-a power supply; 4-a probe; 41-excitation coil; 42-a magnetic sensor; 5, clamping; 51-a base; 52-a connector; 53-a cross-bar; 54-a chuck; 6-a signal conditioning circuit; 7-a data acquisition card; 8-a computer.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
First embodiment
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides an electromagnetic nondestructive testing apparatus for a rotating metal member 16 based on an eddy current, which includes: the rotary platform comprises a rotary platform 1 fixed with a rotary metal member 16, a speed regulator 2 used for electrically connecting the rotary platform 1, a probe 4 provided with an excitation coil 41 and a magnetic sensor 42, a clamp 5 used for fixing the probe 4, a power supply 3 electrically connected with the excitation coil 41, a signal conditioning circuit 6 electrically connected with the magnetic sensor 42, a data acquisition card 7 electrically connected with the signal conditioning circuit 6 and a computer 8 electrically connected with the data acquisition card 7, wherein the rotary platform 1 comprises a motor 11, a rotating shaft 15, the rotary metal member 16, a coupler 12, a bearing 14, a bearing seat 13, a motor support 18 and a base plate 17, the clamp 5 comprises a base 51, a connecting member 52, a cross rod 53, a chuck 54 and a locking member, the base 51 is provided with a rod body for the connecting member 52 to move up and down; the invention utilizes the principle of the motional eddy current, realizes the defect detection by the motional eddy current generated by the relative motion between the probe 4 and the rotating metal component 16, takes direct current as an excitation source, is simpler and more convenient, can realize the rapid detection of the defects of the high-speed rotating metal component 16, is provided with the clamp 5 which can freely adjust the height and the position of the probe 4, is convenient for the rough strip and the fine adjustment of the position of the probe 4 during the detection, and realizes the nondestructive detection of the defects of the high-speed selectively-installed metal components such as gears, bearing 14 rings, flanges and the like.
Referring to fig. 2, the principle of electromagnetic nondestructive testing based on motional eddy current is as follows: when direct current is passed into the exciting coil 41 in the probe 4, the probe 4 will generate a constant magnetic field B ', and at this time, if there is a rotating metal member 16 under the probe 4, because there is relative motion between the probe 4 and the metal member, according to faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, the surface of the test piece will generate motional eddy currents, denoted as J1、J2Known from Lenz's law, the kinetically-generated vortex J1、J2In the opposite direction, J1、J2The generated magnetic fields are respectively marked as B1And B2The directions are respectively the same and opposite to the direction of the constant magnetic field B'. Meanwhile, if the detected metal component is a ferromagnetic material, the ferromagnetic component will be magnetized by the constant magnetic field B', generating a magnetization field B3The direction of which is the same as the direction of the constant magnetic field B'. Thus, the integrated magnetic field B inside the electromagnetic nondestructive inspection system can be expressed as:
B＝B'+B1+B2+B3
wherein, B is the comprehensive magnetic field in the electromagnetic nondestructive testing system, B' is the constant magnetic field generated by the probe 4, B1And B2For imparting a vortex J1And J2The magnetic field generated, B3A magnetization field generated for rotating the metal member 16.
When a rotating member metal member with defects passes through the probe 4 at a certain speed, the comprehensive magnetic field B is disturbed, a signal of the comprehensive magnetic field B is measured by using a giant magnetoresistive sensor, a tunnel magnetoresistive sensor, a Hall sensor and other magnetic sensors 42, an induction signal of the magnetic sensor 42 is amplified and filtered, the amplified and filtered signal is acquired and processed, and finally, quantitative identification of the defects is realized through analysis and processing of a computer 8.
Referring to fig. 3, a probe 4 and a rotating metal member 16 move relatively, in this embodiment, the rotating metal member 16 rotates at a high speed relative to the probe 4, and when the electromagnetic nondestructive detection is performed on the rotating metal member 16 rotating at the high speed, first, a rotating platform 1, a speed regulator 2, the probe 4, a clamp 5, a power supply 3, a signal conditioning circuit 6, a data acquisition card 7 and a computer 8 are sequentially connected together, wherein the speed regulator 2, the signal conditioning circuit 6, the data acquisition card 7 and the computer 8 are in the prior art, and the data acquisition card 7 can be incorporated into the computer 8 to be integrated with the computer 8, in this embodiment, the data acquisition card 7 and the computer 8 are separately arranged; the speed regulator 2 is connected to a motor 11 of the rotary platform 1 through an electric wiring, the probe 4 is installed on a clamp 5 and is positioned beside a rotary metal member 16, a power supply 3 is connected to an exciting coil 41 of the probe 4 through the electric wiring, a signal conditioning circuit 6 is connected to a magnetic sensor 42 of the probe 4 through the electric wiring, the signal conditioning circuit 6 is connected with a data acquisition card 7 through the electric wiring, the data acquisition card 7 is connected with a computer 8 through the electric wiring, the rotary metal member 16 is fixed on a base plate 17, the rotary platform 1 drives the metal member to rotate by the motor 11, the rotation speed is regulated by the speed regulator 2, the display and regulation of the actual rotation speed of the rotary metal member 16 are realized by the speed regulator 2, the positions of the probe 4 and the rotary metal member 16 are regulated by the clamp 5, the probe 4 is regulated to a proper position by the clamp 5, and the clamp 5 is fixed above the, the lift-off distance is d, the range of d is 0.5mm < d <1mm, the exciting coil 41 in the probe 4 is connected with the direct current of the power supply 3, the exciting coil 41 generates a constant magnetic field by electrifying, when the inside of the rotating metal member 16 contains defects, the magnetic field in the rotating metal member 16 is disturbed, and the disturbed magnetic field signal is detected by the magnetic sensor 42, the magnetic field signal can be detected by the magnetic sensor 42 such as a giant magnetoresistance sensor, a tunnel magnetoresistance sensor or a hall sensor, etc., the magnetic sensor 42 of the embodiment adopts the hall sensor, the magnetic sensor 42 converts the detected magnetic field signal into a voltage signal and outputs the voltage signal to the signal conditioning circuit 6, the electric signal output by the magnetic sensor 42 is filtered and amplified by the signal conditioning circuit 6, the clutter voltage signal in the voltage signal is filtered and amplified by a certain multiple, which is beneficial to reading and processing of the signal, the signal conditioning circuit 6 filters and amplifies the voltage signal and transmits the signal to the data acquisition card 7, the signal is input to the data acquisition module for data acquisition and A/D conversion, and finally, the data acquisition card 7 transmits the digital signal to the computer 8 for analysis and processing, so that quantitative identification of defects is realized.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the probe 4 includes an excitation coil 41 and a magnetic sensor 42, the excitation coil 41 is connected to the power supply 3 through an electrical connection, the magnetic sensor 42 is connected to the signal conditioning circuit 6 through an electrical connection, the excitation coil 41 is excited in a ring shape and has an outer diameter of the excitation coil 41 and an inner diameter of the excitation coil 41, such that the excitation coil 41 forms a ring cylinder, the magnetic sensor 42 is disposed in the ring cylinder, the magnetic sensor 42 is a giant magnetoresistance sensor, a tunnel magnetic sensor 42 or a hall sensor, the excitation coil 41 is energized with an excitation signal (direct current) to generate a constant magnetic field, the probe 4 and the rotating metal member 16 move relatively to generate an eddy current inside the metal member, if the rotating metal member 16 to be detected is a ferromagnetic material, the ferromagnetic member is magnetized by the constant magnetic field of the excitation coil 41, and finally the integrated magnetic field inside the electromagnetic nondestructive detection system is as shown in the formula of the integrated magnetic field, when a defective metal member of the rotating member passes through the probe 4 at a certain speed, the resultant magnetic field B is disturbed, and a signal of the resultant magnetic field B is detected by using the magnetic sensor 42, which is a hall sensor 42 in this embodiment, and converts the detected magnetic field signal into a corresponding voltage signal and outputs the voltage signal to the signal conditioning circuit 6.
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, the rotating platform 1 includes a motor 11, a rotating shaft 15, a rotating metal member 16, a coupler 12, a bearing 14, a bearing seat 13, a motor support 18 and a base plate 17, the rotating platform 1 is mainly used for driving the metal member to rotate at a high speed, and simultaneously, it is necessary to ensure the stable operation of the whole device, the motor 11 is a dc permanent magnet motor 11 with a large rotating speed and torque to drive the rotating metal member 16 to rotate at a high speed, a motor 11 casing is welded at the bottom of the motor 11, the motor 11 casing is provided with bolt holes, the top of the motor support 18 is provided with bolt holes opposite to the bolt holes, the motor 11 is fixed on the motor support 18 through the bolt holes, the motor 11 is connected with the rotating shaft 15 through the coupler 12 and drives the rotating metal member 16 to rotate, the coupler 12 is used for connecting the motor 11 with the, one end of the rotating shaft 15 is clamped into the other end of the coupling 12, in order to avoid the influence of manufacturing and installation errors, deformation after bearing and temperature change, the coupling 12 selects a diaphragm coupling 12 to compensate the position deviation and relative displacement of the motor 11 crankshaft and the rotating shaft 15, an elastic element of the coupling 12 is a diaphragm group formed by overlapping a certain number of thin annular metal diaphragms, a plurality of bolt holes are uniformly distributed on the diaphragm along the circumference, the diaphragm is connected with the half couplings 12 on both sides by using hinging holes at intervals in a staggered mode through bolts, thus an arc section on the elastic element is divided into two parts of staggered compression and stretching, the stretching part transmits torque, the compression part tends to, when the connected motor 11 crankshaft and the rotating shaft 15 have axial, radial and angular displacement, the metal diaphragms generate wavy deformation, and the connected motor 11 crankshaft and the rotating shaft 15 are ensured to run stably, the bearing seat 13 is made of Q235 steel, the top of the bearing seat 13 is provided with a through groove which is cylindrical and communicates two ends of the bearing seat 13, the through groove is used for mounting a bearing 14 and is fixed with a foundation plate 17 through a bolt, the bearing 14 is a deep groove ball bearing 14 and is mainly used for bearing the radial load of a rotating shaft 15 and also can bear a certain axial load, the bearing 14 is clamped into the bearing seat 13, one end of the rotating shaft 15 penetrates through a rotating metal member 16 and then is fixed on the bearing seat 13 through the bearing 14, the other end of the rotating shaft 15 penetrates through the bearing 14 and is fixed on the bearing seat 13 and then is connected with a coupler 12, two ends of the coupler 12 are used for connecting a motor 11 shaft with the rotating shaft 15, the rotating shaft 15 is made of No. 45 steel, two ends of the rotating shaft 15 are respectively inserted into the bearing 14, the rotating shaft 15 and the rotating metal member 16 are fixed with, the flange and the rotating metal member 16 are fixed through bolts and nuts, the rotating shaft 15 is connected with the rotating metal member 16 to be detected through the flange and drives the rotating metal member to rotate at a high speed, the metal rotating member and the rotating shaft 15 rotate at a high speed together, the base plate 17 is made of Q235 steel, the bearing seat 13 is fixed on the base plate 17 through the bolts, the motor support 18 is fixed on the base plate 17 through the bolts, the whole device operates stably after the fixing, the base plate 17 is provided with mounting holes for mounting the motor support 18 and the bearing seat 13, the motor 11 is fixed on the top surface of the base plate 17 through the motor support 18, the bearing seat 13 is fixed on the base plate 17, the bottom of the motor support 18 is provided with bolt holes and is connected with the base plate 17 through the bolts, the bolt holes are positioned at one end of the base plate 17, the bottom of the bearing seat 13 is provided with bolt holes, the top, the bottom of bearing frame 13 is provided with the bolt hole that supplies the bolt fastening, and the bolt is fixed bearing frame 13 at foundatin plate 17 top, and bearing frame 13 is provided with two altogether and the top surface that is located foundatin plate 17 at the interval each other, and motor support 18 and two bearing frames 13 are located same straight line, and motor support 18 adopts Q235 steel to make for support motor 11.
Referring to fig. 8 and 9, the fixture 5 includes a base 51, a connecting member 52, a cross bar 53 and a chuck 54, the fixture 5 is mainly used for adjusting the distance between the probe 4 and the rotating metal member 16 in space, the base 51 is provided with a rod body for moving the connecting member 52 up and down, the rod body is in a shape of a long and thin cylinder, the base 51 is in a shape of a plate, the connecting member 52 freely slides on the base 51 through the rod body, the connecting member 52 adjusts the height through the rod body, the connecting member 52 can rotate 360 ° relative to the rod body, the connecting member 52 is fixed on the rod body of the base 51 through a bolt, the up and down movement and 360 ° rotation of the connecting member 52 are realized through loosening and screwing the bolt, the connecting member 52 is in a shape of a cylinder as a whole, the connecting member 52 is provided with a vertical first insertion hole for inserting the rod body, a horizontal second insertion hole for inserting one, the two sides of the connecting piece 52 are communicated through the second jack, the first jack is communicated with the outside through the fixing hole, the height of the connecting piece 52 and the rotating angle of the cross rod 53 are fixed through the fixing hole by a bolt, the connecting piece 52 is tightly clamped with the rod body after the bolt is screwed into the fixing hole and is tightly screwed, the cross rod 53 is tightly clamped with the connecting piece 52, scales are marked on the cross rod 53, quantitative expansion and contraction of the clamp 54 can be realized by adjusting the bolt and referring to the scales on the cross rod 53, the two ends of the cross rod 53 are respectively connected with the clamp 54 and the connecting piece 52, the clamp 54 can rotate relative to the cross rod 53, the cross rod 53 can rotate relative to the base 51, the clamp 54 is provided with a ring for clamping the probe 4, the outer side end of the ring is connected with one end of the cross rod 53, a cylindrical joint; the probe 4 is installed on the chuck 54, the distance between the probe 4 and the rotating metal component 16 is adjusted through the cross rod 53, the angle of the probe 4 facing the rotating metal component 16 is adjusted through the cross rod 53 and the chuck 54, the chuck 54 is provided with a threaded hole communicated with the inner side and the outer side of the ring, the probe 4 is clamped into the ring of the chuck 54, the probe 4 is clamped into the ring through a fixing hole by a bolt, the chuck 54 has 3 threaded holes in total, 3 bolts are screwed in through the threaded holes, the probe 4 is fixed by one end of the bolt, the fine adjustment of the distance of the probe 4 in the chuck 54 up, down, left and right is realized through the degree of tightness of the rotation adjustment of the 3 bolts, the fine adjustment of the rotation is realized through screwing out the joint of the chuck 54 or screwing in one end of the cross rod 53, and.
The power supply 3 adopts the direct current power supply 3 as an excitation signal, and the direct current stabilized power supply 3 provides the stable direct current power supply 3 for the excitation coil 41, so that the excitation coil 41 generates a constant magnetic field to carry out electromagnetic nondestructive detection on the metal component.
The speed regulator 2 adopts a direct current speed regulator 2 for regulating the rotating speed of a direct current motor, one end of the speed regulator 2 is connected with an alternating current power supply 3, 220V alternating current voltage is input, the other end of the speed regulator is connected with the motor to provide direct current, the direct current speed regulator 2 converts alternating current into two paths of output direct current power supplies 3, one circuit branch line is input to magnetism (a stator) of the direct current motor 11, the other circuit branch line is input to an armature (a rotor) of the direct current motor 11, the direct current speed regulator 2 regulates the rotating speed of the direct current motor by controlling the direct current voltage of the armature, meanwhile, the direct current motor feeds back current to the speed regulator 2, the speed regulator 2 judges the rotating speed condition of the direct current motor 11 according to the feedback current, and corrects the output of the armature.
The signal conditioning circuit 6 is used for conditioning the voltage signal and converting the voltage signal into a standard signal, and because the signal output by the magnetic sensor 42 is weak and affected by interference of external electromagnetism and the like, the output signal is mixed with a noise signal to interfere with defect identification of the detection device, the signal output by the magnetic sensor 42 needs to be filtered to remove a clutter signal, and the signal is amplified to a normal working range of the data acquisition card 7.
The data acquisition card 7 transmits the signals to the computer 8 after acquiring and storing the signals, the signals output from the signal conditioning circuit 6 are analog signals, the analog signals need to be converted into digital signals, namely, A/D conversion, and the data acquisition card 7 converts the analog signals output by the signal conditioning circuit 6 into digital signals.
The computer 8 collects and stores the obtained signals from the data acquisition card 7, and displays the signals after storage and provides the signals for workers to analyze and process so as to realize defect identification.
The embodiment of the invention is based on the principle of the motional eddy current, adopts the direct current power supply 3 as excitation, and utilizes the relative motion between the probe 4 and the rotating metal member 16 to generate the motional eddy current, thereby realizing the nondestructive detection of the defects in the rotating metal member 16, and having high detection speed and higher accuracy; the rotating platform 1 utilizes the speed regulator 2 to control the rotating speed of the rotating metal member 16, and the speed regulator 2 is used for realizing the real-time monitoring and adjustment of the actual rotating speed of the rotating metal member 16, so that the metal members with various shapes and different sizes can be driven to rotate at high speed, various metal members can be detected, and the adaptability is wide; the height and the position of the clamp 5 of the probe 4 can be freely adjusted, the functions of coarse adjustment and fine adjustment of the probe 4 are achieved, the probe 4 can be quickly aligned to various detected components, and the proper lifting distance and the detection position can be determined.
In conclusion, the electromagnetic nondestructive detection of the rotating metal component based on the motional eddy current is realized by taking direct current as an excitation source, the rotation of the metal component at a specific speed is more favorably realized through the control of the motor and the speed regulator, the display and adjustment of the actual rotating speed of the rotating metal component are realized through the speed regulator, the defect detection is realized through the motional eddy current generated by the relative motion between the probe and the rotating metal component, and the fixture capable of freely adjusting the height and the position of the probe is provided, so that the rough strip and the fine adjustment of the position of the probe during the detection are convenient; the defect detection method has the advantages that the defect detection of the high-speed rotating metal component is realized, the detection is simple and convenient, the high-speed rotating structure is realized, the problems of time consumption and low efficiency of detection in the defect detection method of the rotating metal component are solved, the market competitiveness of metal parts in the production process and in later-stage quality monitoring and other industrial applications is improved, and the huge economic benefit is brought.
This description describes examples of embodiments of the invention, and is not intended to illustrate and describe all possible forms of the invention. It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the embodiments described herein are intended to assist the reader in understanding the principles of the invention and are to be construed as being without limitation to such specifically recited embodiments and examples. Those skilled in the art can make various other specific changes and combinations based on the teachings of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these changes and combinations are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A rotating metal component electromagnetic nondestructive testing device based on motional eddy currents is characterized by comprising: the device comprises a rotating platform, a speed regulator, a probe, a clamp, a power supply, a signal conditioning circuit, a data acquisition card and a computer, wherein the rotating platform is fixedly provided with a rotating metal component, the speed regulator is used for being electrically connected with the rotating platform, the probe is provided with an excitation coil and a magnetic sensor, the clamp is used for fixing the probe, the power supply is electrically connected with the excitation coil, the signal conditioning circuit is electrically connected with the magnetic sensor, the data acquisition card is electrically connected with the signal conditioning circuit, the computer is electrically connected with the data acquisition card, the positions of the probe and the rotating metal component are adjusted; magnetism in the rotating metal member when the rotating metal member contains a defect thereinThe field is disturbed, a disturbed magnetic field signal is detected through a magnetic sensor, the magnetic sensor converts the detected magnetic field signal into a voltage signal and outputs the voltage signal to a signal conditioning circuit, the signal conditioning circuit filters and amplifies the voltage signal and transmits the signal to a data acquisition card, and the data acquisition card transmits data to a computer for analysis and processing; the data acquisition card is integrated into the computer and is integrated with the computer; when direct current is conducted into an exciting coil in the probe, the probe generates a constant magnetic field B ', and at the moment, if a rotating metal member exists below the probe, due to the relative motion between the probe and the metal member, according to the Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, an motional eddy current is generated on the surface of the test piece and is marked as J1、J2Known from Lenz's law, the kinetically-generated vortex J1、J2In the opposite direction, J1、J2The generated magnetic fields are respectively marked as B1And B2The direction of the magnetic field is the same as and opposite to that of the constant magnetic field B ', and if the detected metal component is a ferromagnetic material, the ferromagnetic component will be magnetized by the constant magnetic field B' to generate a magnetization field B3The direction of which is the same as the direction of the constant magnetic field B'.
2. The device for electromagnetic nondestructive testing of rotating metal component based on kinematical eddy current as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rotating platform comprises a motor, a rotating shaft and a rotating metal component, the motor drives the rotating metal component to rotate through the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft and the rotating metal component are fixed to each other.
3. The rotating metal component electromagnetic nondestructive testing device based on the eddy current generated by the movement as claimed in claim 2, wherein the rotating platform further comprises a coupler, a bearing and a bearing seat, the bearing is clamped into the bearing seat, one end of the rotating shaft passes through the rotating metal component and then is fixed on the bearing seat through the bearing, the other end of the rotating shaft passes through the bearing and is fixed on the bearing seat and then is connected with the coupler, and the motor shaft and the rotating shaft are connected at two ends of the coupler.
4. The rotating metal component electromagnetic nondestructive testing device based on the motional eddy current as claimed in claim 3, wherein the rotating platform further comprises a motor support and a base plate, the base plate is provided with a mounting hole for mounting the motor support and a bearing seat, the motor is fixed on the top surface of the base plate through the motor support, and the bearing seat is fixed on the base plate.
5. The device for electromagnetic nondestructive testing of a rotating metal member based on an eddy current generated by moving as set forth in claim 1, wherein the probe is fixed above the rotating metal member by a jig at a distance d, and the value of d is in the range of 0.5mm to 1 mm.
6. The device according to claim 1, wherein the excitation coil is in a ring shape and the magnetic sensor is disposed in the ring, and the magnetic sensor is a giant magnetoresistance sensor, a tunneling magnetic sensor or a hall sensor.
7. The electromagnetic nondestructive testing device for the rotating metal component based on the zookinetic eddy current as claimed in claim 1, wherein the clamp comprises a base, a connecting piece, a cross rod and a chuck, the base is provided with a rod body for the connecting piece to move up and down, the connecting piece is adjusted in height through the rod body, the connecting piece can rotate 360 degrees relative to the rod body, the chuck and the connecting piece are respectively connected to two ends of the cross rod, the chuck can rotate relative to the cross rod, and the cross rod can rotate relative to the base.
8. The electromagnetic nondestructive testing device for the rotating metal component based on the zookinetic eddy current as recited in claim 7, wherein the fixture further comprises a locking member, the connecting member is provided with a vertical first insertion hole for inserting the rod body, a horizontal second insertion hole for inserting one end of the cross rod, and a fixing hole for fixing the position, the fixing hole communicates the first insertion hole with the outside, and the locking member fixes the height of the connecting member and the rotation angle of the cross rod through the fixing hole.
9. The device of claim 8, wherein the probe is mounted to a chuck, the probe is adjustable in distance from the rotating metal member by a cross-bar, and the probe is adjustable in angle towards the rotating metal member by the cross-bar and the chuck.
10. The apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the collet has a ring for holding the probe, an outer end of the ring is connected to one end of the cross bar, the collet is provided with a fixing hole communicating the inner side and the outer side of the ring, and the locking member holds the probe in the ring through the fixing hole.
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| CN201910374087.1A CN110108787B (en) | 2019-05-07 | 2019-05-07 | Rotatory metal component electromagnetism nondestructive test device based on motional vortex |
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| RU199572U1 (en) * | 2020-02-20 | 2020-09-08 | Максим Владимирович Ковалев | Device for non-destructive testing of objects in the form of bodies of revolution |
| CN111597717B (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2023-04-07 | 电子科技大学 | Frequency-selecting band eddy current nondestructive testing analytical calculation method containing local thinning defect |
| CN113670483A (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2021-11-19 | 南昌航空大学 | Method and device for measuring dynamic Barkhausen noise stress |
| CN114166933A (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-03-11 | 电子科技大学 | Probe clamping device for inhibiting vibration response |
| CN116124835A (en) * | 2022-09-07 | 2023-05-16 | 武汉理工大学 | Nondestructive testing device and evaluation method for damage defect state of component |
| CN117092208B (en) * | 2023-10-19 | 2024-01-05 | 天津市滨海新区检验检测中心 | Eddy current nondestructive testing system and method for crack detection |
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| JP2008032674A (en) * | 2006-05-26 | 2008-02-14 | Nsk Ltd | Quality inspection method of rolling device component, and quality inspection device for the rolling device component |
| CN205353003U (en) * | 2015-11-05 | 2016-06-29 | 沈阳建筑大学 | Diamond circular saw piece welding seam eddy current inspection device |
| CN105510433B (en) * | 2016-02-05 | 2018-12-25 | 四川大学 | A kind of metal tube electromagnetic nondestructive device based on dynamic raw eddy current |
| CN105973938B (en) * | 2016-07-01 | 2018-12-11 | 四川大学 | Impulse eddy current thermal imaging high-speed detection device for rail nondestructive inspection |
| CN107144627A (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2017-09-08 | 电子科技大学 | Conductive solids Non-Destructive Testing circuit and the continuous stress quantitative evaluating method based on it |
| CN109084882B (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2023-09-26 | 华南理工大学 | Rotary disc vibration detection control device and method |
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