CN108010976A - 一种阻燃多晶硅太阳能电池板 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提出一种阻燃多晶硅太阳能电池板,其特征在于,由上至下依次包括:防火玻璃层、减反膜、PVB粘结层、多晶硅太阳能电池片、PVB粘结层、背板、接线盒、框体;所述防火玻璃层采用铯钾防火玻璃;所述减反膜为三层减反膜;所述背板采用TPT太阳能背板;接线盒的内部设有光敏二极管;所述框体采用铝合金框体,其外贴敷一层防火金属布。本发明电池板通过对太阳能的电池片的封装来提高整个太阳能电池板的阻燃性能,进一步提高太阳能应用的安全性。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于太阳能电池板领域,具体涉及一种阻燃多晶硅太阳能电池板。
背景技术
随着全球能源日趋紧张,人们开始大力开发对太阳能的利用,太阳能电池板是该领域中技术最为成熟、使用范围最广的将太阳能转化为电能的装置。太阳能电池板(Solarpanel)是由一个或多个太阳能电池片组成成为太阳能电池板。太阳能电池是具有把光转换成电特性的一种半导体器件,它可以把照射在其表面的太阳能辐射能转换成直流电。
太阳能电池板分为晶体硅太阳能电池、薄膜太阳能电池、有机太阳能电池等,其中晶体硅太阳能电池包括单晶硅太阳能电池和多晶硅电池。单晶硅太阳能电池的光电转换效率比多晶硅太阳能电池高,但是多晶硅太阳能电池的制作成本比单晶硅太阳能电池要便宜一些,材料制造简便,节约电耗,总的生产成本较低,因此得到大量发展,并且随着多晶硅的研究不断发展,其光电转发效率也在不断提高,实验室中制备的多晶硅太阳能电池的光电转换效率可达19%。
目前,许多绿色建筑将太阳能电池应用到建筑结构中,他们大多安装在建筑楼面、阳台、建筑外墙上,由太阳能电池转化的电能可以作为普通电能的补充。然而由于太阳能电池多为玻璃封装,一旦发生火灾险情,太阳能电池上的玻璃会炸裂,威胁人们的人身安全。因此提高太阳能电池的防火阻燃性能,有利于太阳能电池在建筑上的推广应用。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术存在问题,本发明提出一种阻燃多晶硅太阳能电池板,该电池板通过对太阳能的电池片的封装来提高整个太阳能电池板的阻燃性能,进一步提高太阳能应用的安全性。实现上述目的的具体技术方案如下:
一种阻燃多晶硅太阳能电池板,由上至下依次包括:防火玻璃层、减反膜、PVB粘结层、多晶硅太阳能电池片、PVB粘结层、背板、接线盒、框体。
所述防火玻璃层为铯钾防火玻璃,铯钾防火玻璃具有良好的透光性能和防火阻燃性能。当被或燃烧时,铯钾防火玻璃的化学钢化层能够阻止火焰蔓延和热传递,铯钾防火玻璃在1200℃以上的高温下仍具有良好的防火阻燃性。此外铯钾防火玻璃还具有较高的强度和良好的耐候性,能够提高多晶硅太阳能电池板的使用寿命,是太阳能电池板适用于建筑外墙上。
优选地,所述铯钾防火玻璃为双层铯钾防火玻璃。
所述减反膜为三层减反膜。减反膜又称增透膜,其主要作用是减少防火玻璃层的反射光,增加防火玻璃层的透光量。
所述PVB粘结层用于将电池片与减反膜、防火玻璃层粘结在一起。PVB膜是一种非交联的热塑性塑料,与EVA膜相比PVB膜具有更高的穿透性和更好的后断裂性能,并且PVB膜抗老化性能更强,能够有效提高太阳能电池板的使用寿命。
所述背板采用TPT太阳能背板。太阳能背板对电池片起保护和支撑作用,具有可靠的绝缘性、阻水性、 耐老化性。
接线盒能够保护整个发电系统,起到电流中转站的作用。接线盒的内部包括二极管,如果组件短路,接线盒自动断开短路电池串,防止烧坏整个系统。本发明中所述接线盒采用光敏二极管。光敏二极管的工作原理是:无光照时,有很小的饱和反向漏电流,即暗电流,此时光敏二极管截止。当受到光照时,饱和反向漏电流大大增加,形成光电流,它随入射光强度的变化而变化。当光线照射太阳能电池片的PN结时,可以使PN结中产生电子一空穴对,使少数载流子的密度增加。
所述框体采用铝合金框体,其外贴敷一层防火金属布,铝合金框体和防火金属布通过金属防火胶粘接,框体的边缘部分采用硅胶密封。框体能够保护层压件,起到密封、支撑的作用。
本发明的有益效果是:
1、本发明采用具有良好阻燃性能和透光性能的铯钾防火玻璃封装太阳能电池片,提高了太阳能电池板的防火阻燃性能和使用寿命;
2、本发明采用三层反减膜有利于增强防火玻璃层的透光性能,提高太阳能电池的吸光量;
3、本发明在接线盒内采用光敏二极管,能够保护整个发电系统,防止系统烧坏;
4、本发明采用贴敷一层防火金属布的铝合金框体,使整个太阳能电池板结构具有良好的防火阻燃性能,延长了太阳能电池板的使用寿命。
5、本发明通过对太阳能的电池片的封装来提高整个太阳能电池板的阻燃性能,进一步提高太阳能应用的安全性,有利于太阳能电池在建筑上的推广应用。
附图说明
图1为一种阻燃多晶硅太阳能电池板的层结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了便于本领域内技术人员理解,下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作详细说明。本发明中所述“上”为太阳能电池板接受太阳照射面的方向,所述的“下”为“上”的相反面。
如图1所示,一种阻燃多晶硅太阳能电池板,由上至下依次包括:防火玻璃层1、减反膜2、PVB粘结层3、多晶硅太阳能电池片4、PVB粘结层5、背板6、接线盒7、框体8。
所述防火玻璃为双层铯钾防火玻璃,铯钾防火玻璃具有良好的透光性能、防火阻燃性能和较高的强度、良好的耐候性,能够提高多晶硅太阳能电池板的使用寿命,是太阳能电池板适用于建筑外墙上。
所述减反膜为三层减反膜。减反膜又称增透膜,其主要作用是减少防火玻璃层的反射光,增加防火玻璃层的透光量。
所述PVB粘结层用于将电池片与减反膜、防火玻璃层粘结在一起。
所述背板采用TPT太阳能背板。太阳能背板对电池片起保护和支撑作用,具有可靠的绝缘性、阻水性、 耐老化性。
所述接线盒设置在框体内,包含光敏二极管。无光照时,有很小的饱和反向漏电流,即暗电流,此时光敏二极管截止。当受到光照时,饱和反向漏电流大大增加,形成光电流,它随入射光强度的变化而变化。当光线照射太阳能电池片的PN结时,可以使PN结中产生电子一空穴对,使少数载流子的密度增加。
所述框体采用铝合金框体,其外贴敷一层防火金属布,铝合金框体和防火金属布通过金属防火胶粘接,框体的边缘部分采用硅胶密封。框体能够保护层压件,起到密封、支撑的作用。
Claims (4)
1.一种阻燃多晶硅太阳能电池板,其特征在于,由上至下依次包括:防火玻璃层、减反膜、PVB粘结层、多晶硅太阳能电池片、PVB粘结层、背板、接线盒、框体;所述防火玻璃层采用铯钾防火玻璃;所述减反膜为三层减反膜;所述背板采用TPT太阳能背板;接线盒的内部设有光敏二极管;所述框体采用铝合金框体,其外贴敷一层防火金属布。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种阻燃多晶硅太阳能电池板,其特征在于,所述铯钾防火玻璃为双层铯钾防火玻璃。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种阻燃多晶硅太阳能电池板,其特征在于,所述铝合金框体和防火金属布通过金属防火胶粘接。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种阻燃多晶硅太阳能电池板,其特征在于,所述铝合金框体的边缘部分采用硅胶密封。
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CN203267362U (zh) * | 2013-04-22 | 2013-11-06 | 安徽省凤阳县前力玻璃制品有限公司 | 一种新型火焰遮挡布 |
CN105609577A (zh) * | 2016-03-09 | 2016-05-25 | 中利腾晖光伏科技有限公司 | 一种太阳能光伏电池组件 |
CN205792383U (zh) * | 2016-05-09 | 2016-12-07 | 车万钧 | 太阳能光伏发电板 |
CN105925101A (zh) * | 2016-07-12 | 2016-09-07 | 梁方英 | 一种太阳能光伏电池板组件铝合金边框保护涂层 |
CN206349968U (zh) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-07-21 | 常州好时新能源有限公司 | 一种多晶硅太阳能电池组件 |
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