CN108009830A - Products in circulation tracking and system based on block chain - Google Patents
Products in circulation tracking and system based on block chain Download PDFInfo
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- CN108009830A CN108009830A CN201711337190.6A CN201711337190A CN108009830A CN 108009830 A CN108009830 A CN 108009830A CN 201711337190 A CN201711337190 A CN 201711337190A CN 108009830 A CN108009830 A CN 108009830A
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- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q30/00—Commerce
- G06Q30/018—Certifying business or products
- G06Q30/0185—Product, service or business identity fraud
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- G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
- G06F21/60—Protecting data
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
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- H04L63/0428—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks wherein the data content is protected, e.g. by encrypting or encapsulating the payload
- H04L63/0478—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks wherein the data content is protected, e.g. by encrypting or encapsulating the payload applying multiple layers of encryption, e.g. nested tunnels or encrypting the content with a first key and then with at least a second key
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/08—Key distribution or management, e.g. generation, sharing or updating, of cryptographic keys or passwords
- H04L9/0894—Escrow, recovery or storing of secret information, e.g. secret key escrow or cryptographic key storage
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of products in circulation tracking based on block chain, including：Gather data message caused by products in circulation operation link and graded encryption packing generation block；Whether the information that the block is verified by the manager node proof of work Jing Guo certification is true；The block passed through that verifies is stored to block chain, while by key storage in product packaging；By counterpart keys information in product packaging, search and decrypt the data message of product on block chain in different intermediate links, so as to fulfill the purpose to all intermediate links into line trace and retrospect.Present invention also offers corresponding system.The products in circulation tracking based on block chain provided in the embodiment of the present invention can entirely produce product circulation implementing monitoring with system, whichever link, which goes wrong, to trace to its source, and product information is divided into three different levels by the network system, supervision is realized in classification, ensure information security, data input also has stringent checking process at the same time, multiple management nodes cooperate but single management node again will not produce whole system big influence, therefore distributed network tracking system practicality in terms of to product monitoring is very strong, it is suitable for large-scale promotion.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to networking products information trace field, more particularly to a kind of products in circulation based on block chain with
Track method and system.
Background technology
Credit that block chain provides a kind of decentralization, being accumulated without trust establishes normal form.Block chain technological essence
Be decentralization and reside in distributed frame data storage, transmission and prove method, with data block instead of at present mutually
The dependence networked to central server so that all data changes or trading item are all recorded on a cloud system, are managed
By above realize in data transfer to data self prove, it is far-reaching for, this surmounted tradition and conventional meaning on need according to
Rely the Information Authentication normal form at center, reduce the cost of establishing of global " credit ", this point-to-point verification will produce a kind of " base
Plinth agreement ", is a kind of new model of distributed artificial intelligence, by the new interfaces for establishing human brain intelligence and machine intelligence and is shared
Interface.
Product passes through a very long product chain by consumer need to the end from production, in this process if there is asking
Topic, has no idea to learn which link is particular problem occur from earth, has no idea to trace to its source, although at present also
Through there are some product back-tracing methods, but the safety and reliability problem of information is not well solved also.
The content of the invention
The primary and foremost purpose of the present invention is intended at least solve one of above-mentioned technological deficiency, and particularly products in circulation information can
The problem of definite can not be tracked by property, and a kind of products in circulation tracking and system based on block chain are provided.
Based on above-mentioned purpose, on the one hand, an embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of products in circulation track side based on block chain
Method, including：
Gather data message caused by products in circulation operation link and graded encryption packing generation block；
Whether the information that the block is verified by the manager node proof of work Jing Guo certification is true；
The block passed through that verifies is stored to block chain, while by key storage in product packaging；
By counterpart keys information in product packaging, search and decrypt on block chain product in the data of different intermediate links
Information, so as to fulfill the purpose to all intermediate links into line trace and retrospect.
On the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of products in circulation tracking system based on block chain, including：
Acquisition module, for gathering data message caused by products in circulation operation link and graded encryption packing generation area
Block；
Correction verification module, for verified by manager node proof of work Jing Guo certification the block information whether
Truly；
Memory module, for storing the block passed through that verifies to block chain, while by key storage in product packaging
It is interior；
Tracking module, for by counterpart keys information in product packaging, searching and decrypting on block chain product in difference
The data message of intermediate links, so as to fulfill the purpose to all intermediate links into line trace and retrospect.
What is built in the embodiment of the present invention can be whole to product based on the products in circulation tracking of block chain and system
Production circulation implementing monitoring, whichever link, which goes wrong, to trace to its source, the disclosed block chain note that can not be distorted
Record can prevent data from forging, transparent shared process, connection commodity ownership and transfer relationship, the trust of multicentric network,
Be conducive to supervise, and product information is divided into three different levels by the network system, and supervision is realized in classification, ensures information peace
Entirely, while data input also has stringent checking process, and multiple management nodes cooperate but single management node again will not be right
Whole system produces big influence, therefore distributed network tracking system practicality in terms of to product monitoring is very strong, is adapted to
It is a wide range of to promote.
The additional aspect of the present invention and advantage will be set forth in part in the description, these will become from the following description
Obtain substantially, or recognized by the practice of the present invention.
Brief description of the drawings
Of the invention above-mentioned and/or additional aspect and advantage will become from the following description of the accompanying drawings of embodiments
Substantially and it is readily appreciated that, wherein：
Fig. 1 is the products in circulation tracking flow diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention based on block chain；
Fig. 2 is the flow diagram of authentication procedures that node provided in an embodiment of the present invention adds the block chain network；
Fig. 3 is to scheme for the products in circulation tracking system modular structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention based on block chain.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described below in detail, the example of the embodiment is shown in the drawings, wherein from beginning to end
Same or similar label represents same or similar element or has the function of same or like element.Below with reference to attached
The embodiment of figure description is exemplary, and is only used for explaining the present invention, and is not construed as limiting the claims.
Those skilled in the art of the present technique are appreciated that unless expressly stated, singulative " one " used herein, " one
It is a ", " described " and "the" may also comprise plural form.It is to be further understood that what is used in the specification of the present invention arranges
Diction " comprising " refer to there are the feature, integer, step, operation, element and/or component, but it is not excluded that in the presence of or addition
One or more other features, integer, step, operation, element, component and/or their groups.It should be understood that when we claim member
Part is " connected " or during " coupled " to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to other elements, or there may also be
Intermediary element.In addition, " connection " used herein or " coupling " can include wireless connection or wireless coupling.It is used herein to arrange
Taking leave "and/or" includes whole or any cell and all combinations of one or more associated list items.
Those skilled in the art of the present technique are appreciated that unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technology art
Language and scientific terminology), there is the meaning identical with the general understanding of the those of ordinary skill in fields of the present invention.Should also
Understand, those terms such as defined in the general dictionary, it should be understood that have with the context of the prior art
The consistent meaning of meaning, and unless by specific definitions as here, idealization or the implication of overly formal otherwise will not be used
To explain.
Please refer to Fig.1, Fig. 1 is a kind of products in circulation tracking based on block chain provided in an embodiment of the present invention.Bag
Include following steps：
S101：Gather data message caused by products in circulation operation link and graded encryption packing generation block.
The block chain network of the present invention, be in order to record the process of same product in all key links
Different types of RFID reader is all disposed in these circulation key operation links, passes through the RFID reader authorized through administrator
Collection is scanned to the electronic tag of product, and different types of data message corresponds to different types of RFID reader.
Respectively by different manager nodes come the data of this node of verification management.The electronic tag of the product is implantation product packaging,
And as packaging and multiple links of products in circulation accompany, for the data of products in circulation links, needed after collection to its into
Row standardization, ontology information and circulation information to product use unified data format, and the data message is including being
One or more in system, packaging, product, logistics, storage, six big types of consumption.When the data for collecting any one type
After information, in addition to being required to data memory format, graded encryption can be also carried out to information, packaged data information includes three
Information Level, is respectively：The basic information layer that any user can check, some of this layer of information including product ontology are believed substantially
Breath, by checking that this layer of information can have a basic understanding to product and the process of circulation；Obtain the use of such authorizing information
The certification user information layer that family could access, user want to check this layer of information, then must register in advance and certification personal information,
Just check authority by rear, this layer of information is related to the product information of running background, and user check after can preserve and browse trace
Mark；The encryption information layer that the user for obtaining such authorizing information and having private key could access, this layer of information include some secrets
Data, a small number of super-ordinate right persons could be opened by key-parsing.Can by the data packing generation block of three Information Levels
To be added in block chain network, checked for the crowd of all corresponding authorities.Ordinary user couple is both can guarantee that by information layered
Product is true and false false proof and track demand, in turn ensure that trade secret and data safety.
S102：Whether the information that the block is verified by the manager node proof of work Jing Guo certification is true.
After the product information packing generation block collected, it is also necessary to verify the authenticity of its data, the present invention will tracking
Data message is divided into system, packaging, product, logistics, storage, six big types of consumption, and different type pipe is corresponded to respectively per category information
Node is managed, empowerment management is carried out by corresponding administrator.Same type of management node can be there are multiple, and each node
A verification process can all be had by adding the network, when at least other 5 class nodes (per at least one node of class) certification by,
And received certification is more than authentification failure number by number, which can add meshed network.It is that node adds with reference to figure 2
The flow diagram of authentication procedures of the network.The node server to be added, will download the program of a node.S200 initiates network and connects
Enter flow, initiate registration before this, submit registration related data, after the completion of registration, initiate network insertion request.S201 is system section
Point carries out accessing user and password authentification after receiving node and adding request, and verification registering IP address is with initiating request IP
It is no consistent.S202 system management servers enter S204 to access requests verification by rear, otherwise into S203, add network and lose
Lose flow.All nodes that S204 will be distributed on network after the access request that received.The node that S205 receives request can be with
This request is verified, requests verification data is sent to requested person, after data is received, makes requests on Information Authentication, and
Transmit verification result to requestor.If S206 requestors, which receive the node species quantity being verified, is more than 5, and verifies
Authentication failed quantity is more than by number, into S208；Otherwise enter S207, add request authentification failure.The S208 nodes add
Network success, the node just become the manager node of such request, which just possesses the mandate ability of corresponding types, become
One is managed independently node.
After block chain network management end receives the access request of block addition block chain of packing, in block chain network
Search validation management node, corresponding management node is sent to by access request.Whether management node verification access request can permit
Perhaps block chain network is added, checking information includes RFID, packaging ID, product IDs, reader ID, GPS, clock, product information, treats
Add data check etc..The preliminary authentication of access request first, verification RFID, product IDs, GPS, clock, data type format are
No legal, legal access request just allows to occur to verify into network, and the management node of checking request is received on Network Search,
It is the different types of management node of at least six to search for management node principle, and is to have had verification relation with the product
Management node, takes if without associated type management node with asking nearest management node, and the request to access afterwards is believed
Breath is verified that different type management node has different verification algorithms, for system, packaging, product, logistics, storage, consumption
Management node, use different verification methods respectively, emphasis verifies the different information contents.Finally by verification result and verification process
Record is sent to request management node.When the operation of all Information Authentications is all completed, receive verification result on network and
Synthesis result makes the conclusive judgement of access request, if all verification results just allow to access by conclusive judgement, does not otherwise permit
Perhaps access.Judge access request whether by, and will be authenticated if the block chain that request data block is added to network if
Cheng Jilu is also added to data block afterbody.
S103：The block passed through that verifies is stored to block chain, while by key storage in product packaging.
Block chain is an alliance's block chain being made of the corresponding management node of different types of information, a distributed network
The cloud storage system of network.The data of all management nodes are serially connected on the block chain of an industry alliance so that net is arrived in storage
Data transparency on network can not simultaneously be distorted.Data model storage is the data structure of block chain, includes data block header and number
According to block message part.The head of data block is set to include the information of a upper data block, as the head of block chain.In addition for
The data format of data block portions.First layer content is basic Information Level, and any user can check, second layer content is special
Different Information Level, can be parsed according to peculiar algorithm by public keys, be a kind of symmetric cryptography.It is not special in itself to key
Requirement, as long as communicating pair has an identical key, block chain network end leads to the data that oneself needs to send
The information that key is encrypted to confusion is crossed, reciever RFID reader is reduced into the information received using identical key original
Bulk information can be encrypted within the extremely short time decryption in data, this method.The advantages of this method is using same
One key saves the time needed for encrypting and decrypting, but can not ensure the security of key.Third layer is confidential information layer,
May relate to trade secret, be asymmetric encryption, in rivest, shamir, adelman, encrypt the key used and decryption use it is close
Key is different.Needed by the third layer content of public key encryption stored in the RFID electronic label of product packaging it is peculiar
Private key information could correctly decrypt.Private key can only be by side's safekeeping, it is impossible to leaks, and public key can then issue any ask
Ask its people.Asymmetric encryption is encrypted one in key using this, and decrypting then needs another key.Due to not
Need to send private key by network, therefore security greatly improves.
S104：By counterpart keys information in product packaging, search and decrypt on block chain product in different intermediate links
Data message, so as to fulfill the purpose to all intermediate links into line trace and retrospect.
The product information on block chain is decrypted in the key being stored in product packaging RFID electronic label, and tracking chases after
The initialization that the link traced back includes electronic tag tracks, and the system information of initialization is divided into RFID numberings, and cipher mode, stores lattice
Formula, system network architecture, network operation and operation etc., the system read-write device of RFID is authorized to RFID electronics marks by system manager
Label are written and read operation.Packaging and product information collection and tracking, packaging grown place have one and have authorized packaging RFID read-write
Device, for packaged data gather, packaged data be one containing packaging sequence number, name information, company-information, director's information, when
Clock signature, GPS signatures, the data block of RFID reader information, these data are sent to area by packing the RFID reader at end
Block chain network, after by block chain network node verification, can be stored on the block chain of network.Meanwhile by SHA256 plus
Close algorithm, generates a packaging ID Quick Response Code, which is the unique identifier of packaging, make use of SHA256 encryption technologies,
It is unique to carry out SHA256 to original packaged data block to encrypt to obtain packaging ID, as long as any one initial data is changed
Identification code to SHA256 is all different, can not possibly be cracked from SHA256 from the point of view of current calculating speed, while ensure data not
Can tamper.Packaging ID is attached to surface of package in the form of Quick Response Code, while can also write in the RFID electronic label in packaging,
When packing true and false tracking, scanning surface of package Quick Response Code identifies that packaging ID issues the block chain network, if verifying the packaging
ID exists.Meanwhile the local of the packaging can be found according to packaging ID and check and accept node server, preserve packaging on the server
The more details of video data of production, only authorized user can just check these data.In the same fashion, implement to product
Data acquisition report with tracking process, packaging ID is contained in product data, product data are encrypted by SHA256 and produced
Product ID so that product IDs are corresponded with packaging ID, also so that packaging is non-exchange with product.Packaging and product stream data are adopted
Collection and tracking, in the same fashion, occur to give block chain by being distributed in logistics links logistics RFID reader by logistics information
Network, comprising production logistics ID and packaging ID, product IDs, last stream I D in logistics information, and logistics information passes through
SHA256 encryption generation one new stream I D, new stream I D and packaging ID, product IDs, last stream I D are to correspond,
Ensure that products in circulation process data can not be changed, stream I D is in storage RFID electronic label, easy to inquire about tracking.Logistics information
Further include the packaging logistics bill of lading, delivery receipt, logistics track, driver, the bill of lading of product stream, delivery receipt, receipt etc..Bag
The collection of the storage data of dress and product and tracking, product enter electronic warehouse, and having a product information RFID in garage entrance reads
Write device and collection storage data are reported to block chain network, in network verification by the way that on rear memory block chain, gathered data includes
ID is packed, product IDs, last stream I D, storage information, GPS signatures and clock signature, entry data is encrypted by SHA256
Generation storage ID, storage ID and packaging ID, product IDs, stream I D are corresponded, which is written in RFID electronic label, leads to
Cross RFID reader and read ID with regard to all data stored on block chain can be traced into.The same manner completes product warehouse-out data
Buying and tracking.
Tracking by data to product, using the RFID of the product as index find the product in alliance's block chain
This all RFID data block, here it is the product from producing, circulating, consuming all link informations, to check each piece
Data whether all authenticated completion.If the second layer data of the data block of some part to be accessed, it is necessary to be that certification is used
Family, by the CA of oneself, could decrypt the data, and simultaneity factor can record the access log that the user accesses the data, so as to
Follow-up tracking.If to the third layer data access of some part data block, to obtain recognizing for the authorized administrator of the data
Card passes through, and certification can send disposable private key after, these data could be parsed by the private key.If it is required that check true
Product, by last block number evidence of the product data chain, request of examining goods, RFID reader are sent to the data RFID reader
After receiving the request, it can send short messages and give RFID reader administrator, administrator will parse this according to third layer data message
Product space, goes to scan the product.Reader is moved at the product, scans the product, by the data sending of scanning to request
Node, reads after parsing third layer data by CA after the data, completely correct after the third layer data check on network,
Then illustrate the data necessary being, while each reader can report GPS information and clock information when scanning product, this
A little information can be verified with the GPS information in third layer data, it is ensured that position can not play tricks.After various examinations, explanation
The product is necessary being, and is unique existing.
What is built in the embodiment of the present invention can be whole to product based on the products in circulation tracking of block chain and system
Production circulation implementing monitoring, whichever link, which goes wrong, to trace to its source, the disclosed block chain note that can not be distorted
Record can prevent data from forging, transparent shared process, connection commodity ownership and transfer relationship, the trust of multicentric network,
Be conducive to supervise, and product information is divided into three different levels by the network system, and supervision is realized in classification, ensures information peace
Entirely, while data input also has stringent checking process, and multiple management nodes cooperate but single management node again will not be right
Whole system produces big influence, therefore distributed network tracking system practicality in terms of to product monitoring is very strong, is adapted to
It is a wide range of to promote.
Please refer to Fig.3, Fig. 3 is a kind of products in circulation tracking system based on block chain provided in an embodiment of the present invention.Bag
Include with lower module：
Acquisition module 100, for gathering data message caused by products in circulation operation link and graded encryption packing life
Into block.
The block chain network of the present invention, be in order to record the process of same product in all key links
Different types of RFID reader is all disposed in these circulation key operation links, passes through the RFID reader authorized through administrator
Collection is scanned to the electronic tag of product, and different types of data message corresponds to different types of RFID reader.
Respectively by different manager nodes come the data of this node of verification management.The electronic tag of the product is implantation product packaging,
And as packaging and multiple links of products in circulation accompany, for the data of products in circulation links, acquisition module 100 gathers
After need to be standardized it, the ontology information and circulation information to product use unified data format, the data
Information includes the one or more in system, packaging, product, logistics, storage, six big types of consumption.When acquisition module 100 gathers
To after any a type of data message, in addition to being required to data memory format, can also graded encryption be carried out to information,
Packaged data information includes three Information Levels, is respectively：The basic information layer that any user can check, this layer of information include
Some essential informations of product ontology, by checking that this layer of information can have a basic understanding to product and the process of circulation；
The certification user information layer that the user of such authorizing information could access is obtained, user wants to check this layer of information, then must carry
Preceding registration and certification personal information, just check authority, this layer of information is related to the product information of running background, Er Qieyong by rear
Family can preserve after checking and browse trace；The encryption information layer that the user for obtaining such authorizing information and having private key could access,
This layer of information includes some confidential datas, and a small number of super-ordinate right persons could be opened by key-parsing.By three Information Levels
Data packing generation block can be added in block chain network, checked for the crowd of all corresponding authorities.Pass through information point
Layer both can guarantee that ordinary user was true and false to product false proof and track demand, in turn ensure that trade secret and data safety.
Correction verification module 200, for verifying the information of the block by the manager node proof of work Jing Guo certification
It is whether true.
After the product information packing generation block that acquisition module 100 collects, it is also necessary to which correction verification module 200 verifies its data
Authenticity, the present invention by tracking data information be divided into system, packaging, product, logistics, storage, consumption six big types, per class believe
Breath corresponds to different type management node respectively, and empowerment management is carried out by corresponding administrator.Same type of management node meeting
There are multiple, and each node adds the network and can have a verification process, when at least other 5 class nodes (per class extremely
A few node) certification by the way that and received certification is more than authentification failure number by number, which can add node net
Network.It is the flow diagram of authentication procedures that node adds the network with reference to figure 2.The node server to be added, will download a node
Program.S200 initiates network insertion flow, initiates registration before this, submits registration related data, after the completion of registration, initiate network
Access request.S201 is system node after receiving node and adding request, carries out accessing user and password authentification, verification registration
Whether IP address is consistent with initiating request IP.S202 system management servers enter S204 to access requests verification by rear, no
Then enter S203, add network failure flow.All nodes that S204 will be distributed on network after the access request that received.
The node that S205 receives request can verify this request, send requests verification data to requested person, receiving data
Afterwards, Information Authentication is made requests on, and transmits verification result to requestor.If S206 requestors receive the node being verified
Number of species is more than 5, and is verified number and is more than authentication failed quantity, into S208；Otherwise enter S207, add request and recognize
Card failure.The S208 nodes add network success, which just becomes manager node of such request, which just possesses pair
The mandate ability of type is answered, becomes one and manages node independently.
After receiving unit 201 receives the access request of block addition block chain of packing, searched in block chain network
Verification management node, corresponding management node is sent to by access request.Authentication unit 202 verifies whether access request can allow
Add block chain network, checking information includes RFID, packaging ID, product IDs, reader ID, GPS, clock, product information, to be added
Enter data check etc..The preliminary authentication of preliminary authentication subelement 201a access requests, verification RFID, product IDs, GPS, clock, number
Whether legal according to type format, legal access request just allows to occur to verify into network, verifies node searching subelement
The management node of checking request is received on 201b Network Search, search management node principle is the different types of management of at least six
Node, and be had with the product verification relation management node, taken if without associated type management node with
Nearest management node is asked, verifies that subelement 202a verifies the solicited message of access afterwards, different type management section
Point there are different verification algorithms, for system, packaging, product, logistics, storage, consume management node, tested respectively using difference
Card method, emphasis verify the different information contents.Subelement 202b is finally fed back to be sent to verification result and verification process record
Ask management node.When the operation of all Information Authentications is all completed, judgement subelement 203a receives the verification result on network
And synthesis result makes the conclusive judgement of access request, if all verification results just allow to access by conclusive judgement, otherwise
Do not allow to access.Judge access request whether by the way that request data block is added network if adding subelement 203b if
Block chain, and by verification process record be also added to data block afterbody.
Memory module 300, for storing the block passed through that verifies to block chain, while by key storage in product bag
In dress.
Block chain is an alliance's block chain being made of the corresponding management node of different types of information, a distributed network
The cloud storage system of network.The data of all management nodes are serially connected on the block chain of an industry alliance so that memory module
300 storages can not simultaneously be distorted to the data transparency on network.Data model storage is the data structure of block chain, includes data block
Head and data block information part.The head of data block is set to include the information of a upper data block, the head one with block chain
Sample.In addition for the data format of data block portions.First layer content is basic Information Level, and any user can check, the
Two layers of content are specific information layers, can be parsed according to peculiar algorithm by public keys, be a kind of symmetric cryptographies.It is to key
Itself is without special requirement, as long as communicating pair has an identical key, block chain network end needs oneself
The data of transmission are encrypted to the information of confusion by key, and reciever RFID reader is using identical key the letter received
Breath is reduced into initial data, and bulk information can be encrypted within the extremely short time decryption in this method.This method
Advantage is to save time needed for encrypting and decrypting using same key, but can not ensure the security of key.Third layer
It is confidential information layer, may relate to trade secret, be asymmetric encryption, in rivest, shamir, adelman, encrypts the key used
The key used with decryption is different.The RFID electronics marks of product packaging are needed by the third layer content of public key encryption
The distinctive private key information of storage could be decrypted correctly in label.Private key can only be by side's safekeeping, it is impossible to leaks, and public key is then
Any its people of request can be issued.Asymmetric encryption is encrypted one in key using this, and decrypting then needs separately
One key.Due to need not send private key by network, security greatly improves.
Tracking module 400, for by counterpart keys information in product packaging, searching and decrypting on block chain product not
With the data message of intermediate links, so as to fulfill the purpose to all intermediate links into line trace and retrospect.
The product information on block chain is decrypted in the key being stored in product packaging RFID electronic label, tracks mould
The link of the tracking retrospect of block 400 includes the initialization tracking module 401 of electronic tag, and the system information of initialization is divided into RFID volumes
Number, cipher mode, storage format, system network architecture, network operation and operation etc., the system that RFID is authorized by system manager
Reader is written and read RFID electronic label operation.Packaging and production tracking module 402, packaging grown place have one
Packaging RFID reader has been authorized, has been gathered for packaged data, packaged data is a sequence number containing packaging, name information, producer
Information, director's information, clock signature, GPS signatures, the data block of RFID reader information, these data are by packing end
RFID reader is sent to block chain network, after by block chain network node verification, can be stored on the block chain of network.
Meanwhile by SHA256 Encryption Algorithm, a packaging ID Quick Response Code is generated, which is the unique identifier of packaging, is utilized
SHA256 encryption technologies, it is unique that SHA256 is carried out to original packaged data block to encrypt to obtain packaging ID, as long as any
The identification code that one initial data is changed to obtain SHA256 is all different, can not possibly be broken from SHA256 from the point of view of current calculating speed
Solution, while ensure that data can not tamper.Packaging ID is attached to surface of package in the form of Quick Response Code, while can also write in packaging
In RFID electronic label, when packing true and false tracking, scanning surface of package Quick Response Code identifies that packaging ID issues the block link network
Network, if verifying that packaging ID exists.Meanwhile the local of the packaging can be found according to packaging ID and check and accept node server, should
The more details of video data of packaging production are preserved on server, only authorized user can just check these data.With
The same manner, implement to report product data collection with tracking process, packaging ID is contained in product data, product data lead to
Cross SHA256 to encrypt to obtain product IDs so that product IDs are corresponded with packaging ID, also so that packaging is non-exchange with product.Bag
Dress and product stream tracking module 403, in the same fashion, are believed logistics by being distributed in logistics RFID reader in logistics links
Breath is sent to block chain network, and production logistics ID and packaging ID, product IDs, last stream I D are included in logistics information, and
Logistics information encrypts generation one new stream I D, new stream I D and packaging ID, product IDs, last stream I D all by SHA256
Be correspond, ensure products in circulation process data can not change, stream I D be storage RFID electronic label in, easy to inquire about with
Track.Logistics information further includes the packaging logistics bill of lading, delivery receipt, logistics track, driver, the bill of lading of product stream, delivery receipt,
Receipt etc..The storage tracking module 404 of packaging and product, product enter electronic warehouse, and a product letter is had in garage entrance
Breath RFID reader will gather storage data and be reported to block chain network, in network verification by rear memory block chain, gathering
Data include packaging ID, and product IDs, last stream I D, storage information, GPS signatures are signed with clock, encrypted by SHA256
Entry data generation storage ID, storage ID and packaging ID, product IDs, stream I D are corresponded, which is written to RFID electronics
In label, ID is read with regard to that can trace into all data stored on block chain by RFID reader.The same manner completes production
Product outbound data are purchased and tracking.
Management tracking module 405 is used for the owning in alliance's block chain that the product is found using the RFID of the product as index
This RFID data block, here it is the product from producing, circulating, consuming all link informations, will check each block number according to being
No all authenticated completions.If to access the second layer data of the data block of some part, it is necessary to be certification user, pass through
The CA of oneself, could decrypt the data, and simultaneity factor can record the access log that the user accesses the data, so as to subsequently with
Track.If to the third layer data access of some part data block, to obtain the certification of the authorized administrator of the data by,
Certification can send disposable private key after, these data could be parsed by the private key.If it is required that checking actual products, lead to
Last block number evidence of the product data chain is crossed, sends request of examining goods to the data RFID reader, RFID reader receives
After the request, it can send short messages and give RFID reader administrator, administrator will parse the product position according to third layer data message
Put, go to scan the product.Reader is moved at the product, scans the product, by the data sending of scanning to requesting node, is read
Take after parsing third layer data by CA after the data, completely correct after the third layer data check on network, then explanation should
Data necessary being, while each reader can report GPS information and clock information when scanning product, these information meetings
Verified with the GPS information in third layer data, it is ensured that position can not play tricks.After various examinations, illustrate that the product is
Necessary being, and be unique existing.
What is built in the embodiment of the present invention can be whole to product based on the products in circulation tracking of block chain and system
Production circulation implementing monitoring, whichever link, which goes wrong, to trace to its source, the disclosed block chain note that can not be distorted
Record can prevent data from forging, transparent shared process, connection commodity ownership and transfer relationship, the trust of multicentric network,
Be conducive to supervise, and product information is divided into three different levels by the network system, and supervision is realized in classification, ensures information peace
Entirely, while data input also has stringent checking process, and multiple management nodes cooperate but single management node again will not be right
Whole system produces big influence, therefore distributed network tracking system practicality in terms of to product monitoring is very strong, is adapted to
It is a wide range of to promote.
The above is only some embodiments of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications also should
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (24)
- A kind of 1. products in circulation tracking based on block chain, it is characterised in that including：Gather data message caused by products in circulation operation link and graded encryption packing generation block；Whether the information that the block is verified by the manager node proof of work Jing Guo certification is true；The block passed through that verifies is stored to block chain, while by key storage in product packaging；By counterpart keys information in product packaging, search and decrypt product on block chain and believe in the data of different intermediate links Breath, so as to fulfill the purpose to all intermediate links into line trace and retrospect.
- A kind of 2. tracking of products in circulation based on block chain according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the number It is believed that breath includes at least one of system, packaging, product, logistics, storage, six big types of consumption.
- 3. a kind of products in circulation tracking based on block chain according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described each The graded encryption packaged data information of type further includes three Information Levels, is respectively：The basis letter that any user can check Cease layer；Obtain the certification user information layer that the user of such authorizing information could access；Obtain such authorizing information and have private The encryption information layer that the user of key could access.
- A kind of 4. products in circulation tracking based on block chain according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the collection Data message caused by products in circulation operation link include by through the RFID reader that administrator authorizes to product electronics mark Label are scanned collection, and different types of data message corresponds to different types of RFID reader.
- A kind of 5. products in circulation tracking based on block chain according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the block Chain is an alliance's block chain being made of the corresponding management node of different types of information, the cloud storage system of a distributed network System.
- 6. a kind of products in circulation tracking based on block chain according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described to pass through Whether the information that the manager node proof of work by certification verifies the block truly further includes：The block for receiving packing adds the access request of block chain, and the search validation management node in block chain network, will connect Enter request and be sent to corresponding management node；Verification access request whether allow add block chain network, checking information containing RFID, packaging ID, product IDs, reader ID, GPS, clock, product information, data check to be added；On collection network management node to access requests verification as a result, and judge access request whether by, if if will Request data block adds the block chain of network.
- A kind of 7. products in circulation tracking based on block chain according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the reception The access request that the block of packing adds block chain further includes：The preliminary authentication of access request, whether verification RFID, product IDs, GPS, clock, data type format are legal, and legal connects Entering request just allows to occur to verify into network；The management node of checking request is received on Network Search, search management node principle is the different types of management of at least six Node, there is the management node of verification relation with the product, was taken if without associated type management node with request most Near management node.
- A kind of 8. products in circulation tracking based on block chain according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the verification Whether access request allows addition block chain network to further include：To access solicited message verification, different type management node has different verification algorithms, for system, packaging, product, thing Stream, storage, the management node of consumption, verify the different information contents using different verification methods, emphasis respectively；Verification result is fed back, verification result and verification process record are occurred to give request management node.
- A kind of 9. products in circulation tracking based on block chain according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the judgement Whether access request is by further including：Receive the verification result on network and synthesis result makes the conclusive judgement of access request, if all verification results pass through Conclusive judgement just allows to access, and does not otherwise allow to access.The data block passed through is added in block chain, and verification process record is also added to data block afterbody.
- 10. a kind of products in circulation tracking based on block chain according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described to incite somebody to action After request data block adds the block chain of network, corresponding data ID, the data ID are generated by SHA256 Encryption Algorithm Including at least one of packaging ID, product IDs, stream I D, storage ID.
- 11. a kind of products in circulation tracking based on block chain according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described to deposit The data model storage for storing up module is the data structure of block chain, and second layer basic data is parsed by public keys, third layer Confidential information uses asymmetric encryption, needs peculiar private key to decrypt.
- 12. a kind of products in circulation tracking based on block chain according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described right All intermediate links, which carry out tracking, to be included：The production tracing of the initialization tracking of electronic tag, packaging and product, packaging and product Logistic track, the storage of packaging and product tracks, the management of electronics warehouse receipt tracking.
- A kind of 13. products in circulation tracking system based on block chain, it is characterised in that including：Acquisition module, for gathering data message caused by products in circulation operation link and graded encryption packing generation block；Whether correction verification module, the information for verifying the block by the manager node proof of work Jing Guo certification are true It is real；Memory module, for storing the block passed through that verifies to block chain, while by key storage in product packaging；Tracking module, for by counterpart keys information in product packaging, searching and decrypting on block chain product in different circulations The data message of link, so as to fulfill the purpose to all intermediate links into line trace and retrospect.
- 14. the tracking system of a kind of products in circulation based on block chain according to claim 13, it is characterised in that described Data message includes at least one of system, packaging, product, logistics, storage, six big types of consumption.
- 15. a kind of products in circulation tracking system based on block chain according to claim 14, it is characterised in that described every The graded encryption packaged data information of a type further includes three Information Levels, is respectively：The basis that any user can check Information Level；Obtain the certification user information layer that the user of such authorizing information could access；Obtain such authorizing information and have The encryption information layer that the user of private key could access.
- 16. a kind of products in circulation tracking system based on block chain according to claim 13, it is characterised in that described to adopt Collect module by being scanned collection, and different types of data to product electronic tag through the RFID reader that administrator authorizes Information corresponds to different types of RFID reader.
- 17. a kind of products in circulation tracking system based on block chain according to claim 13, it is characterised in that described to deposit It is an alliance's block chain being made of the corresponding management node of different types of information to store up module, and the cloud of a distributed network is deposited Storage system.
- A kind of 18. products in circulation tracking system based on block chain according to claim 13, it is characterised in that the school Module is tested to further include：Receiving unit, the block for receiving packing add the access request of block chain, and the search validation in block chain network Management node, corresponding management node is sent to by access request；Authentication unit, for verifying whether access request allows to add block chain network, checking information is containing RFID, packaging ID, production Product ID, reader ID, GPS, clock, product information, data check to be added；Judging unit, on collection network management node to access requests verification as a result, and judging whether access request leads to Cross, if the block chain that request data block is added to network if.
- 19. a kind of products in circulation tracking system based on block chain according to claim 18, it is characterised in that described to connect Unit is received to further include：Preliminary authentication subelement, for the preliminary authentication of access request, verification RFID, product IDs, GPS, clock, data type lattice Whether formula is legal, and legal access request just allows to occur to verify into network；Verify node searching subelement, the management node of checking request is received on Network Search, search for management node principle It is the different types of management node of at least six, had had the management node of verification relation with the product, if without associated class Type management node is then taken with asking nearest management node.
- 20. a kind of products in circulation tracking system based on block chain according to claim 18, it is characterised in that described Authentication unit further includes：Subelement is verified, for access solicited message verification, different type management node to have different verification algorithms, for being System, packaging, product, logistics, storage, consumption management node, use different verification methods respectively, in the different information of emphasis verification Hold；Subelement is fed back, for feeding back verification result, verification result and verification process record are occurred to give request management node.
- 21. a kind of products in circulation tracking system based on block chain according to claim 18, it is characterised in that described Judging unit further includes：Subelement is adjudicated, the conclusive judgement of access request is made for receiving verification result on network and synthesis result, if All verification results just allow to access by conclusive judgement, otherwise do not allow to access；Subelement is added, number is also added to for the data block passed through to be added in block chain, and by verification process record According to block afterbody.
- 22. a kind of products in circulation tracking system based on block chain according to claim 18, it is characterised in that described to incite somebody to action After request data block adds the block chain of network, corresponding data ID, the data ID are generated by SHA256 Encryption Algorithm Including at least one of packaging ID, product IDs, stream I D, storage ID.
- 23. a kind of products in circulation tracking system based on block chain according to claim 13, it is characterised in that described to deposit The data model storage for storing up module is the data structure of block chain, and second layer basic data is parsed by public keys, third layer Confidential information uses asymmetric encryption, needs peculiar private key to decrypt.
- A kind of 24. products in circulation tracking system based on block chain according to claim 13, it is characterised in that it is described with Track module includes：The production tracing module of the initialization tracking module of electronic tag, packaging and product, the logistics of packaging and product The storage tracking module of tracking module, packaging and product, the management tracking module of electronics warehouse receipt.
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