CN108007789B - Physical model test device for influencing adjacent buried pipelines by instability of deep foundation pit - Google Patents
Physical model test device for influencing adjacent buried pipelines by instability of deep foundation pit Download PDFInfo
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- CN108007789B CN108007789B CN201711401425.3A CN201711401425A CN108007789B CN 108007789 B CN108007789 B CN 108007789B CN 201711401425 A CN201711401425 A CN 201711401425A CN 108007789 B CN108007789 B CN 108007789B
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000001687 destabilization Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005476 size effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/14—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by dead weight, e.g. pendulum; generated by springs tension
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0075—Strain-stress relations or elastic constants
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/026—Specifications of the specimen
- G01N2203/0262—Shape of the specimen
- G01N2203/0274—Tubular or ring-shaped specimens
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Abstract
A physical model test device for influencing adjacent buried pipelines by instability of a deep foundation pit comprises a device frame, a spring support slide way and an arc-shaped groove, wherein the rectangular opening is positioned at the left side and the right side of a device main body, and at least two rectangular openings are respectively arranged at each side; the pipeline sliding platform comprises a chute, a pipeline support and a sleeve, wherein the chute is positioned at the upper end and the lower end of the rectangular opening, the pipeline support is slidably positioned in the chute, the sleeve is embedded into a circular ring arranged on the pipeline support, and two ends of a buried pipeline are respectively positioned in the left sleeve and the right sleeve; the spring support slideway is positioned at the middle part of the front end of the device frame, and the arc-shaped groove is arranged in the middle of the bottom end of the device frame; the supporting structure comprises a spring support, springs and a soil retaining plate. The invention can simulate the destabilization condition of the deep foundation pit, has influence on buried pipelines with different diameters adjacent to different positions, measures and analyzes the strain characteristics and the damage process of the buried pipelines in the test process, and provides test basis for the damage cause of the buried pipelines.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a simulation test device in the pipeline transportation industry, in particular to a physical model test device for simulating the influence of instability of a deep foundation pit on an adjacent buried pipeline.
Background
The pipe-soil interaction physical model test belongs to the category of geotechnical engineering model tests, and the theory of the pipe-soil interaction physical model test originates from a structural model test established in the early stage of the 20 th century, and the pipe-soil interaction physical model test, the pipe-soil interaction frame model test, the pipe-soil interaction centrifugal model test, the pipe-soil interaction comprehensive model test and the like are developed and extended gradually. The pipe-soil interaction frame model test refers to that in a common gravitational field, a model is manufactured by adopting similar materials meeting similar criteria in a frame model groove, and deformation and mechanical characteristic parameters of the model are measured under the condition that the model meets the main boundary condition similarity. The test can intuitively observe the motion characteristics of the sliding body in the sliding process, quantitatively obtain the parameters such as stress, strain, displacement and the like of the pipeline and the soil body, and clarify the interaction mechanism of the pipe and the soil from the qualitative and quantitative angles.
In the case of a pipe-soil interaction frame model test, pipe-soil interaction is generally a phenomenon that occurs under external force conditions. The external force is mainly applied by the following modes: a seismic wave simulated in the form of mechanical vibration or explosion; the rainfall simulator simulates the seepage effect under rainfall conditions; the manual stacking mode provides soil gravity at the top end of the force model.
According to the technical background, the process of simulating the influence of instability of a deep foundation pit on an adjacent buried pipeline mainly has the following limitations and defects:
(1) The existing position control system cannot achieve a definite control effect, is complex in structure, high in cost and complex in operation, and is difficult to meet the requirements of quick and accurate pipeline position control;
(2) The internal stress and strain of the soil body are complex, and the instability of the foundation pit caused by various factors is not easy to simulate;
(3) The size effect and the boundary effect exist in the process of simulating the instability of the deep foundation pit.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defect that the prior art cannot simulate the influence of instability of a deep foundation pit on an adjacent buried pipeline, the invention provides a physical model test device capable of simulating the influence of instability of the deep foundation pit on the adjacent buried pipeline. By using the device, the destabilization condition of the deep foundation pit can be simulated, the influence on buried pipelines with different diameters at different adjacent positions is measured and analyzed, the strain characteristics and the damage process of the buried pipelines in the test process are measured, and a test basis is provided for the damage cause of the buried pipelines.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the physical model test device comprises a device frame and a supporting structure, wherein the device frame comprises a rectangular opening for installing a pipeline sliding platform, a spring support slideway and an arc-shaped groove for installing a retaining plate, the rectangular opening is positioned at the left side and the right side of a device main body, and at least two rectangular openings are respectively arranged at each side; the pipeline sliding platform comprises a chute, a pipeline support and a sleeve, wherein the chute is positioned at the upper end and the lower end of the rectangular opening, the pipeline support is slidably positioned in the chute, the sleeve is embedded into a circular ring arranged on the pipeline support, and two ends of a buried pipeline are respectively positioned in the left sleeve and the right sleeve; the spring support slideway is positioned at the middle part of the front end of the device frame, and the arc-shaped groove is arranged in the middle of the bottom end of the device frame; the supporting structure comprises a spring support, a spring and a retaining plate, wherein the spring support is installed in a spring support slide rail and can slide along the spring support slide rail, one end of the spring is installed on the spring support, the other end of the spring is propped against the retaining plate, the bottom end of the retaining plate is attached to the arc-shaped groove, and the retaining plate is vertically arranged in the middle of the device frame.
Further, the supporting structure further comprises a sliding sheet, the sliding sheet is positioned on the spring support and can slide up and down along the spring sliding groove, and the spring is arranged on the sliding sheet.
Still further, the pipeline support is arranged in the pipeline sliding platform, and the lower end of the pipeline support is tangent to the bearing.
Still further, the test device still includes position control system, position control system includes the kayser, and the pipeline support upper end is equipped with the equidistance round hole, as the size hole of control position, the kayser can insert in the round hole of keeping somewhere in the middle of pipeline sliding platform upper end spout, connects the size hole, plays fixed pipeline support and control pipeline position's effect.
The test device further comprises a moving device, the moving device is formed by assembling wheel platforms and pulleys, the four wheel platforms are respectively located at four corner ends of the bottom end of the device frame, and the pulleys are arranged in the wheel platforms.
In the pipeline sliding platform, the distance between the upper end sliding groove and the lower end sliding groove is close to the height of the pipeline bracket.
The hand push rod is arranged at the rear end of the device frame.
The beneficial effects of the invention are mainly shown in the following steps:
(1) The test device can be applied to a pipe-soil interaction frame type model test, and the instability of a deep foundation pit is simulated through different disassembly modes of the soil retaining plate, so that the pipe-soil interaction is caused;
(2) The test device has a simple structure, is easy to operate, can place a light plate at the top end of the deep foundation pit physical model, and can be used for superposing a proper amount of weights on the light plate so as to meet the load requirement of the test;
(3) The position control system of the test device has simple structure and can accurately control the position of the buried pipeline to a certain extent;
(4) The test device can simulate the influence of instability of the deep foundation pit on the adjacent buried pipeline, can simulate the influence of excavation of the deep foundation pit on the adjacent buried pipeline, and can also study the influence of factors such as pipe diameter, pipeline position and the like on a test result under the condition of instability of the deep foundation pit;
(5) The test device has the advantages of high strength and high rigidity of the components, and the possibility of damage to the components is very low, so that the components are easy to repair or replace even if damaged;
(6) The supporting structure of the test device can highly simulate the supporting structure of a deep foundation pit, the supporting force is changed and the height of the spring is changed by changing different springs, and different foundation pit supporting modes can be simulated.
(7) The retaining plate of the test device is fixed by four nuts, and the end nuts are detached, so that the process that the lower end of the supporting structure is damaged at first can be simulated. The upper end nut is detached, so that the first damaged process of the upper end of the supporting structure can be simulated. The soil retaining plate is completely detached, and the complete destabilization process of the deep foundation pit can be simulated.
(8) The test device can be used as a reference object for geotechnical engineering model test, and has low cost, wide application prospect and remarkable economic benefit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention
FIG. 2 is a left side view of FIG. 1
FIG. 3 is a top view of FIG. 1
Fig. 4 is a bottom view of fig. 1
FIG. 5 is a view showing the construction of a device frame
FIG. 6 is a construction view of a pipe carrying platform
FIG. 7 is a spring support construction view
FIG. 8 is a construction view of a pipe bracket
In the figure: 1-device frame, 2-hand push rod, 3, 8-nut, 4-sleeve, 5-latch, 6-buried pipeline, 7-pipeline support, 9-spring, 10-spring support, 11-screw, 12, 16, 19, 20, 21, 25-screw hole, 13-bearing, 14-wheel platform, 15-pulley, 17-upper end chute, 18-lower end chute, 22-arc-shaped groove, 23-slide sheet, 24-spring chute, 26-retaining plate and 27-size hole.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 8, a physical model test device for influencing adjacent buried pipelines by instability of a deep foundation pit comprises a device frame, a position control system, a supporting structure and a moving device.
In order to fully utilize the space of the test device, the device frame 1 is provided with three layers of pipeline sliding platforms, the distance between the three layers of pipeline sliding platforms is 300mm, the width of the three layers of pipeline sliding platforms is 400mm, the buried pipeline 6 can be ensured to have enough moving space in the test device, and different positions of the buried pipeline 6 can be maximally realized.
The pipe bracket 7 is installed in the pipe sliding platform, the freedom degree is limited by the upper end chute 17 and the lower end chute 18, and the left-right horizontal sliding along the chutes 17 and 18 can be realized by the sliding action of the bearing 13. The middle of the pipeline branch 7 is provided with a circular ring with the diameter of 140mm, the sleeve 4 can be embedded into the circular ring, the sleeve 4 has various types, the outer diameter of each type is 140mm, the inner diameter is close to the outer diameter of the buried pipeline 6, and the buried pipeline 6 is convenient to insert. After the operation is finished, the buried pipeline can slide in the pipeline sliding platform. The pipeline bracket 7 upper portion is equipped with 15 round holes, and the interval is 20mm, can regard as size hole 27, and upper end spout 17 intermediate position is equipped with the round hole, and kayser 5 accessible round hole inserts in the size hole 27 to realize fixed buried pipeline to the position of buried pipeline is confirmed with higher accuracy, avoids the drawback of naked eye location, reduces the error, lets experimental result have more persuasion.
The invention is mainly aimed at the simulation of the instability of the single-side deep foundation pit, and the form of the instability of the single-side deep foundation pit mainly comprises: arc sliding, top dumping, bottom outward movement and wall translation. In order to more truly simulate the change of the supporting strength in the foundation pit instability process, the invention introduces the elastic force of the spring, and specific operations for different forms of deep foundation pit instability are as follows:
(1) Arc sliding: and placing a light plate at the rear edge part of the top of the deep foundation pit physical model, and superposing a proper amount of weights on the light plate. The spring support 10 is fixed in place by means of screws 11 inserted into the screw holes 25, 12. The spring 9 with proper elastic coefficient is arranged on the sliding sheet 23, the sliding sheet 23 is moved, the spring 9 is adjusted to be at a lower position and props against the lower edge part of the retaining plate 26, nuts at the screw holes 19 and 21 are removed, the upper end of the retaining plate 26 is fixed by the nuts, the lower end is unstable, and circular arc sliding occurs under the pressure of the rear edge weight.
(2) Toppling: the spring support 10 is fixed in place by means of screws 11 inserted into the screw holes 25, 12. The spring 9 with proper elastic coefficient is arranged on the sliding sheet 23, the sliding sheet 23 is moved, the spring 9 is adjusted to the middle position of the spring support 10, and the middle position of the retaining plate 26 is abutted. The nuts at the screw holes 16, 20 are removed, the lower end of the retaining plate 26 is fixed by the nuts, the upper end is unstable, and toppling occurs.
(3) The bottom moves outwards: the spring support 10 is fixed in place by means of screws 11 inserted into the screw holes 25, 12. The spring 9 with proper elastic coefficient is arranged on the sliding sheet 23, the sliding sheet 23 is moved, the spring 9 is adjusted to the upper end position of the spring support 10, and the middle part of the retaining plate 26 is abutted. The nuts at the screw holes 19 and 21 are removed, the upper end of the retaining plate 26 is fixed by the nuts, the lower end is unstable, and the bottom outwards moves.
(4) Wall translation: the spring support 10 is fixed in place by means of screws 11 inserted into the screw holes 25, 12. The spring 9 with proper elastic coefficient is arranged on the sliding sheet 23, the sliding sheet 23 is moved, the spring 9 is adjusted to the middle position of the spring support 10, and the middle position of the retaining plate 26 is abutted. The removal of the nuts at the screw holes 16, 19, 20, 21, except for the spring force and the lateral pressure exerted by the soil mass, will result in wall movement without any restraint of the retaining plate 26.
The test process for simulating the influence on adjacent pipelines under the condition of instability (toppling of the top) of a deep foundation pit is approximately as follows:
first part, early preparation
1. Aiming at research demands, a generalized pipe-soil similar model is drawn according to a similar principle; preparing soil mass similar materials by taking the test results of the similar materials as standards;
2. materials such as pipelines, strain gauge sensors, strain gauges and the like are purchased.
Adjustment and fixing of the second part, the device
3. The pipeline bracket 7 is arranged in the pipeline sliding platform, and the sleeve 4 is embedded in a circular ring where the pipeline bracket 7 is reserved;
4. installing the buried pipeline 6 implanted with the strain gauge into a sleeve 4 of a corresponding model, determining the position of the buried pipeline 6, inserting the buried pipeline 6 into a reserved round hole and a reserved size hole 13 of the upper end chute by using a lock 5, and fixing the buried pipeline 6;
5. a pipeline sliding platform without a buried pipeline is temporarily provided with a soil blocking plate with the same length, width and thickness specification as the pipeline bracket;
6. the test device is fixed by pressing down the wheel brake in the wheel stand 14.
7. The retaining plate 26 is secured by screw holes 16, 19, 20, 21 using nuts.
8. The spring support 10 is installed in the spring support slide way, the sliding sheet 23 is installed on the spring support 10, the spring 9 is installed on the sliding sheet 23, and the position of the spring 9 is adjusted to enable the spring 9 to abut against the middle position of the retaining plate 26.
9. The spring support 10 is secured in place in the spring support slide using nuts.
10. Lubricating oil is smeared in a closed space between the pipeline sliding platform and the soil retaining plate 26, boundary effects are reduced, prepared soil body layering (thickness of 50 mm) is filled into the closed space, each layer is filled, the soil body is lightly tamped by using the standard tamping plate until the thickness of the soil body meets test requirements, and the buried pipeline 6 is not disturbed as much as possible in the soil body filling process.
Third part, test monitoring
11. The strain gauge sensor is connected with the strain gauge implanted in the buried pipeline 6, and mainly collects pipeline deformation data.
12. The nuts at the screw holes 16, 20 are removed to remove the restraint from the upper end of the retaining plate 26.
13. The soil body generates lateral pressure and deforms to cause pipe-soil interaction.
14. The buried pipeline 6 location was recorded and strain gauge sensor data collected for analysis.
4. End of test
15. The spring support 10, the spring 9, the slide 23, the soil guard plate 26 are removed in sequence, is convenient for cleaning soil.
16. The buried pipeline 6, the pipeline bracket 7 and the sleeve 4 are removed in sequence.
17. Cleaning the parts of the test device, and wiping the parts by using a dry rag to keep clean.
18. The test device is pushed to a proper environment for storage, and under the condition of conditional conditions, oiling and rust prevention are suitable.
The core of the invention is a position control system and a supporting structure of the buried pipeline, which can realize that the buried pipeline 6 is arranged at different positions in the soil body of the foundation pit, and is convenient for researching the influence of the position of the buried pipeline 6 on the deep foundation pit under the condition of instability of the foundation pit. In addition, the influence of the pipe diameter of the buried pipe 6 on the deep foundation pit under the condition of instability can be studied, and the multifunction can be realized. The invention uses the simple structure formed by the retaining plate, the spring support and the spring to simulate four forms of instability of the single-side deep foundation pit basically by combining the instability form of the field deep foundation pit, has high efficiency, low cost and wide application range, and can be applied to simulate various conditions of instability of the foundation pit and the like.
Claims (6)
1. A physical model test device that deep basal pit unstability caused influence to adjacent buried pipeline which characterized in that: the device comprises a device frame and a supporting structure, wherein the device frame comprises a rectangular opening for installing a pipeline sliding platform, a spring support slideway and an arc-shaped groove for installing a retaining plate, the rectangular opening is positioned at the left side and the right side of a device main body, and at least two rectangular openings are respectively arranged at each side; the pipeline sliding platform comprises a chute, a pipeline support and a sleeve, wherein the chute is positioned at the upper end and the lower end of the rectangular opening, the pipeline support is slidably positioned in the chute, the sleeve is embedded into a circular ring arranged on the pipeline support, and two ends of a buried pipeline are respectively positioned in the left sleeve and the right sleeve; the spring support slideway is positioned at the middle part of the front end of the device frame, and the arc-shaped groove is arranged in the middle of the bottom end of the device frame; the supporting structure comprises a spring support, a spring and a retaining plate, wherein the spring support is installed in a spring support slide way and can slide along the spring support slide way, one end of the spring is installed on the spring support, the other end of the spring is propped against the retaining plate, the bottom end of the retaining plate is attached to the arc-shaped groove, and the retaining plate is vertically arranged in the middle of the device frame;
the test device further comprises a position control system, the position control system comprises a lock, equidistant round holes are formed in the upper end of the pipeline support and used as size holes for controlling positions, the lock can be inserted into the reserved round holes in the middle of the sliding grooves in the upper end of the pipeline sliding platform, and the lock is connected with the size holes to play a role in fixing the pipeline support and controlling the positions of the pipeline.
2. The physical model test device for influencing the adjacent buried pipeline by the instability of the deep foundation pit according to claim 1, wherein the physical model test device comprises the following components: the supporting structure further comprises a sliding sheet, the sliding sheet is positioned on the spring support and can slide up and down along the spring sliding chute, and the spring is arranged on the sliding sheet.
3. The physical model test device for influencing the adjacent buried pipeline by the instability of the deep foundation pit according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the physical model test device comprises the following components: the pipeline support is arranged in the pipeline sliding platform, and the lower end of the pipeline support is tangent to the bearing.
4. The physical model test device for influencing the adjacent buried pipeline by the instability of the deep foundation pit according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the physical model test device comprises the following components: the test device further comprises a moving device, the moving device is formed by assembling wheel platforms and pulleys, the four wheel platforms are respectively located at four corner ends of the bottom end of the device frame, and the pulleys are arranged in the wheel platforms.
5. The physical model test device for influencing the adjacent buried pipeline by the instability of the deep foundation pit according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the physical model test device comprises the following components: in the pipeline sliding platform, the distance between the upper end sliding groove and the lower end sliding groove is close to the height of the pipeline bracket.
6. The physical model test device for influencing the adjacent buried pipeline by the instability of the deep foundation pit according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the physical model test device comprises the following components: the hand push rod is arranged at the rear end of the device frame.
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| CN201711401425.3A CN108007789B (en) | 2017-12-22 | 2017-12-22 | Physical model test device for influencing adjacent buried pipelines by instability of deep foundation pit |
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| CN108007789B true CN108007789B (en) | 2023-10-27 |
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