CN108007572B - A kind of rotation disturbance measuring system based on vortex beams and Sa Ge clarke interferometer - Google Patents
A kind of rotation disturbance measuring system based on vortex beams and Sa Ge clarke interferometer Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The rotation disturbance measuring system based on vortex beams and Sa Ge clarke interferometer that the invention discloses a kind of, comprising: vortex beams generation module, for generating vortex beams；Mach increases Dare interferometer, is two beam vortex beams of pi/2 for the vortex beams of generation to be divided into phase difference, then be coupled as a branch of output；Beam splitter, a branch of to enter balance detection module for being divided into two bundles vortex beams, another beam enters Sa lattice clarke interferometer；Balance detection module, for passing through balanced detector output error signal to PGC demodulation module；The phase difference that Mach increases the two beam vortex beams that the beam splitting of Dare interferometer polarization is formed is locked in pi/2 by PGC demodulation module, the signal for being exported according to balance detection module；Sa lattice clarke interferometer becomes larger the phase difference of two light beams for being divided into two bundles the vortex beams received, and by rotation disturbance.The present invention can be measured dynamically.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the field of precision measurement of laser interferometer, more particularly to one kind to be based on vortex beams and Sa Ge clarke
The rotation disturbance measuring system of interferometer.
Background technique
There are two types of the measurement method of rotation disturbance is general, one is rotation doppler shift method, another kind is to utilize light beam
Space phase be distributed to measure.And when being measured using space phase distribution, common several detection devices are mostly concentrated
In the measurement to static process.But in actual engineering and biometric system, dynamic disturbances are apparently more extensive.
The vortex beams used below for the present invention are introduced: the wavefront of vortex light twist divides around optical axis
Cloth, such wavefront properties are equivalent to phase factor exp (il θ), wherein l is referred to as topological charge number, can use any whole
Number；θ is azimuth, and value is 0~2 π, and after being technically resolved from the generation of vortex light, special phase characteristic is obtained
To being widely applied.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: the present invention provides a kind of based on vortex light to meet the measurement needs to dynamic rotary disturbance
The rotation disturbance measuring system of beam and Sa Ge clarke interferometer.
Technical solution: the rotation disturbance measuring system packet of the present invention based on vortex beams and Sa Ge clarke interferometer
It includes:
Vortex beams generation module, the vortex beams for topological charge number needed for being generated using fork like grating method；
Mach increases Dare interferometer, and it is pi/2 that the vortex beams for generating vortex beams generation module, which are divided into phase difference,
Two beam vortex beams, then by two beam vortex beams coupling become a branch of output；
Beam splitter, the vortex beams for Mach to be increased the output of Dare interferometer are divided into two bundles, and a branch of balance that enters is visited
Module is surveyed, another beam enters Sa lattice clarke interferometer；
Balance detection module, including identical first balanced detector of gain and the second weighing apparatus detector, the first balance detection
Device receives the vortex beams that beam splitter issues, and the second weighing apparatus detector receives the light beam of Sa lattice clarke interferometer output, and first is flat
Light beam carries out photoelectric current and subtracts each other based on the received for weighing apparatus detector and the second balanced detector, by the first balanced detector by result
It exports to PGC demodulation module；
PGC demodulation module, the signal for being exported according to the first balanced detector, it is inclined that control Mach increases Dare interferometer
The phase for wherein a branch of vortex beams that vibration beam splitting is formed, so that two beam vortex beams phase differences are locked in pi/2；
Sa lattice clarke interferometer, for the vortex beams received to be divided into two bundles, and will be after beam splitting by rotation disturbance
The phase differences of two light beams become larger, achieve the purpose that amplified signal.
Wherein, the vortex beams generation module include the 1064nm coherent source set gradually according to optical propagation direction,
Condenser lens, fork like grating panel and half-wave plate.
Wherein, it includes the first polarization beam apparatus, the second polarization beam apparatus, the first reflecting mirror that the Mach, which increases Dare interferometer,
With the second reflecting mirror, first polarization beam apparatus is located at after vortex beams generation module, by the vortex beams received point
A branch of to pass through the first reflecting mirror back reflection to the second polarization beam apparatus for the vertical light beam in two beam polarization directions, another beam passes through
Second reflecting mirror phase adjusted back reflection to the second polarization beam apparatus, the second polarization beam apparatus couple the two light beams received
As a branch of output.
Wherein, the PGC demodulation module includes proportional integral circuit PID, high-voltage amplifier and piezoelectric ceramics, the ratio
Example integrating circuit PID connects the first balanced detector of the balance detection module, and the piezoelectric ceramics is attached to described second
On reflecting mirror, the proportional integral circuit PID, high-voltage amplifier and piezoelectric ceramics are sequentially connected.
Wherein, the Sa lattice clarke interferometer includes third polarization beam apparatus, third reflecting mirror, the 4th reflecting mirror, the 5th
Reflecting mirror and Dove prism, the third polarization beam apparatus receives the light beam that beam splitter is propagated, and is divided into two bundles, it is a branch of successively
Dove prism is reflexed to through third reflecting mirror and the 4th reflecting mirror, another beam reflexes to Dove prism, road prestige through the 5th reflecting mirror
Prism returns after being increased the two light beams phase difference of propagation by rotation and propagates to third polarization beam apparatus, by third polarization point
It is exported after the coupling of beam device.
Further, which further includes signal generator, and the signal generator issues rotation disturbance signal, is loaded into
On the swing offset platform for carrying Dove prism, Dove prism is rotated.
Further, the beam splitter is specially polarizing beam splitter.The fork like grating panel includes ten different
Optical grating construction respectively corresponds the vortex beams for generating topological charge number from l=1 to 10.
The utility model has the advantages that the present invention is measured using the Sa lattice clarke interferometer of locking phase, instead of traditional Mach
While increasing Dare interferometer, the influence of ambient noise is reduced, and is exaggerated the phase signal that disturbance is converted to.Benefit of the invention
Rotation disturbance may be implemented with Sa lattice clarke interferometer as detection light beam with the orbital angular momentum characteristic of vortex light
The advantage of dynamic measurement combines, and further increases the signal-to-noise ratio and resolution ratio of rotation disturbance measurement, opens for the application of vortex light
New-world gate.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is that the vortex beams that topological charge is l pass through the schematic diagram of Dove prism from both direction；
Fig. 3 is the relational graph of output power and rotation disturbance signal of the present invention under static measurement；
Fig. 4 dynamic measures the relational graph of lower interference signal amplitude and rotation disturbance signal frequency, vortex light step number.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the rotation disturbance measuring system of the present invention based on vortex beams and Sa Ge clarke interferometer
Increase Dare interferometer, beam splitter, balance detection module, PGC demodulation module and Sa including vortex beams generation module, Mach
Lattice clarke interferometer.
Wherein, the vortex beams of topological charge number needed for vortex beams generation module is used to generate using fork like grating method, tool
Body includes the 1064nm coherent source 1 set gradually according to optical propagation direction, condenser lens 2, fork like grating panel 3 and half-wave plate
The light that 4,1064nm coherent sources 1 issue focuses in fork like grating panel 3 into after crossing reflecting mirror collimation by condenser lens 2
The heart generates the preferable vortex beams of quality, and fork like grating panel 3 includes ten different optical grating constructions, can respectively correspond generation
For topological charge number from l=1 to 10 vortex beams, half-wave plate 4 is used to adjust the polarization of light beam, the vortex light of 45 ° of polarizations after adjusting
Beam is sent to Mach and increases Dare interferometer.
Mach increases the vortex beams that Dare interferometer is used to generate vortex beams generation module and carries out polarization beam splitting, is formed
Phase difference is two beam vortex beams of pi/2, then the coupling of two beam vortex beams is become a branch of output.Specifically include the first polarization point
Beam device 4, the second polarization beam apparatus 5, the first reflecting mirror 7 and the second reflecting mirror 8, the first polarization beam apparatus 4 be located at half-wave plate 4 it
Afterwards, the vortex beams that half-wave plate 4 is propagated are divided into two bundles the vertical light beam in polarization direction, it is a branch of anti-after the first reflecting mirror 7
It is incident upon the second polarization beam apparatus 5, another beam is by 8 phase adjusted back reflection of the second reflecting mirror to the second polarization beam apparatus 6, and second
The two light beams received coupling is become a branch of output by polarization beam apparatus 6.
Beam splitter is specially polarization beam apparatus 9, and the vortex beams for Mach to be increased the output of Dare interferometer are divided into two
Beam, a branch of to enter balance detection module, another beam enters Sa lattice clarke interferometer.
Balance detection module includes that identical first balanced detector 10 of gain and the second weighing apparatus detector 11, the first balance are visited
It surveys device 10 and receives the vortex beams that beam splitter issues, the second weighing apparatus detector 11 receives the light beam of Sa lattice clarke interferometer output,
Light beam progress photoelectric current subtracts each other based on the received for first balanced detector 10 and the second balanced detector 11, passes through the first balance and visits
Device 10 is surveyed to export result to PGC demodulation module.Classical amplitude after the result of balance detection is subtracted each other in energy deduction system is made an uproar
Sound improves locking precision, reduces the noise of signal detection.
PGC demodulation module is used for the signal exported according to the first balanced detector 10, and it is inclined that control Mach increases Dare interferometer
The phase for wherein a branch of vortex beams that vibration beam splitting is formed, so that two beam vortex beams phase differences are locked in pi/2 and specifically include ratio
Example integrating circuit PID12, high-voltage amplifier 13 and piezoelectric ceramics 14, proportional integral circuit PID12 connection balance detection module
First balanced detector 10, piezoelectric ceramics 14 are attached on the second reflecting mirror 8, proportional integral circuit PID12, high-voltage amplifier 13
It is sequentially connected with piezoelectric ceramics 14, the output of proportional integral circuit PID12 passes through piezoelectric ceramics after the amplification of high-voltage amplifier 13
14, which act on Mach, increases on one arm reflecting mirror 8 of Dare interferometer, increases the relative phase of Dare interferometer two-arm for adjusting Mach,
Lock the phase difference of subsequent Sa lattice clarke interferometer two-arm.The signal that PGC demodulation module is extracted is in Sa lattice clarke interferometer
Front is extracted, and is because the frequency range of measured signal is low-frequency range, Chong Die with the frequency range of ambient noise, in front, extraction can be to prevent
Stop signal locking means are fallen as ambient noise compensation.
Sa lattice clarke interferometer, Sa Ge are propagated to by reflective mirror 15 between Sa lattice clarke interferometer and polarization beam apparatus 9
Clarke interferometer passes through rotation disturbance for the phase of the two light beams after beam splitting for being divided into two bundles the vortex beams received
Potential difference becomes larger, and achievees the purpose that amplified signal.Specifically include third polarization beam apparatus 16, third reflecting mirror 17, the 4th reflecting mirror
18, received light beam is divided into two bundles by the 5th reflecting mirror 19 and Dove prism 20, third polarization beam apparatus 16, a branch of successively through
Three reflecting mirrors 17 and the 4th reflecting mirror 18 reflex to Dove prism 20, and another beam reflexes to Dove prism through the 5th reflecting mirror 19
20, Dove prism 20 returns after being increased the two light beams phase difference of propagation by rotation and propagates to third polarization beam apparatus 16,
It is exported after being coupled by third polarization beam apparatus 16.The polarization with Mach-Zehnder interferometers two-arm of Sa lattice clarke interferometer two-arm
Direction is consistent, original small, the Jing Qihe beam beam splitting again of amplitude ratio, and intermediate polarisation can pass through adjusting horse without conversion
The two-arm of conspicuous Zeng Deer interferometer adjusts the interference contrast of Sa lattice clarke interferometer.The rotation disturbance signal of Dove prism by
The simulation of signal generator 21 generates, and on the swing offset platform of rotation disturbance signal loading to carrying Dove prism, rotates road power and influence
Mirror carries out certain rotation to the helical phase for the vortex beams that different directions enter, to make Sa lattice clarke interferometer two-arm
Phase difference increase, achieve the purpose that signal amplify.Pass through reflecting mirror after the vortex optical coupling that two beams rotate by a certain angle respectively
22 reflex to the reception of balance detection device 11, observe and measure result on oscillograph 23.
For above-mentioned measuring system, if there is N number of independent orbital angular momentum to bePhoton respectively from both direction
When reaching Sa lattice clarke interferometer, as shown in Fig. 2, l rank vortex light passes through Dove prism if the angle of Dove prism rotation is θ
After can rotate π -2l θ, that is to say, that Dove prism can to vortex light provide π -2l θ phase shift, by measure phase shift counter can push away
The size of disturbing signal out, i.e. Dove prism rotation angle.
Calculate the signal-to-noise ratio of measurement process below.Assuming thatWithFor photon creation operator and
Annihilations operator, then photon number operator beEach photon is mutually indepedent, therefore, Sa lattice clarke interferometer a, b (Fig. 1
In 11 parts) average photon number that detects of two output ends isIt will be apparent that the average photon number of detection and dry
The phase difference of interferometer two-arm is related, that is to say, that related with the rotation angle, θ of Dove prism.When the disturbance applied to Dove prism
For low-angle disturbance, then signal isNoise isThe desired value of the number of photons of interferometer two-arm is
Then corresponding error are as follows:
By (1), (2), (3) can obtain signal-to-noise ratio are as follows:
Since signal is differential of the average photon number to θ, the coefficient before θ will affect signal-to-noise ratio.Therefore, signal can become
Originally 2l times, and noise figure is constant.
From the above results, arbitrarily take interferometer export the end a or the end b can be obtained signal detection as a result, but
In order to deduct classical amplitude noise, signal analysis is carried out using balance detection system.At this point, signal is
Noise is
Then have:
By statistical theory:
Total number of photons at both ends determines, has
It can be seen that balance detection in the case where deducting certain classical noise from above derive, the table of theoretical signal-to-noise ratio
It is constant up to formula.
Fig. 3, Fig. 4 are the result figure of static measurement and the dynamic measurement of system respectively.When static measurement, by equal intervals angle
The output power of stellar interferometer while rotating Dove prism, output power can cyclically-varying after rotating certain number.No
It is different to change number of revolutions corresponding when a cycle for output power when the vortex light of homeomorphism lotus measures.By formula
(2), the period that two-arm phase difference θ changes 2 π is T=2 π/(2 × 2 × l)=pi/2 l, and l is bigger, and the period is shorter, rotates specific θ
When, phase difference variation is bigger, that is, resolution ratio is higher.Fig. 3 is phase difference variable when changing with vortex light step number l from 1-10
Change the situation of change reciprocal in the period of 2 π, as order increases, the period is gradually become smaller, and theory meets preferable with experiment.It is dynamic
State is measured as under the rotation disturbance of the low frequency signal of different cycles, uses the vortex light measurement signal of different topology lotus, Fig. 4 respectively
For the result figure of dynamic measurement, it can be seen from the figure that under the rotation disturbance of the low frequency signal of different cycles, interference signal
Amplitude increases with the increase of vortex beams order, and is linear relationship.
Above disclosed is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the right model of the present invention cannot be limited with this
It encloses, therefore equivalent changes made in accordance with the claims of the present invention, is still within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of rotation disturbance measuring system based on vortex beams and Sa Ge clarke interferometer, characterized by comprising:
Vortex beams generation module, the vortex beams for topological charge number needed for being generated using fork like grating method；
Mach increases Dare interferometer, and the vortex beams for generating vortex beams generation module are divided into two that phase difference is pi/2
Beam vortex beams, then the coupling of two beam vortex beams is become into a branch of output；
Beam splitter, the vortex beams for Mach to be increased the output of Dare interferometer are divided into two bundles, a branch of to enter balance detection mould
Block, another beam enter Sa lattice clarke interferometer；
Balance detection module, including identical first balanced detector of gain and the second balanced detector, the first balanced detector
The vortex beams that beam splitter issues are received, the second balanced detector receives the light beam of Sa lattice clarke interferometer output, and first is flat
Light beam carries out photoelectric current and subtracts each other based on the received for weighing apparatus detector and the second balanced detector, by the first balanced detector by result
It exports to PGC demodulation module；
PGC demodulation module, the signal for being exported according to the first balanced detector, control Mach increase Dare interferometer polarization point
The phase for wherein a branch of vortex beams that beam is formed, so that two beam vortex beams phase differences are locked in pi/2；
Sa lattice clarke interferometer for being divided into two bundles the vortex beams received, and passes through rotation disturbance for two after beam splitting
The phase difference of light beams becomes larger, and achievees the purpose that amplified signal.
2. the rotation disturbance measuring system according to claim 1 based on vortex beams and Sa Ge clarke interferometer, special
Sign is: the vortex beams generation module includes the 1064nm coherent source set gradually according to optical propagation direction, focuses thoroughly
Mirror, fork like grating panel and half-wave plate.
3. the rotation disturbance measuring system according to claim 1 based on vortex beams and Sa Ge clarke interferometer, special
Sign is: it includes the first polarization beam apparatus, the second polarization beam apparatus, the first reflecting mirror and second that the Mach, which increases Dare interferometer,
Reflecting mirror, first polarization beam apparatus are located at after vortex beams generation module, the vortex beams received are divided into two bundles
The vertical light beam in polarization direction, a branch of to pass through the first reflecting mirror back reflection to the second polarization beam apparatus, another beam is anti-by second
Mirror phase adjusted back reflection is penetrated to the second polarization beam apparatus, the two light beams received coupling is become one by the second polarization beam apparatus
Beam output.
4. the rotation disturbance measuring system according to claim 3 based on vortex beams and Sa Ge clarke interferometer, special
Sign is: the PGC demodulation module includes proportional integral circuit PID, high-voltage amplifier and piezoelectric ceramics, the proportional integration
Circuit PID connects the first balanced detector of the balance detection module, and the piezoelectric ceramics is attached to second reflecting mirror
On, the proportional integral circuit PID, high-voltage amplifier and piezoelectric ceramics are sequentially connected.
5. the rotation disturbance measuring system according to claim 1 based on vortex beams and Sa Ge clarke interferometer, special
Sign is: the Sa lattice clarke interferometer includes third polarization beam apparatus, third reflecting mirror, the 4th reflecting mirror, the 5th reflecting mirror
And Dove prism, the third polarization beam apparatus receives the light beam that beam splitter is propagated, and is divided into two bundles, a branch of successively through third
Reflecting mirror and the 4th reflecting mirror reflex to Dove prism, and another beam reflexes to Dove prism through the 5th reflecting mirror, and Dove prism is logical
It crosses after rotation increases the two light beams phase difference of propagation to return and propagates to third polarization beam apparatus, by third polarization beam apparatus coupling
It exports after conjunction to oscillograph.
6. the rotation disturbance measuring system according to claim 5 based on vortex beams and Sa Ge clarke interferometer, special
Sign is: further including signal generator, the signal generator issues rotation disturbance signal, is loaded into the rotation of carrying Dove prism
In indexable moving stage, Dove prism is rotated.
7. the rotation disturbance measuring system according to claim 1 based on vortex beams and Sa Ge clarke interferometer, special
Sign is: the beam splitter is specially polarizing beam splitter.
8. the rotation disturbance measuring system according to claim 2 based on vortex beams and Sa Ge clarke interferometer, special
Sign is: the fork like grating panel includes ten different optical grating constructions, respectively corresponds and generates topological charge number from l=1 to 10
Vortex beams.
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| CN109239919B (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2021-05-18 | 华南师范大学 | Design method for transmitting deformation-free rotating light beam |
| CN111029899A (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-04-17 | 山西大学 | Laser power stabilization and noise reduction system |
| CN111812346B (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2021-04-20 | 华中科技大学 | Interference type all-fiber rotary Doppler velocimeter |
| CN112461381B (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2022-03-11 | 中国计量大学 | Device for measuring orbital angular momentum spectrum of vortex light beam |
| CN112880711B (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2023-07-04 | 合肥工业大学 | Distributed optical fiber sensing method and system based on double pulse modulation |
| CN113534473B (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2022-08-30 | 吉林大学 | Vortex light array system |
| CN114322829B (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-12-20 | 山东大学 | Splicing main mirror common-phase error detection system based on dual-wavelength vortex light beam phase shift interference and working method thereof |
| CN114370928B (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2023-08-22 | 南京大学 | Linear type Sagnac interference type optical fiber vibration sensor |
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| CN104280141B (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2017-04-26 | 西北工业大学 | Beam splitter prism and method and device for detecting topological charge of vortex beam |
| CN104375277B (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2016-06-01 | 中国科学技术大学 | Based on the hyperchannel space structure light field generating apparatus of modified version Michelson interferometer |
| CN105091877A (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2015-11-25 | 傅冼溶 | Rotation sensing method based on polarization state of light and optical gyroscope thereof |
| CN105716598A (en) * | 2016-02-03 | 2016-06-29 | 中国人民解放军装备学院 | BEC quantum vortex gyro implementation method based on active control |
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