CN108005848A - Suppression wind energy conversion system based on SMA differential pressures feedback waves the intelligent pitch-controlled system of resonance - Google Patents
Suppression wind energy conversion system based on SMA differential pressures feedback waves the intelligent pitch-controlled system of resonance Download PDFInfo
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- CN108005848A CN108005848A CN201711210993.5A CN201711210993A CN108005848A CN 108005848 A CN108005848 A CN 108005848A CN 201711210993 A CN201711210993 A CN 201711210993A CN 108005848 A CN108005848 A CN 108005848A
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000837 restrainer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/022—Adjusting aerodynamic properties of the blades
- F03D7/0224—Adjusting blade pitch
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
- F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D15/00—Transmission of mechanical power
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D3/06—Rotors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/0244—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor for braking
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
- F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/728—Onshore wind turbines
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction
Abstract
The intelligent pitch-controlled system that the suppression wind energy conversion system based on SMA differential pressures feedback of the present invention waves resonance includes wind energy conversion system, signal transmission and processing unit, pitch control device and variable pitch executive device.The upper and lower of pneumatic equipment bladess are equipped with marmem SMA material, and the SMA material of the upper and lower interlayer on same blade is connected by conducting wire；Pneumatic equipment bladess produce when waving displacement of blade tip, the SMA material for being arranged on the upper and lower interlayer of blade produces differential pressure, output voltage signal, signal transmission is handled voltage signal with processing unit, voltage signal after processing is transferred to pitch control device, pitch control device judges the voltage signal after processing and sends control instruction to variable pitch executive device according to judging result, realizes the control that pneumatic equipment bladess are become with vane angle.The system of the application can reduce the hysteresis quality that pneumatic equipment bladess resonance suppresses, and simplify and wave resonance detection implementation process, and increase blade waves sensitivity and the accuracy of resonance detection.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to wind-driven generator control technology field, specifically, is related to a kind of suppression based on SMA differential pressures feedback
Wind energy conversion system processed waves the intelligent pitch-controlled system of resonance.
Background technology
In recent years, new energy technology has obtained very big development, especially wind technology and Wind energy extraction mechanical aspects.Wind
Power machine under external force or resonates, once wind energy conversion system resonates, then can cause pole to wind energy conversion system in very short time
Big damage.What resonance occurred is usually that reason is：Under the excitation of permanent wind source active force, the intrinsic frequency of wind energy conversion system and outer effect
When power intrinsic frequency is close, amplitude suddenly increases.
Aerodynamic force is generally considered under these conditions as main outer active force, the master undertaken by aerodynamic loading by blade
Load source is wanted, and direction and size are easily mutated, it is difficult to qualitative analysis, it is easy to external applied load frequency and blade exciting frequency occurs
Situation similar in rate or certain rank intrinsic frequency, once this thing happens, blade will resonate, and blade amplitude is anxious during resonance
Increase severely big, easily cause blade damage.So how to avoid pneumatic equipment bladess from resonating under external load function, become one
Urgent problem to be solved.
The content of the invention
In view of this, the technical problems to be solved by the invention there is provided a kind of suppression wind based on SMA differential pressures feedback
Power machine waves the intelligent pitch-controlled system of resonance, when waving resonance generation to reduce hysteresis quality when blade vibration suppresses, to simplify
The implementation process of displacement detecting, increase blade wave the sensitivity and accuracy when resonance shift detects.
To be waved altogether in order to solve the above technical problems, the invention discloses a kind of suppression wind energy conversion system based on SMA differential pressures feedback
The intelligent pitch-controlled system to shake, it is characterised in that including：Wind energy conversion system, signal transmission and processing unit, pitch control device and variable pitch
Executive device；
The wind energy conversion system includes pylon, the cabin being arranged on above pylon, is arranged on the wheel hub of cabin front end and is arranged on
On the outside of wheel hub and along the uniformly distributed multiple intelligent blades of wheel hub；Retarder and electricity generation module are provided with cabin, during use, wind
Act in intelligent blade, provide lift for intelligent blade so that intelligent blade rotates, and then drives hub rotation, in wheel hub
Electricity generation module in main shaft connection cabin generates electricity；The upper and lower of each intelligent blade are equipped with marmem
SMA material, the SMA material of the upper and lower interlayer in same intelligent blade are connected by conducting wire；
Each intelligent blade of wind energy conversion system produces when waving displacement of blade tip under Aerodynamic force action, is arranged on each intelligence
The SMA material of the upper and lower interlayer of blade produces differential pressure, and signal transmission receives the voltage signal from SMA material with processing unit
And the voltage signal is handled, the voltage signal after processing is transferred to pitch control device, pitch control device pair
Voltage signal after processing is judged, and sends corresponding control instruction to variable pitch executive device according to judging result, is passed through
Change vane angle of the variable pitch executive device to each intelligent blade realizes control.
Intelligence pitch-controlled system as described above, wherein, the structure of each intelligent blade is cavity stressed-skin construction, each intelligent blade
On be also equipped with composite material as matrix, composite material selects galss fiber reinforced resin, compound in each intelligent blade
Material is equipped with multilayer, and ply sequence is the circumferential symmetrically Stiffness Distribution modes of CUS, and wing flapping chooses θ=45 °~55 °.
Intelligence pitch-controlled system as described above, wherein, the SMA material is folded in the middle position of composite material,
Intelligent blade upper and lower symmetric array is distributed, and SMA material volume accounts for the three of intelligent blade annular distribution domain entities volume basis
Ten, and length directional spreding of the SMA material along intelligent blade, the length of SMA material account for the 90% of intelligent blade overall length.
Intelligence pitch-controlled system as described above, wherein, the signal transmission and processing unit include SMA difference channels,
IsoVuTm sensing receivers and filter and amplification module；SMA difference channels are arranged on the middle part of the transition portion of each intelligent blade,
For receiving the voltage signal from SMA material, and carry out preliminary calculation process and calculate voltage difference, and pressure difference signal is transmitted
To the IsoVuTm sensors for the blade root for being arranged on each intelligent blade；IsoVuTm sensors transmit SMA difference channels
Pressure difference signal be transmitted through the fiber to filter and amplification module, filter and amplification module is arranged in wheel hub, filter and amplification module pair
Pressure difference signal is into line noise filter and signal enhanced processing.
Intelligence pitch-controlled system as described above, wherein, it is stored with the pitch control device for described in contrast judgement
The whether normal setting value of voltage signal and rated value after processing, if the voltage signal after the processing is more than the setting
Value, then it is excessive to judge that intelligent blade waves displacement for pitch control device, and sends variable pitch signal to variable pitch executive device；It is if described
Voltage signal after processing continues and is more than the rated value, then it is unattenuated to judge that intelligent blade produces amplitude for pitch control device
Wave flutter, and send variable pitch signal to variable pitch executive device；If the voltage signal after the processing is less than the rated value
And setting value, then pitch control device it is normal to judge that intelligent blade waves displacement, pitch control device not, to variable pitch executive device
Send variable pitch signal.
Intelligence pitch-controlled system as described above, wherein, the variable pitch executive device includes encoder, servomotor and independence
Blade pitch device, each intelligent blade are correspondingly arranged a set of independent pitch mechanism, and the control instruction that pitch control device is sent is passed
Encoder is transported to, encoder, which sends electric pulse to servomotor, acts servomotor, and each independent pitch mechanism includes
Driving gear and ring gear, driving gear are connected with the output shaft of servomotor, and ring gear is arranged in wheel hub, is fixed on wheel hub
Root, and ring gear and driving gear engaged transmission, servomotor drives ring gear to rotate by driving gear, so that band
Dynamic intelligent blade rotates.
Intelligence pitch-controlled system as described above, wherein, the side of each ring gear is both provided with non-contact displacement transducer,
Non-contact displacement transducer is used for the angle for detecting ring gear rotation, to determine that each intelligent blade becomes the change of vane angle；It is described
Non-contact displacement transducer is connected with pitch control device, when the numeral that encoder and non-contact displacement transducer are surveyed not
When consistent, pitch control device judges that servo motor output shaft or encoder break down.
Intelligence pitch-controlled system as described above, wherein, the variable pitch executive device further includes position-limit mechanism, position-limit mechanism bag
Two that are arranged on each ring gear side are included close to switch, two set position and the line of ring gear central point close to switch
It is mutually perpendicular to.
Intelligence pitch-controlled system as described above, wherein, the variable pitch executive device further includes arrestment mechanism, arrestment mechanism bag
Include relay, electromagnet and the spragging gear for being arranged on each ring gear side；When wind energy conversion system works normally, pitch control device control
Relay processed obtains electric, makes electromagnetic actuation spragging gear, spragging gear retraction, intelligent blade runs well；When intelligent blade needs
Brake or when intelligent pitch-controlled system breaks down, pitch control device control relay electric-loss, electromagnet can not be attracted braking
The external tooth of gear, spragging gear pop-up and spragging gear is caught in ring gear, and then prevents the rotation of intelligent blade.
Compared with prior art, the present invention can obtain following technique effect：
1st, the present invention under certain aerodynamic conditions, passes through the shape of SMA material using the intelligent blade for being embedded with SMA material
Become the voltage difference indirect detection intelligent blade resonance produced, by carrying out signal transmission and processing to the pressure difference signal of generation
Afterwards, if being judged as resonance, and continue and destructiveness may be brought, then drive variable pitch.The last handling process of pressure difference signal
And its debugging process is simply easily realized, and it is affected by environment it is small (ratio as can automatic shield extraneous magnetic field to avoid triggering malfunction
Make), because of the consideration in wind energy conversion system work geographical location, and intelligent blade is flexible body, and active time is longer, needs blade material to have
Preferable fatigue properties and corrosion resistance, material therefor of the present invention are just meeting this requirement；And SMA material external force unloading after,
Because of the pseudo- anamorphic effect of elasticity of itself, elastic deformation can quickly and completely recover, this be with the flexible nature of traditional material not
Together；Again because blade built-in materials renewal cost is very high, so can greatly reduce spillage of material cost using SMA material.So
The benefit embedded using SMA material is especially prominent.
2nd, the pitch control device in the present invention can detect intelligence in time by handling the differential voltage signal of SMA material
Can the resonance and accurately judging whether of blade need to drive variable pitch.With needing to set sensor phase in blade surface in the prior art
Than the structure design in the present invention does not influence the overall structure and aerodynamic configuration of blade, and this patent is perceived using built-in SMA material
Resonance, voltage is transmitted to IsoVuTm sensors by difference channel, belongs to non-cpntact measurement, simple and practicable and enhance feedback
Signal and signal-to-noise ratio, reliability is high, and control is simple.The service life of blade can be extended by reducing resonance vibration failure probability, from
And reduce cost.
3rd, the present invention waves resonance based on blade and suppresses, and it is either permanent that it is different from the constant speed that traditional maximum power obtains
Design principle on the basis of Power operation, the present invention are a kind of new method and new approaches of blade resonance active suppression, it is not
But the method that the embedded and voltage signal for proposing a kind of SMA material is fed back by difference channel, but also construct a kind of energy
Enough blades of detection in time wave resonance so as to make the pitch-controlled system for having feedback of vane propeller-changing rapidly, reduce blade vibration suppression
When hysteresis quality, simplify wave resonance detection implementation process, increase blade wave resonance detection when sensitivity and essence
Exactness, reduces external applied load.
4th, in the present invention voltage signal that is fed back of SMA material by difference channel row into and transmitting, it is not necessary to access is outer
Portion's power supply, saves the energy, simplifies structure.Moreover, the pitch drive in the present invention uses AC servo motor, can be accurate
Electric impulse signal is converted to blade rotating angle, control is stablized.In addition, it is different from direct current generator of the prior art or hydraulic pressure system
System control, the servomotor that uses of the present invention can provide larger power, will not there are hydraulic system oil leak easily occurs
Phenomenon.
Brief description of the drawings
Attached drawing described herein is used for providing a further understanding of the present invention, forms the part of the present invention, this hair
Bright schematic description and description is used to explain the present invention, does not form inappropriate limitation of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is that the suppression wind energy conversion system based on SMA differential pressures feedback of the embodiment of the present invention waves the intelligent pitch-controlled system of resonance
Structure diagram；
Fig. 2 is the overall structure diagram of the wind energy conversion system of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the aerofoil section parameter schematic diagram of the intelligent blade of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the structure diagram of the intelligent blade of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the schematic cross-section of the intelligent blade of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the section SMA material burial place schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the difference channel composition schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the transfer process figure of the voltage signal of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is the control flow chart of the embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 10 is the schematic diagram of the independent pitch mechanism of the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Carry out the embodiment that the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawings and embodiments, thereby how the present invention is applied
Technological means solves technical problem and reaches the process of realizing of technical effect to fully understand and according to this implement.
Fig. 1 is that the suppression wind energy conversion system based on SMA differential pressures feedback of the embodiment of the present invention waves the intelligent pitch-controlled system of resonance
Structure diagram.Refering to what is shown in Fig. 1, the suppression wind energy conversion system based on SMA differential pressures feedback of the embodiment of the present invention waves resonance
Intelligent pitch-controlled system includes：Wind energy conversion system, signal transmission and processing unit, pitch control device and variable pitch executive device.Wherein, wind
Power machine includes pylon, the cabin being arranged on above pylon, is arranged on the wheel hub of cabin front end and is arranged on the outside of wheel hub and along wheel
The uniformly distributed multiple intelligent blades of hub；Retarder and electricity generation module are provided with cabin, during use, wind acts on intelligent blade
On, lift is provided for intelligent blade so that intelligent blade rotates, and then drives hub rotation, in the main shaft connection cabin in wheel hub
Electricity generation module generate electricity；The upper and lower of each intelligent blade are equipped with marmem SMA material, positioned at same
The SMA material of upper and lower interlayer in intelligent blade is connected by conducting wire；Each intelligent blade of wind energy conversion system is produced under Aerodynamic force action
Raw when waving displacement of blade tip, the SMA material for being arranged on the upper and lower interlayer of each intelligent blade produce differential pressure, signal transmission
The voltage signal from SMA material is received with processing unit and voltage signal is handled, and the voltage signal after processing is passed
Pitch control device is transported to, pitch control device judges the voltage signal after processing, and according to judging result to variable pitch
Executive device sends corresponding control instruction, and control is realized by change vane angle of the variable pitch executive device to each intelligent blade.
It is given below specific Application Example, in the present embodiment, pitch control device includes Siemens PAC, Siemens
PAC is used to judge the voltage signal after processing, and sends corresponding control to variable pitch executive device according to judging result
Instruction, control is realized by change vane angle of the variable pitch executive device to each intelligent blade.Referring to figs. 2 to shown in Figure 10, wind energy conversion system bag
Pylon 4 is included, the cabin 3 of the top of pylon 4 is arranged on, is arranged on the wheel hub 2 of 3 front end of cabin and is arranged on the outside of wheel hub 2 and along wheel
Three uniformly distributed intelligent blades 1 of hub 2.Retarder and electricity generation module are provided with cabin 3, during use, wind acts on intelligence
On blade 1, provide lift for intelligent blade 1 and intelligent blade is rotated, and then drive wheel hub 2 to rotate, the main shaft in wheel hub 2 connects
The electricity generation module to pick in cabin 3 generates electricity.The upper and lower of each intelligent blade 1 are equipped with SMA material, positioned at same intelligence
The SMA material of upper and lower interlayer on energy blade 1 is connected by conducting wire respectively, and upper and lower two groups respective SMA materials compositions in parallel are poor
Parallel circuit.SMA material full name is marmem.SMA material is being held in the case of permanent wind source, wind frequency non-selectivity
Temperature can raise when continuous resonance occurs, and two groups of parallel connection SMA materials produce voltage up and down at this time, and the magnitude of voltage of two groups of materials is not
Together, there are pressure difference, the voltage of levels is respectively G1 and G2, and the voltage difference of two voltages is G, this pressure difference is the feedback voltage that resonates,
Resonance feedback voltage is transferred to the voltage receiver IsoVuTm sensors being attached thereto by difference channel, anti-by resonating
Feedthrough voltage, Siemens's PAC controllers can precisely determine the relation between SMA material and resonance.
More specifically, the structure of each intelligent blade 1 is cavity stressed-skin construction, to strengthen the strength and stiffness of covering, each intelligence
Composite material can be also equipped with blade 1, composite material selects galss fiber reinforced resin, and ply sequence is circumferentially uniform for CUS
Symmetrical Stiffness Distribution mode, wing flapping choose θ=45 °~55 ° (otherwise this exports differential pressure jitter for that must select).
Composite material in each intelligent blade 1 is equipped with four layers.
The structure of each intelligent blade 1 is cavity stressed-skin construction, to strengthen the strength and stiffness of covering, in each intelligent blade 1
Composite material is also equipped with, composite material selects galss fiber reinforced resin, and ply sequence is the circumferential symmetrically rigidity point of CUS
Mode for cloth, wing flapping choose θ=45 °~55 ° (otherwise this exports differential pressure jitter for that must select).Each intelligent blade 1
On composite material be equipped with four layers.
SMA material is folded among composite material, in the middle position of composite material, in intelligent blade upper and lower pair
Claim array distribution, SMA material volume accounts for the 30 of intelligent blade annular distribution domain entities volume basis, and each SMA material is along intelligence
The length directional spreding of energy blade 1, the length of each SMA material account for the 90% of intelligent blade overall length.Specifically, each intelligent leaf
Piece 1 includes the leaf root part 13, transition portion 14 and the pneumatic part 15 that are sequentially connected, and the distribution of SMA material is from leaf root part
13 start to pneumatic part to terminate, and upper paved surface 16 of the SMA material in intelligent blade 1 with same intelligent blade 1
Lower paved surface 17 is using the string of a musical instrument of intelligent blade 1 as with reference to distribution symmetrical above and below.Embedding manners of the SMA in blade is specifically such as Fig. 6
Shown, SMA material 19 is embedded in the bilevel material burial place 18 of blade, and more SMA materials in upper and lower two layers are each
From composing in parallel two groups of circuits.The diameter d of single SMA material is：The physical dimension of d=h/3, h are blade layer as shown in Figure 6
Thickness 20.SMA material buries volume VsFor：Vs=VRing/ 3, V ring bury banding ring cumulative volume 21 for SMA material shown in Fig. 6.
Intelligent blade 1 is produced by Aerodynamic force action and waves resonance shift, i.e., intelligent blade 1 is perpendicular with Plane of rotation
Front and rear direction of vibration is done in plane to resonate.Resonance detection condition be：SMA material is in permanent wind source, wind frequency non-selectivity
In the case of, warming phenomenon can occur when resonance persistently occurs, two groups in upper paved surface 16 and lower paved surface 17 are in parallel at this time
SMA material produces voltage, and the magnitude of voltage of two groups of materials is different, and there are pressure difference, this pressure difference i.e. resonance feedback voltage.
Fig. 3 shows intelligent blade section parameter schematic diagram, is intelligent blade when wind speed 8 is acted in intelligent blade 1
1 provides aerodynamic force, and aeroeleastic deformation occurs for intelligent blade 1 itself while aerodynamic force is produced influences pneumatic masterpiece in turn
With, aerodynamic force includes aerodynamic lift 5 as depicted and aerodynamic drag 6, and intelligent blade 1 rotates in the Plane of rotation 7 of diagram,
With the perpendicular direction of Plane of rotation 7 to wave direction of displacement, the rotary speed direction 10 of intelligent blade 1 and the vector sum of wind speed 8 are
Relative wind velocity, is expressed as relative wind velocity angle 9, the angle that intelligent blade 1 deviates Plane of rotation 7 is to become vane angle 12, by varying change
Vane angle 12 will influence the angle of attack 11 and aerodynamic lift 5 and aerodynamic drag 6, and then reduce wind action power, and resonance is waved in reduction, rise
To the effect of blade protection.
Each intelligent blade 1 produces under Aerodynamic force action when waving resonance shift, and signal transmission is used to connect with processing unit
Receive be arranged on the pressure difference signal that SMA material between the upper and lower paved surface of each intelligent blade 1 produces and to the voltage signal at
Reason, the voltage signal after processing are transferred to pitch control device, and pitch control device includes Siemens PAC, and Siemens PAC is used
Voltage signal after to processing judges, and sends corresponding control instruction to variable pitch executive device according to judging result,
Control is realized to the change vane angle of each intelligent blade 1 by variable pitch executive device.
Specifically, signal transmission includes being responsible for difference channel, the IsoVuTm that voltage is collected and sent with processing unit
Sensor and filter and amplification module.Difference channel is arranged on the middle part of the transition portion of each intelligent blade 1, is come from for receiving
The voltage signal of SMA material, and carry out preliminary calculation process and calculate voltage difference, and the pressure difference signal is transmitted to and is arranged on respectively
The IsoVuTm sensors of the blade root 13 of intelligent blade 1, the voltage signal that IsoVuTm sensors transmit difference channel
Be transmitted through the fiber to filter and amplification module, filter and amplification module is arranged in wheel hub 2, filter and amplification module to pressure difference signal into
Line noise filter and signal enhanced processing.It should be noted that difference channel includes upper and lower SMA material difference two parts in parallel
Circuit, the differential signal are the voltage difference of the end-point voltage of upper and lower two parts circuit.Difference channel is passive circuit, and voltage comes
The voltage that itself is produced when resonating under these conditions from SMA material, difference channel only do preliminary difference operation processing, so its
Inputted without external power supply.
As above intelligent pitch-controlled system, wherein, it is stored with pitch control device for the voltage after contrast judgement processing
The whether normal setting value of signal and rated value, if the voltage signal after processing is more than setting value, pitch control device judges
It is excessive that intelligent blade waves displacement, and sends variable pitch signal to variable pitch executive device；If the voltage signal after processing is lasting and big
In rated value, then pitch control device judge intelligent blade produce amplitude it is unattenuated wave flutter, and to variable pitch executive device
Send variable pitch signal；If the voltage signal after processing is less than rated value and setting value, pitch control device judges intelligent blade
It is normal to wave displacement, pitch control device, to variable pitch executive device does not send variable pitch signal.
Specifically, pitch control device further includes A/D converter and D/A converter, A/D converters and filter and amplification module
It is connected, analog signals are converted into Siemens's PAC energy by the voltage signal after filtered amplification module processing by A/D converter
The digital quantity signal enough identified, when Siemens PAC is to variable pitch executive device transmission control instruction, the instruction is with digital quantity signal
Pattern is converted to analog signals to manipulate variable pitch executive device through D/A converter.
Siemens PAC is arranged on electric plates 27, easy to radiate.Electric plates are installed on hub interior.Deposited in Siemens PAC
Contain for the whether normal setting value of voltage signal after contrast judgement processing.
If the voltage signal after processing is more than setting value, Siemens PAC judges that intelligent blade 1 is waved direction and occurred altogether
Shake, and variable pitch signal is sent to variable pitch executive device, by varying 1 corner of intelligent blade to reduce aerodynamic loading；
If the voltage signal after processing is less than setting value, it is normal that Siemens PAC judges that intelligent blade 1 waves displacement, western
The sub- PAC of door will not send variable pitch signal, that is, attonity to variable pitch executive device.
Variable pitch executive device includes encoder, servomotor and independent pitch mechanism, and an intelligent blade 1 is correspondingly arranged one
Independent pitch mechanism is covered, the control instruction that Siemens PAC is sent is transferred to encoder, and encoder sends electric pulse to servo electricity
Machine acts servomotor, and each independent pitch mechanism includes driving gear 22 and ring gear 23, driving gear 22 and servo electricity
The output shaft of machine is connected, and ring gear 23 is arranged in wheel hub 2 and ring gear 23 leads to the engaged transmission of driving gear 22, servomotor
Crossing driving gear 22 drives ring gear 23 to rotate, so as to drive intelligent blade 1 to deflect.Every root of blade all corresponding with its one
A ring gear rigid connection.
The side of each ring gear 23 is both provided with non-contact displacement transducer 24, and non-contact displacement transducer 24 is used for
The angle that ring gear 23 rotates is detected, to determine that each intelligent blade 1 becomes the change of vane angle.Non-contact displacement transducer 24 and west
The sub- PAC of door is connected.After detecting that intelligent blade 1 deflects to specified angle, Siemens PAC control variable pitch executive devices stop dynamic
Make.
Siemens PAC is controlled according to the shift value that encoder is surveyed, and non-contact displacement transducer 24 is used as redundancy
The reference value of control, directly reflects the change at vane propeller-changing angle 12.When the number that encoder and non-contact displacement transducer are surveyed
When word is inconsistent, Siemens PAC judges that servo motor output shaft or encoder break down.
Variable pitch executive device further includes position-limit mechanism, and position-limit mechanism is approached including being arranged on two of each 23 side of ring gear
Switch 25, two are mutually perpendicular to close to the setting position of switch 25 and the line of 23 central point of ring gear.
Variable pitch executive device further includes arrestment mechanism, and arrestment mechanism includes relay, electromagnet and is arranged on each ring gear
The spragging gear 26 of 23 sides.When wind energy conversion system works normally, it is electric that Siemens PAC controls relay to obtain, and brakes electromagnetic actuation
Gear 26, spragging gear 26 bounce back, and intelligent blade 1 runs well；When intelligent blade 1 needs braking or intelligent pitch-controlled system to occur
During failure, Siemens PAC control relay electric-loss, electromagnet can not be attracted spragging gear 26, and spragging gear 26 is ejected and braked
The external tooth of gear 26 is caught in ring gear 23, so as to prevent the rotation of intelligent blade 1.Relay is fixed on electric plates 27,
Just it is integrally fixed inside wheel hub 2, relay is connected by conducting wire with controller.Relay controls the movement of electromagnet, electromagnet
Outer end is connected with spragging gear 26, when relay obtains it is electric when, electromagnetic actuation, spragging gear 26 shrink does not work, work as wind-force
When machine failure dead electricity or controller send brake signal so that relay electric-loss and the spragging gear for releasing electromagnet outer end
26, spragging gear is not rotated with still spragging gear 26 is engaged with ring gear 23, so that the leaf being connected with ring gear 23
Piece is braked.
In conclusion the suppression wind energy conversion system disclosed by the invention based on SMA differential pressures feedback waves the intelligent variable pitch system of resonance
System includes intelligent blade and variable pitch part, and be equipped with intelligent blade induction blade can wave resonance under certain condition
SMA material；Variable pitch part includes signal transmission and processing unit, pitch control device and variable pitch executive device.Intelligent blade exists
When persistently generation blade waves direction resonance, SMA material produces differential pressure signal because of itself material property, signal transmission and place
Reason device is used to receive the voltage signal, and the voltage signal after processing is transferred to pitch control device, pitch control device pair
The voltage signal is judged, and it is judged that result is held to the corresponding control instruction of variable pitch executive device transmission by variable pitch
Luggage, which is put, realizes intelligent blade pitch control.The present invention can reduce the hysteresis quality of blade resonance suppression, simplify and wave resonance detection
Implementation process, increase blade wave sensitivity and the accuracy of resonance detection.
Some preferred embodiments of the present invention have shown and described in described above, but as previously described, it should be understood that the present invention
Be not limited to form disclosed herein, be not to be taken as the exclusion to other embodiment, and available for various other combinations,
Modification and environment, and can be changed in contemplated scope of the present invention by the technology or knowledge of above-mentioned teaching or association area
It is dynamic., then all should be appended by the present invention and changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention
In scope of the claims.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of suppression wind energy conversion system based on SMA differential pressures feedback waves the intelligent pitch-controlled system of resonance, it is characterised in that including：
Wind energy conversion system, signal transmission and processing unit, pitch control device and variable pitch executive device；
The wind energy conversion system includes pylon, the cabin being arranged on above pylon, is arranged on the wheel hub of cabin front end and is arranged on wheel hub
Outside and along the uniformly distributed multiple intelligent blades of wheel hub；Retarder and electricity generation module are provided with cabin, during use, wind effect
In intelligent blade, lift is provided for intelligent blade so that intelligent blade rotates, and then drives hub rotation, the main shaft in wheel hub
Electricity generation module in connection cabin generates electricity；The upper and lower of each intelligent blade are equipped with marmem SMA materials
Material, the SMA material of the upper and lower interlayer in same intelligent blade are connected by conducting wire；
Each intelligent blade of wind energy conversion system produces when waving displacement of blade tip under Aerodynamic force action, is arranged on each intelligent blade
The SMA material of upper and lower interlayer produce differential pressure, signal transmission and processing unit voltage signal of the reception from SMA material are simultaneously right
The voltage signal is handled, and the voltage signal after processing is transferred to pitch control device, and pitch control device is to processing
Voltage signal afterwards is judged, and sends corresponding control instruction to variable pitch executive device according to judging result, passes through variable pitch
Change vane angle of the executive device to each intelligent blade realizes control.
2. intelligence pitch-controlled system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the structure of each intelligent blade is cavity covering knot
Structure, the composite material as matrix is also equipped with each intelligent blade, and composite material selects galss fiber reinforced resin, each intelligence
Composite material on blade is equipped with multilayer, and ply sequence is the circumferential symmetrically Stiffness Distribution modes of CUS, and wing flapping is chosen
θ=45 °~55 °.
3. intelligence pitch-controlled system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the SMA material is folded in composite material
Middle position, is distributed in intelligent blade upper and lower symmetric array, and SMA material volume accounts for intelligent blade annular distribution domain entities
The 30 of volume basis, and length directional spreding of the SMA material along intelligent blade, the length of SMA material account for intelligent blade overall length
90%.
4. intelligence pitch-controlled system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the signal transmission includes with processing unit
SMA difference channels, IsoVuTm sensing receivers and filter and amplification module；SMA difference channels are arranged on the transition of each intelligent blade
Partial middle part, for receiving the voltage signal from SMA material, and carries out preliminary calculation process and calculates voltage difference, and will
Pressure difference signal is transmitted to the IsoVuTm sensors for the blade root for being arranged on each intelligent blade；IsoVuTm sensors are by SMA difference
The pressure difference signal that circuit transmission comes is transmitted through the fiber to filter and amplification module, and filter and amplification module is arranged in wheel hub, filter
Ripple amplification module is to pressure difference signal into line noise filter and signal enhanced processing.
5. intelligence pitch-controlled system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that be stored with and be used in the pitch control device
The whether normal setting value of voltage signal and rated value after processing described in contrast judgement, if the voltage signal after the processing is big
In the setting value, then it is excessive to judge that intelligent blade waves displacement for pitch control device, and sends variable pitch to variable pitch executive device
Signal；If the voltage signal after the processing continues and is more than the rated value, pitch control device judges intelligent blade production
Raw amplitude it is unattenuated wave flutter, and send variable pitch signal to variable pitch executive device；If the voltage signal after the processing is small
In the rated value and setting value, then it is normal to judge that intelligent blade waves displacement for pitch control device, pitch control device not, to
Variable pitch executive device sends variable pitch signal.
6. it is according to claim 1 intelligence pitch-controlled system, it is characterised in that the variable pitch executive device include encoder,
Servomotor and independent pitch mechanism, each intelligent blade are correspondingly arranged a set of independent pitch mechanism, and pitch control device is sent
Control instruction be transferred to encoder, encoder, which sends electric pulse to servomotor, acts servomotor, each independence
Blade pitch device includes driving gear and ring gear, and driving gear is connected with the output shaft of servomotor, and ring gear is arranged on wheel
In hub, wheel hub root is fixed on, and ring gear and driving gear engaged transmission, in servomotor is driven by driving gear
Ring gear against rotation, so as to drive intelligent blade to rotate.
7. intelligence pitch-controlled system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the side of each ring gear is both provided with non-contact
Formula displacement sensor, non-contact displacement transducer is used for the angle for detecting ring gear rotation, to determine each intelligent blade variable pitch
The change at angle；The non-contact displacement transducer is connected with pitch control device, when encoder and contactless displacement sense
Device surveyed it is digital inconsistent when, pitch control device judges that servo motor output shaft or encoder break down.
8. intelligence pitch-controlled system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the variable pitch executive device further includes position restrainer
Structure, position-limit mechanism include two close switches for being arranged on each ring gear side, two close setting positions switched and internal tooth
The line of circle center point is mutually perpendicular to.
9. intelligence pitch-controlled system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the variable pitch executive device further includes brake
Structure, arrestment mechanism include relay, electromagnet and the spragging gear for being arranged on each ring gear side；When wind energy conversion system works normally,
It is electric that pitch control device controls relay to obtain, and makes electromagnetic actuation spragging gear, spragging gear retraction, and intelligent blade is normally transported
Turn；When intelligent blade needs to brake or intelligent pitch-controlled system breaks down, pitch control device control relay electric-loss, electromagnetism
Iron can not be attracted spragging gear, and spragging gear ejects and the external tooth of spragging gear is caught in ring gear, and then prevents intelligent blade
Rotate.
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| CN201711210993.5A CN108005848B (en) | 2017-11-28 | 2017-11-28 | Inhibition wind energy conversion system based on SMA differential pressure feedback waves the intelligent pitch-controlled system of resonance |
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| CN112431717A (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2021-03-02 | 山东科技大学 | Unified variable pitch system and method for blades of small wind turbine |
| EP3848573A1 (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2021-07-14 | General Electric Company | Methods for manufacturing blade structures |
| US11441545B2 (en) | 2020-02-25 | 2022-09-13 | General Electric Company | Tungsten-based erosion-resistant leading edge protection cap for rotor blades |
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| CN112431717B (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2021-11-26 | 山东科技大学 | Unified variable pitch system and method for blades of small wind turbine |
| CN117685179A (en) * | 2024-01-31 | 2024-03-12 | 安徽容知日新科技股份有限公司 | Fan variable pitch system monitoring method, monitoring equipment and storage medium |
| CN117685179B (en) * | 2024-01-31 | 2024-04-19 | 安徽容知日新科技股份有限公司 | Fan variable pitch system monitoring method, monitoring equipment and storage medium |
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