CN103698063B - A kind of wind generator set blade load-measuring device and measuring method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of wind generator set blade load-measuring device and measuring method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The wind power generating set load-measuring device of one of the present invention, it comprises at least three Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Arrays, a demodulation module and a load data processing module; Each Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Array is in series successively by least four fiber-optic grating sensor groups, each fiber-optic grating sensor group is by a strain transducer and temperature sensor composition, strain transducer is being subject to the dependent variable under load condition for measuring blade, and temperature sensor is used for the strain transducer temperature drift that compensate for ambient temperature variation causes; Demodulation module is used for converting the signal of strain transducer, temperature sensor to corresponding strain value and temperature value respectively; Load data processing module integrated load algorithm, processes the strain value of each measurement point and temperature value, converts blade to and waves moment of flexure and shimmy moment of flexure and export to wind generating set pitch control apart from control system or master control system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wind-power electricity generation monitoring field, particularly relate to one and be applied to wind generator set blade load-measuring device and measuring method thereof.
Background technology
Cost of wind power generation is the principal element of restriction wind power industry development, in order to reduce kilowatt hour cost of electricity-generating, the blade of wind-driven generator size of design is increasing, and blades of large-scale wind driven generator diameter has reached more than hundred meters, and individual blade weight reaches tens tons, in the region that blade is inswept, owing to affecting by factors such as landform, wind speed is unbalanced, causes blade wind load uneven, overtired and the wind-power electricity generation machine vibration of easy generation blade, reduces generating efficiency.Therefore, the load understanding wind blade is in real time extremely important, and understanding the health Evaluation that blade loading situation is not only blade in time provides important parameter, simultaneously also can for wind generating set pitch control is apart from controlling provide foundation.When the load that blade is subject to is larger, front face area reduction can be realized by becoming the operations such as oar, thus reduce blade wind load, reduce the unfavorable factors such as the damage moment of flexure of blade.
Aerogenerator is usually operated at the remote districts of bad environments, and electromagnetic environment is complicated, requires higher to sensing measurement system.The features such as fiber-optic grating sensor has electromagnetism interference, and reliability is high, long service life, are applicable to the health monitoring of wind blade very much.
The load of blade becomes corresponding relation with the degree of crook of root of blade, can calculate magnitude of load suffered by blade by the dependent variable detecting root of blade.But also seldom there is the special load monitoring sensor being applicable to wind power generation blade at present, common resistance strain is in the rugged surroundings of wind-power electricity generation as thunderbolt, and salt fog, easily lost efficacy under the situation such as high temperature difference round the clock, this kind of sensor wiring is complicated simultaneously, is not easy to Large Copacity networking and measures.Fibre Optical Sensor has electromagnetism interference, corrosion-resistant, is easy to the advantages such as multiplexing networking measurement, becomes the first-selection of wind generator set blade load monitoring.Usually be installed on Blade measuring point by surface mount mode after fibre-optic sensor package, therefore, this sensor package material needs identical with blade material characteristic, reduces the transmission error of strain measurement to the full extent, increases reliability and serviceable life simultaneously.The blade material of current Large-scale Wind Turbines all adopts the glass fibre reinforced composion with high-strength light feature to make, and the sensor therefore adopting glass fiber material encapsulation to have similar mechanical characteristic is of great significance.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the defect existed for above-mentioned background technology, provide one can effectively and Measurement accuracy wind generator set blade load-measuring device and measuring method thereof.
For achieving the above object, one of the present invention is to provide a kind of wind generator set blade load-measuring device, and it comprises: at least three Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Arrays, a demodulation module and a load data processing module; Each Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Array is installed in the internal circular surfaces of wind generator set blade root, and each Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Array is in series successively by least four fiber-optic grating sensor groups, each fiber-optic grating sensor group is by a strain transducer and temperature sensor composition, strain transducer is for measuring blade in the dependent variable by correspondence under load condition, and temperature sensor is used for the strain transducer temperature drift that compensate for ambient temperature variation causes; In each Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Array, at least two sensors group is arranged on blade windward side, and separately at least two sensors group is arranged on the lee face of blade; Demodulation module is used for converting the signal of strain transducer, temperature sensor to corresponding strain value and temperature value respectively; Load data processing module integrated load algorithm, processes the strain value of each measurement point and temperature value, converts blade to and waves moment of flexure and shimmy moment of flexure and export to wind generating set pitch control apart from control system or master control system.
The present invention's two is the measuring method providing a kind of wind generator set blade load, and it comprises: step 1: by blade root radius R
inwith blade root sensor, the bendind rigidity parameters input load data processing module in cross section is installed;
Step 2: demodulation module is strained Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Array measurement and ambient temperature data is sent to load data processing module, the dependent variable data of load data processing module to each measurement point carry out temperature compensation, obtain the dependent variable ε that root of blade windward side strain transducer records
ps, the dependent variable ε that records of lee face strain transducer
ss, the dependent variable ε that records of leading edge strain transducer
leand the dependent variable ε that trailing edge strain transducer records
te;
Step 3: load data processing module utilizes the R obtained
in, bendind rigidity, ε
psand ε
sswhat calculate root of blade windward side and lee face waves moment of flexure, and specific formula for calculation is:
M
yps=EI_flat* ε
ps/ R
in,
M
yss=EI_flat* ε
ss/ R
in(wherein, EI_flat waves direction bendind rigidity under chord length coordinate system);
Step 4: load data processing module is to M
yps, M
ysscalculate as follows: M
y=(M
yps-M
yss)/2, what obtain blade waves moment of flexure;
Step 5: the M that load data processing module utilizes step 4 to obtain
ycalculate the shimmy moment M that blade root is positioned at leading edge strain transducer and trailing edge strain transducer position respectively
xle, M
xte, specific formula for calculation is:
The shimmy moment of flexure calculated by leading edge strain transducer data measured is
The shimmy moment of flexure calculated by trailing edge strain transducer data measured is
Wherein, α represents nearby trailing edge strain transducer paste position and circle center line connecting and the angle between front and rear edge and circle center line connecting, and EI_edge is shimmy direction bendind rigidity under chord length coordinate system;
Step 6: load data processing module is to M
xte, M
xlecalculate as follows: M
x=(M
xte-M
xle)/2;
Step 7: the M that load data processing module will obtain in step 4
yand the M obtained in step 6
xsend wind generating set pitch control to apart from control system or master control system.
In sum, the strain transducer that a kind of wind generator set blade load-measuring device of the present invention and measuring method thereof are made at loading characteristic and the employing fiber grating according to wind generator set blade has electromagnetism interference, corrosion-resistant, be easy to, on the basis of the features such as multiplexing networking measurement, the calculating of wind generator set blade load to be realized exactly.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of a kind of wind generator set blade load-measuring device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the simplified diagram of a wherein fiber-optic grating sensor group of a kind of wind generator set blade load-measuring device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 be the measuring method being applied to a kind of wind generator set blade load of the present invention its root of blade one xsect from blade root to blade tip direction of wind power generating set in the installation site schematic diagram of each sensor panel on root of blade inwall.
Embodiment
By describing technology contents of the present invention, structural attitude in detail, being reached object and effect, hereby exemplify embodiment below and coordinate accompanying drawing to be explained in detail.
Refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, a kind of wind generator set blade load-measuring device of the present invention comprises at least three Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Arrays, a demodulation module and a load data processing module.
Each Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Array is installed in the internal circular surfaces of wind generator set blade root, and each Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Array is in series successively by least four fiber-optic grating sensor groups, each fiber-optic grating sensor group is by a strain transducer and temperature sensor composition.Each fiber-optic grating sensor group is by a strain transducer and temperature sensor composition, strain transducer is for measuring blade in the dependent variable by correspondence under load condition, and temperature sensor is used for the strain transducer temperature drift that compensate for ambient temperature variation causes; In each Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Array, at least two sensors group is arranged on blade windward side, and separately at least two sensors group is arranged on the lee face of blade.The strain transducer made because utilizing fiber grating is to the special sensitivity characteristic of load be carried on wind-power electricity generation group blade, and strain transducer output optical signal data can change along with the load change being carried in wind generator set blade measurement point.
Demodulation module is used for converting the signal of strain transducer, temperature sensor to corresponding strain value and temperature value respectively.
Optical fibre interrogation module is arranged in the wheel hub of wind power generating set.
Load data processing module integrated load algorithm, processes the strain value of each measurement point and temperature value, converts blade to and waves moment of flexure and shimmy moment of flexure and export to wind generating set pitch control apart from control system or master control system
The distance L in the cross section and blade root cross section that are inside equiped with the erecting of panel position of strain transducer and temperature sensor any one value that to be scope be in 0.5m ~ 2.5m, the target of choosing of installing sectional position is wind generator set blade blade root circular section and avoids blade root fastenings structure.
Please continue and consult Fig. 3, whole blade is by windward side and lee face two housing sections matched moulds is bonding forms, and matched moulds seam position distinguishes over front and rear edge position.The leeward face-piece body capital S S of blade represents, housing capital P S in windward side represents.In Fig. 3, blade root aerofoil section chord length is divided into PS and SS root of blade cross section symmetry.
Measurement point (A, C) is respectively through the center of circle and the intersection point of the straight line vertical with blade root aerofoil section chord length and cross section inner circle; Point B, D are respectively the intersection point of chord length and inner circle.
If measurement point (B, D) does not stitch position with matched moulds and overlaps, so a panel is installed respectively by measurement point (A, B, C, D) 4 place, and erecting of panel is on the inwall of blade, and parallel with sharf.If measurement point (B, D) stitches with matched moulds and overlaps, the stress that matched moulds seam position cannot be avoided to exist is concentrated, therefore the commissure α angle that wherein two relative fiber-optic grating sensor groups need depart from blade is installed, deviation angle (setting angle) α scope is 10 ° ~ 20 °, for being arranged on the fiber-optic grating sensor group of measurement point (B, D) 2 in this specific embodiment.Meanwhile, measurement point (A, B, C, D) everywhere mounting temperature sensor be in order to eliminate cause because of variation of ambient temperature strain transducer measured value drift.For ease of describing, ad hoc fixed: fiber-optic grating sensor group called after the first, the 3rd fiber-optic grating sensor group being arranged on measurement point (A, C) 2 place; Be arranged on fiber-optic grating sensor group called after the second, the 4th fiber-optic grating sensor group at measurement point (B, D) 2 place, namely the second, the 4th fiber-optic grating sensor group needs the commissure α angle departing from blade to install, and deviation angle (setting angle) α scope is 10 ° ~ 20 °.
The measuring method of a kind of wind generator set blade load of the present invention, mainly through strain measurement result calculate blade root bear and wave moment of flexure and shimmy moment of flexure under chord length coordinate system, a kind of wind power generating set load measurement method of the present invention comprises:
Step 1: by blade root radius R
inwith blade root sensor, the bendind rigidity parameters input load data processing module in cross section is installed;
In step 1, because blade producer exists inexactness to blade root inner circle all directions diameter control, the mode that in being intersected by same blade root place two, circular diameter is averaging radius obtains R
in.Particularly, in this specific embodiment, the mode being averaging radius by circular diameter in the blade root that measurement point (A, C) is corresponding with (B, D) position obtains R
in;
Step 2: demodulation module is strained Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Array measurement and ambient temperature data is sent to load data processing module, load data processing module carries out temperature compensation to the data of each measurement point, obtains the dependent variable ε that root of blade windward side strain transducer records
ps, the dependent variable ε that records of lee face strain transducer
ss, the dependent variable ε that records of leading edge strain transducer
leand the dependent variable ε that trailing edge strain transducer records
te;
Particularly, in this step 2, the optical wavelength signal that the Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Array measurement being embedded in root of blade obtains changes with the change of the load be carried on blade, and the variable signal of the optical wavelength of Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Array feeding is converted to the dependent variable ε that corresponding blade windward side strain transducer records by demodulation module further
ps, the dependent variable ε that records of lee face strain transducer
ss, the dependent variable ε that records of leading edge strain transducer
leand the dependent variable ε that trailing edge strain transducer records
te,
Meanwhile, need it should be noted that in step 2, dependent variable ε
ps, ε
ss, ε
le, ε
tedraw after the impact getting rid of temperature pair of strain sensors;
In step 2, load data processing module deducts the temperature drift amount of corresponding point by the strain data of concrete measurement point mode to each measurement point carries out temperature compensation;
Step 3: load data processing module utilizes the R obtained
in, bendind rigidity, ε
psand ε
sswhat calculate root of blade windward side and lee face waves moment of flexure, and specific formula for calculation is: M
yps=EI_flat* ε
ps/ R
in, M
yss=EI_flat* ε
ss/ R
in(wherein, EI_flat waves direction bendind rigidity under chord length coordinate system);
Step 4: load data processing module is to M
yps, M
ysscalculate as follows: M
y=(M
yps-M
yss)/2, and obtain blade wave moment of flexure;
Step 5: the M that load data processing module utilizes step 4 to obtain
ycalculate the shimmy moment M that blade root is in leading edge strain transducer position and is in trailing edge strain transducer position respectively
xle, M
xte, specific formula for calculation is:
The shimmy moment of flexure calculated by leading edge strain transducer data measured is
The shimmy moment of flexure calculated by trailing edge strain transducer data measured is
Wherein, α represents nearby trailing edge strain transducer paste position and circle center line connecting and the angle between front and rear edge and circle center line connecting, and EI_edge is shimmy direction bendind rigidity under chord length coordinate system;
Step 6: load data processing module is to M
xte, M
xlecalculate as follows: M
x=(M
xte-M
xle)/2;
Step 7: the M that load data processing module will obtain in step 4
yand the M obtained in step 6
xsend wind generating set pitch control to apart from control system or master control system.
Needs particularly point out, in steps of 5, when α=0 i.e. strain transducer is just in time at front and rear edge: the shimmy moment of flexure calculated by leading edge strain transducer data measured is M
xle=-EI_edge* ε
le/ R
in, the shimmy moment of flexure calculated by trailing edge strain transducer data measured is M
xte=EI_edge* ε
te/ R
in.
In sum, the strain transducer that a kind of wind generator set blade load-measuring device of the present invention and measuring method thereof are made at loading characteristic and the employing fiber grating according to wind generator set blade has electromagnetism interference, corrosion-resistant, be easy to, on the basis of the features such as multiplexing networking measurement, the calculating of wind generator set blade load to be realized exactly.
Above-described technical scheme is only the preferred embodiment of a kind of wind generator set blade load-measuring device of the present invention and measuring method thereof, and any equivalent transformation of doing on a kind of wind generator set blade load-measuring device of the present invention and measuring method basis thereof or replacement are included within the scope of the claim of this patent.
Claims (5)
1. a load measurement method for wind generator set blade load-measuring device, comprises
Step 1: by blade root radius R
inwith blade root sensor, the bendind rigidity parameters input load data processing module in cross section is installed;
Step 2: demodulation module is strained Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Array measurement and ambient temperature data is sent to load data processing module, the dependent variable data of load data processing module to each measurement point carry out temperature compensation, obtain the dependent variable ε that root of blade windward side strain transducer records
ps, the dependent variable ε that records of lee face strain transducer
ss, the dependent variable ε that records of leading edge strain transducer
leand the dependent variable ε that trailing edge strain transducer records
te;
Step 3: load data processing module utilizes R
in, bendind rigidity, ε
psand ε
sswhat calculate root of blade windward side and lee face waves moment of flexure, and specific formula for calculation is:
M
yps=EI_flat* ε
ps/ R
in,
M
yss=EI_flat* ε
ss/ R
in(wherein, EI_flat waves direction bendind rigidity under chord length coordinate system);
Step 4: load data processing module is to M
yps, M
ysscalculate as follows:
M
y=(M
yps-M
yss)/2, and obtain blade wave moment of flexure;
Step 5: the M that load data processing module utilizes step 4 to obtain
ycalculate the shimmy moment M that blade root is in leading edge strain transducer position and is in trailing edge strain transducer position respectively
xle, M
xte, specific formula for calculation is:
The shimmy moment of flexure calculated by leading edge strain transducer data measured is
The shimmy moment of flexure calculated by trailing edge strain transducer data measured is
Wherein, α represents nearby trailing edge strain transducer paste position and circle center line connecting and the angle between front and rear edge and circle center line connecting, and EI_edge is shimmy direction bendind rigidity under chord length coordinate system;
Step 6: load data processing module is to M
xte, M
xlecalculate as follows:
M
x＝(M
xte-M
xle)/2；
Step 7: the M that load data processing module will obtain in step 4
yand the M obtained in step 6
xsend wind generating set pitch control to apart from control system or master control system.
2. the load measurement method of a kind of wind generator set blade load-measuring device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step 1, and the mode that in being intersected by same blade root place two, circular diameter is averaging radius obtains R
in, namely
3. the load measurement method of a kind of wind generator set blade load-measuring device according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the distance L in the cross section and blade root cross section that are equiped with the erecting of panel position of strain transducer and temperature sensor any one value that to be scope be in 0.5m ~ 2.5m, the target of choosing of installing sectional position is wind generator set blade blade root circular section and avoids blade root fastenings structure.
4. the load measurement method of a kind of wind generator set blade load-measuring device according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the commissure α angle that wherein two relative fiber-optic grating sensor groups need depart from blade is installed, and deviation angle α scope is 10 ° ~ 20 °.
5. the load measurement method of a kind of wind generator set blade load-measuring device according to any one of claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that: in step 2, load data processing module deducts the temperature drift amount of corresponding point by the strain data of concrete measurement point mode to each measurement point carries out temperature compensation.
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