CN108005848B - Inhibition wind energy conversion system based on SMA differential pressure feedback waves the intelligent pitch-controlled system of resonance - Google Patents
Inhibition wind energy conversion system based on SMA differential pressure feedback waves the intelligent pitch-controlled system of resonance Download PDFInfo
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- CN108005848B CN108005848B CN201711210993.5A CN201711210993A CN108005848B CN 108005848 B CN108005848 B CN 108005848B CN 201711210993 A CN201711210993 A CN 201711210993A CN 108005848 B CN108005848 B CN 108005848B
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
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- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
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- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000004451 qualitative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/022—Adjusting aerodynamic properties of the blades
- F03D7/0224—Adjusting blade pitch
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
- F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D15/00—Transmission of mechanical power
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D3/06—Rotors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/0244—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor for braking
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
- F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/728—Onshore wind turbines
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
Abstract
The intelligent pitch-controlled system that inhibition wind energy conversion system based on SMA differential pressure feedback of the invention waves resonance includes wind energy conversion system, signal transmission and processing unit, pitch control device and variable pitch executive device.The upper and lower of pneumatic equipment bladess are equipped with marmem SMA material, and the SMA material of the upper and lower interlayer on same blade is connected by conducting wire；Pneumatic equipment bladess generate when waving displacement of blade tip, the SMA material that the upper and lower interlayer of blade is arranged in generates differential pressure, output voltage signal, signal transmission and processing unit handle voltage signal, treated, and voltage signal is transferred to pitch control device, to treated, voltage signal carries out judgement and according to judging result to variable pitch executive device transmission control instruction to pitch control device, realizes the control to pneumatic equipment bladess variable pitch angle.The system of the application can reduce the hysteresis quality that pneumatic equipment bladess resonance inhibits, and simplify and wave resonance detection implementation process, increase sensitivity and accuracy that blade waves resonance detection.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to wind-driven generator control technology fields, specifically, being related to a kind of suppression based on SMA differential pressure feedback
Wind energy conversion system processed waves the intelligent pitch-controlled system of resonance.
Background technique
In recent years, new energy technology has been greatly developed, especially wind technology and Wind energy extraction mechanical aspects.Wind
Power machine under external force or resonates, once wind energy conversion system resonates, then can cause pole to wind energy conversion system in a very short period of time
Big damage.What resonance occurred is usually reason are as follows: under the excitation of permanent wind source active force, the intrinsic frequency of wind energy conversion system and outer effect
When power intrinsic frequency is close, amplitude suddenly increases.
Generally consider that aerodynamic force is used as main outer active force, the master undertaken by aerodynamic loading by blade under these conditions
Load source is wanted, and direction and size are easy mutation, are difficult qualitative analysis, it is easy to external applied load frequency and blade exciting frequency occur
Rate or the close situation of certain rank intrinsic frequency, once this thing happens, blade will resonate, and blade amplitude is anxious when resonance
Increase severely big, easily causes blade damage.So pneumatic equipment bladess how to be avoided to resonate under external load function, become one
Urgent problem to be solved.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of inhibition wind based on SMA differential pressure feedback
Power machine waves the intelligent pitch-controlled system of resonance, when waving resonance generation to simplify to reduce hysteresis quality when blade vibration inhibits
The implementation process of displacement detecting increases sensitivity and accuracy when blade waves resonance shift detection.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the invention discloses a kind of inhibition wind energy conversion systems based on SMA differential pressure feedback to wave altogether
The intelligent pitch-controlled system of vibration characterized by comprising wind energy conversion system, signal transmission and processing unit, pitch control device and variable pitch
Executive device；
The wind energy conversion system includes that pylon, the cabin being arranged in above pylon, the wheel hub that cabin front end is arranged in and setting exist
Wheel hub outside and the multiple intelligent blades uniformly distributed along wheel hub；It is provided with retarder and electricity generation module in cabin, in use process, wind
It acts in intelligent blade, provides lift for intelligent blade and intelligent blade is rotated, and then drive hub rotation, in wheel hub
Electricity generation module in main shaft connection cabin generates electricity；The upper and lower of each intelligent blade are equipped with marmem
The SMA material of SMA material, the upper and lower interlayer in same intelligent blade is connected by conducting wire；
Each intelligent blade of wind energy conversion system generates when waving displacement of blade tip under Aerodynamic force action, is arranged in each intelligence
The SMA material of the upper and lower interlayer of blade generates differential pressure, and signal transmission receives the voltage signal from SMA material with processing unit
And the voltage signal is handled, treated, and voltage signal is transferred to pitch control device, pitch control device pair
Treated, and voltage signal is judged, and sends corresponding control instruction to variable pitch executive device according to judging result, is passed through
Variable pitch executive device realizes control to the variable pitch angle of each intelligent blade.
Intelligence pitch-controlled system as described above, wherein the structure of each intelligent blade is cavity stressed-skin construction, each intelligent blade
On be also equipped with composite material as matrix, composite material selects galss fiber reinforced resin, compound in each intelligent blade
Material is equipped with multilayer, and ply sequence is the circumferential symmetrically Stiffness Distribution mode of CUS, and wing flapping chooses θ=45 °~55 °.
Intelligence pitch-controlled system as described above, wherein the SMA material is folded in the middle position of composite material,
The distribution of intelligent blade upper and lower symmetric array, SMA material volume account for the three of intelligent blade annular distribution domain entities volume basis
Ten, and SMA material, along the length directional spreding of intelligent blade, the length of SMA material accounts for the 90% of intelligent blade overall length.
Intelligence pitch-controlled system as described above, wherein the signal transmission and processing unit include SMA difference channel,
IsoVuTm sensing receiver and filter and amplification module；The middle part of the transition portion of each intelligent blade is arranged in SMA difference channel,
For receiving the voltage signal from SMA material, and carries out preliminary calculation process and calculate voltage difference, and pressure difference signal is transmitted
To the IsoVuTm sensor for the blade root that each intelligent blade is arranged in；IsoVuTm sensor transmits SMA difference channel
Pressure difference signal be transmitted through the fiber to filter and amplification module, filter and amplification module is arranged in wheel hub, filter and amplification module pair
Pressure difference signal carries out noise filtering and signal enhanced processing.
Intelligence pitch-controlled system as described above, wherein be stored in the pitch control device for described in contrast judgement
Treated the whether normal setting value of voltage signal and rated value, if described, treated that voltage signal is greater than the setting
Value, then it is excessive to determine that intelligent blade waves displacement for pitch control device, and sends variable pitch signal to variable pitch executive device；If described
Treated, and voltage signal continues and is greater than the rated value, then it is unattenuated to determine that intelligent blade generates amplitude for pitch control device
Wave flutter, and send variable pitch signal to variable pitch executive device；If treated the voltage signal is less than the rated value
And setting value, then it is normal to determine that intelligent blade waves displacement for pitch control device, pitch control device not, to variable pitch executive device
Send variable pitch signal.
Intelligence pitch-controlled system as described above, wherein the variable pitch executive device includes encoder, servo motor and independence
Blade pitch device, each intelligent blade are correspondingly arranged a set of independent pitch mechanism, and the control instruction that pitch control device is sent is passed
Encoder is transported to, encoder, which sends electric pulse to servo motor, acts servo motor, and each independent pitch mechanism includes
Driving gear and ring gear, driving gear are connected with the output shaft of servo motor, and ring gear is arranged in wheel hub, are fixed on wheel hub
Root, and ring gear and driving gear engaged transmission, servo motor drives ring gear to rotate by driving gear, thus band
Dynamic intelligent blade rotation.
Intelligence pitch-controlled system as described above, wherein the side of each ring gear is provided with non-contact displacement transducer,
Non-contact displacement transducer is used to detect the angle of ring gear rotation, with the variation at each intelligent blade variable pitch of determination angle；It is described
Non-contact displacement transducer is connected with pitch control device, when the number that encoder and non-contact displacement transducer are surveyed not
When consistent, pitch control device determines that servo motor output shaft or encoder break down.
Intelligence pitch-controlled system as described above, wherein the variable pitch executive device further includes position-limit mechanism, position-limit mechanism packet
Include two close switches that each ring gear side is set, the lines of two the setting positions and ring gear central point close to switch
It is mutually perpendicular to.
Intelligence pitch-controlled system as described above, wherein the variable pitch executive device further includes arrestment mechanism, arrestment mechanism packet
Include relay, electromagnet and the spragging gear that each ring gear side is set；When wind energy conversion system works normally, pitch control device control
Relay processed obtains electric, makes electromagnetic actuation spragging gear, spragging gear retraction, intelligent blade runs well；When intelligent blade needs
It brakes or when intelligent pitch-controlled system breaks down, pitch control device controls relay electric-loss, and electromagnet can not be attracted braking
The external tooth of gear, spragging gear pop-up and spragging gear is caught in ring gear, and then prevents the rotation of intelligent blade.
Compared with prior art, the present invention can obtain following technical effect:
1, the present invention passes through the shape of SMA material under certain aerodynamic conditions using the intelligent blade for being embedded with SMA material
It sells of one's property raw voltage difference and detects intelligent blade resonance indirectly, by carrying out signal transmission and processing to the pressure difference signal of generation
Afterwards, if being judged as resonance, and continued and may causing damage property, then drive variable pitch.The last handling process of pressure difference signal
And its debugging process is simply easily realized, and it is affected by environment it is small (ratio as can automatic shield extraneous magnetic field to avoid triggering malfunction
Make), because wind energy conversion system work geographical location the considerations of, and intelligent blade be flexible body, active time is longer, and blade material is needed to have
Preferable fatigue properties and corrosion resistance, material therefor of the present invention are just meeting this requirement；And SMA material external force unloading after,
Because of the pseudo- anamorphic effect of elasticity of itself, elastic deformation can quickly and completely restore, this be with the flexible nature of traditional material not
Together；Again because blade built-in materials renewal cost is very high, so can greatly reduce material loss cost using SMA material.So
The benefit embedded using SMA material is especially prominent.
2, the pitch control device in the present invention can detect intelligence by the differential voltage signal of processing SMA material in time
Can blade resonance and accurately judge whether to need to drive variable pitch.With need in the prior art blade surface be arranged sensor phase
Than the structure design in the present invention does not influence the overall structure and aerodynamic configuration of blade, and this patent is perceived using built-in SMA material
Resonance transmits voltage to IsoVuTm sensor by difference channel, belongs to non-cpntact measurement, simple and easy and enhance feedback
Signal and signal-to-noise ratio, high reliablity, control are simple.The service life that blade can be extended by reducing resonance vibration failure probability, from
And reduce cost.
3, resonance is waved the present invention is based on blade to inhibit, it is either permanent to be different from the constant speed that traditional maximum power obtains
Design principle on the basis of Power operation, the present invention are a kind of new method and new approaches of blade resonance active suppression, no
But the method that the embedded and voltage signal for proposing a kind of SMA material is fed back by difference channel, but also construct a kind of energy
Enough blades of detection in time wave resonance to make the pitch-controlled system for having feedback of vane propeller-changing rapidly, reduce blade vibration inhibition
When hysteresis quality, simplify wave resonance detection implementation process, increase blade wave resonance detection when sensitivity and essence
Exactness reduces external applied load.
4, in the present invention voltage signal that is fed back of SMA material by difference channel row at and transmitting, it is outer not need access
Portion's power supply, saves the energy, simplifies structure.Moreover, the pitch drive in the present invention uses AC servo motor, it can be accurate
Electric impulse signal is converted to blade rotating angle, control is stablized.In addition, being different from direct current generator in the prior art or hydraulic pressure system
System control, the servo motor that the present invention uses can provide biggish power, will not have hydraulic system and be easy to appear oil leak
The phenomenon that.
Detailed description of the invention
The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, constitutes a part of the invention, this hair
Bright illustrative embodiments and their description are used to explain the present invention, and are not constituted improper limitations of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is that the inhibition wind energy conversion system based on SMA differential pressure feedback of the embodiment of the present invention waves the intelligent pitch-controlled system of resonance
Structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the overall structure diagram of the wind energy conversion system of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the aerofoil section parameter schematic diagram of the intelligent blade of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the intelligent blade of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the schematic cross-section of the intelligent blade of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the section SMA material burial place schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the difference channel composition schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the transmission flow figure of the voltage signal of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is the control flow chart of the embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 10 is the schematic diagram of the independent pitch mechanism of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Carry out the embodiment that the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawings and embodiments, how the present invention is applied whereby
Technological means solves technical problem and reaches the realization process of technical effect to fully understand and implement.
Fig. 1 is that the inhibition wind energy conversion system based on SMA differential pressure feedback of the embodiment of the present invention waves the intelligent pitch-controlled system of resonance
Structural schematic diagram.Refering to what is shown in Fig. 1, the inhibition wind energy conversion system based on SMA differential pressure feedback of the embodiment of the present invention waves resonance
Intelligent pitch-controlled system includes: wind energy conversion system, signal transmission and processing unit, pitch control device and variable pitch executive device.Wherein, wind
Power machine includes pylon, the cabin being arranged in above pylon, the wheel hub that cabin front end is arranged in and is arranged on the outside of wheel hub and along wheel
The uniformly distributed multiple intelligent blades of hub；It is provided with retarder and electricity generation module in cabin, in use process, wind acts on intelligent blade
On, lift is provided for intelligent blade, intelligent blade is rotated, and then drive hub rotation, in the main shaft connection cabin in wheel hub
Electricity generation module generate electricity；The upper and lower of each intelligent blade are equipped with marmem SMA material, are located at same
The SMA material of upper and lower interlayer in intelligent blade is connected by conducting wire；Each intelligent blade of wind energy conversion system produces under Aerodynamic force action
Raw when waving displacement of blade tip, the SMA material that the upper and lower interlayer of each intelligent blade is arranged in generate differential pressure, signal transmission
The voltage signal from SMA material is received with processing unit and voltage signal is handled, and treated, and voltage signal is passed
Pitch control device is transported to, voltage signal judges pitch control device to treated, and according to judging result to variable pitch
Executive device sends corresponding control instruction, realizes control by variable pitch angle of the variable pitch executive device to each intelligent blade.
It is given below specific Application Example, in the present embodiment, pitch control device includes Siemens PAC, Siemens
PAC sends corresponding control to variable pitch executive device for voltage signal to judge to treated, and according to judging result
Instruction realizes control by variable pitch angle of the variable pitch executive device to each intelligent blade.Referring to figs. 2 to shown in Figure 10, wind energy conversion system packet
Pylon 4, the cabin 3 that 4 top of pylon is set, the wheel hub 2 that 3 front end of cabin is set and setting are included in 2 outside of wheel hub and along wheel
Three uniformly distributed intelligent blades 1 of hub 2.It is provided with retarder and electricity generation module in cabin 3, in use process, wind acts on intelligence
On blade 1, lift being provided for intelligent blade 1, intelligent blade being rotated, and then rotated with runner hub 2, the main shaft in wheel hub 2 connects
The electricity generation module to pick in cabin 3 generates electricity.The upper and lower of each intelligent blade 1 are equipped with SMA material, are located at same intelligence
The SMA material of upper and lower interlayer on energy blade 1 is connected by conducting wire respectively, and upper and lower two groups respective SMA materials compositions in parallel are poor
Parallel circuit.SMA material full name is marmem.SMA material is being held in the case where the wind frequency non-selectivity of permanent wind source
Temperature can increase when continuous resonance occurs, and two groups of parallel connection SMA materials generate voltage up and down at this time, and the voltage value of two groups of materials is not
Together, there are pressure difference, the voltage of upper and lower level is respectively G1 and G2, and the voltage difference of two voltages is G, this pressure difference is the feedback voltage that resonates,
Resonance feedback voltage is transferred to the voltage receiver IsoVuTm sensor being attached thereto by difference channel, anti-by resonating
Feedthrough voltage, Siemens's PAC controller can precisely determine the relationship between SMA material and resonance.
More specifically, the structure of each intelligent blade 1 is cavity stressed-skin construction, for the strength and stiffness for enhancing covering, each intelligence
It can be also equipped with composite material on blade 1, composite material selects galss fiber reinforced resin, and ply sequence is that CUS is circumferentially uniform
Symmetrical Stiffness Distribution mode, wing flapping choose θ=45 °~55 ° (otherwise this exports differential pressure jitter for that must select).
Composite material in each intelligent blade 1 is equipped with four layers.
The structure of each intelligent blade 1 is cavity stressed-skin construction, for the strength and stiffness for enhancing covering, in each intelligent blade 1
It is also equipped with composite material, composite material selects galss fiber reinforced resin, and ply sequence is the circumferential symmetrically rigidity point of CUS
Mode for cloth, wing flapping choose θ=45 °~55 ° (otherwise this exports differential pressure jitter for that must select).Each intelligent blade 1
On composite material be equipped with four layers.
SMA material is folded in composite material, in the middle position of composite material, in intelligent blade upper and lower pair
Claim array distribution, SMA material volume accounts for the 30 of intelligent blade annular distribution domain entities volume basis, and each SMA material is along intelligence
The length directional spreding of energy blade 1, the length of each SMA material account for the 90% of intelligent blade overall length.Specifically, each intelligent leaf
Piece 1 includes the leaf root part 13, transition portion 14 and the pneumatic part 15 that are sequentially connected, and the distribution of SMA material is from leaf root part
13 start to pneumatic part to terminate, and upper paved surface 16 of the SMA material in intelligent blade 1 in same intelligent blade 1
Lower paved surface 17 is to refer to distribution symmetrical above and below with the string of intelligent blade 1.Embedding manner of the SMA in blade is specifically such as Fig. 6
Shown, SMA material 19 is embedded in the bilevel material burial place 18 of blade, and more SMA materials in upper layer and lower layer are each
From composing in parallel two groups of circuits.The diameter d of single SMA material are as follows: the geometric dimension of d=h/3, h are blade layer as shown in Figure 6
Thickness 20.SMA material buries volume VsAre as follows: Vs=VRing/ 3, V ring are that SMA material shown in Fig. 6 buries banding ring total volume 21.
Intelligent blade 1 is waved resonance shift by Aerodynamic force action generation, i.e., intelligent blade 1 is perpendicular with Plane of rotation
Front and back direction of vibration is done in plane to resonate.Resonate the condition detected are as follows: SMA material is in permanent wind source, wind frequency non-selectivity
In the case of, warming phenomenon can occur when resonance persistently occurs, two groups in upper paved surface 16 and lower paved surface 17 are in parallel at this time
SMA material generates voltage, and the voltage value of two groups of materials is different, and there are pressure difference, this pressure difference i.e. resonance feedback voltages.
Fig. 3 shows intelligent blade section parameter schematic diagram, is intelligent blade when wind speed 8 acts in intelligent blade 1
1 provides aerodynamic force, and aeroeleastic deformation occurs for intelligent blade 1 itself while generating aerodynamic force influences pneumatic masterpiece in turn
With, aerodynamic force includes aerodynamic lift 5 and aerodynamic drag 6 as shown in the figure, and intelligent blade 1 rotates in the Plane of rotation 7 of diagram,
It is to wave direction of displacement with the perpendicular direction of Plane of rotation 7, the rotary speed direction 10 of intelligent blade 1 and the vector sum of wind speed 8 are
Relative wind velocity is expressed as relative wind velocity angle 9, and the angle that intelligent blade 1 deviates Plane of rotation 7 is variable pitch angle 12, is become by changing
Vane angle 12 will affect the angle of attack 11 and aerodynamic lift 5 and aerodynamic drag 6, and then reduce wind action power, and resonance is waved in reduction, rise
To the effect of blade protection.
Each intelligent blade 1 generates under Aerodynamic force action when waving resonance shift, and signal transmission is used to connect with processing unit
Receive pressure difference signal that SMA material between the upper and lower paved surface of each intelligent blade 1 generates is set and to the voltage signal at
Reason, treated, and voltage signal is transferred to pitch control device, and pitch control device includes Siemens PAC, and Siemens PAC is used
Corresponding control instruction is sent to variable pitch executive device in voltage signal judges to treated, and according to judging result,
Control is realized by variable pitch angle of the variable pitch executive device to each intelligent blade 1.
Specifically, signal transmission includes being responsible for difference channel, the IsoVuTm of voltage collection and delivery with processing unit
Sensor and filter and amplification module.The middle part of the transition portion of each intelligent blade 1 is arranged in difference channel, comes from for receiving
The voltage signal of SMA material, and carry out preliminary calculation process and calculate voltage difference, and the pressure difference signal is transmitted to and is arranged each
The IsoVuTm sensor of the blade root 13 of intelligent blade 1, the voltage signal that IsoVuTm sensor transmits difference channel
Be transmitted through the fiber to filter and amplification module, filter and amplification module is arranged in wheel hub 2, filter and amplification module to pressure difference signal into
Line noise filter and signal enhanced processing.It should be noted that difference channel includes upper and lower SMA material difference two parts in parallel
Circuit, the differential signal are the voltage difference of the end-point voltage of upper and lower two parts circuit.Difference channel is passive circuit, and voltage comes
The voltage that itself is generated when resonating under the above conditions from SMA material, difference channel only do preliminary difference operation processing, so its
It is inputted without external power supply.
Intelligent pitch-controlled system as above, wherein be stored in pitch control device for contrast judgement treated voltage
The whether normal setting value of signal and rated value, if treated, voltage signal is greater than the set value, and pitch control device determines
It is excessive that intelligent blade waves displacement, and sends variable pitch signal to variable pitch executive device；If treated, voltage signal is lasting and big
In rated value, then pitch control device determine intelligent blade generate amplitude it is unattenuated wave flutter, and to variable pitch executive device
Send variable pitch signal；If treated, voltage signal is less than rated value and setting value, and pitch control device determines intelligent blade
It is normal to wave displacement, pitch control device, to variable pitch executive device does not send variable pitch signal.
Specifically, pitch control device further includes A/D converter and D/A converter, A/D converter and filter and amplification module
It is connected, Siemens's PAC energy is converted for analog signals by A/D converter through filter and amplification module treated voltage signal
The digital quantity signal enough identified, when Siemens PAC sends control instruction to variable pitch executive device, the instruction is with digital quantity signal
Mode is converted to analog signals through D/A converter to manipulate variable pitch executive device.
Siemens PAC is arranged on electric plates 27, convenient for heat dissipation.Electric plates are mounted on hub interior.It is deposited in Siemens PAC
It contains for contrast judgement treated the whether normal setting value of voltage signal.
If treated, voltage signal is greater than the set value, and Siemens PAC determines that intelligent blade 1 is waved direction and occurred altogether
Vibration, and variable pitch signal is sent to variable pitch executive device, by changing 1 corner of intelligent blade to reduce aerodynamic loading；
If treated, voltage signal is less than setting value, and Siemens PAC determines that intelligent blade 1 waves displacement normally, west
The sub- PAC of door will not send variable pitch signal, that is, attonity to variable pitch executive device.
Variable pitch executive device includes encoder, servo motor and independent pitch mechanism, and an intelligent blade 1 is correspondingly arranged one
Independent pitch mechanism is covered, the control instruction that Siemens PAC is sent is transferred to encoder, and encoder sends electric pulse to servo electricity
Machine acts servo motor, and each independent pitch mechanism includes driving gear 22 and ring gear 23, and driving gear 22 and servo are electric
The output shaft of machine is connected, and ring gear 23 is arranged in wheel hub 2 and 22 engaged transmission of ring gear 23 and driving gear, servo motor are logical
Crossing driving gear 22 drives ring gear 23 to rotate, so that intelligent blade 1 be driven to deflect.Every root of blade all corresponding with its one
A ring gear rigid connection.
The side of each ring gear 23 is provided with non-contact displacement transducer 24, and non-contact displacement transducer 24 is used for
The angle that ring gear 23 rotates is detected, with the variation at each 1 variable pitch angle of intelligent blade of determination.Non-contact displacement transducer 24 and west
The sub- PAC of door is connected.After detecting that intelligent blade 1 deflects to specified angle, Siemens PAC, which controls variable pitch executive device, to be stopped moving
Make.
Siemens PAC is controlled according to the shift value that encoder is surveyed, and non-contact displacement transducer 24 is used as redundancy
The reference value of control directly reflects the variation at vane propeller-changing angle 12.When the number that encoder and non-contact displacement transducer are surveyed
When word is inconsistent, Siemens PAC determines that servo motor output shaft or encoder break down.
Variable pitch executive device further includes position-limit mechanism, position-limit mechanism include be arranged in two of each 23 side of ring gear it is close
Switch 25, two are mutually perpendicular to close to the setting position of switch 25 and the line of 23 central point of ring gear.
Variable pitch executive device further includes arrestment mechanism, and arrestment mechanism includes relay, electromagnet and setting in each ring gear
The spragging gear 26 of 23 sides.When wind energy conversion system works normally, Siemens PAC control relay obtains electric, brakes electromagnetic actuation
Gear 26, spragging gear 26 bounce back, and intelligent blade 1 runs well；When intelligent blade 1 needs braking or intelligent pitch-controlled system to occur
When failure, Siemens PAC controls relay electric-loss, and electromagnet can not be attracted spragging gear 26, the pop-up of spragging gear 26 and braking
The external tooth of gear 26 is caught in ring gear 23, to prevent the rotation of intelligent blade 1.Relay is fixed on electric plates 27,
It is exactly fixed on inside wheel hub 2, relay is connected by conducting wire with controller.Relay controls the movement of electromagnet, electromagnet
Outer end is connected with spragging gear 26, when relay obtains it is electric when, electromagnetic actuation, spragging gear 26 contraction does not work, work as wind-force
When machine failure power loss or controller issue brake signal so that relay electric-loss and release the spragging gear of electromagnet outer end
26, spragging gear is not rotated with still spragging gear 26 is engaged with ring gear 23, so that the leaf being connected with ring gear 23
Piece braking.
In conclusion the inhibition wind energy conversion system disclosed by the invention based on SMA differential pressure feedback waves the intelligent variable pitch system of resonance
System includes intelligent blade and variable pitch part, is equipped in intelligent blade and induction blade can wave resonance under certain condition
SMA material；Variable pitch part includes signal transmission and processing unit, pitch control device and variable pitch executive device.Intelligent blade exists
When persistently generation blade waves direction resonance, SMA material generates differential pressure signal because of itself material property, signal transmission and place
Reason device is for receiving the voltage signal, and treated, and voltage signal is transferred to pitch control device, pitch control device pair
The voltage signal is judged, and it is judged that result is held to the corresponding control instruction of variable pitch executive device transmission by variable pitch
Luggage, which is set, realizes intelligent blade pitch control.The present invention can reduce the hysteresis quality of blade resonance inhibition, simplify and wave resonance detection
Implementation process increases sensitivity and accuracy that blade waves resonance detection.
Several preferred embodiments of the invention have shown and described in above description, but as previously described, it should be understood that the present invention
Be not limited to forms disclosed herein, should not be regarded as an exclusion of other examples, and can be used for various other combinations,
Modification and environment, and can be changed in contemplated scope of the present invention by the above teachings or related fields of technology or knowledge
It is dynamic.And changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, then it all should be appended by the present invention
In scope of protection of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. the intelligent pitch-controlled system that a kind of inhibition wind energy conversion system based on SMA differential pressure feedback waves resonance characterized by comprising
Wind energy conversion system, signal transmission and processing unit, pitch control device and variable pitch executive device；
The wind energy conversion system includes pylon, the cabin being arranged in above pylon, the wheel hub that cabin front end is arranged in and is arranged in wheel hub
Outside and the multiple intelligent blades uniformly distributed along wheel hub；It is provided with retarder and electricity generation module in cabin, in use process, wind effect
In intelligent blade, lift is provided for intelligent blade, intelligent blade is rotated, and then drive hub rotation, the main shaft in wheel hub
Electricity generation module in connection cabin generates electricity；The upper and lower of each intelligent blade are equipped with marmem SMA material
The SMA material of material, the upper and lower interlayer in same intelligent blade is connected by conducting wire；
The structure of each intelligent blade is cavity stressed-skin construction, and the composite material as matrix is also equipped in each intelligent blade, multiple
Condensation material selects galss fiber reinforced resin, and the composite material in each intelligent blade is equipped with multilayer, and ply sequence is CUS weeks
To symmetrically Stiffness Distribution mode, wing flapping chooses θ=45 °~55 °；
The SMA material is folded in the middle position of composite material, is distributed in intelligent blade upper and lower symmetric array, SMA material
Material product accounts for the 30 of intelligent blade annular distribution domain entities volume basis, and SMA material is along the length direction of intelligent blade
Distribution, the length of SMA material account for the 90% of intelligent blade overall length；
Each intelligent blade of wind energy conversion system generates when waving displacement of blade tip under Aerodynamic force action, is arranged in each intelligent blade
The SMA material of upper and lower interlayer generate differential pressure, signal transmission and the processing unit reception voltage signal from SMA material and right
The voltage signal is handled, and treated, and voltage signal is transferred to pitch control device, and pitch control device is to processing
Voltage signal afterwards is judged, and sends corresponding control instruction to variable pitch executive device according to judging result, passes through variable pitch
Executive device realizes control to the variable pitch angle of each intelligent blade.
2. intelligence pitch-controlled system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the signal, which is transmitted with processing unit, includes
SMA difference channel, IsoVuTm sensing receiver and filter and amplification module；The transition of each intelligent blade is arranged in SMA difference channel
Partial middle part for receiving the voltage signal from SMA material, and carries out preliminary calculation process and calculates voltage difference, and will
Pressure difference signal is transmitted to the IsoVuTm sensor that the blade root of each intelligent blade is arranged in；IsoVuTm sensor is by SMA difference
The pressure difference signal that circuit transmission comes is transmitted through the fiber to filter and amplification module, and filter and amplification module is arranged in wheel hub, filter
Wave amplification module carries out noise filtering and signal enhanced processing to pressure difference signal.
3. intelligence pitch-controlled system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that be stored with and be used in the pitch control device
Treated described in the contrast judgement whether normal setting value of voltage signal and rated value, if described, treated that voltage signal is big
In the setting value, then it is excessive to determine that intelligent blade waves displacement for pitch control device, and sends variable pitch to variable pitch executive device
Signal；If treated the voltage signal continues and be greater than the rated value, pitch control device determines that intelligent blade produces
Raw amplitude it is unattenuated wave flutter, and send variable pitch signal to variable pitch executive device；If described, treated that voltage signal is small
In the rated value and setting value, then it is normal to determine that intelligent blade waves displacement for pitch control device, pitch control device not, to
Variable pitch executive device sends variable pitch signal.
4. it is according to claim 1 intelligence pitch-controlled system, which is characterized in that the variable pitch executive device include encoder,
Servo motor and independent pitch mechanism, each intelligent blade are correspondingly arranged a set of independent pitch mechanism, and pitch control device is sent
Control instruction be transferred to encoder, encoder, which sends electric pulse to servo motor, acts servo motor, each independence
Blade pitch device includes driving gear and ring gear, and driving gear is connected with the output shaft of servo motor, and ring gear setting is being taken turns
In hub, it is fixed on wheel hub root, and ring gear and driving gear engaged transmission, servo motor pass through in driving gear drive
Ring gear against rotation, so that intelligent blade be driven to rotate.
5. intelligence pitch-controlled system according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the side of each ring gear is provided with non-contact
Formula displacement sensor, non-contact displacement transducer is used to detect the angle of ring gear rotation, with each intelligent blade variable pitch of determination
The variation at angle；The non-contact displacement transducer is connected with pitch control device, when encoder and contactless displacement sense
When the number that device is surveyed is inconsistent, pitch control device determines that servo motor output shaft or encoder break down.
6. intelligence pitch-controlled system according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the variable pitch executive device further includes position restrainer
Structure, position-limit mechanism include two close switches that each ring gear side is arranged in, the two setting positions and internal tooth close to switch
The line of circle center point is mutually perpendicular to.
7. intelligence pitch-controlled system according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the variable pitch executive device further includes brake
Structure, arrestment mechanism include relay, electromagnet and the spragging gear that each ring gear side is arranged in；When wind energy conversion system works normally,
Pitch control device control relay obtains electric, makes electromagnetic actuation spragging gear, spragging gear retraction, intelligent blade is normally transported
Turn；When intelligent blade needs to brake or intelligent pitch-controlled system breaks down, pitch control device controls relay electric-loss, electromagnetism
Iron can not be attracted spragging gear, and spragging gear pops up and the external tooth of spragging gear is caught in ring gear, and then prevents intelligent blade
Rotation.
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| CN109026526B (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2019-09-24 | 山东科技大学 | The calculation method of hydraulic air bullet pitch-controlled system and control method and control parameter based on distributed optical fiber sensing differential pressure feedback |
| US11486349B2 (en) | 2020-01-10 | 2022-11-01 | General Electric Company | Methods for manufacturing blade structures |
| US11441545B2 (en) | 2020-02-25 | 2022-09-13 | General Electric Company | Tungsten-based erosion-resistant leading edge protection cap for rotor blades |
| CN111980869B (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2021-07-06 | 明阳智慧能源集团股份公司 | Decoupling method for rotating speed of floating type double-impeller wind turbine generator and floating platform motion control |
| CN112431717B (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2021-11-26 | 山东科技大学 | Unified variable pitch system and method for blades of small wind turbine |
| CN117685179B (en) * | 2024-01-31 | 2024-04-19 | 安徽容知日新科技股份有限公司 | Fan variable pitch system monitoring method, monitoring equipment and storage medium |
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| CN101952586A (en) * | 2008-01-30 | 2011-01-19 | 剪式风能技术公司 | Retractable blade structure with a split trailing edge |
| DE102012208446A1 (en) * | 2012-05-21 | 2013-11-21 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Impeller for use as rotor of wind turbine or fan for cooling engine of motor vehicle, has impeller hub rotatable around rotational axis and multiple blade sheets which are arranged to impeller hub in circumferential direction |
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| CN105804944A (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2016-07-27 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Double-power-generation type intelligent self-adaptation vibration reduction wind turbine |
| WO2016167754A1 (en) * | 2015-04-15 | 2016-10-20 | General Electric Company | System for wind turbine blade actuation |
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| CN101952586A (en) * | 2008-01-30 | 2011-01-19 | 剪式风能技术公司 | Retractable blade structure with a split trailing edge |
| DE102012208446A1 (en) * | 2012-05-21 | 2013-11-21 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Impeller for use as rotor of wind turbine or fan for cooling engine of motor vehicle, has impeller hub rotatable around rotational axis and multiple blade sheets which are arranged to impeller hub in circumferential direction |
| CN204239150U (en) * | 2014-08-27 | 2015-04-01 | 上海交通大学 | Novel paddle device and blade system |
| WO2016167754A1 (en) * | 2015-04-15 | 2016-10-20 | General Electric Company | System for wind turbine blade actuation |
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