CN108005681A - A kind of compaction grouting method - Google Patents
A kind of compaction grouting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108005681A CN108005681A CN201710968229.8A CN201710968229A CN108005681A CN 108005681 A CN108005681 A CN 108005681A CN 201710968229 A CN201710968229 A CN 201710968229A CN 108005681 A CN108005681 A CN 108005681A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000007569 slipcasting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 116
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007619 statistical method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000000476 body water Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000208340 Araliaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005035 Panax pseudoginseng ssp. pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000008434 ginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of compaction grouting method, comprise the following steps:Injected hole is bored on the calibrated bolck of endless tube piece, injected hole includes being sequentially distributed from the bottom to top and in first group of injected hole, second group of injected hole and the 3rd group of injected hole of symmetrical structure;Mini-valve tube is installed in each injected hole, and check valve is installed on to the upper end of mini-valve tube;Injected hole is blocked with the gap that mini-valve tube outer wall is formed using accelerated cement mortar;From the bottom to top symmetrical slip casting is carried out in first group of injected hole, second group of injected hole and the 3rd group of injected hole successively;Slip casting effect is checked after the completion of slip casting, perforations adding slip casting is carried out for underproof location;Mini-valve tube, slip casting machine and mixer are cleaned after mortar depositing construction immediately.Using the compaction grouting method of technical solution of the present invention, slip casting efficiency can be improved, ensures the stability of tunnel structure on two sides, so that subway even running.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to compaction grouting technical field, and in particular to a kind of compaction grouting method.
Background technology
Guangzhou Underground No.1 line yellow sand~longevity road section is shield tunnel section, and the foundation pit and pile foundation of project construction are tight
Adjacent station and running tunnel.Since in January, 2011, find downlink in 10 points~12 points of K5+400~K5+483 tunnel tops
Position (towards yellow sand station) place section of jurisdiction longitudinal crack is more, and crackle is up to 4 on indivedual sections of jurisdiction, most of penetration of cracks monoblock sections of jurisdiction,
Maximum crack width is about close to 0.58mm;Uplink 12 points~3 point position (facing yellow sand station) place section of jurisdiction at K5+411~K5+480
Most of to have longitudinal crack, crack site is substantially distributed with downlink in mirror image.12 points~1 point position section of jurisdiction is opened wherein at K5+440
What is split is more serious, maximum crack width about 0.5mm.Totally 72, uplink crack, 53, downlink crack, amounts to 125.Due to Huang
Long section is in major injury state, in order to ensure the operation of Subway Line 1 and passenger survival property safety, is badly in need of looking for
To a kind of reinforcement means, so as to carry out consolidation process to tunnel side stratum.
Compaction grouting is that thick slurries are injected the soil body, and hole is formed in the soil body, and with pressure rise, grouting amount increases
Greatly, cavity expansion, and force surrounding soil mesopore pressure to rise, in a period of time after slip casting, pore pressure will gradually disappear
Dissipate, surrounding soil intensity raising by densification, so as to achieve the purpose that consolidated subsoil.
Existing compaction grouting scheme uses single hole slip casting operation, and operating efficiency is low, and slip casting pore size distribution does not conform to
Reason, hereafter carries out random or slip casting in a certain order in each injected hole, and when the grouting amount of each injected hole and slip casting
Between it is inconsistent, be to sum up easy to cause tunnel both sides reinforce after structure it is inconsistent so that underground railway track out-of-flatness, causes ground
Iron is in operation because unbalance stress influences train operation.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of compaction grouting method, which can improve slip casting efficiency, protect
The stability of tunnel structure on two sides is demonstrate,proved, so that subway even running.
Based on this, the present invention proposes a kind of compaction grouting method, comprises the following steps:
1) injected hole is bored on the calibrated bolck of endless tube piece, the injected hole includes first group of note being sequentially distributed from the bottom to top
Hole, second group of injected hole and the 3rd group of injected hole are starched, is the plane of reference to pass through face where the central axes in tunnel and the center line of rail,
First group of injected hole, second group of injected hole and the 3rd group of injected hole include two on the plane of reference pair
Claim the injected hole of distribution;
2) mini-valve tube is installed in each injected hole, and check valve is installed on to the upper end of the mini-valve tube;
3) injected hole is blocked with the gap that the mini-valve tube outer wall is formed using accelerated cement mortar;
4) symmetrically noted in first group of injected hole, second group of injected hole and the 3rd group of injected hole successively from the bottom to top
Slurry;
5) slip casting effect is checked after the completion of slip casting, perforations adding slip casting is carried out for underproof location;
6) mini-valve tube, slip casting machine and mixer are cleaned after mortar depositing construction immediately.
Further, in step 1) during drilling, drilling machine is directed at the position of the injected hole, and adjust verticality guarantee
Vertical pore-forming.
Further, in step 3) sealing region for the gap by ground to below ground 1m-1.5m in the range of.
Further, before slip casting is started, packer permeability test is carried out, selects suitable grouting parameter.
Further, the grouting parameter includes grouting amount, slip casting time and grouting pressure.
Further, the sedimentation during slip casting to tunnel, deformation and stress increment are monitored and record data.
Further, when being monitored to slip casting process as found following either case, reduce grouting pressure or stop
Only slip casting:
A, occurs crack during slip casting;
B, the deflection of tunnel vault is more than 1mm;
C, the sedimentation of earth's surface more than 10mm or surface uplift more than 2mm;
D, the stress increment mutation of the endless tube piece.
Further, segmented slip casting is taken in step 4), slip casting step pitch chooses 0.6m~1m, during slip casting,
The mini-valve tube, is moved up the length of a slip casting step pitch by pressure rise or when reaching grouting amount.
Further, in step 4), final grouting pressure 0.1MPa-0.2MPa.
Further, in step 5) specific inspection method using it is following any one:
A, analytic approach:Slip casting is recorded and carries out statistical analysis, judges note by analyzing grouting amount, final pressure value and voltage stabling control
Starch effect;
B, water injection test method:Conducted oneself with dignity using water pump or water column, clear water is pressed into drilling test section, calculates the test section
Permeability rate A, A≤10Lu is qualification;
C, borehole inspection method:After slip casting after 28 days, a detection hole is respectively taken in haunch both sides, is surveyed in the detection hole
It is qualification to obtain unconfined compressive strength B, B >=0.15MPa.
Implement the embodiment of the present invention, have the advantages that:
1st, the compaction grouting method is symmetrically arranged with injected hole in the calibrated bolck of endless tube piece, during slip casting from the bottom to top
Symmetrical slip casting is carried out in first group of injected hole, second group of injected hole and the 3rd group of injected hole successively, is improving the same of slip casting efficiency
When, structure is consistent after ensureing the reinforcing of tunnel both sides so that and tunnel structure on two sides is stablized, so that underground railway track keeps smooth,
And then ensure subway even running;Grouting sequence from the bottom to top causes after slip casting so that the structure positioned at bottom is first reinforced, according to
Secondary to reinforce upwards, construction more rationally and causes structure more to stablize, and slip casting effect is checked during slip casting, thus
Unqualified location is found in time and is repaired so that construction is smoothed out.
2nd, before slip casting is started, packer permeability test is carried out, according to pressure water head, examination segment length and stablizes infiltration water, can
To judge the power of permeability of rock massf, grouting parameter is thus made choice, ensures that slip casting operation is smoothed out.
3rd, the sedimentation during slip casting to tunnel, deformation and stress increment are monitored and record data, in order to
Pinpoint the problems in time in work progress, or operation offer task instruction from now on, easy to analyze slip casting operation, note
Go wrong during slurry and stop slip casting in time or reduce grouting pressure, and then ensure the security of slip casting operation.
4th, segmented slip casting is taken, slip casting step pitch chooses 0.6m~1m, during slip casting, pressure rise or reaches slip casting
During amount, mini-valve tube is moved up to the length of a slip casting step pitch, so that grouting amount is enough and ensures continuous grouting, and it is steady
Surely displacement distance may be such that the structure formed after slip casting is more stablized.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of the slip casting process of the embodiment of the present invention.
In figure:1- endless tube pieces, first group of injected hole of 2-, second group of injected hole of 3-, the 3rd group of injected hole of 4-, 5- check valves.
Embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples:
As shown in Figure 1, the compaction grouting method in the present embodiment, comprises the following steps:
1) injected hole is bored on the calibrated bolck of endless tube piece 1, the injected hole includes first group be sequentially distributed from the bottom to top
2, second groups of injected holes 3 of injected hole and the 3rd group of injected hole 4, are ginseng to pass through face where the central axes in tunnel and the center line of rail
Face is examined, first group of injected hole, 2, second groups of injected holes 3 and the 3rd group of injected hole 4 are symmetrical on the plane of reference including two
Injected hole, it is pointed out that need to survey the reinforcing bar distribution of underground during boring injected hole, can be to the position of injected hole
It is finely adjusted, avoids reinforcing bar so that drilling is smooth;
2) mini-valve tube is installed in each injected hole, and check valve 5 is installed on to the upper end of the mini-valve tube, check valve 5 causes
Slurries will not be flow backwards during slip casting so that slurries smoothly enter in the soil body, it is pointed out that pass through in the present embodiment
Check valve 5 is connected by flange with mini-valve tube, and the structure of flange is simple and compact, the sleeve valve that may be such that check valve 5 is connected with mini-valve tube
The bottom of pipe is down toward injected hole bottom, a distance and upper end of mini-valve tube is basseted;
3) injected hole is blocked with the gap that the mini-valve tube outer wall is formed using accelerated cement mortar, is thus prevented
Grout occurs during slip casting;
4) carried out pair in described first group of injected hole, 2, second groups of injected holes 3 and the 3rd group of injected hole 4 successively from the bottom to top
Claim slip casting, it is possible thereby to slip casting efficiency is improved, and symmetrical slip casting may be such that the soil body of slurries and tunnel side stratum while be pressed
It is close, ensure uniform force after the stratum consolidation of whole tunnel side, underground railway track will not be caused because of side stress run-off the straight, and then
It can guarantee that underground railway track evenness of road surface so that subway even running, and grouting sequence from the bottom to top causes position after causing slip casting
Structure in bottom is first reinforced, and is reinforced upwards successively, and construction more rationally and causes structure more to stablize, it should be pointed out that
Injecting paste material employed in the present embodiment determines to use superfine cement, cement mortar or dual slurry for experiment;
5) slip casting effect is checked after the completion of slip casting, carries out perforations adding slip casting for underproof location, thus in time
Find unqualified location and repaired so that construction is smoothed out;
6) mini-valve tube, slip casting machine and mixer are cleaned after mortar depositing construction immediately, prevents slurries from sticking in the said equipment
On, thus it is normally carried out easy to next subjob.
Based on above technical scheme, which is symmetrically arranged with injected hole in the calibrated bolck of endless tube piece 1, is noting
Symmetrical slip casting is carried out in first group of injected hole, 2, second groups of injected holes 3 and the 3rd group of injected hole 4 successively from the bottom to top during slurry,
While slip casting efficiency is improved, structure is consistent after ensureing the reinforcing of tunnel both sides so that and tunnel structure on two sides is stablized, so that
Underground railway track keeps smooth, and then ensures subway even running;Grouting sequence from the bottom to top to be located at bottom after causing slip casting
The structure in portion is first reinforced, and is reinforced upwards successively, and construction more rationally and causes structure more to stablize, and to slip casting during slip casting
Effect is checked, is thus found unqualified location in time and is repaired so that construction is smoothed out.
Further, in step 1) during drilling, make the position of drilling machine alignment injected hole, and adjust verticality and ensure vertically
Pore-forming, thus easy to mini-valve tube installation and cause slip casting it is more convenient.
Further, in step 3) sealing region for gap by ground to below ground 1m-1.5m in the range of, full
On the premise of sufficient structural strength, construction cost is effectively reduced.
In the present embodiment, before slip casting is started, packer permeability test is carried out, selects suitable grouting parameter, packer permeability test
It is that hydraulic pressure is entered drilling with high pressure mode, one kind original position for solution rock cranny situation and the water penetration of being let it pass according to rock body water absorption gauge
Experiment.Packer permeability test is that the boring test section of certain length is isolated with special seal installation, then with fixed water
Head is permeated to this section of fields water injection, water by the crack around hole wall into rock mass, and the water finally permeated can tend to one
Stationary value.According to pressure water head, examination segment length and stablize infiltration water, it is possible to determine that the power of permeability of rock massf.Thus carry out
Grouting parameter is selected, ensures that slip casting operation is smoothed out.Further, grouting parameter includes grouting amount, slip casting time and slip casting
Pressure.
Sedimentation, deformation and stress increment of the present embodiment during slip casting to tunnel are monitored and record data, with
Easy to pinpoint the problems in time in the construction process, or operation offer task instruction from now on, easy to be carried out to slip casting operation
Analysis.Further, when being monitored to slip casting process as found following either case, reduce grouting pressure or stop note
Slurry:
A, occurs crack during slip casting;
B, the deflection of tunnel vault is more than 1mm;
C, the sedimentation of earth's surface more than 10mm or surface uplift more than 2mm;
D, the stress increment mutation of endless tube piece 1.
Further, segmented slip casting is taken in step 4), slip casting step pitch chooses 0.6m~1m, during slip casting,
Mini-valve tube, is moved up the length of a slip casting step pitch, so that grouting amount is enough by pressure rise or when reaching grouting amount
And ensure continuous grouting, and stably displacement distance may be such that the structure of the formation after slip casting is more stablized.
Further, in step 4), final grouting pressure 0.1MPa-0.2MPa, final grouting pressure is selected in the bottom of injected hole
0.2MPa is taken, is 0.1MPa in position final grouting pressure of the injected hole close to ground, so that slip casting operation is smoothed out.
In the present embodiment step 5) specific inspection method using it is following any one:
A, analytic approach:Slip casting is recorded and carries out statistical analysis, judges note by analyzing grouting amount, final pressure value and voltage stabling control
Starch effect;
B, water injection test method:Conducted oneself with dignity using water pump or water column, clear water is pressed into drilling test section, calculates the test section
Permeability rate A, A≤10Lu is qualification;
C, borehole inspection method:After slip casting after 28 days, a detection hole is respectively taken in haunch both sides, is surveyed in the detection hole
It is qualification to obtain unconfined compressive strength B, B >=0.15MPa.
Using the compaction grouting method of the embodiment of the present invention, which symmetrically sets in the calibrated bolck of endless tube piece 1
Injected hole is equipped with, from the bottom to top successively in first group of injected hole, 2, second groups of injected holes 3 and the 3rd group of slip casting during slip casting
Hole 4 carries out symmetrical slip casting, and while slip casting efficiency is improved, structure is consistent after ensureing the reinforcing of tunnel both sides so that tunnel both sides
Stable structure, so that underground railway track keeps smooth, and then ensures subway even running;Grouting sequence from the bottom to top causes
So that the structure positioned at bottom is first reinforced after slip casting, to reinforce upwards successively, construction more rationally and causes structure more to stablize, and
Slip casting effect is checked during slip casting, unqualified location is thus found in time and is repaired so that construction smoothly into
OK.Before slip casting is started, packer permeability test is carried out, according to pressure water head, examination segment length and stablizes infiltration water, it is possible to determine that rock
The power of body water penetration, thus makes choice grouting parameter, ensures that slip casting operation is smoothed out.To tunnel during slip casting
Sedimentation, deformation and stress increment are monitored and record data, in order to pinpoint the problems in time in the construction process, or it is modern
Rear operation provides task instruction, go wrong easy to analyze slip casting operation, during slip casting stop in time slip casting or
Person reduces grouting pressure, and then ensures the security of slip casting operation.Segmented slip casting is taken, slip casting step pitch chooses 0.6m~1m,
During slip casting, mini-valve tube is moved up the length of a slip casting step pitch, thus made by pressure rise or when reaching grouting amount
Obtain grouting amount enough and ensure continuous grouting, and stably displacement distance may be such that the structure formed after slip casting is more stablized.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, without departing from the technical principles of the invention, some improvement and replacement can also be made, these improve and replace
Also it should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of compaction grouting method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
1) injected hole is bored on the calibrated bolck of endless tube piece, the injected hole includes first group of slip casting being sequentially distributed from the bottom to top
Hole, second group of injected hole and the 3rd group of injected hole, are the plane of reference to pass through face where the central axes in tunnel and the center line of rail, institute
It is symmetrical on the plane of reference including two to state first group of injected hole, second group of injected hole and the 3rd group of injected hole
The injected hole of distribution;
2) mini-valve tube is installed in each injected hole, and check valve is installed on to the upper end of the mini-valve tube;
3) injected hole is blocked with the gap that the mini-valve tube outer wall is formed using accelerated cement mortar;
4) symmetrical slip casting is carried out in first group of injected hole, second group of injected hole and the 3rd group of injected hole successively from the bottom to top;
5) slip casting effect is checked after the completion of slip casting, perforations adding slip casting is carried out for underproof location;
6) mini-valve tube, slip casting machine and mixer are cleaned after mortar depositing construction immediately.
2. compaction grouting method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 1) during drilling, be directed at drilling machine
The position of the injected hole, and adjust verticality and ensure vertical pore-forming.
3. compaction grouting method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 3) sealing region for the gap by
Ground is in the range of below ground 1m-1.5m.
4. compaction grouting method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that before slip casting is started, packer permeability test is carried out,
Select suitable grouting parameter.
5. compaction grouting method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the grouting parameter includes grouting amount, slip casting
Time and grouting pressure.
6. compaction grouting method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that sedimentation, change during slip casting to tunnel
Shape and stress increment are monitored and record data.
7. compaction grouting method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that be monitored to slip casting process as found such as
During lower either case, reduce grouting pressure or stop slip casting:
A, occurs crack during slip casting;
B, the deflection of tunnel vault is more than 1mm;
C, the sedimentation of earth's surface more than 10mm or surface uplift more than 2mm;
D, the stress increment mutation of the endless tube piece.
8. compaction grouting method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that segmented slip casting is taken in step 4), is noted
Starch step pitch and choose 0.6m~1m, during slip casting, the mini-valve tube is moved up one by pressure rise or when reaching grouting amount
The length of a slip casting step pitch.
9. compaction grouting method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 4), final grouting pressure is
0.1MPa-0.2MPa.
10. compaction grouting method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that specific inspection method uses in step 5)
It is following any one:
A, analytic approach:Slip casting is recorded and carries out statistical analysis, judges that slip casting is imitated by analyzing grouting amount, final pressure value and voltage stabling control
Fruit;
B, water injection test method:Conducted oneself with dignity using water pump or water column, clear water is pressed into drilling test section, calculates the saturating of the test section
Water rate A, A≤10Lu are qualification;
C, borehole inspection method:After slip casting after 28 days, a detection hole is respectively taken in haunch both sides, nothing is measured in the detection hole
Confined compressive strength B, B >=0.15MPa are qualification.
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CN109458194A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-03-12 | 同济大学 | A kind of section grouting technology processing method of regulation tunnel cross section deformation |
CN112031826A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2020-12-04 | 中铁四院集团工程建设有限责任公司 | Method for remedying tunnel deformation |
CN112031826B (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2022-09-09 | 中铁四院集团工程建设有限责任公司 | Method for remedying tunnel deformation |
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