CN107999957B - Protective material for preventing laser hole-making from damaging opposite wall of cavity part and filling method - Google Patents
Protective material for preventing laser hole-making from damaging opposite wall of cavity part and filling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107999957B CN107999957B CN201610960509.XA CN201610960509A CN107999957B CN 107999957 B CN107999957 B CN 107999957B CN 201610960509 A CN201610960509 A CN 201610960509A CN 107999957 B CN107999957 B CN 107999957B
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- protective material
- adhesive
- ultrafast laser
- alumina ceramic
- opposite wall
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/18—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using absorbing layers on the workpiece, e.g. for marking or protecting purposes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/38—Removing material by boring or cutting
- B23K26/382—Removing material by boring or cutting by boring
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a protective material for preventing ultrafast laser drilling from damaging opposite walls of cavity parts, which comprises a base material and an adhesive, wherein the base material is alumina ceramic spherical particles, the adhesive comprises polyvinyl alcohol and water, and the mass part ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol to the water is 12:100, respectively; the alumina ceramic spherical particles adopt three specifications: specification 1, diameter range: 0.2-0.35 mm; specification 2, diameter range: 0.4-0.6 mm; specification 3, diameter range: 0.6-0.8 mm; or can be mixed for use; the adhesive also comprises 10 parts by mass of aluminum hydroxide powder and/or 10 parts by mass of titanium dioxide powder and/or 0.3 parts by mass of OP-10 surfactant. The protective material is suitable for ultrafast laser hole making, and avoids damage to the opposite wall of the inner cavity caused by ultrafast laser during hole making; the inner cavity is easy to fill and the inner cavity is easy to remove after hole making is finished.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of laser processing, and relates to a protective material and a filling method, wherein the protective material is suitable for processing small holes on cavity parts such as blades by ultrafast laser so as to prevent the ultrafast laser from damaging the opposite wall of the cavity parts after through holes are formed.
Background
Laser drilling is one of the main application fields of laser processing, and laser processing of gas film holes of engine hot end parts such as turbine blades and the like is a typical application of a drilling technology. In the past, millisecond pulse laser is mainly adopted to process blade air film holes, but recast layers and even microcracks exist in small holes, and if holes are formed in turbine blades with thermal barrier coatings, the defects of cracking, chipping and the like among coating layers are easily caused due to a large thermal effect. The picosecond and femtosecond laser removal material has the characteristics of non-hot melting and extremely small heat influence, so that the material is suitable for processing high-quality small holes on turbine blades, including the turbine blades with thermal barrier coatings, the aim of processing the hole wall of the small hole without recast layers, microcracks and heat-affected zones can be achieved at present, and the coatings almost have no heat-induced defects.
Like millisecond laser drilling, picosecond and femtosecond laser drilling also face the problem that the inner cavity of the blade is damaged after a laser through hole, as shown in fig. 1, therefore, a protective material needs to be filled in the inner cavity of the blade to prevent laser from directly acting on the opposite wall of the inner cavity, the protective material has the characteristic of avoiding laser breakdown within a certain time, and obviously, the longer the time is, the better the protective effect is.
Aiming at millisecond laser hole making, the existing mature protective material is polytetrafluoroethylene and is applied to engineering. However, in an ultrafast laser (including picosecond laser and femtosecond laser) hole making test, it is found that ultrafast laser is easy to penetrate through a polytetrafluoroethylene material, the material with the thickness of 1mm is broken down within 1s, effective protection of the inner cavity of the blade against the surface wall during hole making can not be realized, and the damage is very serious because a protection measure is not adopted.
Whether effective protection of the inner cavity can be realized is the key for realizing the application of the ultrafast laser high-quality hole making technology in blade air film hole processing, so that the development of a protective material suitable for ultrafast laser hole making and a filling method are urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: developing a brand new protective material, which is suitable for ultrafast laser drilling and avoids damaging the opposite wall of the inner cavity when the ultrafast laser is used for drilling; the inner cavity is easy to fill and the inner cavity is easy to remove after hole making is finished.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a avoid ultrafast laser drilling to damage protective material of cavity part opposite side wall, includes substrate and adhesive, the substrate is alumina ceramics spherical particle, the composition of adhesive includes polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and water, the mass portion ratio of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and water is 12:100, respectively;
the alumina ceramic spherical particles are generally selected from three specifications: specification 1, diameter range: 0.2-0.35 mm; specification 2, diameter range: 0.4-0.6 mm; specification 3, diameter range: 0.6-0.8 mm; or can be mixed for use;
the alumina ceramic spherical particles are selected according to the following selection principle: the specification with larger particle size is usually selected, and the breakdown-resistant time is longer; however, under the condition that the inner cavity channel is small, such as within 1mm, the protection effect is poor due to large filling gaps of large particles, and on the premise that the breakdown-preventing time meets the requirement, the specification with small particle size can be selected;
the binder is used for bonding the alumina ceramic particles together;
the adhesive can also comprise the following components in parts by mass on the basis of 12:100 of polyvinyl alcohol and water: 10 parts by mass of aluminum hydroxide powder (AL (OH)3) And/or 10 parts by mass of titanium dioxide powder (TiO)2) And/or OP-10 surfactant with the mass portion of 0.3;
the adhesive is prepared by the following steps: adding two kinds of powder of aluminum hydroxide and titanium dioxide into water and stirring; addition polymerization of polyvinyl alcohol; adding OP-10 surfactant; and finally, uniformly stirring the mixture.
The filling method of the protective material for preventing the ultrafast laser drilling from damaging the opposite wall of the cavity part is a method for filling the protective material into the inner cavity of the part and comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: mixing the prepared adhesive and the substrate alumina ceramic spherical particles in a mass portion ratio of 1: 2-1: 5, mixing, injecting the mixture into the inner cavity of the part to be protected by using a proper method such as a manual extrusion method or a hydraulic extrusion method and the like, and curing.
The second method comprises the following steps: injecting the base material alumina ceramic spherical particles into an inner cavity of a part to be protected by adopting a proper method such as manual pouring or vibration injection and the like, and then infiltrating an adhesive into the inner cavity to uniformly mix the adhesive and the alumina ceramic spherical particles; heating to 80-120 deg.c and drying naturally or drying naturally to dry and solidify the protecting material.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. based on an ultrafast laser damage threshold test of different materials for the first time, a protective material suitable for ultrafast laser drilling is preferably and configured, so that the effect of preventing ultrafast laser from damaging the inner cavity opposite wall of a part with a cavity structure after through holes is achieved, and the researched and developed material is not reported at home and abroad; 2. the protective material is easily filled and removed from the inner cavity of the blade: 1) the protective material substrate is a spherical granular alumina substrate, so that the protective material has good fluidity; 2) the special adhesive is configured to bond and solidify the granular materials together, and the adhesive is in a solid-liquid state after being mixed, has good fluidity, is suitable for being injected into and filling the inner cavity of the part with the irregular shape, and realizes the protection effect close to the flaky alumina ceramic material.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an inner cavity of a part damaged by laser after a through hole is formed without a protective material;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the analysis and test principle of the protective material of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
4 kinds of protective materials (samples 2-5) are configured according to the technical scheme, and the protective effect is verified. Sample 1 is a metal plate without a protective material coating.
Table 1 shows comparison of breakdown-preventing time of protective materials of different specifications, a schematic diagram of a protective performance test principle of the protective materials is shown in fig. 2, the protective material with the thickness of 2mm is placed on the lower surface of a metal plate with the thickness of 1mm, the breakdown time refers to the time when laser completely penetrates through the protective material to form a through hole, obviously, the protective effect of specification 3 is the best, and the breakdown time (effective protection time) of specification 1 is also more than 10 s.
TABLE 1 comparison of puncture-preventing times for protective materials of different particle sizes
| Test specimen | Composition of | Breakdown time/s |
| 1 | Metal plate | 7.7s |
| 2 | Metal plate + base material particle protective material with specification 1 | 19.4s |
| 3 | Metal plate + base material particle protective material with specification 2 | 88.3s |
| 4 | Metal plate + 3-specification base material particle protective material | 120s |
| 5 | Metal plate + specification 2 and specification 3 mixed base material particle protective material | 97s |
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a avoid ultrafast laser drilling damage cavity part to protective material of wall which faces, its characterized in that includes substrate and adhesive, the substrate is alumina ceramic spherical particle, the composition of adhesive includes polyvinyl alcohol and water, the mass portion ratio of polyvinyl alcohol and water is 12:100, respectively;
the alumina ceramic spherical particles adopt three specifications: specification 1, diameter range: 0.2-0.35 mm; specification 2, diameter range: 0.4-0.6 mm; specification 3, diameter range: 0.6-0.8 mm; mixtures of these may also be used.
2. The protective material for preventing the ultrafast laser drilling from damaging the opposite wall of the cavity part as claimed in claim 1, wherein the alumina ceramic spherical particles are selected according to the following principles: the larger particle size specification is typically selected, but in the case of smaller lumen channels, the smaller particle size specification is selected.
3. The protective material for avoiding the damage to the opposite wall of the cavity part caused by the ultrafast laser drilling as claimed in claim 1, wherein the adhesive further comprises, based on the polyvinyl alcohol and the water with the mass portion ratio of 12: 100: 10 parts by weight of aluminum hydroxide powder and/or 10 parts by weight of titanium dioxide powder and/or 0.3 parts by weight of OP-10 surfactant.
4. The protective material for preventing damage to the opposite wall of the cavity component caused by the ultrafast laser drilling according to claim 3, wherein the adhesive is prepared by the steps of: adding two kinds of powder of aluminum hydroxide and titanium dioxide into water and stirring; addition polymerization of polyvinyl alcohol; adding OP-10 surfactant; and finally, uniformly stirring the mixture.
5. The method for filling the protective material for preventing the ultrafast laser drilling from damaging the opposite wall of the cavity component as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: mixing the prepared adhesive and the substrate alumina ceramic spherical particles in a mass portion ratio of 1: 2-1: 5, mixing, injecting the mixture into an inner cavity of the part to be protected after uniform mixing, and curing.
6. The method for filling the protective material for preventing the ultrafast laser drilling from damaging the opposite wall of the cavity component as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: injecting the substrate alumina ceramic spherical particles into an inner cavity of a part to be protected, and then infiltrating an adhesive into the inner cavity to uniformly mix the adhesive and the alumina ceramic spherical particles; heating to 80-120 deg.c and drying naturally or drying naturally to dry and solidify the protecting material.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610960509.XA CN107999957B (en) | 2016-10-28 | 2016-10-28 | Protective material for preventing laser hole-making from damaging opposite wall of cavity part and filling method |
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| CN201610960509.XA CN107999957B (en) | 2016-10-28 | 2016-10-28 | Protective material for preventing laser hole-making from damaging opposite wall of cavity part and filling method |
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| CN107999957A CN107999957A (en) | 2018-05-08 |
| CN107999957B true CN107999957B (en) | 2020-01-07 |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111702351A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-09-25 | 中国航发动力股份有限公司 | Integrated manufacturing method of turbine blade air film hole based on ceramic core |
| CN114273802A (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2022-04-05 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Laser drilling back injury protection method and device |
| CN113770567B (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2022-12-16 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | Filling system and filling method for turbine blade laser hole-making protective material |
| CN115026420B (en) * | 2022-06-07 | 2024-10-01 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for avoiding wall damage in ultrafast laser processing cavity |
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| EP1156021A1 (en) * | 2000-05-19 | 2001-11-21 | Asahi Glass Co., Ltd. | Hollow aluminosilicate glass microspheres and process for their production |
| CN1260332C (en) * | 2000-12-08 | 2006-06-21 | 申保安 | Full loss mechanical lubricating oil |
| CN1202043C (en) * | 2003-05-29 | 2005-05-18 | 上海交通大学 | Prepn of large grain spherical submicron/nano composite fiber-ceramic powder |
| US20070175872A1 (en) * | 2006-01-27 | 2007-08-02 | Rhoades Lawrence J | Laser back wall protection by particulate shading |
| CN100586898C (en) * | 2006-09-04 | 2010-02-03 | 青岛大学 | Manufacture method of silicon carbide refractory ceramics material |
| CN101220211B (en) * | 2007-12-18 | 2011-03-16 | 苏州大学 | Anti-laser composite resin and method for producing the same |
| EP2335855A1 (en) * | 2009-12-04 | 2011-06-22 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Filler material when drilling passageway holes in hollow components, method and device for same |
| CN102153335B (en) * | 2011-04-02 | 2013-01-16 | 西南科技大学 | Machinable aluminium oxide ceramics and preparation method of machinable aluminium oxide ceramics |
| DE102011078651A1 (en) * | 2011-07-05 | 2013-01-10 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for producing at least one through-hole and apparatus for carrying out such a method |
| CN102950378B (en) * | 2012-09-19 | 2015-09-09 | 沈阳黎明航空发动机(集团)有限责任公司 | A kind of Laser Processing protective layer |
| CN104651830B (en) * | 2015-01-26 | 2017-07-28 | 华北电力大学 | The dusty material and method of aluminum alloy surface synthesis ceramic particle enhancing cladding layer |
| CN104827194A (en) * | 2015-05-13 | 2015-08-12 | 西安交通大学 | Method for rear wall protection in laser processing of turbine blade by using water and silicon dioxide |
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Address after: 100024 North East military villa, eight Li bridge, Chaoyang District, Beijing Applicant after: China Institute of Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology Address before: 100024 North East military villa, eight Li bridge, Chaoyang District, Beijing Applicant before: Beijing Aviation Manufacturing Engineering Institute of China Aviation Industry Group Company |
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