CN107999775B - Metal powder preparation device and method - Google Patents
Metal powder preparation device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107999775B CN107999775B CN201711321377.7A CN201711321377A CN107999775B CN 107999775 B CN107999775 B CN 107999775B CN 201711321377 A CN201711321377 A CN 201711321377A CN 107999775 B CN107999775 B CN 107999775B
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 24
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 77
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 21
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract description 21
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000001856 aerosol method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 13
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 229910001080 W alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- QBACCBHDCANWCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium cobalt molybdenum tungsten Chemical compound [Co][Cr][Mo][W] QBACCBHDCANWCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000009692 water atomization Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910002065 alloy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000009689 gas atomisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/086—Cooling after atomisation
- B22F2009/0876—Cooling after atomisation by gas
Landscapes
- Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a metal powder preparation device which comprises a feeding device, an atomizing nozzle, a reducing gas spray ring and an atomizing tower, wherein the atomizing nozzle is used for spraying atomizing fluid, the atomizing nozzle is arranged below the feeding device, the reducing gas spray ring is used for spraying reducing gas, the reducing gas spray ring is arranged below the atomizing nozzle, and the atomizing tower is arranged below the reducing gas spray ring. The invention also relates to a preparation method of the metal powder, which comprises the following steps: pouring the molten metal into the feeding device, spraying atomized fluid through the atomizing nozzle, and spraying reducing gas through the reducing gas spraying ring. The oxygen content of the metal powder prepared by the metal powder preparation device and the metal powder preparation method is reduced by more than 60 percent compared with the metal powder which is obtained by the simple aerosol method or the water mist method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of additive manufacturing, in particular to a device and a method for preparing metal powder.
Background
Additive manufacturing commonly known as 3D printing can be used for directly producing parts with complex shapes, is rapidly developed in recent years, and is applied to the fields of aerospace, health care, automobiles, art, buildings and the like.
The metal powder used for metal 3D printing is required to have characteristics of good sphericity, narrow particle size distribution (particle size distribution is 15-53 μm), low oxygen content, good fluidity, and the like. However, research into such metal powders is relatively slow, and many manufacturers developing such powders have failed to completely match the metal 3D printing technology. Many manufacturers use water atomized metal powder for metal injection molding on selective laser or electron beam melting equipment, but problems such as poor powder flowability, irregular particle morphology, low forming density, laser irradiation sputtering, high oxygen content value and the like easily occur. The problem of high oxygen content of the metal powder directly affects the mechanical properties of the printed sample, so that the preparation of the metal powder with high quality and low oxygen content is imperative.
Currently, there are mainly water atomization and gas atomization methods for preparing metal powder, in which a block-shaped or rod-shaped metal is melted and then the melted metal is broken into fine particles by gas/liquid blowing or centrifugal force. However, the common water atomization method increases the oxygen content of metal powder due to the oxide generated by the reaction of water and high-temperature metal in the preparation process, the oxygen content of the prepared powder is more than 3000ppm, and the oxygen content of the powder prepared by the non-vacuum gas atomization method can reach more than 2000 ppm. The problem of high oxygen content of the metal powder in the traditional preparation method greatly limits the application of the metal powder in the 3D printing industry.
Disclosure of Invention
Accordingly, there is a need for an apparatus and a method for preparing metal powder, which can solve the problem of high oxygen content of metal powder prepared by the conventional apparatus and method for preparing metal powder.
A metal powder preparation device comprises a feeding device, an atomizing nozzle, a reducing gas spray ring and an atomizing tower;
the bottom of the feeding device is provided with a feeding hole;
The atomizing nozzle is used for spraying atomizing fluid and is arranged below the feeding device;
The reducing gas spraying ring is used for spraying reducing gas, the reducing gas spraying ring is arranged below the atomizing nozzle, the reducing gas spraying ring comprises a spraying ring body, the spraying ring body is provided with a liquid leakage hole for the molten metal to pass through, an air flow channel is arranged in the spraying ring body, the air flow channel comprises an air cavity and an air outlet channel which are sequentially arranged along the air flow direction, and the air cavity and the air outlet channel are of annular structures arranged around the liquid leakage hole;
the atomization tower is provided with an atomization inner cavity, an atomization tower inlet and an atomization tower outlet are respectively arranged at two ends of the atomization tower, the atomization tower is arranged below the reducing gas spraying ring, and the feeding device is communicated with the atomization inner cavity through the atomization tower inlet, the atomization nozzle, the liquid leakage hole and the atomization tower inlet.
In one embodiment, the air cavity is gradually narrowed at one side close to the air outlet channel and then is communicated with the air outlet channel, and the width of the air outlet channel towards the air outlet end of the liquid leakage hole is gradually increased.
In one embodiment, the opening width of the narrowest part of the air outlet channel is 1 mm-2 mm.
In one embodiment, the distance between the air outlet of the atomizing nozzle and the air outlet of the reducing gas spray ring in the vertical direction is 10 mm-40 mm.
In one embodiment, the weeping hole comprises an upper through hole portion and a lower through hole portion which are sequentially arranged along the feeding direction, and the inner diameter of the lower through hole portion is not smaller than the inner diameter of the upper through hole portion.
In one embodiment, the inner diameter of the lower portion of the through hole is gradually enlarged in the feeding direction.
In one embodiment, the inner diameter of the upper part of the through hole is 40-120 mm, and the inner diameter of the lower part of the through hole is 40-180 mm.
In one embodiment, the metal powder preparation device further comprises a collecting device, wherein the collecting device is communicated with an atomization tower outlet of the atomization tower.
A metal powder preparation method using the metal powder preparation apparatus, comprising the steps of:
Pouring molten metal into the feeding device; spraying an atomizing fluid through the atomizing nozzle, and spraying a reducing gas through the reducing gas spray ring;
The air inlet pressure of the reducing gas is 0.3 MPa-4.0 MPa;
The ratio of the volume of the reducing gas to the mass of the molten metal was 5cm 3/kg～60cm3/kg.
In one embodiment, the inlet pressure of the reducing gas is 1.5MPa to 2.5MPa; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
The ratio of the volume of the reducing gas to the mass of the molten metal was 25cm 3/kg～40cm3/kg.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
According to the metal powder preparation device and method provided by the invention, the reducing gas is sprayed in the metal powder atomization preparation process, the metal molten liquid flows through the atomizing nozzle below through the liquid inlet of the feeding device, the metal molten liquid is broken into small liquid drops under the impact of high-pressure gas or liquid, and the small liquid drops continuously move downwards under the action of gravity, and the reducing gas sprayed by the reducing gas spraying ring reduces the oxide on the surface of the metal powder into metal, so that the oxygen content of the prepared metal powder is reduced by more than 60% compared with that of the metal powder obtained by the original simple aerosol method or water mist method.
In addition, the metal powder prepared by the metal powder preparation device and method does not need secondary post-treatment or thermal reduction treatment, so that the post-process is saved, and the cost is saved. In addition, when the metal powder prepared by the method is used as a furnace return material, a plurality of refining deoxidizing processes can be omitted.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a metal powder production apparatus according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a reducing gas injection ring according to an embodiment;
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a reducing gas injection ring according to another embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order that the invention may be readily understood, a more complete description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a metal powder manufacturing apparatus 100 according to an embodiment includes a feeding device 110, an atomizing nozzle 120, a reducing gas spray ring 130, and an atomizing tower 140.
The feeding device 110 is used for receiving molten metal, a feeding hole (not shown) is formed in the bottom of the feeding device 110, and the molten metal flows into the metal powder preparation device 100 through the feeding hole for atomization.
The atomizing nozzle 120 is for spraying an atomizing fluid, and the atomizing nozzle 120 is disposed below the feeding apparatus 110.
The reducing gas spray ring 130 is used to spray the reducing gas, and the reducing gas spray ring 130 is disposed below the atomizing nozzle 120. The reducing gas injection ring 130 includes an injection ring body 132, and the injection ring body 132 has a weep hole 134 through which the molten metal passes. The spray ring body 132 is provided with an air flow channel 136, the air flow channel 136 comprises an air cavity 1364 and an air outlet channel 1366 which are sequentially arranged along the air flow direction, and the air cavity 1364 and the air outlet channel 1366 are annular structures arranged around the liquid leakage holes 134.
The atomizing tower 140 has an atomizing cavity 142, and an atomizing tower inlet 144 and an atomizing tower outlet 146 are respectively disposed at two ends of the atomizing tower 140, and the atomizing tower 140 is disposed below the reducing gas spray ring 130. The feed device 110 communicates with the atomizing chamber 142 through the atomizing tower inlet 144, the atomizing nozzle 120, the weep hole 134, and the atomizing tower inlet 144.
The metal powder manufacturing apparatus 100 described above sprays the atomizing fluid and the reducing gas through the two nozzles, respectively, so that the reducing gas can be efficiently utilized and a good reducing effect can be obtained.
In an alternative embodiment, the air flow passage 136 further includes an air inlet channel 1362, the air flow passage 136 being of linear bore, one end communicating with the air chamber 1364 and the other end for communicating with an external air supply.
In an alternative embodiment, the air chamber 1364 is gradually narrowed at a side near the air outlet channel 1366 and then communicates with the air outlet channel 1366, and the opening width of the air outlet channel 1366 toward the air outlet end of the weep hole 134 is gradually increased. In this way, the gas flow passage 136 has a structure in which the opening width is narrowed and then enlarged, and thus the gas flow passage 136 can pressurize the passing reducing gas to accelerate the discharge of the reducing gas. Further, in an alternative embodiment, the narrowest opening of the air outlet channel 1366 has a width of 1mm to 2mm. Too large a width, too small a reducing gas injection pressure, poor metal powder reduction effect, too small a width, difficult processing and forming of the reducing gas injection ring 130, and insufficient gas flow caused by too small a width, and poor reduction effect. In one particular embodiment, the narrowest opening width of the outlet channel 1366 is 1.5mm.
In an alternative embodiment, the distance between the air outlet of the atomizing nozzle 120 and the air outlet of the reducing gas spray ring 130 in the vertical direction is 10mm to 40mm, and in this distance range, the metal droplets are reduced by the reducing gas in the semi-solidified state, so that a better effect of reducing the oxygen content of the powder can be obtained. Further, in an alternative embodiment, the distance between the air outlet of the atomizing nozzle 120 and the air outlet of the reducing gas spray ring 130 in the vertical direction is 20mm to 30mm. In a specific embodiment, the distance between the air outlet of the atomizing nozzle 120 and the air outlet of the reducing gas spray ring 130 in the vertical direction is 26mm.
The weep hole 134 includes a through hole upper portion 1342 and a through hole lower portion 1344 disposed in sequence along the feed direction, and in an alternative embodiment, the inner diameter of the through hole lower portion 1344 is not smaller than the inner diameter of the through hole upper portion 1342. Compared with the gas atomization method, when the water atomization method is adopted to prepare the metal powder, the water atomization pressure is high, the formed spray included angle is large, the diameter of the lower portion 1344 of the through hole is larger than that of the upper portion 1342 of the through hole, and the metal liquid drops can fall into the atomization cavity 142 through the reduction gas spray ring 130 better, so that the reduction effect is promoted. Further, in an alternative embodiment, the inner diameter of the through-hole lower portion 1344 gradually enlarges in the feed direction. Further alternatively, the inner diameter of the through hole upper portion 1342 is 40mm to 120mm, and the inner diameter of the through hole lower portion 1344 is 40mm to 180mm. Further, in an alternative embodiment, the inner diameter of the upper portion 1342 of the through hole is 50mm to 80mm, and the inner diameter of the lower portion 1344 of the through hole is 50mm to 100mm. In a specific embodiment, the inner diameter of the upper portion 1342 of the through-hole is 55mm and the inner diameter of the lower portion 1344 of the through-hole is 76mm.
In an alternative embodiment, the metal powder manufacturing apparatus 100 further includes a collecting device 150 for collecting the manufactured metal powder, the collecting device 150 being in communication with the atomizing tower outlet 146 of the atomizing tower 140. Further, in an alternative embodiment, the metal powder manufacturing apparatus 100 further includes an outlet valve 160, the outlet valve 160 being disposed between the atomizing tower outlet 146 and the collecting apparatus 150. Further, in an alternative embodiment, the dispensing valve 160 is provided with a handle 162.
In an alternative embodiment, the bottom of the collection device 150 is provided with rollers 152 to facilitate movement of the metal powder preparation device 100.
In an alternative embodiment, metal powder manufacturing apparatus 100 further includes a suction fan 170, a suction opening of suction fan 170 being in communication with atomization chamber 142, suction fan 170 being configured to draw gas from atomization chamber 142, including unreacted reducing gas, after manufacturing is complete. Further, in an alternative embodiment, suction fan 170 is provided with a firing outlet 172.
In an alternative embodiment, the metal powder manufacturing apparatus 100 further includes an atomizing fluid conduit 180 and a reducing gas conduit 190, the atomizing fluid conduit 180 being in communication with the fluid passage (not shown) of the atomizing nozzle 120 to introduce the gas or liquid for atomization, the reducing gas conduit 190 being in communication with the gas flow passage 136 of the reducing gas spray ring 130 to introduce the reducing gas.
Further, the present embodiment also provides a metal powder manufacturing method using the metal powder manufacturing apparatus 100, the method including the steps of:
Pouring the molten metal melt into the feeder 110; spraying an atomizing gas or an atomizing liquid through the atomizing nozzle 120, and spraying a reducing gas through the reducing gas spray ring 130;
The air inlet pressure of the reducing gas is 0.3-4.0 MPa;
The ratio of the volume of the reducing gas to the mass of the molten metal is 5-60 cm 3/kg.
In an alternative embodiment, the reducing gas has an inlet pressure of 1.5 to 2.5MPa.
In an alternative embodiment, the ratio of the volume of the reducing gas to the mass of the molten metal is 25-40 cm 3/kg.
Example 1
Preparation of cobalt-chromium-molybdenum-tungsten alloy metal powder by high-pressure nitrogen atomization method
Molten cobalt-chromium-molybdenum-tungsten alloy with a melting temperature of 1650 ℃ is poured into a feeding device 110 of the metal powder preparation device 100, atomized by spraying high-pressure nitrogen through an atomizing nozzle 120, and reduced by spraying hydrogen through a reducing gas spraying ring 130. Wherein the inlet pressure of the hydrogen is 0.3MPa, and the ratio of the volume of the hydrogen to the mass of the molten metal is 60cm 3/kg. The oxygen content of the obtained cobalt-chromium-molybdenum-tungsten alloy powder is 985ppm through detection.
In addition, the high-pressure nitrogen gas is injected only through the atomizing nozzle 120 to atomize, and the reducing gas is not injected through the reducing gas injection ring 130 to reduce, so that the oxygen content of the prepared cobalt-chromium-molybdenum-tungsten alloy metal powder is 2600ppm under the same conditions.
Example 2
Preparation of cobalt-chromium-molybdenum-tungsten alloy metal powder by high-pressure nitrogen atomization method
Molten cobalt-chromium-molybdenum-tungsten alloy with a melting temperature of 1650 ℃ is poured into a feeding device 110 of the metal powder preparation device 100, atomized by spraying high-pressure nitrogen through an atomizing nozzle 120, and reduced by spraying hydrogen through a reducing gas spraying ring 130. Wherein the inlet pressure of the hydrogen is 2.5MPa, and the ratio of the volume of the hydrogen to the mass of the molten metal is 25cm 3/kg. The oxygen content of the obtained cobalt-chromium-molybdenum-tungsten alloy metal powder is 910ppm through detection.
Example 3
High-pressure nitrogen atomization method for preparing HPM31 die steel metal powder
The molten liquid of HPM31 die steel having a melting temperature of 1650 ℃ was poured into the feeder 110 of the metal powder production apparatus 100, atomized by injecting high-pressure nitrogen gas through the atomizing nozzle 120, and reduced by injecting carbon monoxide through the reducing gas injection ring 130. Wherein the inlet pressure of carbon monoxide is 2.15MPa, and the ratio of the volume of carbon monoxide to the mass of molten metal is 32.5cm 3/kg. The oxygen content of the prepared HPM31 die steel metal powder is 750ppm through detection.
In addition, the high-pressure nitrogen gas is injected only through the atomizing nozzle 120 to atomize, and the reducing gas is not injected through the reducing gas injection ring 130 to reduce, so that the oxygen content of the prepared HPM31 die steel metal powder is 2400ppm under the same conditions.
Example 4
Preparation of 316L alloy metal powder by water atomization method
The 316L alloy molten liquid having a melting temperature of 1620 ℃ is poured into the feeder 110 of the metal powder manufacturing apparatus 100, atomized by injecting high-pressure nitrogen gas through the atomizing nozzle 120, and reduced by injecting hydrogen gas through the reducing gas injection ring 130. Wherein the inlet pressure of the hydrogen is 4.0MPa, and the ratio of the volume of the hydrogen to the mass of the molten metal is 5cm 3/kg. The oxygen content of the obtained cobalt-chromium-molybdenum-tungsten alloy metal powder is 1500ppm through detection.
In addition, the atomization was performed by injecting high-pressure nitrogen gas only through the atomizing nozzle 120, and the reduction was performed without injecting a reducing gas through the reducing gas injection ring 130, and the oxygen content of the obtained 316L alloy metal powder was 3900ppm under the same conditions.
Example 5
Preparation of 316L alloy metal powder by water atomization method
The 316L alloy molten liquid having a melting temperature of 1620 ℃ is poured into the feeder 110 of the metal powder manufacturing apparatus 100, atomized by injecting high-pressure nitrogen gas through the atomizing nozzle 120, and reduced by injecting hydrogen gas through the reducing gas injection ring 130. Wherein the inlet pressure of the hydrogen is 1.5MPa, and the ratio of the volume of the hydrogen to the mass of the molten metal is 40cm 3/kg. The oxygen content of the obtained 316L alloy metal powder is 1300ppm through detection.
According to the metal powder preparation device 100 and the metal powder preparation method provided by the invention, the reducing gas is sprayed in the metal powder atomization preparation process, the metal molten liquid flows through the atomizing nozzle 120 below through the liquid inlet hole of the feeding device 110, the metal molten liquid is broken into small liquid drops under the impact of high-pressure gas or liquid, and the small liquid drops continuously move downwards under the action of gravity, and the reducing gas sprayed by the reducing gas spraying ring 130 reduces the oxide on the surface of the metal powder into metal, so that the oxygen content of the prepared metal powder is reduced by more than 60% compared with that of the metal powder obtained by the simple aerosol method or the water mist method.
In addition, the metal powder preparation device 100 and the metal powder prepared by the metal powder preparation method do not need secondary post-treatment or thermal reduction treatment, so that the post-process is saved, and the cost is saved. In addition, when the metal powder prepared by the method is used as a furnace return material, a plurality of refining deoxidizing processes can be omitted.
The technical features of the above embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The foregoing examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. The metal powder preparation device is characterized by comprising a feeding device, an atomizing nozzle, a reducing gas spray ring and an atomizing tower;
the bottom of the feeding device is provided with a feeding hole;
The atomizing nozzle is used for spraying atomizing fluid and is arranged below the feeding device;
The reducing gas spraying ring is used for spraying reducing gas, the reducing gas spraying ring is arranged below the atomizing nozzle, the reducing gas spraying ring comprises a spraying ring body, the spraying ring body is provided with a liquid leakage hole for the molten metal to pass through, an air flow channel is arranged in the spraying ring body, the air flow channel comprises an air cavity and an air outlet channel which are sequentially arranged along the air flow direction, and the air cavity and the air outlet channel are of annular structures arranged around the liquid leakage hole; the air cavity is communicated with the air outlet channel after being gradually narrowed at one side close to the air outlet channel, and the width of the air outlet channel towards the air outlet end of the liquid leakage hole is gradually increased;
The atomizing tower is provided with an atomizing inner cavity, two ends of the atomizing tower are respectively provided with an atomizing tower inlet and an atomizing tower outlet, the atomizing tower is arranged below the reducing gas spraying ring, the feeding device is communicated with the atomization inner cavity through the atomization tower inlet, the atomization nozzle, the liquid leakage hole and the atomization tower inlet;
The distance between the air outlet of the atomizing nozzle and the air outlet of the reducing gas spray ring in the vertical direction is 10 mm-40 mm.
2. The metal powder production apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the opening width at the narrowest part of the gas outlet passage is 1mm to 2mm.
3. The metal powder production apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a distance between the gas outlet of the atomizing nozzle and the gas outlet of the reducing gas spray ring in a vertical direction is 20mm to 30mm.
4. The apparatus for producing metal powder according to claim 1, wherein the weeping hole comprises a through-hole upper portion and a through-hole lower portion which are disposed in this order in the feed direction, and an inner diameter of the through-hole lower portion is not smaller than an inner diameter of the through-hole upper portion.
5. The apparatus for producing metal powder according to claim 4, wherein the inner diameter of the lower portion of the through-hole is gradually enlarged in the feeding direction.
6. The metal powder production apparatus according to claim 4, wherein an inner diameter of an upper portion of the through hole is 40mm to 120mm, and an inner diameter of a lower portion of the through hole is 40mm to 180mm.
7. The metal powder production apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a collecting device, wherein the collecting device is in communication with an atomizing tower outlet of the atomizing tower.
8. A metal powder production method, characterized in that the metal powder production apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is used, comprising the steps of:
Pouring molten metal into the feeding device; spraying an atomizing fluid through the atomizing nozzle, and spraying a reducing gas through the reducing gas spray ring;
The air inlet pressure of the reducing gas is 0.3 MPa-4.0 MPa;
the ratio of the volume of the reducing gas to the mass of the molten metal was 5cm 3/kg ~60cm3/kg.
9. The method for producing a metal powder according to claim 8, wherein the intake pressure of the reducing gas is 1.5MPa to 2.5MPa; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
The ratio of the volume of the reducing gas to the mass of the molten metal was 25cm 3/kg ~40cm3/kg.
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| CN201711321377.7A CN107999775B (en) | 2017-12-12 | 2017-12-12 | Metal powder preparation device and method |
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| CN201711321377.7A CN107999775B (en) | 2017-12-12 | 2017-12-12 | Metal powder preparation device and method |
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| CN107999775B true CN107999775B (en) | 2024-08-06 |
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| CN109848429B (en) * | 2019-03-05 | 2022-11-01 | 香港生产力促进局 | Combined device for preparing spherical metal powder by using gas atomization method |
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| JP2017145442A (en) * | 2016-02-16 | 2017-08-24 | ハード工業有限会社 | Metal powder production device |
| CN207806632U (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-09-04 | 广州纳联材料科技有限公司 | Apparatus for preparing metal powder |
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| GB712699A (en) * | 1952-07-13 | 1954-07-28 | Glacier Co Ltd | Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of metallic powders |
| CH625729A5 (en) * | 1977-07-19 | 1981-10-15 | Larson Rutger Konsult Ab | Method and apparatus for the production of metal powder |
| CN1174108A (en) * | 1996-08-20 | 1998-02-25 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Atomization process of metal and alloy powder |
| JP3598844B2 (en) * | 1998-09-29 | 2004-12-08 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | Method and apparatus for producing metal powder |
| CN103846447B (en) * | 2012-12-06 | 2016-04-27 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | The aerosolization preparation method of a kind of superfine spherical titanium or titanium alloy powder |
| CN106378461B (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2019-01-29 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of two-nozzle atomization device and method preparing 3D printing globular metallic powder |
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| JP2017145442A (en) * | 2016-02-16 | 2017-08-24 | ハード工業有限会社 | Metal powder production device |
| CN207806632U (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-09-04 | 广州纳联材料科技有限公司 | Apparatus for preparing metal powder |
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