CN107998609A - A kind of auxiliary walking exoskeleton robot system based on Multi-sensor Fusion - Google Patents

A kind of auxiliary walking exoskeleton robot system based on Multi-sensor Fusion Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107998609A
CN107998609A CN201810008043.2A CN201810008043A CN107998609A CN 107998609 A CN107998609 A CN 107998609A CN 201810008043 A CN201810008043 A CN 201810008043A CN 107998609 A CN107998609 A CN 107998609A
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China
Prior art keywords
module
wireless communication
diaphragm
sole
waist
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潘树文
马徐峰
李威燃
叶能兴
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Zhejiang University City College ZUCC
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Zhejiang University City College ZUCC
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Priority to CN201810008043.2A priority Critical patent/CN107998609A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63BAPPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B23/00Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body
    • A63B23/035Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body for limbs, i.e. upper or lower limbs, e.g. simultaneously
    • A63B23/04Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body for limbs, i.e. upper or lower limbs, e.g. simultaneously for lower limbs
    • A63B23/0405Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body for limbs, i.e. upper or lower limbs, e.g. simultaneously for lower limbs involving a bending of the knee and hip joints simultaneously
    • A63B23/0464Walk exercisers without moving parts
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61HPHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
    • A61H1/00Apparatus for passive exercising; Vibrating apparatus; Chiropractic devices, e.g. body impacting devices, external devices for briefly extending or aligning unbroken bones
    • A61H1/02Stretching or bending or torsioning apparatus for exercising
    • A61H1/0237Stretching or bending or torsioning apparatus for exercising for the lower limbs
    • A61H1/0255Both knee and hip of a patient, e.g. in supine or sitting position, the feet being moved together in a plane substantially parallel to the body-symmetrical plane
    • A61H1/0262Walking movement; Appliances for aiding disabled persons to walk
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63BAPPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B21/00Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices
    • A63B21/00181Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices comprising additional means assisting the user to overcome part of the resisting force, i.e. assisted-active exercising
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63BAPPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B24/00Electric or electronic controls for exercising apparatus of preceding groups; Controlling or monitoring of exercises, sportive games, training or athletic performances
    • A63B24/0087Electric or electronic controls for exercising apparatus of groups A63B21/00 - A63B23/00, e.g. controlling load
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25JMANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J9/00Programme-controlled manipulators
    • B25J9/0006Exoskeletons, i.e. resembling a human figure
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61HPHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
    • A61H2201/00Characteristics of apparatus not provided for in the preceding codes
    • A61H2201/16Physical interface with patient
    • A61H2201/1602Physical interface with patient kind of interface, e.g. head rest, knee support or lumbar support
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61HPHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
    • A61H2201/00Characteristics of apparatus not provided for in the preceding codes
    • A61H2201/16Physical interface with patient
    • A61H2201/1602Physical interface with patient kind of interface, e.g. head rest, knee support or lumbar support
    • A61H2201/164Feet or leg, e.g. pedal
    • A61H2201/1642Holding means therefor
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61HPHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
    • A61H2201/00Characteristics of apparatus not provided for in the preceding codes
    • A61H2201/16Physical interface with patient
    • A61H2201/1602Physical interface with patient kind of interface, e.g. head rest, knee support or lumbar support
    • A61H2201/165Wearable interfaces
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61HPHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
    • A61H2201/00Characteristics of apparatus not provided for in the preceding codes
    • A61H2201/50Control means thereof
    • A61H2201/5058Sensors or detectors
    • A61H2201/5061Force sensors
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63BAPPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B2220/00Measuring of physical parameters relating to sporting activity
    • A63B2220/50Force related parameters
    • A63B2220/51Force

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Rehabilitation Therapy (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Robotics (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Pain & Pain Management (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Manipulator (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention discloses a kind of auxiliary walking exoskeleton robot and its control system based on Multi-sensor Fusion, the robot includes backboard, waist fixed mechanism and legs and feet mechanism, backboard both ends are respectively fixedly connected with a waist fixed mechanism, the both ends of waist fixed mechanism are respectively rotatably connected a legs and feet mechanism, legs and feet mechanism includes sequentially connected hip joint mechanism, thigh, knee-joint mechanism, shank and shank fixed block mechanism, the control system includes waist module, left foot sole module and right crus of diaphragm sole module, each areal pressure value detected is sent to left foot module by right crus of diaphragm module, all foot force numerical value are sent to waist module by left foot module, last 3rd microcontroller integrates foot force value, angle value and acceleration magnitude analysis human body state in which, and then four steering engines of Collaborative Control rotate and reach the function that secondary row is walked.The False Rate of the system of the present invention is relatively low, judges precision height, protects the safety of user, and easy donning, easy to use.

Description

A kind of auxiliary walking exoskeleton robot system based on Multi-sensor Fusion
Technical field
The present invention relates to the fields such as intelligent measurement, exoskeleton robot, more particularly to one kind to be melted based on multisensor The auxiliary walking exoskeleton robot system of conjunction.
Background technology
Present auxiliary running gear method generally has:User is by automatic controller come the wearable ectoskeleton that controls Robot assisted running gear, is the equal of remote-controlled robot, reaches the function of auxiliary walking;Robot based on machine vision Running gear is aided in, robot is gathered by camera and obtains the information of surrounding, and then control machine through processor image procossing The posture of device people movement;The auxiliary running gear that athletic ground is fixed, rehabilitation training is carried out mainly for the patient that can not be walked. Fallen by these methods to detect, there are following problem:1) automatic controller is hidden in the presence of safety come the robot controlled Suffer from, and it is universal complicated, generalization is poor;2) scheme of image recognition is carried out there are many disturbing factors by camera, It can cause misjudgment when surrounding environment is excessively complicated, human body may be damaged;3) auxiliary that athletic ground is fixed Walking arrangement floor space is larger, and cost of manufacture is higher, and can not meet the psychological need and psychological needs of user, it is difficult to pushes away Broad-spectrum and.
The reliability that multi-sensor information fusion technology can improve whole system can simultaneously strengthen the confidence levels of data, carry High accuracy.And the advantage for the problems such as exactly multi-sensor fusion technology can solve detection, applied in auxiliary walking dermoskeleton In the design of bone robot system, human body state in which can be more accurately detected and prejudged, so as to fulfill more it is accurate more The more comfortable auxiliary walking of safety.
The content of the invention
For it is existing auxiliary running gear existing for function is single, take up a large area, safety coefficient is not high the problem of, this Invention provides a kind of auxiliary walking exoskeleton robot system based on Multi-sensor Fusion, and the system is wearable, precision is high and low Cost, and securely and reliably, concrete technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of auxiliary walking exoskeleton robot based on Multi-sensor Fusion, it is characterised in that the robot includes the back of the body Plate 1, waist fixed mechanism 2 and legs and feet mechanism, 1 both ends of backboard are respectively fixedly connected with a waist fixed mechanism 2, the waist The both ends of portion's fixed mechanism 2 are respectively rotatably connected a legs and feet mechanism, the legs and feet mechanism include hip joint mechanism 3, thigh 4, Knee-joint mechanism 5, shank 6 and shank fixed block mechanism 7, the hip joint mechanism include one 3-1 of hip joint connector and hip Two 3-2 of joint connector, the knee-joint mechanism 5 include two 5-2 of one 5-1 of knee joint connector and knee joint connector, institute The waist fixed mechanism 2 and one 3-1 of hip joint connector stated are rotatably connected, one 3-1 of hip joint connector, Two 3-2 of hip joint connector is connected by steering engine 7, two 3-2 of hip joint connector, thigh 4, one 5- of knee joint connector 1 is fixedly connected sequentially, and one 5-1 of knee joint connector, two 5-2 of knee joint connector are connected also by steering engine 7, described Two 5-2 of knee joint connector, shank 6, shank fixed block mechanism 7 are fixedly connected sequentially.
Further, the backboard 1, thigh 4 and shank 6 are made of carbon fiber, and miscellaneous part uses ABS material system Into.
A kind of control system of the auxiliary walking exoskeleton robot based on Multi-sensor Fusion as described above, its feature It is, which includes waist and two modules of sole;
The sole module includes left foot sole module and right crus of diaphragm sole module, and the right crus of diaphragm sole module includes the One microcontroller and the first power module being connected with first microcontroller, right crus of diaphragm force-sensing sensor, the first wireless communication Module, first power module are powered for the first microcontroller, and the right crus of diaphragm force-sensing sensor is used for detecting the person of being worn Right crus of diaphragm step on power, first wireless communication module gives right crus of diaphragm data sending to the second wireless communication module;
The left foot sole module includes second singlechip and the second source being connected with the second singlechip Module, left foot force-sensing sensor, the second wireless communication module and the 3rd wireless communication module, the second source module are the Two microcontrollers are powered, and the left foot that the left foot force-sensing sensor is used for detecting the person of being worn steps on power, second channel radio Letter module is used to receive the right crus of diaphragm data for coming from first wireless communication module, and the 3rd wireless communication module is used for a left side Right crus of diaphragm data sending gives the 4th wireless communication module;
The waist module includes the 3rd microcontroller and the 3rd power supply mould being connected with the 3rd described microcontroller Block, left leg attitude detection module, right leg attitude detection module, the 4th wireless communication module and motion-control module, described Three power modules are used to power for the 3rd microcontroller, and the left leg attitude detection module and right leg attitude detection module are used for obtaining Human leg with it is upright when angle offset and 3-axis acceleration value, the 4th wireless communication module receive and come from the 3rd nothing The left and right foot data of line communication module;The motion-control module includes the first steering engine, the left leg knee positioned at left leg hip joint Second steering engine in joint, the 3rd steering engine of right leg hip joint and the kneed 4th steering engine composition of right leg.
Further, the left foot force-sensing sensor and right crus of diaphragm force-sensing sensor be arranged in forefoot area, the 2nd~ 4 metatarsal areas and hindfoot areas, the information of human body sole is obtained by respective regions, so as to judge the motion state of human body.
Further, the sole module is installed in insole.
Further, the force-sensing sensor of the forefoot area for 3 respectively at the first remote section metatarsal, first At nearly section metatarsal and at the 5th nearly section metatarsal, the force-sensing sensor of the 2nd~4 metatarsal area is 1, at femur, The force-sensing sensor of the hindfoot areas is 1, at calcaneum.
Further, the force-sensing sensor is FSR402 force-sensing sensors.
Further, the left leg attitude detection module and right leg attitude detection module are six axis gyroscope acceleration Meter.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
The False Rate of the system of the present invention is relatively low, can effectively judge the state of human body, and melt with reference to multisensor The technology of conjunction analyzes the real-time status of human body.Pass through the rational deployment of force-sensing sensor so that the pressure value of collection can The rational state that lands for reflecting human body sole.After human body sole situation has correctly been grasped, examined with reference to the posture of waist Module is surveyed more accurately to judge whether human body wants walking, and then passes through motion-control module Collaborative Control hip joint and knee Four steering engines auxiliary user's walking in joint, user need to only use the power of very little easily to walk.System is sentenced in raising Disconnected precision, protects the safety of user, and possess easy donning, it is easy to use, improve the characteristics of users' satisfaction degree.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of the auxiliary walking exoskeleton robot based on Multi-sensor Fusion of the present invention
Fig. 2 is a kind of each module signal of the control system of the auxiliary walking exoskeleton robot based on Multi-sensor Fusion Figure;
Fig. 3 is the sole module pressure sensor subregion schematic diagram of control system;
Fig. 4 is force-sensing sensor schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is hip joint and kneed position limiting structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 is the flow chart of the control method of control system.
Embodiment
A kind of as shown in Figure 1, auxiliary walking exoskeleton robot based on Multi-sensor Fusion, it is characterised in that the machine Device people includes backboard 1, waist fixed mechanism 2 and legs and feet mechanism, and 1 both ends of backboard are respectively fixedly connected with a waist fixed mechanism 2, the both ends of the waist fixed mechanism 2 are respectively rotatably connected a legs and feet mechanism, and the legs and feet mechanism includes hip joint machine Structure 3, thigh 4, knee-joint mechanism 5, shank 6 and shank fixed block mechanism 7, the hip joint mechanism include hip joint connector Two 3-2 of one 3-1 and hip joint connector, the knee-joint mechanism 5 include one 5-1 of knee joint connector and knee joint connector Two 5-2, the waist fixed mechanism 2 and one 3-1 of hip joint connector are rotatably connected, hip joint connection One 3-1 of part, two 3-2 of hip joint connector are connected by steering engine 7, and two 3-2 of hip joint connector, thigh 4, knee joint connect One 5-1 of fitting is fixedly connected sequentially, and one 5-1 of knee joint connector, two 5-2 of knee joint connector connect also by steering engine 7 Connect, two 5-2 of knee joint connector, shank 6, shank fixed block mechanism 7 are fixedly connected sequentially.
In order to mitigate weight as much as possible, hardness and strength are improved, it is backboard 1 in bone robot of the invention, big Leg 4 and shank 6 are made of carbon fiber, and miscellaneous part is made of ABS material.
In addition, in order to protect the safety of user, prevent steering engine from rotating excessive angle injury knee joint, connect in hip joint It is all provided between two 3-2 of one 3-1 of fitting and hip joint connector, between two 5-2 of one 5-1 of knee joint connector and knee joint connector Position-limit mechanism is put, as shown in Figure 5.Realized by the clamping of two 5-2 of one 5-1 of knee joint connector and knee joint connector spacing.
As shown in Fig. 2, a kind of control system of the auxiliary walking exoskeleton robot based on Multi-sensor Fusion, the system Including waist and two modules of sole;
Sole module includes left foot sole module and right crus of diaphragm sole module, and right crus of diaphragm sole module is including the first microcontroller and The first power module, right crus of diaphragm force-sensing sensor, the first wireless communication module being connected with first microcontroller, the first power supply Module is powered for the first microcontroller, and the right crus of diaphragm that right crus of diaphragm force-sensing sensor is used for detecting the person of being worn steps on power, the first radio communication mold Block gives right crus of diaphragm data sending to the second wireless communication module;
Second source module, the left foot power that left foot sole module includes second singlechip and is connected with second singlechip are quick Sensor, the second wireless communication module and the 3rd wireless communication module, second source module are powered for second singlechip, left foot power The left foot that dependent sensor is used for detecting the person of being worn steps on power, and the second wireless communication module comes from the first wireless communication for reception The right crus of diaphragm data of module, the 3rd wireless communication module are used to give left and right foot data sending to the 4th wireless communication module;
Waist module includes the 3rd microcontroller and the 3rd power module being connected with equal 3rd microcontroller, the inspection of left leg posture Module, right leg attitude detection module, the 4th wireless communication module and motion-control module are surveyed, the 3rd power module is used to be the 3rd Microcontroller is powered, left leg attitude detection module and right leg attitude detection module be used for obtaining human leg with it is upright when angle it is inclined Move and 3-axis acceleration value, the 4th wireless communication module receive the left and right foot data from the 3rd wireless communication module;Movement Control module includes kneed second steering engine of the first steering engine, left leg, the 3rd rudder of right leg hip joint positioned at left leg hip joint Machine and the kneed 4th steering engine composition of right leg.
3rd microcontroller handles the data of sole module, and the data for combining left and right leg attitude detecting sensor judge The state of human body, and then control steering engine synergic rotation to reach the function that auxiliary is walked.
First microcontroller, second singlechip, the 3rd microcontroller select STM32F103RCT6, it is 12 double with 1 μ s The I/O reversal rates of ADC, the UART of 4 megabit per seconds, the SPI of 18 megabit per seconds, 18MHz, and consume 36mA in 72MHz and (own Peripheral hardware is in running order), drop to 2 μ A when standby, reduce power consumption, while there is reset circuit, low voltage test, pressure regulation Device, accurate RC oscillators etc..It is converted into here with STM32 come the pressure sensor analog signal detected to sole module Digital signal, and drive wireless communication module to carry out real-time data transmission, finally by the pressure Value Data from sole module and Data from left and right leg attitude detecting sensor are merged, the state of comprehensive descision human body.
First, second, third power module uses 3.7V lithium batteries (chargeable).
Left leg attitude detecting sensor selects six axis gyroscope acceleration of MPU6050 with right leg attitude detecting sensor Meter, it can adjust the range accuracy of accelerometer and gyroscope, can set high pass low-pass filtering respectively, can configure and enter low-power consumption Pattern, necessary moment can also connect three axis geomagnetic field sensors completely.MPU6050 compacts, reliability is high and precision expires The requirement of sufficient product.MPU6050 can effectively reduce the occupancy to mcu resource, and and mould by I2C and single chip communication Intend signal to compare, digital signal strong antijamming capability.Here left and right leg and vertical direction angulation are obtained with MPU6050 And three weeks acceleration magnitudes.
First wireless communication module, the second wireless communication module, the 3rd wireless communication module and the 4th radio communication mold Block selects less radio-frequency NRF24L01, both can carry out data interaction.It is a to be operated in 2.4GHz~2.5GHz worlds The monolithic wireless transceiver chip of general purpose I SM frequency ranges.Wireless transceiver includes:Frequency generator, enhanced ShockBurstTMMould Formula controller, power amplifier, crystal oscillator, modulator, demodulator.Output power, channel selection and the setting of agreement can It is configured by SPI interface.It has an extremely low current drain feature, current drain (2000kbps) under emission mode 11.3mA.And minimum supply voltage is 1.9V.Meanwhile NRF24L01 has abundant Peripheral Interface.
Due to needing to obtain from the valid data with sole, it is necessary to by each several part signal acquisition of sole and analyze people The center of gravity of body.The layout of force-sensing sensor is based primarily upon each areal pressure of sole point when human body is in a variety of walking states The situation of cloth is different, can be divided into three regions according to the main stressing conditions of sole, specific subregion is as shown in figure 3, this fall detection Device places five sensors respectively in left and right foot, and the stressing conditions of sole forefoot are complex, therefore uses three distributions Pressure sensor detect the pressure condition of forefoot.Left foot places L1~L5, and right crus of diaphragm places R1~R5, amounts to 10 sensings Device, is distributed in human body forefoot, the 2nd~4 metatarsal and hindfoot areas, and the center of gravity of human body is judged by these regions, and As one of tumble judge index.
The type selecting of pressure sensor:Pressure sensor species is very much, such as condenser type, pressure resistance type, piezoelectric type, wherein big absolutely Majority is not suitable for measuring plantar pressure there are volume is too big or the reason such as poor accuracy.So biography that the system uses Sensor needs the features such as comfortable and easy to wear, small, precision is high.According to these features, the more of plantar pressure measurement are considered A factor, have finally chosen FSR402 force-sensing sensors as measuring cell.The operation principle of FSR402 force-sensing sensors such as Fig. 4 It is shown.When the pressure for coming from the external world acts on the induction zone of force-sensing sensor, the resistance value of FSR402 can change.And with The increase of external forces, the resistance value of FSR402 can be reduced.FSR402 provides two output pins, passes through point of external circuits Pressure value is converted to magnitude of voltage and measured by pressure principle.
FSR402 force-sensing sensors are made of high molecular polymer film, length 53mm, sensitive part it is a diameter of 7.6mm, thickness 0.3mm, have the characteristics that slim, soft, compact, the detection of suitable plantar pressure.With surface pressing Increase, the resistance value of FSR reduces, and has preferable sensitivity.Pressure signal measuring circuit is electric by FSR caused by plantar pressure The change of resistance is converted to voltage signal, is output to central control module data acquisition.Since FSR is piezoresistive type sensors, And electrical conductivity and pressure value are linear relationships.
Right crus of diaphragm module is first by force-sensing sensor in each subregion gathered data of sole, then carries out modulus through the first microcontroller and turn Change, the second wireless communication module of left foot module is finally delivered a packet to by the first wireless communication module.Left foot module is first By force-sensing sensor in each subregion gathered data of sole, then through second singlechip progress analog-to-digital conversion, pass through the second channel radio Believe that module receives the data from right crus of diaphragm module, finally sent out left and right foot foot force Value Data bag by the 3rd wireless communication module Give the 4th wireless communication module of waist module.
Wherein, the algorithm of sole comes from the data fusion between bipod.When left and right, bipod surveys data and is sent to waist Microcontroller after, it will carry out algorithm judgement:As shown in Fig. 2, left and right bipod amount to ten sensors (L1~L5 and R1~ R5), respectively it is divided into three regions, left foot LA、LB、LC, right crus of diaphragm RA、RB、RC, pressure sensor is connected to after connecting amplifying circuit On microcontroller, what is detected converts the electrical signal to digital signal for analog signal, microcontroller by the analog-digital converter carried, A threshold value P being set, if the digital signal converted is more than P, then it represents that the position corresponding to the sensor lands, labeled as 1, Otherwise it is labeled as 0.Now elaborate, if L1*L2+L3*L2>=1, then represent forefoot area and land;If L4=1, then represent side Sole lands;If L5=1, then represent heel and land, do not land if 0 representative.
By substantial amounts of experiment test and statistical analysis, the most people road that makes a move can be analyzed to seven states, constantly week And renew, the feature of each areal pressure value of each state sole can be drawn by being compared by analysis, can be by the sole pressure that detects Power situation analysis human body state in which, and then drive the auxiliary walking of steering engine cooperative motion.This seven states and feature are respectively:
Right crus of diaphragm heel lands, left foot forward roll, and left foot prepares to step (state 1) forward:The forefoot of left foot at this time Region detection detects obvious pressure to obvious pressure, the hindfoot areas of right crus of diaphragm:
FLA=1&&FRB=1
Right crus of diaphragm lands completely, and left foot is in swing state (state 2) by liftoff:Three regions of right crus of diaphragm are all detected at this time To obvious pressure, the forefoot area of left foot detects obvious pressure:
FLA=1&&FR=1
Right crus of diaphragm lands completely, and left foot heel lands (state 3):Three regions of right crus of diaphragm all detect obvious pressure at this time Power, the hindfoot areas of left foot detect obvious pressure:
FLB=1&&FR=1
Left foot heel lands, right crus of diaphragm forward roll, and right crus of diaphragm prepares to step (state 4) forward:The metapedes area of left foot at this time Domain detects obvious pressure, and the forefoot area of right crus of diaphragm detects obvious pressure:
FLB=1&&FRA=1
Left foot lands completely, and right crus of diaphragm is in swing state (state 5) by liftoff:Three region detections of left foot arrive at this time Obvious pressure, the forefoot area of right crus of diaphragm detect obvious pressure:
FL=1&&FRA=1
Left foot lands completely, and right crus of diaphragm is completely liftoff to be in swing state (state 6):Three region detections of left foot arrive at this time Obvious pressure, three regions nothing of right crus of diaphragm detect obvious pressure:
FL=1
Left foot lands completely, and right crus of diaphragm heel lands (state 7):Three region detections of left foot are pressed to obvious at this time Power, the hindfoot areas of right crus of diaphragm detect obvious pressure:
FL=1&&FRB=1
In formula, FLFor the left foot pressure situation of human body, FRFor the right crus of diaphragm pressure situation of human body, FLAIt is left for human body Foot forefoot area pressure situation, FLBFor human body left foot hindfoot areas pressure situation, FRAFor human body right crus of diaphragm forefoot Region pressure situation, FRBFor human body right crus of diaphragm hindfoot areas pressure situation.
After obtaining each areal pressure value of two soles, it is also necessary to detected with reference to the attitude detecting sensor positioned at left and right leg Left and right leg and vertical direction angulation and its 3-axis acceleration value, carry out comprehensive analysis and judgement, Collaborative Control, works as sole During in each state:
State 1:Two leg angulations are angle maximum in a walking period at this time, and the reversion of the first steering engine makes right thigh To be drawn close to vertical direction, the second steering engine, which rotates forward, bends right leg, and the 3rd steering engine, which rotates forward, makes left thigh be drawn close to vertical direction, the The reversion of four steering engines bends left leg.
State 2:Left leg is in swing state at this time, and the reversion of the first steering engine makes first drawn close to vertical direction of right thigh deviate again For vertical direction up to being negative angle in vertical direction with certain numerical value, the second steering engine, which rotates forward, makes right leg degree of crook diminish, The rotating forward of 3rd steering engine makes left thigh be drawn close to vertical direction and deviates vertical direction again until in vertical direction with certain numerical value for just Angle, the 4th steering engine rotate forward left leg degree of crook is diminished.
State 3:Angle between two legs constantly increases, the first steering engine reversion make right thigh continue deviate vertical direction, second Steering engine reversion certain angle bends right leg, and the 3rd steering engine, which rotates forward, makes left thigh continue to deviate vertical direction, and the 4th steering engine is just Turn to make left leg degree of crook diminish.
State 4:First steering engine, which rotates forward, makes right thigh be drawn close to vertical direction, and the second steering engine reversion certain angle makes right leg Bending, the reversion of the 3rd steering engine make left thigh be drawn close to vertical direction, and the 4th steering engine, which rotates forward, makes left leg degree of crook diminish.
State 5:Right leg is in swing state, and the first steering engine, which rotates forward, makes right thigh deviate vertical direction, and the second steering engine rotates forward Certain angle makes right leg degree of crook diminish, and the reversion of the 3rd steering engine makes left thigh be drawn close to vertical direction, and the 4th steering engine rotates forward Left leg degree of crook is set to diminish.
State 6:First steering engine, which rotates forward, makes right thigh deviate vertical direction, and the second steering engine, which rotates forward certain angle, makes right leg curved Qu Chengdu diminishes, and the reversion of the 3rd steering engine makes left thigh deviate vertical direction, and the 4th steering engine reversion certain angle makes left leg slightly Bending.
State 7:The first steering engine, which rotates forward, at this time makes right thigh deviate vertical direction, and the second steering engine, which rotates forward certain angle, makes the right side small Leg degree of crook diminishes, and the reversion of the 3rd steering engine makes left thigh deviate vertical direction, and the reversion of the 4th steering engine makes left leg degree of crook Become larger, the angle between two legs constantly increases, and system can change steering engine motion state automatically if restriction angle is reached.
The algorithm of the pressure value processing of the sole sensor of the present invention comes from the data fusion between bipod.When left and right two Foot is surveyed data and is sent to after the STM32 processors of waist, it will carries out algorithm judgement:Left and right bipod amounts to ten sensors (L1~L5 and R1~R5):Given threshold P, for judging the pressure value of human body sole detection, when pressure value is through analog-digital converter When being converted into being more than P after digital signal, it is judged as that human body sole region then touches ground, when pressure value is through analog-digital converter When being converted into being less than P after digital signal, then judge that human body sole region departs from ground.The STM32 processors of waist module drive The dynamic six axis gyroscope accelerometers of MPU6050 positioned at left and right leg obtain the angle of left and right leg and vertical direction and thirdly axis adds Velocity amplitude, control is cooperateed with by each areal pressure value of comprehensive sole, two legs with vertical direction angle and its 3-axis acceleration value Four steering engines of system rotate, the real-time status of energy accurate judgement human body, play safer, more comfortable auxiliary walking function.
The control method of the control system of the present invention is described further in conjunction with Fig. 6:
First, user is put on into the footwear containing pressure sensor insole, first, second power module is each module at this time Each several part be powered, first, second power module uses 3.7V lithium batteries, and program brings into operation at this time, and each module carries out Initialization.The resistance value in force-sensing sensor FSR402 is converted into magnitude of voltage using the method for partial pressure at the same time.In this way, when opening , can be so that sole each several part works normally during first, second power module.Then, user puts on exoskeleton robot system System, the module of waist are controlled by the 3rd microcontroller, and the 3rd microcontroller STM32F103 will receive the acceleration of six axis gyroscopes of MPU6050 The data for spending meter simultaneously carry out acceleration, angle analysis, and combine and come from the data of sole to judge whether human body falls.This Sample, after opening the 3rd power module, waist modules enter normal mode of operation.At this moment, after testee starts walking, By the way that positioned at left and right bipod, totally ten force-sensing sensor FSR402 gather left and right bipod (i.e. forefoot, the 2nd~4 metatarsal and heel) Each areal pressure value of right crus of diaphragm is sent to the second nothing of left foot by data, the first microcontroller of right crus of diaphragm by the first wireless communication module Each areal pressure value packing of bipod sole is passed through the 3rd wireless communication module together by line communication module, the second singlechip of left foot The 4th wireless communication module of waist is sent to, the 3rd microcontroller of waist will judge human body institute according to each areal pressure value of sole The state at place, and four angle value, the acceleration magnitude Collaborative Control steering engines obtained with reference to six axis gyroscope accelerometers of MPU6050 Rotate.If the angle of two legs exceedes threshold value, the 3rd microcontroller STM32F103 controls steering engine collaboration reversion, keeps using at once The gait that person normally walks.Once detecting that two feet of user all land completely, then it is judged as rest of standing, steering engine continues to turn It is dynamic two legs is stopped operating after being in vertical state.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of auxiliary walking exoskeleton robot based on Multi-sensor Fusion, it is characterised in that the robot includes backboard (1), waist fixed mechanism (2) and legs and feet mechanism, the backboard (1) both ends are respectively fixedly connected with a waist fixed mechanism (2), institute The both ends for the waist fixed mechanism (2) stated respectively are rotatably connected a legs and feet mechanism, and the legs and feet mechanism includes hip joint mechanism (3), thigh (4), knee-joint mechanism (5), shank (6) and shank fixed block mechanism (7), the hip joint mechanism are closed including hip Section connector one (3-1) and hip joint connector two (3-2), the knee-joint mechanism (5) include one (5- of knee joint connector 1) with knee joint connector two (5-2), the waist fixed mechanism (2) and the hip joint connector one (3-1) can turn Dynamic connection, the hip joint connector one (3-1), hip joint connector two (3-2) are connected by steering engine (7), the hip Joint connector two (3-2), thigh (4), knee joint connector one (5-1) are fixedly connected sequentially, the knee joint connector One (5-1), knee joint connector two (5-2) are connected also by steering engine (7), the knee joint connector two (5-2), shank (6), shank fixed block mechanism (7) is fixedly connected sequentially.
2. the auxiliary walking exoskeleton robot according to claim 1 based on Multi-sensor Fusion, the backboard (1), thigh (4) and shank (6) are made of carbon fiber, and miscellaneous part is made of ABS material.
A kind of 3. control system of the auxiliary walking exoskeleton robot based on Multi-sensor Fusion as claimed in claim 1 or 2 System, it is characterised in that the system includes waist and two modules of sole;
The sole module includes left foot sole module and right crus of diaphragm sole module, and it is single that the right crus of diaphragm sole module includes first Piece machine and the first power module being connected with first microcontroller, right crus of diaphragm force-sensing sensor, the first wireless communication module, First power module is powered for the first microcontroller, and the right crus of diaphragm force-sensing sensor is used for detecting the right crus of diaphragm for the person of being worn Power is stepped on, first wireless communication module gives right crus of diaphragm data sending to the second wireless communication module;
The left foot sole module include second singlechip and be connected with the second singlechip second source module, Left foot force-sensing sensor, the second wireless communication module and the 3rd wireless communication module, the second source module are single for second Piece machine is powered, and the left foot that the left foot force-sensing sensor is used for detecting the person of being worn steps on power, second radio communication mold Block is used to receive the right crus of diaphragm data for coming from first wireless communication module, and the 3rd wireless communication module is used for left and right foot Data sending gives the 4th wireless communication module;
The waist module includes the 3rd microcontroller and the 3rd power module being connected with the 3rd described microcontroller, a left side Leg attitude detection module, right leg attitude detection module, the 4th wireless communication module and motion-control module, the 3rd power supply Module is used to power for the 3rd microcontroller, and the left leg attitude detection module and right leg attitude detection module are used for obtaining human leg Portion with it is upright when angle offset and 3-axis acceleration value, the 4th wireless communication module receive and come from the 3rd wireless communication The left and right foot data of module;The first steering engine, the left leg that the motion-control module includes being located at left leg hip joint are kneed Second steering engine, the 3rd steering engine of right leg hip joint and the kneed 4th steering engine composition of right leg.
4. system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the left foot force-sensing sensor and right crus of diaphragm force-sensing sensor Forefoot area, the 2nd~4 metatarsal area and hindfoot areas are arranged in, the information of human body sole is obtained by respective regions, So as to judge the motion state of human body.
5. the system according to claim 3 or 4, it is characterised in that the sole module is installed in insole.
6. system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the force-sensing sensor of the forefoot area is 3 points Not Wei Yu at the first remote section metatarsal, at the first nearly section metatarsal with the 5th nearly section metatarsal, the power of the 2nd~4 metatarsal area Dependent sensor is 1, and at femur, the force-sensing sensor of the hindfoot areas is 1, at calcaneum.
7. according to the system any one of claim 3-6, it is characterised in that the force-sensing sensor is FSR402 power Dependent sensor.
8. according to the system any one of claim 3-7, it is characterised in that the left leg attitude detection module and the right side Leg attitude detection module is six axis gyroscope accelerometers.
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CN114888776A (en) * 2022-04-24 2022-08-12 河北工业大学 Passive foot assisting mechanism integrating double sensors and heterogeneous elastic elements

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Application publication date: 20180508