CN107996891A - A kind of Larimichthys crocea juvenile fish artifical compound feed of growth promotion reducing fat abnormal deposition - Google Patents
A kind of Larimichthys crocea juvenile fish artifical compound feed of growth promotion reducing fat abnormal deposition Download PDFInfo
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- CN107996891A CN107996891A CN201810013100.6A CN201810013100A CN107996891A CN 107996891 A CN107996891 A CN 107996891A CN 201810013100 A CN201810013100 A CN 201810013100A CN 107996891 A CN107996891 A CN 107996891A
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- yellow croaker
- abnormal deposition
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- 241001596950 Larimichthys crocea Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 230000000366 juvenile effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title abstract description 13
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 235000021323 fish oil Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000000944 linseed oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 235000021388 linseed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229960004203 carnitine Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- JLPULHDHAOZNQI-ZTIMHPMXSA-N 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC JLPULHDHAOZNQI-ZTIMHPMXSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000019733 Fish meal Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000004467 fishmeal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229940083466 soybean lecithin Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000019742 Vitamins premix Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 claims description 54
- PHIQHXFUZVPYII-ZCFIWIBFSA-N (R)-carnitine Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)C[C@H](O)CC([O-])=O PHIQHXFUZVPYII-ZCFIWIBFSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 229960001518 levocarnitine Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- YBJHBAHKTGYVGT-ZKWXMUAHSA-N (+)-Biotin Chemical compound N1C(=O)N[C@@H]2[C@H](CCCCC(=O)O)SC[C@@H]21 YBJHBAHKTGYVGT-ZKWXMUAHSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- AUNGANRZJHBGPY-SCRDCRAPSA-N Riboflavin Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)CN1C=2C=C(C)C(C)=CC=2N=C2C1=NC(=O)NC2=O AUNGANRZJHBGPY-SCRDCRAPSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- OVBPIULPVIDEAO-LBPRGKRZSA-N folic acid Chemical compound C=1N=C2NC(N)=NC(=O)C2=NC=1CNC1=CC=C(C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 OVBPIULPVIDEAO-LBPRGKRZSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N fumaric acid group Chemical group C(\C=C\C(=O)O)(=O)O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-IEOSBIPESA-N α-tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2O[C@@](CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-IEOSBIPESA-N 0.000 claims 2
- GDSOZVZXVXTJMI-SNAWJCMRSA-N (e)-1-methylbut-1-ene-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(/C)=C(C(O)=O)\CCC(O)=O GDSOZVZXVXTJMI-SNAWJCMRSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001763 2-hydroxyethyl(trimethyl)azanium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- BCZXFFBUYPCTSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium propionate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCC([O-])=O.CCC([O-])=O BCZXFFBUYPCTSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019743 Choline chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 229910021580 Cobalt(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- AUNGANRZJHBGPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-Lyxoflavin Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)CN1C=2C=C(C)C(C)=CC=2N=C2C1=NC(=O)NC2=O AUNGANRZJHBGPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycine Natural products NCC(O)=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004471 Glycine Substances 0.000 claims 1
- SQUHHTBVTRBESD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hexa-Ac-myo-Inositol Natural products CC(=O)OC1C(OC(C)=O)C(OC(C)=O)C(OC(C)=O)C(OC(C)=O)C1OC(C)=O SQUHHTBVTRBESD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- MJVAVZPDRWSRRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Menadione Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C(C)=CC(=O)C2=C1 MJVAVZPDRWSRRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000168 Microcrystalline cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- OVBPIULPVIDEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pteroyl-L-glutaminsaeure Natural products C=1N=C2NC(N)=NC(=O)C2=NC=1CNC1=CC=C(C(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 OVBPIULPVIDEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Niacin Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- JZRWCGZRTZMZEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiamine Natural products CC1=C(CCO)SC=[N+]1CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1N JZRWCGZRTZMZEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229940022663 acetate Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N all-trans-retinol Chemical compound OC\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229940087168 alpha tocopherol Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001046 anti-mould Effects 0.000 claims 1
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- 235000020958 biotin Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011616 biotin Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- FAPWYRCQGJNNSJ-UBKPKTQASA-L calcium D-pantothenic acid Chemical compound [Ca+2].OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC([O-])=O.OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC([O-])=O FAPWYRCQGJNNSJ-UBKPKTQASA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 229960002079 calcium pantothenate Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004330 calcium propionate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000010331 calcium propionate Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052927 chalcanthite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- SGMZJAMFUVOLNK-UHFFFAOYSA-M choline chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCO SGMZJAMFUVOLNK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 229960003178 choline chloride Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- FDJOLVPMNUYSCM-WZHZPDAFSA-L cobalt(3+);[(2r,3s,4r,5s)-5-(5,6-dimethylbenzimidazol-1-yl)-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-3-yl] [(2r)-1-[3-[(1r,2r,3r,4z,7s,9z,12s,13s,14z,17s,18s,19r)-2,13,18-tris(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)-7,12,17-tris(3-amino-3-oxopropyl)-3,5,8,8,13,15,18,19-octamethyl-2 Chemical compound [Co+3].N#[C-].N([C@@H]([C@]1(C)[N-]\C([C@H]([C@@]1(CC(N)=O)C)CCC(N)=O)=C(\C)/C1=N/C([C@H]([C@@]1(CC(N)=O)C)CCC(N)=O)=C\C1=N\C([C@H](C1(C)C)CCC(N)=O)=C/1C)[C@@H]2CC(N)=O)=C\1[C@]2(C)CCC(=O)NC[C@@H](C)OP([O-])(=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](N2C3=CC(C)=C(C)C=C3N=C2)O[C@@H]1CO FDJOLVPMNUYSCM-WZHZPDAFSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052564 epsomite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
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- 239000011724 folic acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycine betaine Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000003630 glycyl group Chemical group [H]N([H])C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims 1
- 229960000367 inositol Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- CDAISMWEOUEBRE-GPIVLXJGSA-N inositol Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O CDAISMWEOUEBRE-GPIVLXJGSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000357 manganese(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 229940016286 microcrystalline cellulose Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019813 microcrystalline cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
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- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000001968 nicotinic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- ZUFQODAHGAHPFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridoxine hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.CC1=NC=C(CO)C(CO)=C1O ZUFQODAHGAHPFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229960002477 riboflavin Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019192 riboflavin Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002151 riboflavin Substances 0.000 claims 1
- CDAISMWEOUEBRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N scyllo-inosotol Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C1O CDAISMWEOUEBRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019157 thiamine Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 229960003495 thiamine Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011721 thiamine Substances 0.000 claims 1
- KYMBYSLLVAOCFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiamine Chemical compound CC1=C(CCO)SCN1CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1N KYMBYSLLVAOCFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229960000984 tocofersolan Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011715 vitamin B12 Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011647 vitamin D3 Substances 0.000 claims 1
- QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-YRZJJWOYSA-N vitamin D3 Chemical group C1(/[C@@H]2CC[C@@H]([C@]2(CCC1)C)[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)=C\C=C1\C[C@@H](O)CCC1=C QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-YRZJJWOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011652 vitamin K3 Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011686 zinc sulphate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000004835 α-tocopherol Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
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- PHIQHXFUZVPYII-ZCFIWIBFSA-O (R)-carnitinium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)C[C@H](O)CC(O)=O PHIQHXFUZVPYII-ZCFIWIBFSA-O 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 43
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- WSMYVTOQOOLQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malondialdehyde Chemical compound O=CCC=O WSMYVTOQOOLQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000020660 omega-3 fatty acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000020665 omega-6 fatty acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000770 proinflammatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N triformin Chemical compound O=COCC(OC=O)COC=O UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019737 Animal fat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000155172 Cymbaria Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010059866 Drug resistance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010019708 Hepatic steatosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108010007622 LDL Lipoproteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000007330 LDL Lipoproteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
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- 102000004895 Lipoproteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102000004316 Oxidoreductases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000854 Oxidoreductases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000276618 Perciformes Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000219061 Rheum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009411 Rheum rhabarbarum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001417494 Sciaenidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000540 analysis of variance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000941 bile Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of artifical compound feed for improving large yellow croaker liver fat abnormal deposition, includes 30 40 parts of fish meal, 25 30 parts of dregs of beans, 20 25 parts of wheat flour, 1.5 3 parts of fish oil, 1.5 3 parts of linseed oil, 1.5 3 parts of soya-bean oil, 1.5 3 parts of lard, 1.5 3 parts of chicken fat, 12 parts of soybean lecithin, 13 parts of vitamin premix, 13 parts of mineral substance premix, 0.08 0.12 parts of phagostimulant, 0.08 0.12 parts of mould inhibitor, 0.05 0.11 parts of carnitine.Artifical compound feed in the present invention has enough effectively facilitated growth, antioxidase activity and the utilization ratio to fat of Larimichthys crocea juvenile fish, improves liver fat abnormal conditions, improves culture benefit, saved feed cost, fanning economics are good.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fish feed preparing technical field, and in particular to a kind of rheum officinale of growth promotion reducing fat abnormal deposition
Fish juvenile fish artifical compound feed.
Background technology
Larimichthys crocea category Perciformes, Sciaenidae, yellow croaker category, also referred to as yellow croaker, Cymbaria dahurica, Larimichthys crocea is the distinctive seawater in China
Economic fish, counts according to China fisheries yearbook, and rheum officinale fish crop in 2016 is 16.55 ten thousand tons, occupies marine fish culture yield the
One.The increase of cultured output causes also constantly to increase the demand of fish oil, and the stock number of fish oil is limited, this also results in fish
Oil price lattice rise steadily, and usually fish oil is substituted with cheap vegetable oil or animal oil in production.
Vegetable oil supply is stablized, availability is high；Cholesterol in animal oil is the important component of Fish tissue cell,
It is the important source material for synthesizing bile and some hormones, is preferable fish oil alternate source in production.However, in actual production
Fish oil is substituted with vegetablefats source and animal fat sources, Larimichthys crocea juvenile fish can not be met to n-3 and n-6 aliphatic acid
Reasonable demand, usually also results in large yellow croaker liver fat abnormal deposition, causes Larimichthys crocea metabolic capability to reduce, immunity degradation
The problems such as.This also just proposes the nutritional requirement of higher to the feed formula of Larimichthys crocea.
Illustrate, when substituting fish oil with cheap fat source in production, should also meet that Larimichthys crocea juvenile fish is more to long-chain
Unrighted acid demand, just can guarantee that the physiological health of Larimichthys crocea juvenile fish, improve liver fat caused by being substituted due to fish oil
Abnormal deposition problem.Therefore, a kind of Larimichthys crocea artifical compound feed of growth promotion reducing fat abnormal deposition is invented, to reducing feed
Cost, meet the needs of Larimichthys crocea is to aliphatic acid and maintain the physiological health of Larimichthys crocea to be of great significance.
The content of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Larimichthys crocea juvenile fish artifical compound feed of growth promotion reducing fat abnormal deposition, i.e.,
It is a kind of to meet Larimichthys crocea to n-3LC-PUFA demands and suitable n-3/n-6 fatty acid proportions and cause fatty abnormal
The feed of deposition, utilizes fatty acid absorption so as to improve Larimichthys crocea juvenile fish, reaches and promote Larimichthys crocea juvenile growth, aliphatic acid generation
Thank, immunity and reduce feed cost purpose.
The artifical compound feed of Larimichthys crocea juvenile fish provided by the present invention, be in Larimichthys crocea artifical compound feed component,
The fat source mixture replacing formed with the vegetable oil added with carnitine and animal oil is no more than 75% fish oil；
The ratio of vegetable oil and animal oil is 1.5-2.5 wherein in fat source mixture:1；
Preferably, vegetable oil is soya-bean oil and linseed oil is soya-bean oil and linseed oil mixed in equal amounts；
Animal oil is lard or chicken fat；
The additive amount of carnitine is 600-1200mg carnitines/Kg feeds；
The specific record of one kind as embodiment, the people provided by the present invention for improving large yellow croaker liver fat abnormal deposition
Work mixed feed, includes the component of following parts by weight：30-40 parts of fish meal, 25-30 parts of dregs of beans, 20-25 parts of wheat flour, fish oil
1.5-3 parts, 1.5-3 parts of linseed oil, 1.5-3 parts of soya-bean oil, 1.5-3 parts of lard, 1.5-3 parts of chicken fat, 1-2 parts of soybean lecithin, dimension
Raw 1-3 parts of premix of element, 1-3 parts of mineral substance premix, 0.08-0.12 parts of phagostimulant, 0.08-0.12 parts of mould inhibitor, carnitine
0.06-0.12 parts.
In a preferable specific embodiment, include the component of following parts by weight：35 parts of fish meal, 28 parts of dregs of beans, wheat
23.8 parts of powder, 1.875 parts of fish oil, 1.875 parts of linseed oil, 1.875 parts of soya-bean oil, 1.875 parts of lard, 1.5 parts of soybean lecithin, dimension
Raw 2 parts of premix of element, 2 parts of mineral substance premix, 0.1 part of phagostimulant, 0.1 part of mould inhibitor, 0.08 part of l-carnitine.
In a preferable specific embodiment, include the component of following parts by weight：35 parts of fish meal, 28 parts of dregs of beans, wheat
23.8 parts of powder, 1.875 parts of fish oil, 1.875 parts of linseed oil, 1.875 parts of soya-bean oil, 1.875 parts of chicken fat, 1.5 parts of soybean lecithin, dimension
Raw 2 parts of premix of element, 2 parts of mineral substance premix, 0.1 part of phagostimulant, 0.1 part of mould inhibitor, 0.10 part of l-carnitine.
After above-mentioned raw materials co-grinding, mix in proportion, after rubbing oil stranding water sieving with the hands, stirred, extruded by feed manufacturing machine,
Up to artifical compound feed of the present invention after cutting.
Compared with normal diet, the artifical compound feed of improvement large yellow croaker liver fat abnormal deposition of the invention have with
Under several advantages：(1) feed nutrition made is rational in infrastructure, meets the needs of Larimichthys crocea juvenile fish is to EPA and DHA and suitable n-
3/n-6 ratios, can improve the speed of growth and feed efficiency of Larimichthys crocea juvenile fish；(2) hepatic fat content and part-blood are reduced
The content of biochemical indicator is starched, improves rheum officinale fish fats abnormal deposition；(3) hepatic antioxidant vigor is improved, does not add antibiotic,
Larimichthys crocea will not be made to produce drug resistance, it is green safe；(4) improve liver fat acid oxidase and transport the expression of related gene, suppression
The expression of liver inflammatory gene processed, can improve fish liver fatty acid metabolism and be immunized；
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1：Vegetable oil and lard mix the influence figure to large yellow croaker liver lipolysis and synthetic gene；
Fig. 2：Vegetable oil and lard mix the influence figure to large yellow croaker liver fat transfer gene expression；
Fig. 3：Vegetable oil and lard mix the influence figure to large yellow croaker liver interleukin related gene expression；
Fig. 4：The influence figure that large yellow croaker liver proinflammatory gene is expressed in vegetable oil and lard mixing；
Fig. 5：Vegetable oil and chicken fat mix the influence figure to large yellow croaker liver lipolysis and synthetic gene；
Fig. 6：Vegetable oil and chicken fat mix the influence figure to large yellow croaker liver fat transfer gene expression；
Fig. 7：Vegetable oil and chicken fat mix the influence figure to large yellow croaker liver interleukin related gene expression；
Fig. 8：The influence figure that large yellow croaker liver proinflammatory gene is expressed in vegetable oil and chicken fat mixing.
Embodiment
It has been found that existing vegetable oil or animal oil can cause large yellow croaker liver to go out to substitute the feed of fish oil preparation
Existing fat abnormal deposition.Therefore, Larimichthys crocea can be met to n-3LC-PUFA need obtaining one kind after long-term research
The n-3/n-6 fatty acid proportions for summing suitable, and do not cause the feed of fatty abnormal deposition, so as to improve Larimichthys crocea juvenile fish to fat
Fat acid absorbs, and achievees the purpose that to promote Larimichthys crocea juvenile growth, fatty acid metabolism, immunity and reduces feed cost；From
And facilitate the present invention.
With reference to specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
Take 35 parts of raw material fish meal after crushing, 28 parts of dregs of beans, 23.8 parts of wheat flour, 1.875 parts of fish oil, linseed oil 1.875
Part, 1.875 parts of soya-bean oil, 1.875 parts of lard, 1.5 parts of soybean lecithin, 2 parts of vitamin premix, 2 parts of mineral substance premix, lures
0.1 part of agent is eaten, 0.1 part of mould inhibitor, 0.08 part of l-carnitine, crosses 100 mesh sieves.Above-mentioned raw materials are added in mixer step by step above-mentioned
Weighted each component, is uniformly mixed, and after the granulation of fodder machine mechanical presses, drying, packing pack, obtains the present invention and change
The artifical compound feed of kind large yellow croaker liver fat abnormal deposition.
Experiment enforcement place is located at Bay, Ningde, Fujian Province, with reference to Larimichthys crocea juvenile fish basic components, prepares three kinds of realities for waiting the fat such as nitrogen
Feed is tested, fish oil group basal feed (0% alternate sets of fish oil) and soya-bean oil, linseed oil and lard mixed in equal amounts substitute 75% fish oil
Basal feed (75% alternate sets), and in 75% alternate sets addition addition 800mg/kg l-carnitine (75% substitute+
800mg/Kg carnitines group).
Larimichthys crocea juvenile fish is raised after 10 weeks, the results are shown in Table 1, adds 800mg/ with 75% miscella and 75% miscella
The carnitine alternate sets of Kg, do not make significant difference the survival rate of Larimichthys crocea juvenile fish.Compared with the Larimichthys crocea of 0% alternate sets, addition
The Larimichthys crocea rate of body weight gain of the carnitine of 800mg/Kg, feed efficiency dramatically increase.Compared to the Larimichthys crocea of 75% alternate sets, addition
800mg/Kg carnitines are to Larimichthys crocea liver body than with certain reduction effect.Illustrate on the basis of the fish oil that miscella substitutes 75%
The carnitine of addition 800mg/Kg can increase the rate of body weight gain and feed efficiency of Larimichthys crocea juvenile fish, and to Larimichthys crocea juvenile fish liver body than having
There is certain reduction effect.
1 soya-bean oil of table, linseed oil and lard mixing substitute influence of the fish oil to rheum officinale fish body routine
Table 2 and table 3 understand that the carnitine for adding 800mg/Kg with 75% miscella and 75% miscella substitutes fish oil, to big
The body component of yellow croaker juvenile fish does not make significant difference.Compared with the Larimichthys crocea of 0% alternate sets, the carnitine of 800mg/Kg is added to Larimichthys crocea
Muscle and hepatic fat content are without significant difference.Compared to the Larimichthys crocea of 75% alternate sets, the big of 800mg/Kg carnitine groups is added
Yellow croaker hepatic fat content reduces 14.04%, and serum triglyceride reduces 25.34%, and serum low-density LP-courage is solid
Alcohol reduces 32.26%, and serum high-density LP adds 37.5%.Illustrate with soya-bean oil, linseed oil, lard mixed in equal amounts
Substitute that addition 800mg/Kg carnitines can reduce Larimichthys crocea juvenile fish liver fat abnormal deposition on the basis of 75% fish oil and serum is sweet
Oily three esters and low-density lipoprotein, and increase the content of serum middle-high density lipoprotein.
2 soya-bean oil of table, linseed oil and lard mixing substitute influence (% weight in wet base) of the fish oil to rheum officinale fish body routine
Numerical value has same letter to represent significantly not difference (P>0.05；Tukey is examined) (average ± standard error).
3 soya-bean oil of table, linseed oil and lard mixing substitute influence of the fish oil to Larimichthys crocea Biochemical Indices In Serum
Numerical value has same letter to represent significantly not difference (P>0.05；Tukey is examined) (average ± standard error).
As known from Table 4, compared with the Larimichthys crocea of 0% alternate sets, Larimichthys crocea children can be increased by adding the carnitine of 800mg/Kg
Fish Liver Superoxide Dismutase Activity vigor 37.81%, does not make significant difference malonaldehyde, total antioxidation and activity of catalase.
Compared to the Larimichthys crocea of 75% alternate sets, the large yellow croaker liver superoxide dismutase enzyme activity increase of addition 800mg/Kg carnitine groups
52.13%, antioxidative activities add 50.49%.Illustrate substituting 75% fish with soya-bean oil, linseed oil, lard mixed in equal amounts
800mg/Kg carnitines are added in oil, Larimichthys crocea juvenile fish hepatic antioxidant vigor can be increased.
4 soya-bean oil of table, linseed oil and lard mixing substitute influence of the fish oil to the anti-oxidant enzyme activity of large yellow croaker liver
Numerical value has same letter to represent significantly not difference (P>0.05；Tukey is examined) (average ± standard error).
It was found from Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, compared with the Larimichthys crocea of 0% alternate sets, add 800mg/Kg's on the basis of being substituted 75%
Carnitine can dramatically increase the expression of Larimichthys crocea juvenile fish liver CPT-1, HL and CD36.In Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, substituted compared to 75%
The Larimichthys crocea of group, the expression of the scorching gene of IL-10 and Arg-1 suppressions can significantly be raised by adding the carnitine of 800mg/Kg, and significantly be pressed down
The expression of rhubarb fish liver TNF α and IFN γ.Illustrate in 75% fish oil is substituted with soya-bean oil, linseed oil, lard mixed in equal amounts
800mg/Kg carnitines are added, the decomposition, oxidation and the expression for transporting related gene of Larimichthys crocea juvenile fish liver fat can be increased, and
Improve the expression of large yellow croaker liver inflammatory related gene.
Test data represents that result of the test carries out one-way analysis of variance with SPSS20.0 softwares with average value ± standard error
(ANOVA) analyze, (the P when significant difference<0.05) Tukey Multiple range tests, are carried out.Letter expression different behind data in table
There were significant differences, shows to be not significantly different without letter mark.
Embodiment 2
With the lard in chicken fat alternative embodiment 1, carnitine additive amount is 1000mg/kg, other experiment feed formulas and feeding
The mode of supporting is identical with embodiment 1.Prepare three kinds of experiment feeds for waiting the fat such as nitrogen, fish oil group basal feed (0% alternate sets) and
Soya-bean oil, linseed oil and chicken fat mixed in equal amounts substitute the basal feed (75% alternate sets) of 75% fish oil, add in 75% alternate sets
Add the l-carnitine (75% replacement+1000mg/kg carnitines group) of 1000mg/kg.
As shown in table 5, the carnitine for adding 1000mg/Kg with 75% miscella and 75% miscella substitutes fish oil, to rheum officinale
The survival rate of fish juvenile fish does not make significant difference.Compared with 0% alternate sets Larimichthys crocea, the carnitine for adding 1000mg/Kg dramatically increases greatly
Yellow croaker rate of body weight gain, feed efficiency.Compared to the Larimichthys crocea of 75% alternate sets, addition 1000mg/Kg carnitines are to Larimichthys crocea liver body ratio
Acted on certain reduction.Illustrate substituting 75% fish oil and addition with soya-bean oil, linseed oil, chicken fat mixed in equal amounts
The carnitine of 1000mg/Kg can increase the rate of body weight gain and feed efficiency of Larimichthys crocea juvenile fish, have one to Larimichthys crocea juvenile fish liver body ratio
Fixed reduction effect.
5 soya-bean oil of table, linseed oil and chicken fat mixing substitute influence of the fish oil to rheum officinale fish body routine
Table 6 and table 7 understand that the carnitine for adding 1000mg/Kg with 75% miscella and 75% miscella substitutes fish oil, to big
The body component of yellow croaker juvenile fish does not make significant difference.Compared with the Larimichthys crocea of 0% alternate sets, the carnitine of 1000mg/Kg is added to rheum officinale
Fish tissue fat content is without significant difference.Compared to the Larimichthys crocea of 75% alternate sets, the Larimichthys crocea of addition 1000mg/Kg carnitine groups
Hepatic fat content reduces 10.86%, and serum cholesterol reduces 36.95%, and serum triglyceride reduces 30.69%,
Serum low-density LP-cholesterol reduces 24.00%, and serum high-density LP adds 48.08%.Illustrate with beans
Oil, linseed oil, lard mixed in equal amounts, which substitute 75% fish oil and add the carnitine of 1000mg/Kg, can improve Larimichthys crocea juvenile fish liver
Dirty fat abnormal deposition and Biochemical Indices In Serum.
6 soya-bean oil of table, linseed oil and chicken fat mixing substitute influence (% weight in wet base) of the fish oil to rheum officinale fish body routine
Numerical value has same letter to represent significantly not difference (P>0.05；Tukey is examined) (average ± standard error).
7 soya-bean oil of table, linseed oil and chicken fat mixing substitute influence of the fish oil to Larimichthys crocea Biochemical Indices In Serum
Numerical value has same letter to represent significantly not difference (P>0.05；Tukey is examined) (average ± standard error).
As shown in Table 8, compared with the Larimichthys crocea of 0% alternate sets, the carnitine of 1000mg/Kg is added to Larimichthys crocea juvenile fish liver
Superoxide dismutase, malonaldehyde, total antioxidation and activity of catalase do not make significant difference.It is big compared to 75% alternate sets
Yellow croaker, the large yellow croaker liver superoxide dismutase enzyme activity of addition 1000mg/Kg carnitine groups add 19.49%, total antioxidation
Power adds 64.76%.Illustrate to add 1000mg/Kg meat in 75% fish oil is substituted with soya-bean oil, linseed oil, chicken fat mixed in equal amounts
Alkali, can increase Larimichthys crocea juvenile fish hepatic antioxidant vigor.
8 soya-bean oil of table, linseed oil and chicken fat mixing substitute influence of the fish oil to the anti-oxidant enzyme activity of large yellow croaker liver
Numerical value has same letter to represent significantly not difference (P>0.05；Tukey is examined) (average ± standard error).
It was found from Fig. 5, Fig. 6, compared with the Larimichthys crocea of 0% alternate sets, adding the carnitine of 1000mg/Kg can dramatically increase
The expression of Larimichthys crocea juvenile fish liver CPT-1, HL and CD36.In figures 7 and 8,1000mg/Kg is added on the basis of being substituted 75%
Carnitine can significantly raise the expression of the scorching gene of IL-10 and Arg-1 suppressions, and significantly inhibit large yellow croaker liver TNF α and IFN γ
Expression.Illustrate to substitute to be no more than in 75% fish oil with soya-bean oil, linseed oil, chicken fat mixed in equal amounts to add 1000mg/Kg carnitines, can
To increase the decomposition of Larimichthys crocea juvenile fish liver fat, oxidation and the expression for transporting related gene, and improve large yellow croaker liver inflammatory.
Test result indicates that, Larimichthys crocea juvenile fish can be effectively facilitated using the artifical compound feed in the present invention by above-mentioned
Growth, antioxidase activity and to fat utilization ratio, improve liver fat abnormal conditions, improve culture benefit,
Feed cost is saved, fanning economics are good.
Above-described is only highly preferred embodiment of the present invention, all timess done in the range of the spirit and principles in the present invention
What modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of mixed feed for improving large yellow croaker liver fat abnormal deposition, it is characterised in that according to the raw material bag of parts by weight
Include：30-40 parts of fish meal, 25-30 parts of dregs of beans, 20-25 parts of wheat flour, 1.5-3 parts of fish oil, 1.5-3 parts of linseed oil, soya-bean oil 1.5-3
Part, 1.5-3 parts of lard, 1.5-3 parts of chicken fat, 1-2 parts of soybean lecithin, 1-3 parts of vitamin premix, mineral substance premix 1-3
Part, 0.08-0.12 parts of phagostimulant, 0.08-0.12 parts of mould inhibitor, 0.05-0.11 parts of carnitine.
2. as claimed in claim 1 improve large yellow croaker liver fat abnormal deposition mixed feed, it is characterised in that including with
The component of lower parts by weight：35 parts of fish meal, 28 parts of dregs of beans, 23.8 parts of wheat flour, 1.875 parts of fish oil, 1.875 parts of linseed oil, soya-bean oil
1.875 parts, 1.875 parts of lard, 1.5 parts of soybean lecithin, 2 parts of vitamin premix, 2 parts of mineral substance premix, phagostimulant 0.1
Part, 0.1 part of mould inhibitor, 0.08 part of l-carnitine.
3. as claimed in claim 1 improve large yellow croaker liver fat abnormal deposition mixed feed, it is characterised in that including with
The component of lower parts by weight：35 parts of fish meal, 28 parts of dregs of beans, 23.8 parts of wheat flour, 1.875 parts of fish oil, 1.875 parts of linseed oil, soya-bean oil
1.875 parts, 1.875 parts of chicken fat, 1.5 parts of soybean lecithin, 2 parts of vitamin premix, 2 parts of mineral substance premix, phagostimulant 0.1
Part, 0.1 part of mould inhibitor, 0.08 part of l-carnitine.
4. the mixed feed of the improvement large yellow croaker liver fat abnormal deposition described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The dimension
Raw element premix is vitamin D3, vitamine A acetate, thiamine, vitamin B12(1%), riboflavin, pyridoxol-HCl, resists
Bad hematic acid, alpha-tocopherol, vitamin K3, calcium pantothenate, inositol, niacin, folic acid, biotin, choline chloride, microcrystalline cellulose.
5. the mixed feed of the improvement large yellow croaker liver fat abnormal deposition described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The ore deposit
Material premix is CuSO4·5H2O, Ca (IO3)2·6H2O, CoCl2·6H2O, FeSO4·H2O, MgSO4·7H2O, MnSO4·
H2O, NaSeSO3·5H2O, ZnSO4·H2O, CaH2PO4·H2O, zeolite powder.
6. the mixed feed of the improvement large yellow croaker liver fat abnormal deposition described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The meat
Alkali is l-carnitine, and the component of its parts by weight is 0.05-0.11 parts
7. the mixed feed of the improvement large yellow croaker liver fat abnormal deposition described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described lures
It is glycine and glycine betaine mixed in equal amounts to eat agent.
8. the mixed feed of the improvement large yellow croaker liver fat abnormal deposition described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described is anti-
Mould dose is fumaric acid and calcium propionate mixed in equal amounts.
9. a kind of mixed feed for improving large yellow croaker liver fat abnormal deposition, the artificial breeding for Larimichthys crocea juvenile fish.
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| CN108902566A (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2018-11-30 | 中国海洋大学 | A kind of rainbow trout culturing feed and its application |
| CN109497354A (en) * | 2019-01-03 | 2019-03-22 | 中国海洋大学 | Larimichthys crocea feed addictive, mixed feed and its preparation method and application |
| CN111513210A (en) * | 2020-05-07 | 2020-08-11 | 中国海洋大学 | Aquaculture feed |
| CN111972323A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-11-24 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Method for reducing fat content of cultured large yellow croaker |
| CN112075549A (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2020-12-15 | 湖北优百特生物工程有限公司 | Fat powder special for freshwater fish and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113142422A (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-07-23 | 广西大学 | Liver protecting agent and liver protecting feed for cultured fish |
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| CN108902566A (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2018-11-30 | 中国海洋大学 | A kind of rainbow trout culturing feed and its application |
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| CN113142422A (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-07-23 | 广西大学 | Liver protecting agent and liver protecting feed for cultured fish |
| CN116473176A (en) * | 2023-04-21 | 2023-07-25 | 中国海洋大学 | Amino acid compound for regulating liver lipid metabolism of large yellow croaker, large yellow croaker feed containing same and culture method of large yellow croaker |
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