CN107990329A - The method of multiple hearth furnace coupling gas stripping process pyrolysismethod recycling cream slurry waste material organic matter - Google Patents
The method of multiple hearth furnace coupling gas stripping process pyrolysismethod recycling cream slurry waste material organic matter Download PDFInfo
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- CN107990329A CN107990329A CN201711153905.2A CN201711153905A CN107990329A CN 107990329 A CN107990329 A CN 107990329A CN 201711153905 A CN201711153905 A CN 201711153905A CN 107990329 A CN107990329 A CN 107990329A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/38—Multi-hearth arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
- F23G2201/30—Pyrolysing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2202/00—Combustion
- F23G2202/10—Combustion in two or more stages
- F23G2202/103—Combustion in two or more stages in separate chambers
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
The method of multiple hearth furnace coupling gas stripping process pyrolysismethod recycling cream slurry waste material organic matter of the present invention belongs to hot resolution of waste material technical field, more particularly to a kind of method for multiple hearth furnace coupling gas stripping process pyrolysismethod recycling cream slurry waste material organic matter.Its purpose is to provide, a kind of energy consumption is low, processing mode is simple, the method for high treating effect multiple hearth furnace coupling gas stripping process pyrolysismethod recycling cream slurry waste material organic matter.The method of multiple hearth furnace coupling gas stripping process pyrolysismethod recycling cream slurry waste material organic matter of the present invention comprises the following steps：(1) cream pulpous state waste material is placed in homogenization groove and be homogenized；(2) the cream pulpous state waste material after homogenizing is sent into feeding machine with mud cake delivery pump；(3) the cream pulpous state waste material after homogenizing is sent into by processing in multiple hearth pyrolysis treatment systems by feeding machine and collects low-boiling-point organic compound with organic matter retracting device.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to hot resolution of waste material technical field, more particularly to a kind of multiple hearth furnace coupling gas stripping process pyrolysismethod that is used for returns
The method for receiving cream slurry waste material organic matter.
Background technology
In the crude oil storing station that oil field is set up, the tank bottom oil sludge come out from oil tank periodic cleaning is a kind of representative
, paste or pulpous state waste material containing high concentration low-boiling-point organic compound, having very high recycling value, organic matter therein
Composition is close with crude oil, is used as refinery stock oil product after recyclable.
In addition, local soil or surface water pollution caused by various accidental release accidents, if pollutant belong to boiling range compared with
For extensively but using low boiling point organic matter, as principal component, (representative substances include：Coal tar and its liquid derived product, organic agricultural chemicals
And its raw materials for production, oil and its roughing product) when, in incident processing procedure or pollutant acceptor is by preliminary place
After putting, can also produce containing high concentration, have recovery value organic matter paste or pulpous state waste material (such as：Leakage oil product is adsorbed
Fibrous material or powdery/granular active carbon or clay base adsorbent, contaminated soil, contaminated bed mud in river etc.).
The paste or pulpous state waste material of the low-boiling-point organic compound containing high concentration have common feature as in the table below：
This kind of paste or pulpous state organic waste materials also have an important generality characteristic, i.e.,：Give up under the conditions of certain temperature
Thermoplasticity deformation can occur for material, traditionally be referred to as " returning viscous phenomenon ", and this thermal deformation phenomenon is usually volatilized in organic principal component
Steam into gas phase stage (i.e. " organic principal component boiling range " humidity province) the most seriously, waste material is consolidated by original paste or pulpous state
Phase thing change into it is a kind of there is high viscosity, partial melting state thing phase, almost lose mechanically movable or again
Power mobility, the regular industrial furnace apparatus or distillation equipment commonly used can not adapt to this special thermoplasticity deformation phenomenon, this
It is the main reason for causing paste or pulpous state organic waste materials hot-working recovery and utilization technology can not slowly succeed.Crude oil adopts storage
The greasy filth waste material that process produces is its representative.
If moreover, in hot-working reclaimer exist " hot-zone " (localized hyperthermia, such as：Metal parts in industrial furnace,
The flame-thrower nozzle neighboring area of combustor, the heating coil outer wall set in distilling apparatus, flash distillation/air lift/stripping process device
High temperature gas medium nozzle periphery position when) when, above-mentioned viscosity thing, which is met, is quickly generated slagging or caking in hot-zone, not only can
Reduce the thermal efficiency of integral device, it is also possible to cause operation troubles even to trigger security incident.
Breakthrough in terms of since treatment technology can not be obtained for a long time, the spy of this kind of organic matter of low boiling point containing high concentration
Different paste or pulpous state waste material take scene to store up or fill or do extensive style burning disposal always, thus caused environment
Accident and environmental hazard had caused the extensive concern of the public already, were to be badly in need of carrying out one of danger wastes of harmless treatment.
Multiple hearth furnace pyrolytic technique system be a major class obtained in worldwide it is widely applied industry and life have
Machine discarded object is innoxious, minimizing, resource/energy thermal management application technology, already industrial and life contaminated water Treatment of Sludge,
It is suitable to scrap field successful application, the technologies such as printed circuit board (PCB) is handled, damaged tire is handled, biomass waste material is handled and utilized
It is ripe.Multiple hearth furnace pyrolytic technique system has also been included in high spot reviews scope by domestic petroleum extraction industry and petrochemical industry, and
Attempt using this technological system come handle adopt store oil process generation greasy filth waste material and recycle valuable oil product, but regret
Be fail effectively to break through so far this representative paste/pulpous state organic waste materials of greasy filth it is heated return viscous characteristic caused by equipment transport
Row problem, multiple hearth furnace device (multiple hearth pyrolysis treatment systems) and technological development business are also stymied by this.
According to existing result of the test, using the multiple hearth furnace apparatus system of conventional design to organic containing high concentration low boiling point
Matter, there is the paste for returning viscous characteristic or pulpous state discarded object be pyrolyzed-organic matter recycling when, there are following technology to ask
Topic：
(1) temperature control of dry section and heating rate problem
" the floor burner hearth of top 1 to 2 is taken in the multiple hearth furnace pyrolysis treatment systems commonly used, the design in its body in-furnace temperature area
It is pyrolysis zone (300~750 for dry section (100~220 DEG C, the moisture content level depending on raw material) 3 to 5 layers of+middle part burner hearth
DEG C) 1 to 2 layer of+bottom burner hearth be lime-ash cooling zone (300~450 DEG C) " function partition mode, except being provided with pyrolysis zone
Outside unit allocation furnace temperature of burning, the furnace temperature of dry section is to be controlled by the NATURAL DISTRIBUTION state of lower section pyrolysis temperature, bottom coohng
The furnace temperature in area is then realized dependent on the heat transfer process of plant air and high-temperature ash matter.It is dirty that this conventional design is suitable for waste water
Mud, waste tire, the pyrolysis processing for scrapping printed circuit board (PCB) the like waste, but applied to the cream of the organic matter of low boiling point containing high concentration
When shape or pulpous state waste material, the concentration that the NATURAL DISTRIBUTION temperature in functions/drying area is exactly in low boiling point organic matter distillates area, therefore cream
Shape waste material has enough time to change into viscous mass phase due to slowly heated, and gradually in rake teeth, (bare metal component, belongs to drying
" hot-zone " in area) surface forms slagging block, and further adheres to new sticky material, and make the gap between rake teeth complete by material
The function of being full of and lose stirring and promote material to be moved on siege, the time is slightly long, and viscous material " can also be climbed along rake teeth
Liter " is to the top of rake arms and forms hard slagging " shell ", makes stove moving component entirely ineffective, causes to shut down.
Once took and add burning unit in the first or second burner hearth, and dry section furnace temperature is increased using supplement fuel
Simple solution, but due to combustor flame in burner hearth caused by local extreme high temperature, the organic matter rate of recovery significantly drops
It is low that (there occurs the complex reaction process such as high temperature polymerization, cracking, partial oxidation, nitration, makes the increase of incoagulable gas yield, leads
The organic matter yield that recycling is coagulated in refrigeration reduces), and the hard slagging block that machine nozzle is formed about that burns can rapidly result in combustor
Group is shut down.
Also once attempted top siege laying with labyrinth passage double-decker steel heat sink, using conduction oil,
The high-temperature hot-air for setting up burning on fume in high temperature and setting up hot-blast stove generation does heat source to improve dry section operation temperature, to the greatest extent
Pipe can alleviate the formation speed of viscous mass phase to a certain degree, but since " hot-zone " area acutely increases, and the heat resistance of steel
The permission upper limit (highest can make dry section temperature maintain 280 DEG C or so) of furnace temperature can be constrained with component heat exchange efficiency, is added
Material (there are safety in production hidden danger) is significantly accelerated to the high temperature erosion of steel, cause application effect undesirable.
Attempts have been made to high-temperature flue gas that the fire coal that will be separately provided or fuel oil incinerator produce or will recycle organic matter it
Multiple hearth furnace pyrolysis tail gas (containing certain density combustible gas component) afterwards introduces rear-mounted afterburner and is produced through thoroughly burning
High-temperature flue gas, directly drain into multiple hearth furnace dry section as temperature raising medium, but since pipe heat dissipation is excessive, high-temperature flue gas is defeated
Device is sent to be difficult to long trouble free operation, exhaust gas dust to recycling the quality of organic matter and the seriously affecting of application performance, investing
The problems such as being ramping up with operation cost, is not also received by user.
(2) the overall pyrolysis excessive problem of plant energy consumption
With the multiple hearth furnace pyrolysis installation of wastewater sludge can reach or close to autothermal equilibrium effect compared with, containing high concentration
The paste or pulpous state discarded object of low boiling point organic matter are although its own calorific value will generally be far above wastewater sludge, and moisture content is general
Be markedly inferior to wastewater sludge, be fully able to realize autothermal equilibrium operating mode in theory, but practical application the results show that for this
For the pyrolysis processing of kind material, the technical process of a highly energy-consuming is exactly usually expressed as.
The reason for its essence, is：Since the organic composition in this paste/pulpous state organic waste materials is mostly low boiling
Point component, its boiling range are concentrated mainly on 150 to 350 DEG C of temperature provinces (in the region, 80% to 85% in cream/pulpous state waste material
Organic matter occurs gasification and enters gas phase composition).In multiple hearth furnace device, low boiling point organic matter can be able to gas in dry section mostly
Change and depart from solid phase states of matter, the calorific value of waste material is cut down before pyrolysis reaction region there occurs violent after entering, really is able to
The organic matter for participating in pyrolytic reaction process is quite few.
Moreover, be recycling organic composition therein using the free-revving engine of this waste material of multiple hearth furnace heat treatment,
User is typically reluctant to be passed through the plant air of appropriate flow in pyrolysis zone, passes through to improve the rate of recovery of organic composition
Partial oxidation reaction cracks and the thermal energy needed for gasification to compensate higher boiling organic matter.
In fact, the accurate appellation of pyrolysis processing mechanism of multiple hearth furnace should be " anoxycausis/partial oxidation reaction " and
It is not normally understood " destructive distillation-cracking reaction ".Why wastewater sludge can realize the autothermal equilibrium pyrolysis processing of multiple hearth furnace
Operating mode, exactly due to happens is that organic matter and the partial oxidation for being cracked to form fuel gas are anti-in middle part pyrolysis reaction region
Should, the high-temperature technology flue gas of output compensate for thermal energy needed for pyrolysis zone, and have superfluous thermal energy to be carried to drying upwards by flue gas
Area, heat drying processing is carried out to sludge.
If the multiple hearth furnace pyrolysis functional areas not to extraordinary cream/pulpous state waste material are passed through plant air, or the technique being passed through
Air capacity much smaller than chemical reaction formula weight ratio (such as：≤ 25% formula weight is than air dosage), then it can only occur in pyrolysis reaction region
The gasification of organic matter and cracking reaction in solid phase composition, the two reactions are all endothermic reaction processes, this is to cause stove overall
Energy consumption is beyond the main reason for being expected.
The content of the invention
The present invention is to provide that a kind of energy consumption is low, processing mode is simple, treatment effect to solve above technical problem
The method of good multiple hearth furnace coupling gas stripping process pyrolysismethod recycling cream slurry waste material organic matter.The present invention as high as possible has obtaining
On the premise of the machine matter rate of recovery, make at extraordinary paste or pulpous state discarded object the multiple hearth pyrolysis containing high concentration low boiling point organic matter
The energy consumption of reason system is reduced to minimum degree as far as possible.
The present invention relates to a kind of method of multiple hearth furnace coupling gas stripping process pyrolysismethod recycling cream slurry waste material organic matter, the side
Method comprises the following steps：
(1) cream pulpous state waste material is placed in homogenization groove and be homogenized；
(2) the cream pulpous state waste material after homogenizing is sent into feeding machine with mud cake delivery pump；
(3) the cream pulpous state waste material after homogenizing is sent into multiple hearth pyrolysis treatment systems by feeding machine；
(4) heat, multiple hearth pyrolysis are provided for multiple hearth pyrolysis treatment systems by fireplace combustor and external combustor
At least provided with six layers of burner hearth in processing system；Cream pulpous state waste material after homogenizing is from top to bottom successively by first layer burner hearth, second
Layer burner hearth, third layer burner hearth, the 4th layer of burner hearth, layer 5 burner hearth, layer 6 burner hearth, the low-boiling-point organic compound in cream pulpous state waste material
Recycled with the organic matter retracting device on multiple hearth pyrolysis treatment systems top, that is, complete to recycle in the slave cream pulpous state waste material of the present invention
High concentration low-boiling-point organic compound.
Preferably, the first layer burner hearth material temperature control is at 280~320 DEG C.
Preferably, the second layer burner hearth material temperature control is at 350~400 DEG C.
Preferably, the third layer burner hearth material temperature control is at 350~400 DEG C.
Preferably, the 4th layer of burner hearth material temperature control is at 500~550 DEG C.
Preferably, the layer 5 burner hearth material temperature control is at 600~650 DEG C.
Preferably, the layer 6 burner hearth material temperature control is at 280~350 DEG C.
Use low boiling point containing high concentration organic matter paste/pulpous state discarded object tailored version multiple hearth pyrolysis processing system of the present invention
System recycles the low boiling point organic matter in cream pulpous state waste material, and specific process flow chart is shown in Fig. 1, this is one and has coupled height
Warm flue gas extracting (air lift/flash distillation) organic matter (is then recycled) setting for the multiple hearth furnace pyrolysis processing process system of technology
Count legend.
Wherein first layer burner hearth and second layer burner hearth extract (air lift/flash distillation) function section for high-temperature flue gas, for by entirely
The moisture in portion and most of low boiling point organic matter are removed from solid-phase material and formed into gas phase, then in the form of process tail gas
Drained into follow-up organic matter recycle device system；
Third layer burner hearth is pyrolytic reaction section to layer 5 burner hearth, and remaining higher boiling or ADSORPTION STATE have in solid phase
Machine matter occurs high-temperature gasification and/or partial oxidation reaction occurs with plant air, and the gas-phase product of generation is further empty with technique
Layer combustion reaction occurs for gas, generates high temperature pyrolysis flue gas, and partial fume is directly drained into the high-temperature flue gas extracting functional areas of top
Section, remainder in counter current contacting exchange heat along the tortuous rising of material-dropping hole in stove and with solid material,
Layer 6 burner hearth is lime-ash cooling zone, and the plant air that high-temperature ash is added with furnace bottom exchanges heat.
The multiple hearth pyrolysis treatment systems structure chart of above-mentioned use is shown in Fig. 2, and multiple hearth pyrolysis treatment systems include multiple hearth
Pyrolysis oven, feeding unit, external combustion chamber and control main frame, the entrance connection feeding unit of the multiple hearth pyrolysis oven go out
Mouthful, it is equipped with external combustor in the external combustion chamber；From top to bottom include high-temperature flue gas inside the multiple hearth pyrolysis oven to take out
Carry thorax, pyrolytic reaction thorax and lime-ash cooling thorax；Connected on the side wall of the high-temperature flue gas extracting thorax with the entrance of external combustion chamber；
It is connected on the side wall of the pyrolytic reaction thorax side with the exit of high-temperature flue gas drainage tube, the high-temperature flue gas drainage tube
Inlet connection high-temperature flue gas extracting thorax；Multiple wall embeded combustors are fixed with the side wall of the pyrolytic reaction thorax；It is described more
Driving motor, feeding unit, wall embeded combustor and the external combustor of burner hearth pyrolysis oven connect control main frame respectively.
Preferably, the exit of the high-temperature flue gas drainage tube is connected with the perpendicular angle of the side wall of multiple hearth pyrolysis oven,
The inlet is connected with the side wall of multiple hearth pyrolysis oven in tangent line or nearly tangential angle.
Preferably, the multiple hearth pyrolysis multiple air branch pipes of furnace bottom vertical connection, multiple air branch pipes are by heat
Plant air needed for solution reaction introduces lime-ash cooling thorax by multiple air branch pipes.
Preferably, it is equipped with process tail gas fairlead at the top of the multiple hearth pyrolysis oven；The side of the process tail gas fairlead
Oxygen analyser is installed, the oxygen analyser is connected with control main frame on wall.
Preferably, the output terminal of the process tail gas fairlead is connected with organic matter retracting device.
Preferably, each air branch pipe is connected with plant air input pipe, on the plant air input pipe
Control valve is installed, the control valve is connected with control main frame.
Preferably, lime-ash cooling thorax bottom is equipped with lime-ash delivery line, the lime-ash delivery line and feeding unit into
Material mouth is connected, for partial thermal decomposition lime-ash to be mixed with raw material dry substance.
Further, the quality of the pyrolysis lime-ash and raw material dry substance furnace entering volume is 1 than scope:2.2~1:4.2.
Preferably, multiple hearth pyrolysis oven includes main body cover, central shaft, siege, rake arms and drives motor, outside the main body
It is fixed with siege on the inner wall of shell, the central shaft is through the cavity inside main body cover, and central shaft top is from main body cover
The centre position on top is stretched out, and central shaft bottom is stretched out from the centre position of main body cover bottom, the driving of the driving motor
Axis is connected with the outer wall of central shaft bottom, and multi-deck screen material device is evenly arranged with along direction from top to bottom on the central shaft,
Every layer of sieve material device includes connection annulus, rake arms, rake teeth again, and connection annulus is set on the outer wall of central shaft, in each connection
It is provided with least one connecting pin at the outer ledge of annulus, one end of connecting pin and rake arms connects, and the other end of rake arms is close
The inner wall of main body cover, rake teeth is provided with the lower end of rake arms.
Wherein, high-temperature flue gas extracting thorax is above-mentioned first layer burner hearth and second layer burner hearth；Pyrolytic reaction thorax is as above-mentioned
Third layer burner hearth, the 4th layer of burner hearth and layer 5 burner hearth；Lime-ash cooling thorax is above-mentioned layer 6 burner hearth.
For paste/pulpous state special type discarded object of the organic matter of low boiling point containing high concentration, taken in said system design
Important innovations measure includes at following 4 points：
(1) one or more external combustion rooms are set in the high-temperature flue gas extracting functional areas on multiple hearth furnace top, in combustion chamber
Interior setting firebreak mechanism, it is ensured that the high-temperature flue gas flames of anger that burning unit produces enters multiple hearth furnace, and stove is eliminated from design angle
The probability of " hot-zone " is produced in thorax；Meanwhile the high-temperature flue gas for producing external combustion room setting with tangent line or nearly tangential direction
Meter pattern drainage enters multiple hearth furnace device, and it is in swirling flow state in burner hearth to make high-temperature flue gas, avoids the formation of part " hot-zone ".
After multiple hearth furnace enters normal operating condition, the high-temperature flue gas that external combustion room produces is situated between as complementary heat
Matter, promotes to have just enter into the hurried heating of raw material discarded object of multiple hearth furnace, be warming up in time limit as short as possible 250 DEG C with
On, moisture and most of low boiling point organic matter in raw material occur " flash distillation " and enter gas phase and form, and so can effectively keep away
Exempt from freeze profile into viscous thing phase and cause central axis thrashing (material therefore and can not downwards burner hearth elapse).
(2) pyrolysis (partial oxidation) functional areas directly will about 1/3 to 1/2 volume using drainage tube in the middle part of multiple hearth furnace
Pyrolysis high-temperature flue gas introduce the high-temperature flue gas extracting functional areas on multiple hearth furnace top.High-temperature flue gas fairlead is pyrolyzed with furnace wall in vertical
Squareness is installed, and ingress pipe is installed with furnace wall in tangent line or nearly tangential angle.
After multiple hearth furnace enters normal operating condition, the high-temperature flue gas from pyrolysis reaction region is multiple hearth furnace upper pyrometer cigarette
Gas extracts the main thermal medium of functional areas.The heat that such technological design can be produced using multiple hearth furnace inside fully, in time
Can, the overall thermal efficiency of device is obviously improved.
(3) plant air as needed for the vertical direction of multiple hearth furnace bottom by pyrolytic reaction introduces lime-ash by multiple air branch pipes
Cooling zone (see Fig. 2), the direct contact surface for greatly improving plant air and high-temperature ash accumulates, so as to strengthening heat exchange between the two
Efficiency.The introduction volume of plant air be strict controlled in into pyrolysis reaction region solid material remnant organic matter complete oxidation it
Formula weight is than 50% to 75% scope of theoretical air dosage, and correspondingly, pyrolysis reaction region is discharged by partial oxidation reaction
Heat maxima is the 50% to 75% of solid material remnants calorific values.
To avoid causing in stove overall residue oxygen concentration exceeded because plant air addition is out of control and then causing multiple hearth furnace
The organic matter steam that top steams occurs combustion reaction with excess oxygen and causes the organic matter rate of recovery to reduce, even keep the safety in production
Accident, process tail gas, which is drawn, at the top of multiple hearth furnace is provided with online oxygen concentration detector, and oxygen analyser is defeated immediately near the mouth of pipe
It is associated with the action input signal of plant air control valve to go out signal, when superfluous oxygen concentration exceedes security settings in process tail gas
When being worth (7%vol.), the aperture of plant air valve reduces immediately, and superfluous oxygen concentration is when significantly moment is exceeded, plant air valve
Goalkeeper completely closes at once, at the same multiple hearth furnace standard configuration tail gas emergency accident diffusion system start, stove at once with the external world
Atmospheric environment directly connects, and avoids that the complete accident of substantial equipment occurs.
(4) the multiple hearth furnace device of high-temperature flue gas extracting (air lift/flash distillation) has been coupled, the furnace temperature of its upper part first layer burner hearth will
Wastewater sludge pyrolysis installation first floor furnace temperature than commonly using is 80 to 130 DEG C high, therefore is transmitted to raw material forced feed unit feeding mouth
Heat will also increase therewith, moisture and lightweight, which will occur, when the paste in feeding mouth/pasty material temperature is more than 80 DEG C has
A small amount of gasification of machine compound, can so cause feeding machine that operation troubles occurs；If temperature rises to more than 150 DEG C, feeding
The thermoplasticity deformation of material will occur inside unit, feeding serew mechanism is lost function.
In order to avoid the raw material feeding unit failure caused by first floor burner hearth heat transfer, devise and return partial thermal decomposition lime-ash
Return to feeding machine inlet, it is blended uniform mechanism (Fig. 1 and Fig. 2) with raw material discarded object.Typically, related to for the present invention
And paste/pulpous state discarded object for, the mass ratio of pyrolysis lime-ash and raw material dry substance furnace entering volume is controlled 1:(2.2~4.2)
Scope is quite suitable.
The method of multiple hearth furnace coupling gas stripping process pyrolysismethod recycling cream slurry waste material organic matter of the present invention is unlike the prior art
Part is：
1st, high-temperature flue gas is extracted (air lift/flash distillation) technology and is coupled to multiple hearth furnace pyrolytic technique system by method of the invention,
The extraordinary cream pulpous state waste material containing highly concentrated low boiling point organic matter can relatively simple, reliably be solved in multiple hearth pyrolysis treatment systems
Top burner hearth in occur thermoplasticity deformation generate viscous state thing phase and caused by equipment operation failure, partial oxidation is pyrolyzed work
" minimizing, stabilisation, innoxious, recycling " processing target of the skill to this special waste material is achieved.
Typically, for the representative of this special waste material --- crude oil adopts a large amount of oil containing wastes that storage link produces ---
For, realize that the imagination that Oil Recovery recycles while cuts down disposition of solid waste cost possesses completely using pyrolytic process
The technical feasibility implemented.
2nd, method of the invention effectively reduces in burner hearth the probability of " hot-zone " appearance, avoids the excessive slagging knot of stove internal cause
Frequent shutdown caused by block phenomenon overhauls, and number when having ensured the normal operation of equipment, greatly improved the utilization rate of device systems
It is horizontal.
In the middle part of multiple hearth furnace pyrolysis reaction region is taken directly to drain the high-temperature flue gas of pyrolytic reaction generation to above stove
Air lift/flash zone, while design external combustion room and supplement high-temperature flue gas for air lift/flash zone, and this two strands of high-temperature flue gas are equal
Air lift/flash zone is forced into tangent line or nearly tangential direction, the gaseous environment in burner hearth is kept high speed swirling flow state, disappears
The probability occurred except " hot-zone ".
3rd, method of the invention is significantly reduced containing highly concentrated low boiling point organic matter cream pulpous state pyrolysis of waste recovery process skill
The energy consumption of art system.
Typically, for the representative of this special waste material --- crude oil adopts a large amount of oil containing wastes that storage link produces ---
For, whether using extraction, distillation technique, or using pyrolytic process, also whether use rotary furnace, fluid bed furnace, turn
Bottom stove, or be pyrolyzed using conventional multiple hearth furnace device, all it is the oil evaporation recovery technology process of a highly energy-consuming, only
Consumption supplement fuel is just needed to be up to 7.4 × 10 in industrial furnace pyrolysis link6Kcal/ tons of oil recovery.Using design side of the invention
After method, the supplement fuel consumption for being pyrolyzed link is greatly reduced to 1.2 × 106Kcal/ tons of oil recovery, the range of decrease are up to
83.8%, energy-saving effect is extremely notable.
4th, method using the present invention makes 65% to 75% of organic matter total amount contained by raw material in air lift/flash zone of stove
It is able to gasify and enters follow-up recovery process, the overall rate of recovery of organic matter is up to 70% or so；Remaining organic matter is in more thoraxes
Pyrolysis reaction region, which is partially oxidized, in the middle part of stove produces 75% to 90% of thermal energy needed for integrated artistic；In final pyrolysis residue only
Contain about 5% or so organic matter (carbon residue).Make the organic matter rate of recovery and process energy consumption rate of extraordinary discarded object
Reasonable, relatively perfect equilibrium level is reached.
5th, after method of the invention takes reuse partial thermal decomposition residue (lime-ash) to be blended with extraordinary discarded object, by forced feed
Unit feeds the technical solution of multiple hearth furnace, it is entirely avoided because first floor burner hearth greatly improves the feeding easily triggered after operation temperature
Device failure of removal.Typically, being pyrolyzed lime-ash and the mass ratio of raw material dry substance furnace entering volume should control 1:(2.2~4.2) scope
Within.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that multiple hearth furnace of the present invention couples the technological process that gas stripping process pyrolysismethod recycles the method for cream slurry waste material organic matter
Figure；
Fig. 2 uses more in the method for multiple hearth furnace of the present invention coupling gas stripping process pyrolysismethod recycling cream slurry waste material organic matter
The structure diagram of burner hearth pyrolysis treatment systems；
Fig. 3 is the circuit control schematic diagram of multiple hearth pyrolysis treatment systems；
Wherein, 1- multiple hearths pyrolysis oven；2- feeding units；The external combustion chambers of 3-；The external combustors of 301-；4- high-temperature flue gas
Extract thorax；5- pyrolytic reaction thoraxes；6- lime-ash cools down thorax；7- high-temperature flue gas drainage tubes；8- wall embeded combustors；9- air branch pipes；10-
Process tail gas fairlead；11- oxygen analysers；12- organic matter retracting devices；13- plant air input pipes；14- lime-ash delivery lines；
15- control main frames；101- main body covers；102- central shafts；103- sieges；104- rake arms；105- drives motor；106- connections are justified
Ring；107- rake teeths.
Embodiment
It is useless that gas stripping process pyrolysismethod recycling cream slurry is coupled to the multiple hearth furnace of the present invention by following embodiments and checking test
The method of material organic matter is further described.
Embodiment
The method of the multiple hearth furnace coupling gas stripping process pyrolysismethod recycling cream slurry waste material organic matter of the present embodiment is according to the following steps
Carry out, process flow chart is as shown in Figure 1：
(1) cream pulpous state waste material is placed in homogenization groove and be homogenized；
(2) the cream pulpous state waste material after homogenizing is sent into feeding machine with mud cake delivery pump；
(3) the cream pulpous state waste material after homogenizing is sent into multiple hearth pyrolysis treatment systems by feeding machine；
(4) heat, multiple hearth pyrolysis are provided for multiple hearth pyrolysis treatment systems by fireplace combustor and external combustor
At least provided with six layers of burner hearth in processing system；Cream pulpous state waste material after homogenizing is from top to bottom successively by first layer burner hearth, second
Layer burner hearth, third layer burner hearth, the 4th layer of burner hearth, layer 5 burner hearth, layer 6 burner hearth, the low-boiling-point organic compound in cream pulpous state waste material
Recycled with the organic matter retracting device on multiple hearth pyrolysis treatment systems top, that is, complete to recycle in the slave cream pulpous state waste material of the present invention
High concentration low-boiling-point organic compound.
Wherein, the control of first layer burner hearth material temperature is at 280~320 DEG C；The second layer burner hearth material temperature control is 350~400
℃；Third layer burner hearth material temperature is controlled at 350~400 DEG C；4th layer of burner hearth material temperature control is at 500~550 DEG C；Layer 5 burner hearth material
Temperature control system is at 600~650 DEG C；Layer 6 burner hearth material temperature is controlled at 280~350 DEG C.
The multiple hearth pyrolysis treatment systems that the present embodiment uses are as shown in Fig. 2, including multiple hearth pyrolysis oven 1, feeding unit
2nd, external combustion chamber 3 and control main frame 15, the outlet of the entrance connection feeding unit 2 of multiple hearth pyrolysis oven 1, external combustion chamber 3
It is interior to be equipped with external combustor 301；From top to bottom include high-temperature flue gas extracting thorax 4, pyrolytic reaction thorax 5 inside multiple hearth pyrolysis oven 1
Thorax 6 is cooled down with lime-ash；Connected on the side wall of high-temperature flue gas extracting thorax 4 with the entrance of external combustion chamber 3；5 side of pyrolytic reaction thorax
Side wall on be connected with the exit of high-temperature flue gas drainage tube 7, the inlet of high-temperature flue gas drainage tube 7 connection high-temperature flue gas is taken out
Carry thorax 4；Multiple wall embeded combustors 8 are fixed with the side wall of pyrolytic reaction thorax 5.
Multiple hearth pyrolysis oven 1 includes main body cover 101, central shaft 102, siege 103, rake arms 104 and driving motor 105,
Siege 103 is fixed with the inner wall of main body cover 101, central shaft 102 passes through the cavity inside main body cover 101, central shaft
102 tops are stretched out from the centre position on 101 top of main body cover, interposition of 102 bottom of central shaft from 101 bottom of main body cover
Stretching is put, the drive shaft of driving motor 105 is connected with the outer wall of 102 bottom of central shaft, along side from top to bottom on central shaft 102
To multi-deck screen material device is evenly arranged with, every layer of sieve material device includes connection annulus 106, rake arms 104, rake teeth 107, connection circle again
Ring 106 is set on the outer wall of central shaft 102, and at least one connection is provided with the outer ledge of each connection annulus 106
End, connecting pin is connected with one end of rake arms 104, the other end of rake arms 104 close to main body cover 101 inner wall, in rake arms 104
Lower end is provided with rake teeth 107.
It is that the high-temperature flue gas extracting thorax on multiple hearth furnace top sets one or more external combustions to set external combustion chamber 3
Room, sets firebreak mechanism in the combustion chamber, it is ensured that the high-temperature flue gas flames of anger that burning unit produces enters multiple hearth furnace, from design
Angle eliminates the probability that " hot-zone " is produced in burner hearth；Meanwhile the high-temperature flue gas for producing external combustion room is cut with tangent line or closely
The design type drainage in line direction enters multiple hearth furnace device, and it is in swirling flow state in burner hearth to make high-temperature flue gas, avoids the formation of part
" hot-zone "；After multiple hearth furnace enters normal operating condition, the high-temperature flue gas that external combustion room produces as complementary thermal medium,
Promote to have just enter into the hurried heating of raw material discarded object of multiple hearth furnace, be warming up to more than 250 DEG C in time limit as short as possible, it is former
Moisture and most of low boiling point organic matter in material occur " flash distillation " and enter gas phase and form, and can so be effectively prevented from stove
Viscous thing phase is formed in thorax and causes central axis thrashing material therefore burner hearth can not elapse downwards.
High-temperature flue gas extracting (air lift/flash distillation) organic matter is coupled as shown in Fig. 2, this is one and (is then recycled profit
With) designing legend of the multiple hearth furnace pyrolysis processing process system of technology, wherein first and second layers of burner hearth are high-temperature flue gas extracting
(air lift/flash distillation) thorax section, for removing and entering gas phase whole moisture and most of low boiling point organic matter from solid-phase material
Composition, is then drained into follow-up organic matter recycle device system in the form of process tail gas；3rd arrives layer 5 stove
Thorax is pyrolytic reaction section, and high-temperature gasification and/or and technique occur for remaining higher boiling or ADSORPTION STATE organic matter in solid phase
Partial oxidation reaction occurs for air, and layer combustion further occurs with plant air and reacts for the gas-phase product of generation, generates high temperature pyrolysis
Flue gas, partial fume are directly drained into the high-temperature flue gas extracting thorax section of top, and remainder is along in the material-dropping hole complications in stove
Rise and exchange heat with solid material in counter current contacting, layer 6 burner hearth is lime-ash cooling zone, and high-temperature ash is added with furnace bottom
Plant air exchanges heat.
The exit of high-temperature flue gas drainage tube 7 is connected with the perpendicular angle of the side wall of multiple hearth pyrolysis oven 1, inlet with it is more
The side wall of burner hearth pyrolysis oven 1 is connected in tangent line or nearly tangential angle.
The multiple air branch pipes 9 of 1 bottom vertical connection of multiple hearth pyrolysis oven, multiple air branch pipes 9 are by needed for pyrolytic reaction
Plant air introduces lime-ash cooling thorax 6 by multiple air branch pipes 9.The introduction volume of plant air is strict controlled in into pyrolytic reaction
The formula weight of area's solid material remnant organic matter complete oxidation than theoretical air dosage 50% to 75% scope, accordingly
Ground, pyrolysis reaction region are the 50% to 75% of solid material remnants calorific values by the heat maxima that partial oxidation reaction discharges.
As shown in figure 3, the driving motor 105 of multiple hearth pyrolysis oven 1, feeding unit 2, wall embeded combustor 8 and external burning
Machine 301 connects control main frame 15 respectively.The top of multiple hearth pyrolysis oven 1 is equipped with process tail gas fairlead 10；Process tail gas fairlead
Oxygen analyser 11 is installed, oxygen analyser 11 is connected with control main frame 15 on 10 side wall.The output terminal of process tail gas fairlead 10 with
Organic matter retracting device 12 is connected.Each air branch pipe 9 is connected with plant air input pipe 13, plant air input pipe
Control valve is installed, control valve is connected with control main frame 15 on 13.
It should be noted that the oxygen content that control main frame 15 is detected according to oxygen analyser 11, control control valve must open and
Close, while motor 105, feeding unit 2, wall embeded combustor 8 and external burning are driven according to Process flowchart is pyrolyzed in pyrolysis oven
The opening and closing of machine 301.
The present embodiment be cause in stove overall residue oxygen concentration exceeded because plant air addition is out of control to avoid and then
Causing the organic matter steam that multiple hearth furnace top steams that combustion reaction occurs with excess oxygen causes the organic matter rate of recovery to reduce, even send out
Raw industrial accident, process tail gas draws and online oxygen concentration detector immediately is provided near the mouth of pipe at the top of multiple hearth furnace, and
The output signal of oxygen analyser is associated with the action input signal of plant air control valve, when superfluous oxygen concentration surpasses in process tail gas
When crossing secure setting (7%vol), the aperture of plant air valve reduces immediately, and superfluous oxygen concentration is when significantly moment is exceeded, work
Skill air door will completely close at once, while the tail gas emergency accident diffusion system of multiple hearth furnace standard configuration starts, and stove is stood
Quarter directly connects with ambient atmosphere environment, avoids that the complete accident of substantial equipment occurs.
6 bottom of lime-ash cooling thorax is equipped with lime-ash delivery line 14, and lime-ash delivery line 14 is connected with the feed inlet of feeding unit 2
It is logical, for partial thermal decomposition lime-ash to be mixed with raw material dry substance.Pyrolysis lime-ash and the quality of raw material dry substance furnace entering volume compare scope
For 1:2.2-1：4.2.Realize through this embodiment, since the multiple hearth furnace for having coupled high-temperature flue gas extracting (air lift/flash distillation) fills
Put, the furnace temperature of its upper part first layer burner hearth is 80 to 130 DEG C higher than the wastewater sludge pyrolysis installation first floor furnace temperature commonly used, therefore passes
Leading the heat of raw material forced feed unit feeding mouth will also increase therewith, and the paste in feeding mouth/pasty material temperature exceedes
A small amount of gasification of moisture and lightweight organic compound will occur at 80 DEG C, can so cause feeding machine that operation troubles occurs；If
When temperature rises to more than 150 DEG C, the thermoplasticity deformation of material will occur inside feeding unit, lose feeding serew mechanism
Function.Therefore in order to avoid the raw material feeding unit failure caused by first floor burner hearth heat transfer, devise partial thermal decomposition lime-ash
Back to feeding machine inlet, it is set to blend uniform mechanism with raw material discarded object.
Although the foregoing describing the embodiment of the present invention, it will be appreciated by those of skill in the art that these
It is merely illustrative of, protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.Those skilled in the art is not carrying on the back
On the premise of from the principle of the present invention and essence, various changes or modifications can be made to these embodiments, but these are changed
Protection scope of the present invention is each fallen within modification.
Claims (7)
- A kind of 1. method of multiple hearth furnace coupling gas stripping process pyrolysismethod recycling cream slurry waste material organic matter, it is characterised in that：The side Method comprises the following steps：(1) cream pulpous state waste material is placed in homogenization groove and be homogenized；(2) the cream pulpous state waste material after homogenizing is sent into feeding machine with mud cake delivery pump；(3) the cream pulpous state waste material after homogenizing is sent into multiple hearth pyrolysis treatment systems by feeding machine；(4) heat, multiple hearth pyrolysis processing are provided for multiple hearth pyrolysis treatment systems by fireplace combustor and external combustor At least provided with six layers of burner hearth in system；Cream pulpous state waste material after homogenizing is from top to bottom successively by first layer burner hearth, second layer stove Thorax, third layer burner hearth, the 4th layer of burner hearth, layer 5 burner hearth, layer 6 burner hearth, low-boiling-point organic compound in cream pulpous state waste material is with more The organic matter retracting device recycling on burner hearth pyrolysis treatment systems top, that is, complete to recycle in the slave cream pulpous state waste material of the present invention highly concentrated Spend low-boiling-point organic compound.
- 2. the method for multiple hearth furnace coupling gas stripping process pyrolysismethod recycling cream slurry waste material organic matter according to claim 1, its It is characterized in that：The first layer burner hearth material temperature control is at 280~320 DEG C.
- 3. the method for multiple hearth furnace coupling gas stripping process pyrolysismethod recycling cream slurry waste material organic matter according to claim 2, its It is characterized in that：The second layer burner hearth material temperature control is at 350~400 DEG C.
- 4. the method for multiple hearth furnace coupling gas stripping process pyrolysismethod recycling cream slurry waste material organic matter according to claim 3, its It is characterized in that：The third layer burner hearth material temperature control is at 350~400 DEG C.
- 5. the method for multiple hearth furnace coupling gas stripping process pyrolysismethod recycling cream slurry waste material organic matter according to claim 4, its It is characterized in that：The 4th layer of burner hearth material temperature control is at 500~550 DEG C.
- 6. the method for multiple hearth furnace coupling gas stripping process pyrolysismethod recycling cream slurry waste material organic matter according to claim 5, its It is characterized in that：The layer 5 burner hearth material temperature control is at 600~650 DEG C.
- 7. the method for multiple hearth furnace coupling gas stripping process pyrolysismethod recycling cream slurry waste material organic matter according to claim 6, its It is characterized in that：The layer 6 burner hearth material temperature control is at 280~350 DEG C.
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| CN1180812A (en) * | 1996-10-25 | 1998-05-06 | 普拉塞尔技术有限公司 | Apparatus and method for oxygen lancing in multiple hearth furnace |
| CN1312863A (en) * | 1998-09-02 | 2001-09-12 | 保尔·沃特公司 | Process for heat-treating residues containing heavy metals and iron oxides |
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